著者

任 智美 梅本 匡則 根来 篤 美内 慎也 阪上 雅史

出版者

日本口腔・咽頭科学会

雑誌

口腔・咽頭科 (ISSN:09175105)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.3, pp.293-300, 2007-06-10 (Released:2010-06-28)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

1

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頭部外傷は救命が優先されるため, 味覚嗅覚障害に関して配慮がなされないことが多い. また報告も少なく, 十分に解明されていない分野である. 今回, 当科を受診した外傷後味覚嗅覚障害6例について, 臨床像, 検査結果, 治療経過を検討した. 外傷後味覚嗅覚同時障害患者6例に嗅覚, 味覚検査, 採血, 性格検査, 頭部MRIを施行した. MRIでは4例に前頭葉, 2例に側頭葉に所見がみられた. 嗅覚味覚検査では検知と比較して認知の結果が悪い傾向にあり, 外傷による嗅覚味覚神経伝達系の直接損傷だけでなく, 中枢性も原因として考えられた. 今後, 外傷後味覚嗅覚障害の病態を解明するのにさらに多くの症例を検討する必要があると思われた.

出版者

中央教化団体連合会

巻号頁・発行日

1929

著者

教化事業調査会 編

出版者

中央教化団体聯合会

巻号頁・発行日

1934

著者

藤巻 正生 鈴木 敦士 宮崎 基嘉

出版者

公益社団法人 日本栄養・食糧学会

雑誌

栄養と食糧 (ISSN:18838863)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.3, pp.161-166, 1966-09-30 (Released:2010-02-22)

参考文献数

7

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無蛋白飼料で5週間飼ったシロネズミとスレオニン欠乏飼料で4週間飼ったシロネズミの筋肉並びに肝臓の水溶性蛋白質のアミノ酸組成は, それぞれの正常区に比べて明らかな差は認められず, またカゼイン飼料区と完全アミノ酸飼料区の両正常区間, あるいは無蛋白飼料区とスレオニン欠乏飼料区の両欠乏区の間にも差は認められなかった。セルロースホスフェイトを用いるカラムクロマトグラフィーにより水溶性蛋白質を分画した結果, 筋肉の場合, 各画分の量比, 蛋白質中のトリプトファン含量には正常区, 無蛋白区, スレオニン欠乏区の間で差はみられなかった。しかし, 肝臓については, 無蛋白区, スレオニン欠乏区ともに正常区に比べてpH 5.0の緩衝液で吸着されない蛋白質が増加し, pH 7.0で溶出される画分の蛋白質は減少し, 各画分の蛋白質中のトリプトファン含量も正常区に比べてやや減少する傾向がみられた。アルドラーゼ活性は, 筋肉, 肝臓ともに無蛋白区の場合は, 正常区に比べてやや減少したが, スレオニン欠乏区の場合には, その差はみられなかった。スレオニン欠乏飼料および完全アミノ酸飼料で飼ったシロネズミの場合, カラムクロマトグラフィーで分画後pH 7.0の緩衝液で溶出される蛋白質画分のアミノ酸組成を分析した結果, 筋肉, 肝臓ともにスレオニン欠乏区と正常区の間に全く差はみられなかった。

著者

松田 晃彦 武田 隆久 木村 美恵子

出版者

日本微量元素学会

雑誌

Biomedical Research on Trace Elements (ISSN:0916717X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.4, pp.297-307, 2008-12-31 (Released:2009-07-01)

参考文献数

32

被引用文献数

1

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Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element and component of glutathione peroxidase known to be involved in the reduction of free radicals. Reduction of body Se is easily induced by the external Se-deficient environment, but the symptoms of Se deficiency such as cardiomyopathy, weakness of muscle strength, muscle pain, anemia, and white nail are rarely seen in human. In this review paper, we describe that the appearance of functional disorders following Se deficiency in rats is not easily appeared, and that Se deficiency in rats reduces toxic threshold of anticancer drug “adriamycin”. And also, we consider the significance of prevention of Se deficiency based on the results of these animal studies.

