著者

時実 象一 杉浦 友哉

出版者

情報知識学会

雑誌

情報知識学会誌 (ISSN:09171436)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.2, pp.86-92, 2010-05-15 (Released:2010-07-10)

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Web 上のホームページを収集して保存・公開する Web アーカイブは最近注目を集めている。米国の Internet Archive の Wayback Machine はこの分野のパイオニアで、1996 年からわが国を含め世界の Web ページを収集して公開している。ここに収集されているわが国の数機関のホームページを経年的に比較調査し、それら機関の情報発信の状況を分析した。

著者

松尾 俊郎

出版者

日本地理教育学会

雑誌

新地理 (ISSN:05598362)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, no.3-4, pp.290-297, 1959-03-25 (Released:2010-02-26)

出版者

日本静脈経腸栄養学会

雑誌

静脈経腸栄養 (ISSN:13444980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.3, pp.SUP20-SUP20, 2013 (Released:2013-06-25)

著者

宮武 正幸

出版者

一般社団法人 色材協会

雑誌

色材協会誌 (ISSN:0010180X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.6, pp.281-288, 1971-06-30 (Released:2012-11-20)

参考文献数

20

著者

仲 新

出版者

一般社団法人 日本教育学会

雑誌

教育学研究 (ISSN:03873161)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.2, pp.39-51, 1956-06-25 (Released:2009-01-13)

参考文献数

8

著者

宮縁 育夫 杉山 真二 佐々木 尚子

出版者

公益社団法人 東京地学協会

雑誌

地学雑誌 (ISSN:0022135X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.119, no.1, pp.17-32, 2010-02-15 (Released:2010-05-21)

参考文献数

51

被引用文献数

10 11

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Holocene environmental changes and vegetation history are constructed using phytolith and macroscopic-charcoal analyses of a 23-m-deep drilling core obtained at the Senchomuta marsh in Asodani Valley, northern part of Aso caldera, SW Japan. An intra-caldera lake existed in the Asodani Valley prior to approximately 9 cal ka (calibrated 14C age). Multiple large flood events occurred during the period 8.9-8.1 cal ka and emplaced thick sandy deposits in the valley basin. Thereafter, the center of the Asodani Valley (northern part of caldera floor) changed to swampy and fluvial environments. sasa (cool-temperature dwarf bamboo) grasslands and/or forests with understory sasa covered slopes of the Asodani Valley basin between 11 and 9 cal ka. sasa phytoliths significantly increased at ca. 7.3-6.5 cal ka, but thereafter decreased. Miscanthus (Japanese pampas grass) grasslands existed continuously on the slopes. Macroscopic-charcoal particles were abundant during the last 6000 years, and the peak (6.1 cal ka) amount of charcoal particles is consistent with that of Miscanthus phytoliths. This indicates that the existence of Miscanthus grassland might be related to fire events. Inside the Asodani Valley, Phragmites (reed) became established continuously along the shore of the intra-caldera lake (prior to ca. 9 cal ka) and in subsequent marshes. Gramineae phytoliths were detected predominately through all horizons of the drilling core, whereas a small amount of arboreal phytolith was observed at most horizons. We, therefore, believe that forests existed on steep slopes such as the caldera wall where human impacts were small, although sasa and Miscanthus grasslands were maintained by human activity outside Aso caldera.

著者

Wendy OLSEN Hisako NOMURA

出版者

数理社会学会

雑誌

理論と方法 (ISSN:09131442)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, no.2, pp.219-246, 2009-09-30 (Released:2010-03-30)

参考文献数

40

被引用文献数

1

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This paper examines the results of economic poverty reduction modelling in selected countries 1992-2002 using the fuzzy set method (fsQCA) and the crisp set method (csQCA). The fsQCA and csQCA are the two main configurational comparative methods (CCM). This paper primarily focuses on making sensitivity assessments of the fsQCA and csQCA results. The outcomes of CCM based on the truth table algorithm are determined by the calibration of the set-relation membership score as well as the outcome variable of the interim truth table (called the consistency cutoff). Calibration of the raw data into crisp- and fuzzy-set membership scores based on theoretically and empirically grounded establishment of thresholds has been emphasised as it shapes the truth table algorithm. Thus, like previous studies of sensitivity assessment we focus on calibration. However this paper shows how to determine the balance of consistency and coverage outcomes based on various cutoff points as being highly important for a sensitivity assessment. We argue that the optimal consistency cutoff point helps us optimally determine the configurational multiple causality. The outcomes of fsQCA and csQCA are considered in relation to the balance of consistency and coverage. The robustness of the results of the truth table algorithm depends on the balance of consistency and coverage. Using poverty reduction as a dependent variate, we compare the two methods which are both useful.

