著者

馬上 紗矢香

出版者

千葉商科大学

雑誌

千葉商大紀要 (ISSN:03854566)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.4, pp.123-149, 2004-03-31

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Kate ChopinによるThe Awakening(1899)にはEdnaの生まれ育った土地,そしてクレオール社会の二つの文化が登場する。本稿ではそれら二つの異なる文化,そして作品中の舞台の変化について精読した上で,Ednaの目覚め,入水についての分析を行う。まず対比点について考える前に,面文化の女性に対する共通意識について論じている。アメリカ人であるEdnaの文化背景とアメリカ的と言うよりはるかにフランス的であるクレオールの文化の共通点を探るために本稿では19世紀アメリカ社会で女性に求められていたいくつかの概念とクレオール社会の比較を行う。続いてクレオール文化とEdnaの育った文化の違いについて考察を試みる。Ednaの回想,そして彼女の父の様子などから,Ednaの故郷では何事にも真剣であること,自己の感情を表に出さないことなどをうかがうことができ,Ednaも家族同様,これらの性質を持った人物として描かれている。一方クレオール社会は貴族的生活,騎士道愛,女性の美,そして開放的性格などによって特徴づけられる。二文化を比較してみると対照的な点が目立っており,これらの違いからEdnaはクレオール社会で孤立するが,一方でそのロマンスや自由に感情を表現する性格にEdnaは惹きつけられ,自己の内面に気づき,社会の女性観に逆らって行くのである。また,Ednaの変化に寄与したのは文化間の相違だけではなく,作品中の舞台の変化も大いに役立っている。クレオールの女性社会であり,Ednaがそれに触れることで自己に気付くGrand Isle,幻想的な雰囲気の中,おとぎ話のような描写やEdnaの本能的行動が強調されて描かれるCheniere Caminada,そして家事や社会慣習といった制約が多く存在し,女性は家の中に閉じ込めてしまうNew Orleansといった3つの舞台の比較も行う。これら二つの文化の共通点と相違点,さらには舞台の変化といった文化背景について確認した上で,本稿では最後に主人公Ednaの「目覚め」について論じている。Ednaは確かに自己の本質と欲望には目覚めたが,いくつかの点で目覚めていないと言う事も確認できる。文化的差異,舞台の変化がEdnaを何に目覚めさせ,何に対して盲目であったのか。これらを明らかにすることで彼女の結末について分析を試みる。

著者

石橋 崇雄

出版者

東洋史研究會

雑誌

東洋史研究 (ISSN:03869059)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.1, pp.98-135, 1994-06-30

著者

David Block John Gray Marnie Holborow

出版者

Routledge

巻号頁・発行日

2012

著者

山名 早人

出版者

社団法人情報科学技術協会

雑誌

情報の科学と技術 (ISSN:09133801)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.2, pp.84-89, 2004-02-01

被引用文献数

1

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今や検索エンジンは,インターネットを利用する上でなくてはならない存在となっている。しかし,そのアーキテクチャは明らかにされていない部分が多い。本稿では,世界最大の検索エンジンであるGoogleを例にとり,検索エンジンのアーキテクチャについて, Web情報の収集,インデックス化,検索の3つに焦点をあてて紹介する。また,大量の検索クエリーをどのように処理するかや,運用にはどの程度のコストがかかるのかなどの運用に関わる問題についても取り上げる。

著者

壁経平 著

出版者

帝国新報社

巻号頁・発行日

1933

著者

Haengbok CHEON Wooshin CHOI Youngjae LEE Donghoon LEE Juhyung KIM Ji-Houn KANG Kijeong NA Jinhwa CHANG Dongwoo CHANG

出版者

公益社団法人 日本獣医学会

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.11-0579, (Released:2012-07-06)