著者

相馬 武久

出版者

麻布大学

巻号頁・発行日

2001

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Along with a recent trend to characterize pet dog as companion animal, further improvement has been required in veterinary medicine based essentially on an accurate diagnosis. Regarding the diagnosis of infectious diseases, neutralizing test (NT) is the most reliable antibody test widely used; however, due to disadvantages in lacking rapidity, simplicity and economic efficiency, the test is not suitable for routine laboratory practice. Hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test provides simplicity along with the specificity equivalent to that of the NT, yet it is only applicable to detect viruses demonstrating hemagglutination activity. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) has recently been demonstrated as a simple and accurate detecting method and is currently utilized most frequently in the field of veterinary medicine. However, because of the non-specific reactions, ELISA sometimes yields an ambiguous result to determine. Immunoperoxidase plaque staining (IP) test was demonstrated in 1982 to compensate for the defect associated with ELISA. In this enzyme antibody technique, plaque, a cluster of virus-infected cells, is used as an antigen and raised in a testing well concomitantly with an uninfected cell layer, providing readily distinguishable appearance of non-specific reactions. The test procedures are similar to those of ELISA. In this study, to examine the diagnostic application of the IP test to canine virus infections, we established antibody test systems for canine distemper virus (CDV), canine coronavirus (CCoV) and canine herpesvirus (CaHV), in which the HI test is less applicable, and examined the possibility to apply the system to the field of canine practice. The epidemiological surveys on these viruses in Japan have not yet been completed; therefore, we conducted the field studies to examine the prevalence of antibodies to these viruses using the IP test.1. Establishment of antibody test system by IP test First, conditions of antigen plates were examined to establish a diagnostic system with the IP test. Vero, CRFK and A-72 cells, which provided clearly observable plaque, were used for cell culture in the CDV-, CCoV- and CaHV-IP tests, respectively. These were infected with each virus at titers of 30 plaque forming units (PFU)/well, providing an appropriate viral density per well for easy observation. The infected cells were incubated for 40 hours on a methylcellulose underlay to support plaque formation and to simplify subsequent operations, followed by fixation with ethanol and these plates were used for the antibody test. For determination, the wells were stained with o-dianisidine to reveal plaque. A test sample was determined positive when brown-colored plaques were observed. The highest serum dilution showing this color development was regarded as IP titer. The color reaction given by the plaques was clear, even when some color developed on uninfected cells in the background owing to non-specific reactions, because the coloration of the plaques was much stronger. We also examined the influences of long-term storage and lot-to-lot variation on the quality of the IP antigen plates. The antigen titers for CDV, CCoV and CaHV were well preserved in the IP plates stored in -20℃ for six months after the production, and were not affected by lot-to-lot variation. These results demonstrate that the IP test constantly provides stable antibody determination.2. Specificity of IP test The specificity of the IP tests was examined by exposing the CDV-, CCoV- and CaHV-IP antigen plates to antisera containing several antibodies against canine viruses. There were no cross-reactions with the antisera in each IP plate, indicating that the IP test specifically detects the target antibody.3. Application of IP test to CDV3-1. Antibody responses of CDV-vaccinated SPF dogs When the antibody response was examined in 84 specific pathogen-free (SPF) dogs that had received CDV vaccine and 30 unimmunized SPF dogs, all the sera from unimmunized SPF dogs that had negative NT titers showed negative IP titers. All the sera from the vaccinated SPF dogs that had positive NT titers showed positive IP titers. There was a strong correlation between the IP and NT titers (r=0.953). The regression line was as follows: y= 0.884x-0.252. Then, when 12 SPF dogs were inoculated with CDV vaccines, both titers followed a similar course after the inoculation in all the dogs. These findings indicate that the IP test has specificity similar to that of the NT. Based on the above regression line, an NT titer of 1:32, which was estimated as a criterion for defensive ability against canine distemper (CD), was then converted into an IP titer of 1:160 to establish the evaluation criterion for the IP test.3-2. Prevalence of antibody in companion dogs The IP test was used to investigate the prevalence of the antibody in sera from 584 healthy dogs. The percentages of sera that had positive IP titers (≧1:10) and that reached the criterion (≧1:160) were 76.5% and 62.5% of all sera tested, respectively. These percentages tended to decline in dogs aged over 9 year. In particular, a marked decrease was observed in the percentage of those reaching the criterion for defensive ability. Aging has recently been progressing so rapidly in the pet community that an increased concern has been raised about the age-related impaired immune system. Our results confirmed this age-related problem and emphasized the need for an aged dog to undergo regular antibody testing and appropriate vaccination based on the result. The results also demonstrated that the IP test was extremely suitable for examining a large number of samples, for instance, in the case of medical checkup.3-3. Comparison of IP test and NT in companion dogs The antibody titers were investigated in 50 healthy dogs and 186 suspected cases of CD (107 dogs showed neurological signs and 83 dogs did not). AII the sera that had positive NT titers showed positive IP titers, and all the sera that had negative NT titers showed negative IP titers in the healthy dogs. In contrast, 71.7% and 65.5% of the sera that had negative NT titers showed positive IP titers in the suspected cases of CD with and without neurological signs, respectively. Hence, the IP test was clearly demonstrated as an effective antibody test for the diagnosis of CD.3-4. Estimation of IP-NT score Furthermore, we examined a possible diagnostic