著者

edited by Anousha Sedighi and Pouneh Shabani-Jadidi

出版者

Oxford University Press

巻号頁・発行日

2018

著者

Jean-François Gibrat

出版者

The Biophysical Society of Japan

雑誌

Biophysics and Physicobiology (ISSN:21894779)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, pp.444-451, 2019 (Released:2019-11-29)

参考文献数

13

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This paper presents a preliminary work consisting of two contributions. The first one is the design of a very efficient algorithm based on an “Overlap-Layout-Consensus” (OLC) graph to assemble the long reads provided by 3rd generation technologies. The second concerns the analysis of this graph using algebraic topology concepts to determine, in advance, whether the assembly of the genome will be straightforward, i.e., whether it will lead to a pseudo-Hamiltonian path or cycle, or whether the results will need to be scrutinized. In the latter case, it will be necessary to look for “loops” in the OLC assembly graph caused by unresolved repeated genomic regions, and then try to untie the “knots” created by these regions.

著者

Yeong-Bin BAEK Mary Jasmin ANG Jun-Gyu PARK Do-Hyun YU Seungjo PARK Jae-Hyuk LEE Jihye CHOI Kyoung-Oh CHO

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.19-0386, (Released:2019-10-28)

被引用文献数

1

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An 18-year-old male Yorkshire Terrier was admitted with a history of neurological signs including dullness and progressive tetraparesis. Physical examination revealed bilaterally symmetrical alopecia and pot-bellied abdomen. Computed tomography and necropsy examination showed a mass across the frontal sinus and cerebral frontal lobe, bilateral adrenocortical hyperplasia, and hepatomegaly. Histopathologically, the tumor lesions consisted of sheets, nests, or cords of small- to medium-sized round-to-polyhedral cells. Adrenal cortex showed bilateral diffuse cellular proliferation, and some hepatocytes showed intracytoplasmic glycogen accumulation. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were positive for pancytokeratin, chromogranin-A, neuron-specific enolase, S100, synaptophysin, and thyroid transcription factor-1 but negative for microtubule-associated proein-2 and neurofilament, leading to the diagnosis of neuroendocrine tumor. These tumor cells were also positive for adrenocorticotropic hormone.

著者

Aryung NAM Taewon KIM Qiang LI Robert B. REBHUN Hwa-Young YOUN Kyoung-Won SEO

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.19-0043, (Released:2019-10-22)

被引用文献数

4

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The Hedgehog-GLI signaling pathway is activated in human and canine osteosarcoma (OSA) and represents a potential therapeutic target for cancers, including OSA. Arsenic trioxide represses GLI expression. Melarsomine, an arsenic compound–containing drug, has been approved for the treatment of canine heartworm disease. Hence, we hypothesized that melarsomine inhibits GLI signaling in canine OSA cell lines. The present study aimed to assess this hypothesis. Cell viability and colony formation were decreased in the canine OSA cell lines Abrams and D17 after treatment with melarsomine. Melarsomine-induced apoptotic cell death was assessed via cell cycle analysis using propidium iodide staining. Quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blot analyses revealed a downregulation of genes downstream of the Hedgehog signaling pathway, including GLI1, GLI2, and PTCH, after melarsomine treatment. The present results suggest that melarsomine exerts antitumor effects and serves as a GLI inhibitor in canine OSA cells. Additional studies are required to evaluate and confirm the anticancer effect and relevant therapeutic dose of melarsomine in vivo.

