著者
吉田 裕介 白井 康裕
出版者
北海道農業経済学会
雑誌
フロンティア農業経済研究 (ISSN:21851220)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.20, no.2, pp.117-123, 2018-03-31

The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate disparity factors in income by examining the influence of farm size and farm efficiency on farming income. The following were the four main findings; 1) The influence of farm size and farm efficiency on income showed annual fluctuations. 2) For some cases of large-scale upland farming operations there were large fluctuations in incomes because of fluctuations in farm efficiency, resulting in small average annual incomes. 3) The statistical relationship between revenue and income per unit area was very low, while there was a clear relationship between expenses and incomes per unit area for large-scale upland farming operations. 4) In large-scale upland farming operations where there were decreases in income, financial outlays were still necessary to maintain revenue. As above, large-scale upland farming suffering from lowered incomes showed low efficiency because of increases in expenses to ensure maintenance of revenue per unit area and avoiding overcropping of wheat. These farming enterprises caused some of the problems detailed in literature reviews, and other problems they encounter are to maintain farm efficiency by considering the balance between revenue and expenses.
著者
宮崎 研也
巻号頁・発行日
2012-03-23

授与大学:弘前大学; 学位種類:修士(教育学); 授与年月日:平成24年3月23日; 学位記番号:修第544号
著者
中谷 伸生
出版者
関西大学博物館
雑誌
関西大学博物館紀要 (ISSN:13414895)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.14, pp.25-36, 2008-03-31

平成十九(二〇〇七)年度 日本及び東洋美術の調査研究報告
著者
Ariyama Hiroyuki
出版者
瀬戸臨海実験所
雑誌
PUBLICATIONS OF THE SETO MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY (ISSN:00372870)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.37, no.1-2, pp.167-191, 1996-02-29
被引用文献数
11

Four species of the genus Grandidierella were collected from estuaries and coastal area in Osaka Bay and the northern part of the Kii Channel, central Japan. Grandidierella fasciata sp. nov., G. osakaensis sp. nov. and G. japonica Stephensen, 1938 were from brackish area, G. insulae Myers, 1981 from sea area. These amphipods are described and validness of the three brackish species is examined by crossing experiments.
著者
和泉 浩 IZUMI Hiroshi
出版者
秋田大学教育文化学部
雑誌
秋田大学教育文化学部研究紀要. 人文科学・社会科学自然科学 (ISSN:1348527X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.71, pp.25-36, 2016-03-01

There has been a flurry of studies on senses, sound, hearing and listening, alongside of studies on body, inhumanities and social sciences since the early 1990s. These studies reconsider the modern visualist paradigm,hegemony of vision and modernity through excavating other senses ― hearing, touch, taste, smell ― in varioussocial, historical and cultural contexts, therefore they share aims, concepts and theoretical frameworks with postmodernism,post-structuralism, gender studies, queer studies, post-colonialism, spatial-turn. This paper outlines thesociological perspective on relationships between senses and society, sees viewpoints of recent studies on senses,especially sound studies in a sociological light, and sheds light on the problems relating to ‘alternative’ ways ofthinking and ‘reflexivity’ ― positioning and accounting for own positions and questions ― which is insisted as animportant point of sensuous scholarship and sound studies. Including this abstract, studies on senses are obsessedwith visualist concepts and metaphors, and ‘alternative’ ways of thinking and ‘reflexivity’ should confront thisthorny problem which might not be solved by constructivism, contextualism and thought of ‘in-betweenness’which apparently deny dualisms. This paper also points out that sound studies must take seriously Judith Butler’sassertion: ‘It would make no sense to define gender as the cultural interpretation of sex, if sex itself is a genderedcategory’, in order to reconsider dualisms; nature and society, sound and auditory culture, body (matter) andsociety, and sound studies should reflect its naturalistic name.
著者
安藤 聡 酒井 正彦 坂部 俊樹 草刈 圭一朗 西田 直樹 ANDO Satoshi SAKAI Masahiko SAKABE Toshiki KUSAKARI Keiichirou NISHIDA Naoki
出版者
一般社団法人電子情報通信学会
雑誌
電子情報通信学会技術研究報告. SS, ソフトウェアサイエンス (ISSN:09135685)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.112, no.23, pp.43-48, 2012-05

Malbolgeは最も難解なプログラミング言語として知られている.高級アセンブリ言語の開発によりMalbolgeプログラムの作成が可能になっているものの,プログラム中で使用できる変数の値の最大値が固定されておりゲーデルコーディングが不可能であるため,配列機能がないのは記述力不足であった.本論文ではこの問題を解決するため,高級アセンブラに用いられている実現手法を整理し,これに配列機能のための命令である領域確保命令と間接参照命令を追加する方法を提案する. Malbolge is known to be one of the most esoteric programming languages. Although it is possible to write programs in Malbolge by the development of a high-level assembly language, lack of facility to manage individual data in a group of data like an array in language causes problem because Godel-coding is impossible in a program due to bounded values in variables. In this paper, in order to solve this problem, we show implementation issues used in the assembler in well-organized manner and propose a method for implementing a memory allocation instruction and an indirect reference instruction for array facility into the assembler.

1 0 0 0 OA 長田秋濤研究

著者
伊狩 章
出版者
弘前大学人文社会学会
雑誌
弘前大学人文社会
巻号頁・発行日
no.10, pp.90-111, 1956-09-08
著者
Basri Rehana Yabe Ichiro Soma Hiroyuki Sasaki Hidenao
出版者
Springer Japan
雑誌
Journal of Human Genetics (ISSN:14345161)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.52, no.10, pp.848-855, 2007-10
被引用文献数
35

Autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia (ADCA) is a genetically heterogeneous group of neurodegenerative disorders. To shed further light on the clinical and genetic spectrum of ADCA in Japan, we conducted a study to determine the frequency of a new variety of different subtypes of SCAs among ADCA patients. This current study was carried out from April 1999 to December 2006 on the basis of patients with symptoms and signs of ADCA disorders. PCR and/or direct sequencing were evaluated in a total of 113 families. Among them, 35 families were found to have the mutation associated with SCA6, 30 with SCA3, 11 with SCA1, five with SCA2, five with DRPLA, and one with SCA14. We also detected the heterozygous −16C → T single nucleotide substitution within the puratrophin-1 gene responsible for 16q22.1-linked ADCA in ten families. In this study, unusual varieties of SCA, including 27, 13, 5, 7, 8, 12, 17, and 16 were not found. Of the 113 patients, 14% had as yet unidentified ADCA mutations. The present study validates the prevalence of genetically distinct ADCA subtypes based on ethnic origin and geographical variation, and shows that 16q-linked ADCA has strong hereditary effects in patients with ADCAs in Japan.