index in terms of the IP titer. The difference between IP and NT titers (IP-NT score) was estimated in the healthy dogs and the suspected cases of CD. The score was indicated as the mean±SD; that is, 0.616±0.385 in the healthy dogs, 1.631±0.834 in the suspected cases of CD with neurological signs and 1.348±0.837 in the suspected cases of CD without neurological signs, resulting in a significantly increased score in the suspected cases of CD (p<0.01). Based on this result, we analyzed the mean±3SD, which 99% of the samples tested are within, and determined the upper limit (mean+3SD) for the healthy dogs as 1.8 of IP-NT score. This upper limit was exceeded in 41.4% of the suspected cases of CD with neurological signs and 31.5% of the suspected cases of CD without neurological signs, indicating that an IP-NT score of > 1.8 is available as one of the diagnostic indices. In a follow-up study conducted on 15 dogs displaying an IP-NT score of > 1.8 at the first examination, 12 of 15 dogs developed neurological signs within one month. These results suggest that the IP-NT score is useful for predicting the onset of neurological signs as well as for diagnosing CD.4. Application of IP test to CCoV4-1. Changes in antibody titers in CCoV-experimentally infected SPF dogs When 3 SPF dogs that were inoculated with CCoV, IP and NT titers followed a similar course after the inoculation.4-2. Comparison of IP test and NT in companion dogs A comparison between the IP test and the NT was performed on 240 healthy dogs and 187 diarrheic dogs (115 dogs aged under one year and 72 dogs aged over one year). All the sera that had negative NT titers showed negative IP titers and all the sera that had positive NT titers showed positive IP titers in the healthy dogs. In contrast, 20.3% and 2.1% of the sera that had negative NT titers showed positive IP titers in the diarrheic dogs aged under one year and aged over one year, respectively. Hence, the IP test should be useful for the diagnosis of CCoV-infection.4-3. Estimation of IP-NT score The score was indicated as the mean±SD; that is, 0.982±0.447 in the healthy dogs, 2.350±0.931 in the diarrheic dogs aged under one year and 1.404±0.896 in the diarrheic dogs aged over one year, resulting in significantly increased scores in the diarrheic dogs (under one year; p<0.01, over one year; p<0.05). The upper limit (mean+3SD) for the healthy dogs was 2.3 of IP-NT score. This upper limit was exceeded in 57.1% of the diarrheic dogs aged under one year and 24.0% of the diarrheic dogs aged over one year, indicating that an IP-NT score of > 2.3 is available as one of the diagnostic indices for CCoV-infection.4-4. Prevalence of antibody in companion dogs The percentages of the sera which had positive IP titers were 25.0%, 48.7% and 34.7% in 240 healthy dogs, 115 diarrheic dogs aged under one year and 72 diarrheic dogs aged over one year, respectively. The percentage of the diarrheic dogs under one year of age was significantly higher than that of the healthy dogs (p<0.01), indicating that CCoV contributes to diarrhea in many juvenile dogs. Further analysis was performed to determine the prevalence of CCoV antibody in the diarrheic dogs with or without anti-canine parvovirus (CPV)-IgM antibody. CCoV-antibodies were identified in 38.1% of sera positive for CPV-IgM antibody and in 62.2% of those negative for the IgM, the latter being significantly higher than the former (p<0.05) as well as that in the healthy dogs (p<0.01). This suggests that the antibody test for CCoV should be performed concurrently with that for CPV when diagnosing diarrhea in dogs.5. Application of IP test to CaHV5-1. Comparison of IP test and NT in laboratory and companion dogs A comparison between the IP test and the NT was performed on 53 dogs from a CaHV-contaminated laboratory, 590 healthy dogs and 35 dogs with chronically respiratory signs. In these animals, all the sera that had positive NT titers showed positive IP titers; however, 23.8%, 0.5% and 3.5% of each group, which had negative NT titers, showed positive IP titers, implying that the IP test detects the antibody more accurately than the NT. The results indicate that the IP test is highly applicable to the serodiagnosis of CaHV-infection.5-2. Estimation of IP-NT score The IP-NT score was indicated as the mean±SD; that is, 1.280±0.520 in the laboratory dogs, 1.220±0.441 in the healthy dogs and 1.106±0.334 in the dogs with respiratory signs. There were no significant differences among the laboratory dogs, the healthy dogs and the dogs with respiratory signs.5-3. Prevalence of antibody in companion dogs Investigation of CaHV-antibody in sera from 590 healthy dogs demonstrated an extremely low prevalence, that is, 3.1%. However, the prevalence in 35 dogs with chronically respiratory signs was estimated to be 20.0%, and was significantly higher than that of the healthy dogs (p<0.01). The result was consistent with a general tendency concerning the relationships between CaHV and respiratory diseases.6. Prevalence of antibody in multi-dog households Additionally, we analyzed the prevalence of CCoV- and CaHV-antibody in mass-breeding environments. CCoV-antibodies were identified in 100%, 100%, 90.0%, 0% and 0% of the respective samples from 5 breeding facilities; the percentages in the 3 facilities exceeded that of the healthy dogs (p<0.01). CaHV-antibodies were identified in 100%, 69.8%, 0% and 0% of the respective samples from 4 breeding facilities; the percentages in the 2 facilities exceeded that of the healthy dogs (p<0.01). These results imply that once CCoV and CaHV contaminate a mass-breeding facility, they spread extensively and the antibodies are detected in a considerable percentage of animals. Therefore, prior to the transportation and intermixing of dog populations, CCoV- and CaHV-infections should be examined using the IP test. In this study, the IP test was used for the first time to diagnose canine virus infections, indicating its high specificity as well as simplicity and rapidity compared to those of the conventional NT and ELISA. We established a useful diagnostic method for CDV and CCoV infections using a combination of IP test and NT. No such information has previously been reported. Furthermore, we demonstrated the prevalence of the CDV-, CCoV- and CaHV-antibodies in the pet population, which has not previously been thoroughly investigated in Japan. Taken together, these results suggest that the IP test is highly applicable to the diagnosis of canine virus infections.