被引用文献数

5 19

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The aim of this study was to assess age-related changes and anatomic variation in trabecular bone mineral density (tBMD) using quantitative computed tomography (QCT) in normal cats. Seventeen normal cats were included in this study and divided into the following 3 age groups: <6 months (n=4); 2–5 years (n=10); and >6 years (n=3). A computed tomographic scan of each vertebra from the 12th thoracic to the 7th lumbar spine, and the pelvis was performed with a bone-density phantom (50, 100, and 150 mg/cm3, calcium hydroxyapatite, CIRS phantom®). On the central transverse section, the elliptical region of interest (ROI) was drawn to measure the mean Hounsfield unit (HU) value. Those values were converted to equivalent tBMD (mg/cm3) by use of the bone-density phantom and linear regression analysis (r2>0.95). The mean tBMD value of the thoracic vertebrae (369.4 ± 31.8 mg/cm3) was significantly higher than that of the lumbar vertebrae (285 ± 58.1 mg/cm3). The maximum tBMD occurred at the T12, T13, and L1 levels in all age groups. There was a statistically significant difference in the mean tBMD value among the 3 age groups at the T12 (P<0.001), T13 (P<0.001), and L4 levels (P=0.013), respectively. The present study suggests that age-related changes and anatomic variation in tBMD values should be considered when assessing tBMD using QCT in cats with bone disorders.

著者

Hiroko FUKUTA Akihiro MORI Nazarbek URUMUHAN Peter LEE Hitomi ODA Kaori SAEKI Miyuki KURISHIMA Satoshi NOZAWA Hisashi MIZUTANI Suguru MISHINA Toshiro ARAI Toshinori SAKO

出版者

公益社団法人 日本獣医学会

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.12-0041, (Released:2012-07-06)

被引用文献数

2 7

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Euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic glucose clamp (EHGC) method is a gold standard for assessing insulin resistance in humans. However, this method has yet to be commonly used with dogs, due to the requirement of frequent blood sampling for glucose measurement and adjusting glucose infusion rate (GIR). The purpose of this study was to evaluate insulin resistance, induced either by Cushing Syndrome (CS) or diestrus in dogs, as determined by GIR by EHGC, using an artificial pancreas apparatus. Twenty animals were used in this study with ten (7 females and 3 males) serving as healthy controls, four (3 females, 1 male) diagnosed with CS, and six (all females) undergoing diestrus. A higher GIR value indicates increased insulin sensitivity and lower insulin resistance. GIR of healthy control animals was determined to be within a reference range of [10.6–21.3] with a median of 15.2 mg/kg/min. In comparison, the CS group had a median of 5.4 mg/kg/min; whereas the diestrus group exhibited a median of 8.9 mg/kg/min. Insulin resistant animals suffering from CS and undergoing diestrus demonstrated reductions of 65 and 40% in GIR, respectively; thus indicating differences in degree of insulin insensitivity can be discerned using the EHGC method.

著者

Takeshi IZAWA Miyuu TANAKA Mika AOKI Fumihito OHASHI Jyoji YAMATE Mitsuru KUWAMURA

出版者

公益社団法人 日本獣医学会

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.12-0207, (Released:2012-07-06)

被引用文献数

2

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A 16-year-old male mixed-breed dog was euthanized due to progression of renal failure caused by renal adenocarcinoma in the left kidney. Apart from main symptomatic lesion, accumulation of transparent jelly-like fluid was observed between the right femoral muscles. Gross examination of the right hindlimb revealed multiple nodules in the articular surface and capsule of the stifle joints, which extended into the crural muscles. Histopathologically, the joint and intermuscular masses were characterized by variously-sized hypocellular nodules consisting of spindle to stellate cells suspended in an abundant myxoid matrix. There were cystic structures within the intermuscular masses, lined by synoviocyte-like cells. Based on the gross and histopathologic findings, the case was diagnosed as synovial myxoma with extensive intermuscular infiltration. Synovial myxoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of dogs with myxomatous tumor between skeletal muscles, even in absence of joint or muscle symptoms.

著者

Tsubota Kenmei

出版者

Kyoto University

巻号頁・発行日

2012-03-26

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新制・課程博士

著者

Ayako SHIRAKI Yuri HOJO Takuma TSUCHIYA Liyun WANG Takumi OHISHI Kazuhiko SUZUKI Kunitoshi MITSUMORI Makoto SHIBUTANI

出版者

公益社団法人 日本獣医学会

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.74, no.6, pp.801-804, 2012 (Released:2012-07-04)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

1 3

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A rare case of complex apocrine carcinoma displaying dominant myoepithelial proliferation developed in the right leg subcutis of a 10-year-old male dog. The major cell population consisted of diffusely proliferating p63-expressing neoplastic cells that were largely myoepithelial in origin co-expressing α-smooth muscle actin. A small portion of the cell population consisted of concomitant basal epithelial cells lacking α-smooth muscle actin expression. The minor population consisted of p63-negative apocrine gland cells that expressed cytokeratin 8. The myoepithelial cell population showed a rather stronger proliferation activity than did the apocrine epithelial population. Thus, this tumor might have been derived from basal epithelial cells characterized by more predominant myoepithelial differentiation than luminal apocrine epithelial differentiation.