著者

Satoshi Yoshida Takashi Uemura Takuya Kida Tatsuya Asai Seishi Okamoto

出版者

Information and Media Technologies 編集運営会議

雑誌

Information and Media Technologies (ISSN:18810896)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, no.1, pp.129-140, 2012 (Released:2012-03-15)

参考文献数

32

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We address the problem of improving variable-length-to-fixed-length codes (VF codes). A VF code that we deal here with is an encoding scheme that parses an input text into variable length substrings and then assigns a fixed length codeword to each parsed substring. VF codes have favourable properties for fast decoding and fast compressed pattern matching, but they are worse in compression ratio than the latest compression methods. The compression ratio of a VF code depends on the parse tree used as a dictionary. To gain a better compression ratio we present several improvement methods for constructing parse trees. All of them are heuristical solutions since it is intractable to construct the optimal parse tree. We compared our methods with the previous VF codes, and showed experimentally that their compression ratios reach to the level of state-of-the-art compression methods.

著者

野間 万里子

出版者

地域農林経済学会

雑誌

農林業問題研究 (ISSN:03888525)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.1, pp.23-32, 2010 (Released:2012-02-24)

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This report clarifies the development of cattle fattening and its prerequisite in the prewar days in Shiga Prefecture, particularly its technical and economical aspects. During the period concerned, we should notice that the cattle had usually passed more than 5 years as farming cattle before fattening. The present analysis can be summarized as follows: (1) Regarding the fattening technique, cattle breeders classified their cattle into three categories, according to their form before fattening, thick or thin. Feed and fattening period varied with the category. That is, the condition in which cattle were kept greatly affected their worth as beef cattle. (2) Regarding the ideal beef cattle, cattle breeders developed fattening technique with the aim of marbling. In the late Meiji era, fat lumps were regarded as tokens of well fattened cattle, but in the early Showa, fat lumps seemed to be regarded as flaws. All the fat was demanded to be mixed in red meat. (3) Regarding the balance of cattle fattening, cattle breeders could expect certain profit, although before the introduction of fattening, keeping cattle brought expenditure.

著者

Yoshiki Sekijima

出版者

日本神経学会

雑誌

臨床神経学 (ISSN:0009918X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.50, no.11, pp.836-836, 2010 (Released:2011-03-28)

被引用文献数

1 1

著者

秋保 良太 杉本 尚哉 武田 紘一 野口 洋介 三浦 得太郎

出版者

一般社団法人 日本機械学会

雑誌

日本機械学会論文集C編 (ISSN:18848354)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.79, no.806, pp.3979-3992, 2013 (Released:2013-10-25)

参考文献数

11

被引用文献数

2 2

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Transferred arc oscillates in an alternating magnetic field imposed perpendicularly to the arc. The amplitude of oscillatory arc motion can be varied easily by adjusting the magnetic flux density. The heat flux distribution can be controlled by changing the wave form of the magnetic field. Using such magnetically driven arc, the authors developed a novel heat treatment system which consisted of a device for the generation of DC arc, that for the formation of various types of magnetic field, a mechanism for travelling the work piece and water circuit for quenching the heated material. Heat treatments for the steel material of S45C were performed using different wave forms of the magnetic field. The magnetically driven arc was able to produce various patterns of drawing on the steel surface such as a single belt with broad width, two parallel straight lines with different spacing, a series of diamond form and two parallel wavy lines. It was confirmed that Vickers hardness increased more than three times after the heat treatment.

