著者

落合 邦康 今井 健一 岡本 尚

出版者

特定非営利活動法人 日本歯周病学会

雑誌

特定非営利活動法人 日本歯周病学会学術大会 プログラムおよび講演抄録集 第51回秋季日本歯周病学会学術大会プログラムおよび講演抄録集

巻号頁・発行日

pp.343, 2008 (Released:2008-10-14)

著者

陳 イ紋 長澤 敏行 牛田 由佳 梅田 誠 竹内 康雄 井上 芳徳 岩井 武尚 石川 烈 和泉 雄一

出版者

特定非営利活動法人 日本歯周病学会

雑誌

特定非営利活動法人 日本歯周病学会学術大会 プログラムおよび講演抄録集 日本歯周病学会50周年記念大会プログラムおよび講演抄録集

巻号頁・発行日

pp.71, 2007 (Released:2007-08-31)

著者

今井 健一 落合 邦康 岡本 尚

出版者

特定非営利活動法人 日本歯周病学会

雑誌

特定非営利活動法人 日本歯周病学会学術大会 プログラムおよび講演抄録集 第51回秋季日本歯周病学会学術大会プログラムおよび講演抄録集

巻号頁・発行日

pp.344, 2008 (Released:2008-10-14)

著者

中田実 山田公平

出版者

コミュニティ政策学会

雑誌

コミュニティ政策 (ISSN:1348608X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, pp.83-97, 2007 (Released:2013-03-28)

参考文献数

52

著者

伊藤 修一郎

出版者

日本政治学会

雑誌

年報政治学 (ISSN:05494192)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, pp.229-244, 2003-12-25 (Released:2009-12-21)

著者

小形 真平 早川 弘基 海谷 治彦 海尻 賢二

出版者

日本ソフトウェア科学会

雑誌

コンピュータ ソフトウェア (ISSN:02896540)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.1, pp.1_147-1_160, 2015-01-26 (Released:2015-02-11)

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e-commerceサイト等のWebシステムにおいて,ユーザは一般にミスや心変わりから値を頻繁に再入力するため,目的を達成するまで入力値を一時保存する入力保存機能は役立つ.しかし,本機能は上流工程で決定される入力値の作成/更新タイミング等に依存するが,本機能の分析・設計を支援する方法はない.本論文は,入力保存機能を含めた画面遷移モデルを表せるようにUML記法を拡張し,画面遷移とシナリオを表す方法とユーザの入力する値の量を見積るユーザビリティ評価方法を提案する.そして,提案方法の有効性を示すため,手動ではユーザの入力負担を定量的に算出し,どの程度改善できそうかを示すことが困難であることと,提案方法で見積った値の高さとユーザが感じる負担の大きさは順序的に関係があることを実験にて実証し,提案方法による開発者の負担が従来方法(手動プロトタイピング)と比べて低いことを実験結果に基づいた考察により示した.

著者

長谷部 言人

出版者

日本人類学会

雑誌

人類學雜誌 (ISSN:00035505)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.6, pp.297-299, 1940 (Released:2010-06-28)

著者

剱田 侑希 門田 佳子 鈴木 小夜 青森 達 小林 典子 高木 彰紀 手塚 淑人 大谷 壽一 中村 智徳

出版者

一般社団法人日本医療薬学会

雑誌

医療薬学 (ISSN:1346342X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.2, pp.117-123, 2014-02-10 (Released:2015-02-10)

参考文献数

23

被引用文献数

1 2

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In advanced pharmacy practice experiences (APPE) in community pharmacies in Japan, students are not always satisfied with over-the-counter (OTC) counseling practice. Aiming to improve the quality of such practice, we conducted a questionnaire survey of 167 students after their APPE to assess student satisfaction and the current status and problems they experienced with OTC counseling practice. The results revealed that opportunities for practice differed among sites. While 27.8% of students had experienced selling OTC drugs to patients, 11.4% of students carried out no selling, shadowing or role play (RP). The difference arose also in student satisfaction. As expected, most students who experienced selling OTC drugs to patients rated the practice most favorably, especially students who had experienced consultation sales obtained higher satisfaction. On the other hand, most students who experienced both shadowing and RP but not the opportunity to sell OTC drugs also rated the practice quite positively; in particular, students who had more than six opportunities for shadowing and RP rated the practice favorably. In conclusion, although OTC counseling is not well practiced during APPE, mainly because of limited opportunities to sell OTC drugs, student satisfaction may be improved by introducing and increasing opportunities for shadowing and RP.