著者

Miho TANAKA Akiko INOUE Kei YAMAMOTO Satoshi TAMAHARA Naoaki MATSUKI

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.74, no.6, pp.733-737, 2012 (Released:2012-07-04)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

2 5

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Necrotizing meningoencephalitis (NME), necrotizing leukoencephalitis (NLE) and granulomatous meningoencephalomyelitis (GME) are common idiopathic inflammatory central nervous system (CNS) diseases with unknown etiology in dogs. We previously showed that IgG autoantibodies in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of NME cases reacted to unknown brain proteins as well as to glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). In the present report, we evaluated the autoantibodies against transglutaminase2 (TG2) in the canine CNS diseases. CSF samples obtained from dogs with NME (n=19), NLE (n=7), GME (n=11) and miscellaneous CNS diseases (n=12) were subjected. CSFs from 20 healthy dogs were used as controls. Indirect fluorescent antibody test on the canine cerebrum revealed astrocyte-binding IgG in the CSF of NME. After absorption of the CSF with bovine GFAP, the CSF still possessed the reactivity to astrocytes. Double-color staining showed clear colocalization of the autoantibodies and anti-human TG2 rabbit polyclonal IgG. An immunoblot assay against human recombinant TG2 revealed anti-TG2 IgG in the CSF from dogs with NME, NLE and GME. The CSF of canine idiopathic encephalitis cases, notably of NME, tended to show high ELISA OD values against human recombinant TG2 compared to healthy controls. The presence of anti-TG2 autoantibodies in the CSF may contribute to the elucidation of the etiology of canine NME, NLE and GME.

著者

Chun-Ho PARK Daisuke KOJIMA Hitoshi HATAI Satoshi INOUE Toshifumi OYAMADA

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.74, no.6, pp.787-790, 2012 (Released:2012-07-04)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

3 5

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Traumatic neuroma of the cervical spinal cord was diagnosed in a 14-year-old male mixed-breed dog. A gross view showed two intradural extramedullary masses, measuring 1 and 0.6 cm in length and 0.7 and 0.4 cm in diameter, attached to the left side of the spinal cord at the level of the sixth and seventh cervical vertebrae. Microscopically, the cervical spinal masses comprised interlacing fascicles of axons and Schwann cells surrounded by collagenous stroma. Immunohistochemically, the fascicles were stained positively for neurofilament and S-100 proteins. Ultrastructurally, variably sized myelinated fibers and onion bulb-like structures were observed. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a traumatic neuroma in the cervical spinal cord of a dog.

著者

Meina TEI Kazuyuki UCHIDA James K. CHAMBERS Hiromi HARADA Masashi TAKAHASHI Ryohei NISHIMURA Manabu WATANABE Hiroyuki NAKAYAMA

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.74, no.6, pp.809-811, 2012 (Released:2012-07-04)

参考文献数

11

被引用文献数

1 6

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A 6-year-old female Labrador retriever presented with a mass in the right mammary gland, and swollen right inguinal and axillary lymph nodes. Fine needle aspiration biopsy suggested a malignant lipid-producing tumor, such as liposarcoma. Histopathologically, the neoplasms were solid, lobulated nests of atypical epithelial cells with a large amount of extracellular deposits of amyloid in both mammary gland and lymph nodes. The proliferating cells contained large cytoplasmic vacuoles, positive for oil red-O. These cells were immunopositive for cytokeratin (AE1/AE3) and β-casein and negative for SMA. The amyloid deposits were immunopositive for β-casein. These findings suggested that the proliferating cells secreted β-casein forming amyloid deposits. This is the first report of mammary lipid-rich carcinoma with extensive amyloid deposition derived from β-casein.