著者

河角 廣

出版者

公益社団法人 日本地震学会

雑誌

地震 第1輯 (ISSN:00371114)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.2, pp.29-32, 1944-02-18 (Released:2010-11-17)

著者

河角 廣 吉山 良一

出版者

公益社団法人 日本地震学会

雑誌

地震 第1輯 (ISSN:00371114)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, no.8, pp.415-442, 1934-08-15 (Released:2010-07-27)

参考文献数

27

著者

河角 廣

出版者

公益社団法人 日本地震学会

雑誌

地震 第1輯 (ISSN:00371114)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, no.3, pp.167-169, 1932-03-15 (Released:2010-11-17)

著者

高橋 修 加藤 聡彦 林 路子 清水 佳都子 千葉 康子 白濱 秋美 窪蔵 孝道 佐々木 啓吾 長嶋 敦 原 直 栗原 由紀子

出版者

日本緩和医療学会

雑誌

Palliative Care Research (ISSN:18805302)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.2, pp.901-906, 2013 (Released:2013-11-13)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

1

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【はじめに】がん難民「ゼロ」を目指す横浜市鶴見区の取り組みを報告する. 【現状】鶴見区内には, 区外・県外でがん治療を受ける患者も多いが, 治療終了後や状態悪化時には, 地元での療養を求められることも多い. 緩和ケア病床数は限られており, 緊急対応は困難である. 鶴見区では, 緩和ケアに積極的な診療所も多いが, 患者・家族の療養の場の希望は変化し, 最後まで在宅療養が可能とは限らない. 地域連携の拠点として「つるみ在宅ケアネットワーク」が組織され, 緩和ケアの充実を目標に活動している. 当院は専門施設として積極的に関与し, 診療所に対して緩和ケア提供状況をアンケートで把握, 在宅管理を依頼, 緊急時のバックアップを担保し, 基幹病院に対しては早期からの併診を求め, 円滑な移行を可能としている. 【課題】地域緩和ケア連携には専門施設が外来機能を強化し, 確実なバックアップを提供することが大切だが, 在宅スタッフのスキルアップ, 緩和ケアの啓蒙, 診々連携の構築が課題である.

著者

竹下 徹 奥平 敬元

出版者

公益社団法人 日本地震学会

雑誌

地震 第2輯 (ISSN:00371114)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.4, pp.453-467, 1995-01-24 (Released:2010-03-11)

参考文献数

79

被引用文献数

1

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Dynamics and thermal modeling in low-pressure/high-temperature metamorphic belts (LPMs) are reviewed. LPM found in the world is formed under such P-T conditions that the pressure is lower than that of the aluminosilicate (Al2SiO5) triple point (about 400MPa), and the peak temperature ranges between 500 and 700°C. Such anomalously high temperatures at relatively shallow depth indicate that the geothermal gradient in the upper crust exceeded 50°C km-1 at the time of LPM formation. Although the steady state geothermal gradients in the upper crust necessary for the formation of LPM could be reached by continuously supplying a huge amount of magma in the upper crust [OXBURGH and TURCOTTE (1971)], such a steady state model is unlikely because of no observation of entire melting of the lower crust which is the outcome of the steady state model. Rather, transient heat sources such as the intrusion of magma, circulation of hot fluid, subduction of young oceanic plate or spreading ridge and convective thinning of the mantle lithosphere have been proposed to be the possible heat sources for LPM. Based on the heat transfer calculations, the duration of high-temperature condition by the intrusion of magma which is several kilometer wide, is less than 1Ma, and that by the circulation of hot fluid is poorly constrained. Even in the thermal model where the highest-temperatures in the country rocks attained by the intrusion of magma are assumed to be recorded as the metamorphic temperatures, the volume of magma necessary for the formation of LPM is more than 50% of the total volume of the crust [HANSON and BARTON (1989)]. Among these thermal models of LPM, subduction of young oceanic plate or spreading ridge is a likely model of LPM, not only because there are many occurrences of LPM evolved from accretionary sedimentary piles at trench, but because the ridge subduction can cause volcanism in the forearc [e. g., DELONG et al. (1979)] in addition to the anomalous heat supply to sediments from the asthenosphere. In order to further constrain the dynamics and thermal model of LPM in future, the P-T path and the duration of low-pressure type metamorphism must be accurately estimated petrologically, and the relative timing between metamorphism and deformation must be thoroughly investigated.