著者

今西 孝至 南谷 怜亜 中野 愼治 髙山 明

出版者

一般社団法人 日本臨床救急医学会

雑誌

日本臨床救急医学会雑誌 (ISSN:13450581)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, no.5, pp.687-692, 2014-10-31 (Released:2015-01-24)

参考文献数

20

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災害時には持病の悪化が考えられる。災害時マニュアルでは災害発生に備えてあらかじめ準備しておく必要があるツールを設定しているが,項目数が多いために全てを準備できないのが現状である。そこで今回,災害時に悪化しやすいと考えられる高血圧,糖尿病,腎疾患,気管支喘息,関節リウマチに注目し,患者・医療従事者に対して一般的ツールおよび疾患別支援ツールの比較検討,さらに医薬品の備蓄の必要性について調査を行った。その結果,一般的ツールでは両群間で必要度に大きな差は見られなかったが,疾患別支援ツールについては一部の項目で患者群よりも医療従事者群で必要度を高く評価しており,有意な差が認められた。また,医薬品の備蓄については両群ともに必要と回答した。このことから,日頃の病態コントロールは医療従事者に依存している傾向が示唆され,災害時に備えて病態をコントロールする意識を患者に持ってもらう必要があると考える。

著者

寺西 正充 森山 史就 原 直之 安食 健一 園山 智宏 横手 克樹 平野 榮作 後藤 澄子 岩成 治

出版者

一般社団法人 日本臨床救急医学会

雑誌

日本臨床救急医学会雑誌 (ISSN:13450581)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, no.5, pp.670-674, 2014-10-31 (Released:2015-01-24)

参考文献数

6

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常用薬の服用に関連する緊急入院症例に対する薬剤管理指導業務の内容を検討し,今後の業務改善に役立てることを目的として,2010年1月から2012年12月までの3年間に入院した患者について発現症状と原因薬剤,薬剤師の介入などを後方視的に調査した。入院症例数は10,152例,常用薬の服用を確認できた症例は4,095例,常用薬による症状・徴候が原因で入院したと思われる症例は142例,薬剤師が積極的に原因究明に介入した症例は31例であった。主な原因の多くは副作用(疑い)で,発現症状は電解質異常,循環器障害,出血徴候などが多かった。その原因薬剤として,血圧降下薬(利尿薬を含む),漢方薬,血液凝固阻止薬,抗血小板薬,糖尿病用薬などがあった。薬剤師が介入して常用薬や服薬状況などの情報を収集・評価して医師へ情報提供することで,より的確な診断と治療を行うために有用であるとともに医師の業務負担の軽減につながると推察された。

著者

徳永 豊 長谷川 博

出版者

日本経営診断学会

雑誌

日本経営診断学会論集 (ISSN:18834930)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2, pp.49-61, 2002-09-30 (Released:2010-06-15)

参考文献数

35

著者

大会準備委員会

出版者

公共選択学会

雑誌

公共選択の研究 (ISSN:02869624)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2000, no.35, pp.45-54, 2000-12-15 (Released:2010-10-14)

著者

萩原 清子

出版者

日本地域学会

雑誌

地域学研究 (ISSN:02876256)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, pp.185-211, 1985-12-31 (Released:2008-10-10)

参考文献数

31

被引用文献数

2

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During the periods of high economic growth, outmigration from agricultural and mountain villages to urban areas increased rapidly. As a result overpopulation in the urban areas and depopulation in rural areas have become social problems.The rural areas play a very important role particularly in supplying food, conserving national land, cultivating the head sources of a stream and conserving the natural environment. However, it has become difficult to manage the community and these areas have not been able to play the abovementioned roles in depopulated areas. Therefore, the Japanese government has taken a number of measures to promote rural areas and alleviate some of the problems. In this paper the depopulation problem is considered from the viewpoint of local finance. Attention is paid particularly to the role of intergovernmental grants.Firstly, using a concept of local public goods, the inefficiency which results from free migration is considered. If in moving from one region to another a migrant does not account for the effect of his moving on the tax price of the public good of residents in the region he leaves or enters, Tiebout type of decentralized free market equilibria may not be Pareto-efficient. And if this externality is not internalized by centralized decision-making, the one region may be overpopulated and the other underpopulated. In the framework of a simple model the source of inefficiency of resource allocation is shown. Using the same model the analysis is extended to consider the role for intergovernmental grants in the face of such inefficiencies. And it is suggested that the central government may be justified in using a system of intergovernmental grants to overcome these inefficiencies.In order to explore the role of intergovernmental grants, the model is applied to Agatsuma district of Gunma Prefecture, a district which includes a number of the depopulated towns and villages. Firstly, settled accounts of revenue and expenditure from 1965 F. Y. to 1982 F. Y. are investigated. The percentage of transfer payments including grants from both the Japanese government and the government of Gunma Prefecture has become very large since the laws of the depopulated areas enforced. Secondly, principal expenditures are determined for each town and village. In each town expenditure on education and promotion for agriculture and construction account for a very large percentage of total expenditure. Finally, the level of components which constitutes residents' utility is examined. There is still a difference between the levels of many components in this district and those in the other region.From the above results it is shown that the situation is going to a desired direction by various measures, particularly intergovernmental grants. However, in some areas there is still a possibility of the situation deteriorating. Therefore, it is necessary to allocate intergovernmental grants carefully as well as encouraging each local government to work autonomously.