著者

石川 稿大郎 田仲 哲也 島崎 敬一

出版者

日本酪農科学会

雑誌

ミルクサイエンス (ISSN:13430289)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.1, pp.1-6, 2011 (Released:2014-03-15)

参考文献数

8

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ラクトペルオキシダーゼの酸化還元活性を利用した抗菌作用は,ラクトペルオキシダーゼシステムとして広く知られている。これは過酸化水素とチオシアン酸イオン(SCN-)からラクトペルオキシダーゼがハイポチオシアン酸イオン(OSCN-)を生成し,殺菌作用を発揮するものである。ラクトペルオキシダーゼの酵素活性は他の化学物質に対しても応用できると考え,細胞傷害を誘発することが知られている化学物質の作用を抑制する可能性について検討した。すなわち,細胞に対して酸化的ストレスを与え,アポトーシスを誘発することが知られているナフトキノン誘導体の培養細胞(Caco-2)に与える影響をラクトペルオキシダーゼ添加で阻止できるかどうかを調べた。対象としたのは 1,4-ナフトキノン-スルホン酸カリウム,2,3-ジクロロ-5,8-ジヒドロキシ-1,4-ナフトキノン,2-メチル-1,4-ナフトキノンである。細胞生存率,ポリ-(ADP-リボース)-ポリメラーゼの検出,細胞形態の観察などから,ラクトペルオキシダーゼ添加の有効性が観察された。

著者

永井 克昇

出版者

千葉商科大学国府台学会

雑誌

千葉商大論叢 (ISSN:03854558)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.1, pp.183-194, 2017-09-30