著者

Chiang-Soon Song

出版者

The Society of Physical Therapy Science

雑誌

Journal of Physical Therapy Science (ISSN:09155287)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.4, pp.403-405, 2013-04-25 (Released:2013-05-31)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

2 5

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[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effects of scapular stabilization exercise on function of the upper extremity of individuals with chronic hemiparetic stroke. [Subjects] Eleven chronic hemiparetic stroke patients participated in a scapular stabilization exercise program conducted in the sitting position for 30 min per session, 5 days per week, for 4 weeks. We used 3 clinical assessments: the Manual Function Test, the Berg Balance Scale, and the Modified Barthel Index. [Results] Manual Functional Test Scores for the paretic upper limb significantly improved after the scapular stabilization exercise program. However, Manual Function Test scores for the non-paretic upper limb did not significantly improve after the scapular stabilization exercise program. The Berg Balance Scale and the Modified Barthel Index scores did not significantly improved after scapular stabilization exercise program. [Conclusion] The results of this study suggest that scapular stabilization exercise can improve the function of the paretic upper extremity of individuals with chronic stroke. However, scapular stabilization exercise did not affect balance or basic daily activities.

著者

CHIEN Fang-Ching CHIU Yen-Chao

出版者

Meteorological Society of Japan

雑誌

気象集誌. 第2輯 (ISSN:00261165)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2019-057, (Released:2019-07-24)

被引用文献数

4

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This paper examines southwesterly flows and their relationship with rainfall in Taiwan during the warm seasons: spring, Mei-yu, and summer. We found that the percentage of southwesterly flow events in the lower troposphere was the highest in the Mei-yu season, followed by summer. When southwesterly flows occurred, chance of rain greatly rose in Mei-yu and summer and mean rain intensity increased for all three seasons. In northern Taiwan, the percentage of southwesterly flow appearance was the highest in spring and decreased over warm seasons, while the trend reversed in southern Taiwan. Southwesterly flows formed in spring primarily due to a deepening mid-latitude trough over eastern China. Rain in Taiwan increased during southwesterly flow events when the Pacific subtropical high retreated eastward and the trough moved closer to Taiwan. In the Mei-yu season, there was greater moisture and the formation of southwesterly flows was more equally contributed to by the mid-latitude trough and the southwestward extending Pacific high than in spring. The southwesterly flow axis was located roughly over Taiwan. This flow axis shifted southeastward as the Pacific subtropical high weakened. At the same time, the high moisture zone covered the northern South China Sea and the entire island of Taiwan. As a result, moisture-laden air was transported to the Taiwan area by the strong southwesterly flow, providing favorable conditions for continuous rain in Taiwan. In summer, southwesterly flows formed when the Pacific high extended southwest and a low/tropical cyclone moved over southeastern China. Rain tended to be more intense when the low was stronger and closer to Taiwan.

著者

寺澤 洋子 星-芝 玲子 柴山 拓郎 大村 英史 古川 聖 牧野 昭二 岡ノ谷 一夫

出版者

日本認知科学会

雑誌

認知科学 (ISSN:13417924)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.1, pp.112-129, 2013-03-01 (Released:2014-11-20)

参考文献数

34

被引用文献数

2

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Music induces a wide range of emotions. However, the influence of physiological functions on musical emotions needs further theoretical considerations. This paper summarizes the physical and physiological functions that are related to musical emo-tions, and proposes a model for the embodied communication of musical emotions based on a discussion on the transmission of musical emotions across people by sharing move-ments and gestures. In this model, human with musical emotion is represented with (1) the interfaces of perception and expression (senses, movements, facial and vocal expressions), (2) an internal system of neural activities including the mirror system and the hormonal secretion system that handles responses to musical activities, and (3) the musical emotion that is enclosed in the internal system. Using this model, mu-sic is the medium for transmitting emotions, and communication of musical emotions is the communication of internal emotions through music and perception/expression interfaces. Finally, we will discuss which aspect in music functions to encourage the communication of musical emotions by humans.