著者

Kozo NAKAMURA Taku MIYASHO Sachiko NOMURA Hiroshi YOKOTA Tetsuya NAKADE

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.74, no.6, pp.751-756, 2012 (Released:2012-07-04)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

10 21

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We performed proteomics analysis of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of healthy dogs and dogs with meningoencephalitis of unknown etiology (MUE). By comparing two-dimensional electrophoreses (2DE), an upregulated spot was found in MUE dogs. This protein was identified as a neuron-specific enolase (NSE) by analysis with MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. In comparing dot blots using an antibody against NSE, the NSE levels in the CSF of MUE dogs was significantly higher than that of the controls. NSE is a diagnostic marker of neuroendocrine tumors, brain injury and spinal cord trauma in humans. It seems that the NSE concentration in the CSF is increased by cellular destruction in canine encephalitis. Though elevation of NSE may not be specific in canine encephalitis because the NSE level was increased in other CNS diseases, further study including measurement with serum is necessary.

著者

三並 敏克

出版者

立命館大学

雑誌

政策科学 (ISSN:09194851)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, no.3, pp.181-203, 2006-03

著者

Dong-In JUNG Ju-Won KIM Hee-Myung PARK

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.74, no.6, pp.765-769, 2012 (Released:2012-07-04)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

2 6

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A 4-year-old intact female Pekingese dog was presented with ataxia and seizure episodes. Based on magnetic resonance imaging and cerebrospinal fluid analysis results, meningoencephalitis of unknown etiology was suspected. The present case survived for 1,096 days under cyclosporine plus prednisolone therapy and was definitively diagnosed with necrotizing meningoencephalitis. This report describes the clinical findings, serial magnetic resonance imaging characteristics and pathologic features of a necrotizing meningoencephalitis and long-term survival after cyclosporine with prednisolone therapy.

著者

橋本 陽介 石橋 豊

出版者

一般社団法人電子情報通信学会

雑誌

電子情報通信学会総合大会講演論文集

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2007, no.2, 2007-03-07

著者

Takahiro KOMATSU Hidetomo IWANO Masashi EBISAWA Ai WATABE Yoshifumi ENDO Kazuko HIRAYAMA Hiroyuki TANIYAMA Tsuyoshi KADOSAWA

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.74, no.6, pp.719-726, 2012 (Released:2012-07-04)

参考文献数

35

被引用文献数

1 4

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Cytological diagnosis is not generally conclusive enough to identify histopathological malignancy in canine mammary tumors (CMTs). To establish cytological examination using fine needle biopsy (FNB) samples, gene expressions of hormonal receptors, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), and transcription regulators (Special AT-rich binding protein 1: SATB1 and Snail) were investigated in both tissue and FNB samples of CMTs. In tissue samples of malignant CMTs, especially invasive ones, low expressions of hormonal receptors and high expressions of SATB1 and Snail were detected. On discriminant analysis of tissue samples, 73.2% of CMTs were correctly classified according to histopathological examinations. In FNB samples of malignant CMTs, low expressions of hormonal receptors were detected. On discriminant analysis of FNB samples, 74.2% of CMTs were correctly classified according to histopathological examination. In conclusion, FNB gene expressions had a utility for diagnosis of CMTs malignancy in some degree. By researching more sensitive genes for malignant CMTs, the gene examination of FNB samples from CMTs will become a useful diagnostic tool that can be performed easily without anesthesia and could predict tumor malignancy and invasion prior to surgical removal.

著者

佐藤 大 杉浦 彰彦 米村 恵一

出版者

一般社団法人電子情報通信学会

雑誌

電子情報通信学会技術研究報告. IE, 画像工学 (ISSN:09135685)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.106, no.537, pp.51-54, 2007-02-16

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本研究は認知症の予防に対する作り笑いの可能性を探ることを目的としている.本稿では,作り笑いがストループ効果と顔表面温度に与える影響について述べる.はじめに実験で用いた作り笑いじゃんけんシステム,笑み筋体操およびストループ効果について述べる.実験ではストループ効果を指標として用いて,作り笑いじゃんけん評価実験を行い,認知症の予防に対する作り笑いの可能性を示した.次に笑み筋体操顔表面温度変化実験を行い,笑み筋体操によって顔の表面温度を上昇させることを示した.