著者

菅野 純

出版者

一般社団法人日本リスク研究学会

雑誌

日本リスク研究学会誌 (ISSN:09155465)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.3, pp.169-174, 2011 (Released:2012-03-27)

参考文献数

6

被引用文献数

1

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After the crisis of Fukushima Daiichi nuclear reactors, the media started to broadcast comments of radiation doctors and researchers saying “there is no harm up to 100mSv”, “it would be worse for your health if you do not take proper amount of exercises or green vegetables by avoiding radiation”, “smoking is much worse than the current levels of radiation”, some of them were totally against the decades-long efforts of the toxicologist who have been campaigning the harmful effects of smoking, poor exercise, low vegetable intake, etc. These comments can be given as a “Mund Therapie” given by a doctor to a patient in a hospital, only to the people who were, unfortunately, exposed to radiation. The source of confusion of the public was such a sudden change in radiation risk information which is very different from ICRP-based radiation protection guidance. Here, differences and similarities of radiation and chemical in biology, risk assessment, risk management and risk communication are briefly discussed as a starter for a closer interaction between radiation and chemical biologists/scientists/regulators.

著者

趙 丁選 山田 宏尚 加藤 英寿 武藤 高義

出版者

一般社団法人 日本フルードパワーシステム学会

雑誌

日本フルードパワーシステム学会論文集 (ISSN:18803121)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.7, pp.141-148, 2002-11-15 (Released:2011-03-03)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

1

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This study deals with a calculation method for the forward kinematics of a 3 DOF parallel link manipulator. As a method for such a calculation, up to the present, the Newton method, or Newton-Raphson method alternatively, has been generally used. Nevertheless, this method is difficult to apply to on-line control systems, since it requires significant computation time and a large capacity of computer memory for calculations. In this study, therefore, a new algorithm for calculating forward kinematics is proposed. Fundamentally, the algorithm consists of two processes. The first is to calculate in a very short time an approximate solution of the kinematics. The second is to compensate the approximate solution in order to obtain the accurate one. It was confirmed that the computation time for the new algorithm was decreased to as little as 1/69-1/81 that for the Newton method. It was also confirmed experimentally that the algorithm was successfully applicable to an on-line control system.

著者

中村 好徳 金子 真 林 義朗 莟 博行 山田 明央

出版者

日本暖地畜産学会

雑誌

日本暖地畜産学会報 (ISSN:2185081X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.2, pp.181-194, 2012-09-28 (Released:2012-12-29)

参考文献数

36

被引用文献数

1

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褐毛和種去勢雄牛(4頭,8~9ヵ月齢)を用いて,配合飼料無給与で暖地型牧草(バヒアグラスなど)放牧地と寒地型牧草(イタリアンライグラス)放牧地で周年放牧育成(草地育成期間:293日)後,放牧を続けながら自家産のサイレージ(トウモロコシと大豆の混植)を併給する肥育方法により飼養(草地肥育期間:248日)し産肉性と肉質を調査した.放牧期間中の1日増体量は,草地育成期間で0.35 ±0.03 kg/日,草地肥育期間で1.02 ±0.10 kg/日であった.供試牛の血液性状は飼料成分(特に生草)の変化に顕著な影響を受け,季節変動が激しかったが正常値範囲内の変化に留まった.供試牛は26.8 ±1.0ヵ月齢で体重676 ±50 kgで出荷され牛枝肉格付評価はB-2であった.また,屠畜後の内臓廃棄率は0%であった.本研究で調査された食肉科学および栄養学的データを他の慣行肥育牛のデータと比較検討することにより,褐毛和種去勢雄牛の草地肥育牛は,1)産肉性として,‘まえばら’と‘そともも’の発育が良好であること,2)肉質として,ほとんどの部分肉の脂質含量が和牛肉と乳用肥育牛肉の間に位置すること,β-カロテン含量が高くコレステロール含量と脂肪酸組成のn-6系多価不飽和/n-3系多価不飽和比率が低いことが明らかになった.これらのことから褐毛和種去勢雄牛の草地肥育における産肉性や肉質の特徴が明らかになった.