著者

加藤 浩平 岩岡 朋生 藤野 博 Kohei KATO Tomoki IWAOKA Hiroshi FUJINO 加藤 浩平(東京学芸大学) 岩岡 朋生(東京都立八王子特別支援学校) 藤野 博(東京学芸大学) Kohei KATO(Tokyo Gakugei University) Tomoki IWAOKA(Tokyo Metropolitan Hachioji Special-Needs Education School) Hiroshi FUJINO(Tokyo Gakugei University)

出版者

東京学芸大学学術情報委員会

雑誌

東京学芸大学紀要. 総合教育科学系 = Bulletin of Tokyo Gakugei University (ISSN:18804306)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.1, pp.489-497, 2019-02

著者

Lin Wei JONG Takayuki FUJIWARA Hisayoshi NOZAKI Shin-ya MIYAGISHIMA

出版者

The Japan Academy

雑誌

Proceedings of the Japan Academy, Series B (ISSN:03862208)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.93, no.10, pp.832-840, 2017-12-11 (Released:2017-12-11)

参考文献数

31

被引用文献数

7

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Volvocine algae constitute a green algal lineage comprising unicellular Chlamydomonas, four-celled Tetrabaena, eight to 32-celled Gonium, and others up to Volvox spp., which consist of up to 50,000 cells. These algae proliferate by multiple fissions with cellular growth up to several fold in size and subsequent successive cell divisions. Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cells produce two to 32 daughter cells by one to five divisions, depending on cellular growth in the G1 phase. By contrast, in this study, we found that Tetrabaena socialis and Gonium pectorale cells mostly produced four and eight daughter cells by two and three successive divisions, respectively. In contrast to C. reinhardtii, which is committed to cell division when the cell has grown two-fold, T. socialis and G. pectorale are committed only when the cells have grown four- and eight-fold, respectively. Thus, our results suggest that evolutionary changes in cellular size for commitment largely contributes to the emergence and evolution of multicellularity in volvocine algae.

著者

WATANABE Shun-ichi I. MURATA Akihiko SASAKI Hidetaka KAWASE Hiroaki NOSAKA Masaya

出版者

Meteorological Society of Japan

雑誌

気象集誌. 第2輯 (ISSN:00261165)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2019-045, (Released:2019-04-15)

被引用文献数

9

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This study evaluates possible changes in tropical cyclone (TC) precipitation over Japan under a future warmer climate using an ensemble projection generated by a non-hydrostatic regional climate model with a resolution of 5 km (NHRCM05) under the RCP8.5 scenario. NHRCM05 reproduces TC precipitation and TC intensity more accurately than does a general circulation model with a resolution of 20 km. The number of TCs approaching Japan is projected to decrease under the future climate, while the TC precipitation rate increases. As these two effects cancel each other out, total TC precipitation, and the frequency of the moderate TC precipitation that is usual under the present climate, show no significant change. On the other hand, the frequency of extreme TC precipitation increases significantly because the intensification in the TC precipitation rate outweighs the reduction in TC frequency. The increase in the TC precipitation rate is caused primarily by the increase in water vapor around the TCs, which in turn results from the change in environmental water vapor. The intensification and structural changes to TCs also contribute to the enhanced TC precipitation.

著者

Wen-Ta LI Chih-Ching WU Yang-Chang TU Wei-Hsiang HUANG Hui-Wei CHANG Victor Fei PANG Chian-Ren JENG Chen-Hsuan LIU

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.18-0696, (Released:2019-07-30)

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A one-year-old male Maltese terrier presented with mild ataxia and disorientation for 4 months. Over time, clinical signs progressed from paraparesis to non-ambulatory tetraparesis, voice change and dysphagia. Histological examination revealed concurrent leukoencephalomyelitis and polyneuritis. Infectious etiologies, including dengue, Japanese encephalitis, Zika, canine distemper, pseudorabies, rabies, toxoplasmosis, neosporosis, leishmaniasis, and encephalitozoonosis, were ruled out by PCR and/or immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. IHC tested on neurological tissues highlighted a heterogeneous population of infiltrating T and B lymphocytes admixed macrophages. Therefore, this case was diagnosed with current leukoencephalomyelitis and polyneuritis, resembling combined central and peripheral demyelination (CCPD), an autoimmune inflammatory demyelinating disease affecting both the CNS and PNS in humans.