著者

影山 昂太郎 中村 真輔 小澤 一文

出版者

電気関係学会東北支部連合大会実行委員会

雑誌

電気関係学会東北支部連合大会講演論文集 平成24年度 電気関係学会東北支部連合大会 講演論文集

巻号頁・発行日

pp.35, 2012 (Released:2013-02-16)

著者

沼上 幹

出版者

矯正協会

雑誌

刑政 (ISSN:02874628)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.128, no.10, pp.12-30, 2017-10

著者

小寺 良尚

出版者

一般社団法人 日本造血・免疫細胞療法学会

雑誌

日本造血細胞移植学会雑誌 (ISSN:21865612)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, no.3, pp.118-124, 2018 (Released:2018-07-13)

参考文献数

10

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造血細胞移植は血液内科・小児科医だけでは成り立ち得ず,看護部はもとより,前治療における放射線科,採取における手術室,輸血部,移植後合併症時における皮膚科,呼吸器科,消化器科,病理部,薬剤部そして事務部と,施設のほとんど全部所の理解と協力の上に成り立つ治療法である。従ってこれらの部所間の“和”の重要性は当初からそれぞれの施設において認識され,やがてはそれに携わる人たちの体質になってきたように思われる。その良き体質は,地域,全国の研究会,学会,研究班を形成し,医学・医療界外の人たちとともに骨髄バンク,臍帯血バンクを誕生させ,又同じような体質を持つ海外の仲間たちと交流し,国際学会を創設してきた。そこに身を置き,ささやかながら携わってきた事柄を紹介する。そして造血細胞移植という技術に特化した日本造血細胞移植学会が,現在の対象疾患における一層の成績向上を志向すると共に,新しい対象疾患の開拓に向けて力強く前進されることを期待する。

著者

熊谷 寛夫

出版者

一般社団法人 日本物理学会

雑誌

日本物理学会誌 (ISSN:00290181)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.5, pp.357-360, 1966-05-05 (Released:2008-04-14)

著者

中村 紘一

出版者

一般財団法人 日本英文学会

雑誌

英文学研究 (ISSN:00393649)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.86, pp.71-76, 2009-11-20 (Released:2017-04-10)

著者

石田 祐一

出版者

吉川弘文館

雑誌

日本歴史 (ISSN:03869164)

巻号頁・発行日

no.392, pp.p22-39, 1981-01

著者

望月 哲男

出版者

北海道大学スラブ研究センター

雑誌

スラヴ研究 (ISSN:05626579)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, pp.1-41, 1990

著者

柴 健次

出版者

横浜国立大学経営学会

雑誌

横浜経営研究 (ISSN:03891712)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.1, pp.116-131, 2005-06

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隅田一豊先生退職記念号

著者

村越,晃

出版者

日本保育学会大会準備委員会

雑誌

日本保育学会大会研究論文集

巻号頁・発行日

no.51, 1998-04-27

著者

谷田貝公昭

雑誌

家庭教育研究所紀要

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, pp.25-32, 1985

被引用文献数

2

著者

Toshiyuki OSAKAI

出版者

The Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry

雑誌

Analytical Sciences (ISSN:09106340)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.4, pp.361-366, 2019-04-10 (Released:2019-04-10)

参考文献数

68

被引用文献数

5

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Many studies have been conducted by using the oil (O) | water (W) interface as a simple model for understanding ion transfer (IT) or electron transfer (ET) across biomembranes. In this review, we revisit the usability of the O | W interface as a biomembrane model. For understanding biomembrane IT, the O | W interface is the simplest and best suited model. For example, the standard Gibbs transfer energy of drug ions at the O | W interface is a useful measure for evaluating their membrane permeability in a conventional in vitro assay, called PAMPA. However, the O | W interface is not necessarily a good model for understanding biomembrane ET. This is because no net current can be observed with the O | W interface, owing to the ET-coupled proton transfer. In such a case, the self-assembled monolayer (SAM) formed on a metal electrode serves as a better model for understanding biomembrane ET.

著者

山田 順一郎

出版者

日本経営診断学会

雑誌

日本経営診断学会年報 (ISSN:21851883)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, pp.164-170, 1990-11-15 (Released:2010-06-15)

参考文献数

6