著者

Toshiyuki Yasui Kunihiko Hayashi Kazue Nagai Hideki Mizunuma Toshiro Kubota Jung-Su Lee Shosuke Suzuki

出版者

日本疫学会

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JE20140124, (Released:2015-01-31)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

13

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Background: The prevalence and risk factors for endometriosis may differ according to diagnosis methodologies, such as study populations and diagnostic accuracy. We examined risk profiles in imaging-diagnosed endometriosis with and without surgical confirmation in a large population of Japanese women, as well as the differences in risk profiles of endometriosis based on history of infertility.Methods: Questionnaires that included items on sites of endometriosis determined by imaging techniques and surgical procedure were mailed to 1025 women who self-reported endometriosis in a baseline survey of the Japan Nurses’ Health Study (n = 15 019).Results: Two hundred and ten women had surgically confirmed endometriosis (Group A), 120 had imaging-diagnosed endometriosis without a surgical procedure (Group B), and 264 had adenomyosis (Group C). A short menstrual cycle at 18–22 years of age and cigarette smoking at 30 years of age were associated with significantly increased risk of endometriosis (Group A plus Group B), while older age was associated with risk of adenomyosis (Group C). In women with a history of infertility, a short menstrual cycle was associated with a significantly increased risk of endometriosis in both Group A and Group B, but risk profiles of endometriosis were different between Group A and Group B in women without a history of infertility.Conclusions: Women with surgically confirmed endometriosis and those with imaging-diagnosed endometriosis without surgery have basically common risk profiles, but these risk profiles are different from those with adenomyosis. The presence of a history of infertility should be taken into consideration for evaluation of risk profiles.

著者

NAOMICHI OGIHARA HIDEKI AMANO TAKEO KIKUCHI YUSUKE MORITA KUNIHIRO HASEGAWA TAKANORI KOCHIYAMA HIROKI C. TANABE

出版者

日本人類学会

雑誌

Anthropological Science (ISSN:09187960)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.141109, (Released:2015-01-29)

被引用文献数

4 15

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In order to discuss possible differences in brain anatomy between Neanderthals and early modern humans, the original antemortem appearance of fossil crania that enclosed the brain must somehow be correctly restored, as soft tissues such as the brain are generally not fossilized. However, crania are typically fractured, fragmented, and deformed due to compaction and diagenesis. Furthermore, recovery of all component fragments of fossil crania is rare. Restoration of the brain morphology of fossil crania therefore necessitates correct assembly of the available fragments, eliminating distortions, and compensating for missing parts as a first step. This paper reviews the current status of computerized reconstruction methods, then provides an overview and future directions toward digital reconstruction of fossil crania and the associated brain morphology.

著者

N. TAYLES S.E. HALCROW T. SAYAVONGKHAMDY V. SOUKSAVATDY

出版者

日本人類学会

雑誌

Anthropological Science (ISSN:09187960)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.141013, (Released:2015-01-29)

被引用文献数

9

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This paper describes a human skeleton from a rock-shelter in northeast Laos, dated to ~7000 BP. It was excavated in 2004 and moved en bloc to the Laos National Museum in Vientiane. Here we report observations made from the in situ skeleton. The burial is the largely complete but slightly damaged remains of a tall, middle-aged, probable male buried on his side in a flexed position. His teeth were heavily worn and one was infected but otherwise there is no evidence of poor health. We were not able to make an assessment of biological affiliation. In comparison with the very small samples of approximately contemporary skeletal remains from the wider region around the middle Mekong, it is clear that the burial position and dental health were not unusual, but that he was very tall for that period of prehistory.

著者

田平 博嗣

出版者

一般社団法人 日本人間工学会

雑誌

人間工学 (ISSN:05494974)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.50, no.Supplement, pp.S94-S95, 2014-06-05 (Released:2014-09-05)