著者

Yasumi Kimura Hitomi Suga Satomi Kobayashi Satoshi Sasaki the Three-Generation Study of Women on Diets and Health Study Group

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JE20190010, (Released:2019-06-22)

参考文献数

48

被引用文献数

14

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Background: Depression in elderly people is a major global concern around the world. Epidemiological evidence of the association of beverages with depressive symptoms has received research attention; however, epidemiological studies on the association of coffee and green tea with depressive symptoms for the elderly population are limited. The objective of this study is to cross-sectionally examine the association of depressive symptoms with the intake of coffee, green tea and caffeine and to verify the antidepressant effect of caffeine.Methods: The subjects were 1992 women aged 65–94 years. Intakes of coffee, green tea and caffeine as well as depressive symptoms were assessed with a validated brief dietary history questionnaire (BDHQ) and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), respectively. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for depressive symptoms with adjustments for potential confounders.Results: Coffee intake was associated with a lower prevalence of depressive symptoms, the ORs of which for the 4th vs. the 1st quartiles of intake was 0.64 (95% CI 0.46-0.88, P for trend = 0.01) in a fully adjusted model. Caffeine intake was marginally associated with depressive symptoms, but the association was not statistically significant (OR = 0.75; 95% CI 0.55–1.02, P for trend = 0.058).Conclusion: The result suggests that the inverse association on depressive symptoms might be expected not only caffeine intake but also some other substances in coffee or factors related to coffee intake. Because of its cross-sectional design, longitudinal studies are required to confirm the present finding.

著者

Atsushi Ishihara Kana Ando Anna Yoshioka Koichi Murata Yu Kokubo Noriko Morimoto Naoki Ube Yukinori Yabuta Makoto Ueno Shin-ichi Tebayashi Kotomi Ueno Kumiko Osaki-Oka

出版者

Pesticide Science Society of Japan

雑誌

Journal of Pesticide Science (ISSN:1348589X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.2, pp.89-96, 2019-05-20 (Released:2019-05-20)

参考文献数

36

被引用文献数

10

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We investigated the effect of treatment with hot water extracts from the spent mushroom substrates (SMSs) of Lentinula edodes and Hypsizygus marmoreus on the resistance of rice leaves to Pyricularia oryzae infection. The spraying of the SMS extracts clearly suppressed the development of lesions caused by Py. oryzae infection. The accumulation of phytoalexins momilactones A and B, oryzalexin A, and sakuranetin was markedly induced by the spraying of extracts. The enhanced expression of defense related genes PR1b and PBZ was also found in leaves sprayed with the extracts. Treatments with the extracts also affected phytohormone levels. The levels of N6-(Δ2-isopentenyl)adenine and trans-zeatin markedly increased in response to treatment, whereas the levels of salicylic and jasmonic acids were largely unchanged.

著者

Hirotomo Moriwaki Yu-Shi Tian Norihito Kawashita Tatsuya Takagi

出版者

The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan

雑誌

Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:00092363)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, no.5, pp.426-432, 2019-05-01 (Released:2019-05-01)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

3

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Quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) techniques, especially those that possess three-dimensional attributes, such as the comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA), are frequently used in modern-day drug design and other related research domains. However, the requirement for accurate alignment of compounds in CoMFA increases the difficulties encountered in its use. This has led to the development of several techniques—such as VolSurf, Grid-independent descriptors (GRIND), and Anchor-GRIND—which do not require such an alignment. We propose a technique to construct the prediction model that uses molecular interaction field grid potentials as inputs to convolutional neural network. The proposed model has been found to demonstrate higher accuracy compared to the conventional descriptor-based QSAR models as well as Anchor-GRIND techniques. In addition, the method is target independent, and is capable of providing useful information regarding the importance of individual atoms constituting the compounds contained in the chemical dataset used in the proposed analysis. In view of these advantages, the proposed technique is expected to find wide applications in future drug-design operations.