著者

佐々木 喜一 木村 玲二 伊志嶺 正人 大田 守也

出版者

日本農業気象学会

雑誌

農業気象 (ISSN:00218588)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.1, pp.77-81, 2005 (Released:2006-07-21)

参考文献数

7

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Evapotranspiration from a sugar cane field was observed during the summer season in the Miyako Islands. Interpolation was also conducted for the data deficit period by using the bulk transfer coefficient and evapotranspiration efficiency, which were represented as a function of solar radiation and soil water content. Evapotranspiration was 6.4 mm day-1 in late June, and decreased gradually. It was under 3.5 mm day-1 (100 W m-2) at the end of October.

著者

黒川 洋行

出版者

日本EU学会

雑誌

日本EU学会年報 (ISSN:18843123)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2011, no.31, pp.102-126, 2011-07-20 (Released:2013-07-20)

参考文献数

23

被引用文献数

1 1

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The concept of the ‘Social Market Economy’ has been the main idea of the domestic economic governance during the post-war period in Germany. And it is also influenced by the Ordo-liberalism, which is mainly represented by Walter Eucken of the Freiburg School. This idea was first adopted as one of the purposes of the EU in the Treaty of Lisbon. But the meaning of this idea is not clearly defined in this treaty. Therefore, it might lead to the complicated discussion about the interpretation of this concept. This paper investigates possible meanings of ‘Social Market Economy’ in the Treaty of Lisbon. At first we take a close look at the exact definition and the theoretical framework of this thought on the original papers written by Alfred Müller-Armack, who was the initiator of this concept. The essential characteristic is the policy target, in which the balanced combination between the value of individual freedom and social fairness (or social security) should be found within the competitive market economic order. Several factors of this idea are transposed into the treaty. For example, economic policy of the member states must be made within the principles of the “open market” with “the free competition” (TFEU/Art. 119). And the independence of the ECB (TFEU/Art. 130) and “the stability of prices” (TEU/Art. 3-3) are so strictly established in the Union, that they build the important institutional framework from the view of the ordo-liberalism. To value the meanings of the concept of social market economy in the treaty, it is also important to point out, that we must consider the social aspects of the integration process. As the concluding remarks, we could say that the Social Market Economy is a ideal model or distinguishing marks for the economic system of the EU. But it depends on the practice by each of the member states, concerning the way, how they will approach the ideal goal of social market economy with their own policy measures.

著者

Samson Viulu Kohei Nakamura Akihiro Kojima Yuki Yoshiyasu Sakiko Saitou Kazuhiro Takamizawa

出版者

公益財団法人 応用微生物学・分子細胞生物学研究奨励会

雑誌

The Journal of General and Applied Microbiology (ISSN:00221260)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.5, pp.325-334, 2013 (Released:2013-11-08)

参考文献数

49

被引用文献数

21

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An ethanol-utilizing Fe(III)-reducing bacterial strain, OSK2AT, was isolated from a lotus field in Aichi, Japan. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences of OSK2AT and related strains placed it within Geobacter sulfurreducens PCAT. Strain OSK2AT was shown to be a Gram-negative, motile, rod-shaped bacterium, strictly anaerobic, 0.76−1.65 µm long and 0.28−0.45 μm wide. Its growth occurred at 20−40℃, pH 6.0−8.1, and it tolerated up to 1% NaCl. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 61.2 mol% and DNA-DNA hybridization value with Geobacter sulfurreducens PCAT was 60.7%. The major respiratory quinone was MK-8. The major fatty acids were 16:1 ω7c, 16:0, 14:0, 15:0 iso, 16:1 ω5c, and 18:1 ω7c. Strain OSK2AT could utilize H2, ethanol, acetate, lactate, pyruvate, and formate as substrates with Fe(III)-citrate as electron acceptor. Amorphous Fe(III) hydroxide, Fe(III)-NTA, fumarate, malate, and elemental sulfur were utilized as electron acceptors with either acetate or ethanol as substrates. Results obtained from physiological, DNA-DNA hybridization, and chemotaxonomic tests support genotypic and phenotypic differentiation of strain OSK2AT from its closest relative. The isolate is assigned as a novel subspecies with the name Geobacter sulfurreducens subsp. ethanolicus, subsp. nov. (type strain OSK2AT=DSMZ 26126T=JCM 18752T).