著者

西濵 里英 松島 至俊 HUANG Ya-wen 近藤 晃一 坂本 直久 大西 範和 斎藤 真 大平 肇子 小松 美砂 長谷川 智之 松岡 敏生

出版者

一般社団法人 日本人間工学会

雑誌

人間工学 (ISSN:05494974)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.Supplement1, pp.S264-S265, 2017-06-01 (Released:2017-09-07)

著者

Tetsuro Kono Takao Kuwada-Kusunose Tomohiko Hirayama Kunihiro Suzuki

出版者

Research Institute of Oral Science, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo

雑誌

International Journal of Oral-Medical Sciences (ISSN:13479733)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, no.3-4, pp.81-85, 2019-03-20 (Released:2019-03-30)

参考文献数

21

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Most mammals possess microstructural decussation in the tooth enamel. The HunterSchreger bands(HSB)are the important microstructure created by differently directed enamel prisms, as observed under a reflective light microscope. The prism decussation of some rhinocerotoids reveals that HSB run vertically along the axis of the tooth. The boundary between the bands is definite in the tangential section. Teleoceras is an extinct rhinocerotoid that was commonly found in the Miocene area of North America. Our observations revealed vertical prism decussation in the inner two-thirds to four-fifths of the Teleoceras molar enamel. The prisms strongly twisted on each axis, and the path of each prism undulated at the border of the bands. Their relative relations revealed inclinational changes and displacement to the adjacent zone of the HSB. Reconstructed threedimensional images were used for complementation of microscopic observations.

著者

by V.A. Livshits translated from the Russian by Tom Stableford edited by Nicholas Sims-Williams

出版者

published on behalf of Corpus Inscriptionum Iranicarum by School of Oriental and African Studies

巻号頁・発行日

2015

著者

Kohei Kaku Jisoo Lee Michaela Mattheus Stefan Kaspers Jyothis George Hans-Juergen Woerle on behalf of the EMPA-REG OUTCOME® Investigators

出版者

日本循環器学会

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.81, no.2, pp.227-234, 2017-01-25 (Released:2017-01-25)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

1 106

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Background:In the EMPA-REG OUTCOME®trial, empagliflozin added to standard of care reduced the risk of 3-point major adverse cardiovascular (CV) events (3-point MACE: composite of CV death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, or non-fatal stroke) by 14%, CV death by 38%, hospitalization for heart failure by 35%, and all-cause mortality by 32% in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and established CV disease. We investigated the effects of empagliflozin in patients of Asian race.Methods and Results:Patients were randomized to receive empagliflozin 10 mg, empagliflozin 25 mg, or placebo. Of 7,020 patients treated, 1,517 (21.6%) were of Asian race. The reduction in 3-point MACE in Asian patients was consistent with the overall population: 3-point MACE occurred in 79/1,006 patients (7.9%) in the pooled empagliflozin group vs. 58/511 patients (11.4%) in the placebo group (hazard ratio: 0.68 [95% confidence interval: 0.48–0.95], P-value for treatment by race interaction (Asian, White, Black/African-American): 0.0872). The effects of empagliflozin on the components of MACE, all-cause mortality, and heart failure outcomes in Asian patients were consistent with the overall population (P-values for interaction by race >0.05). The adverse event profile of empagliflozin in Asian patients was similar to the overall trial population.Conclusions:Reductions in the risk of CV outcomes and mortality with empagliflozin in Asian patients with T2DM and established CV disease were consistent with the overall trial population.

著者

Yu Fukuoka El-Sayed Khafagy Takahiro Goto Noriyasu Kamei Kozo Takayama Nicholas A. Peppas Mariko Takeda-Morishita

出版者

The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan

雑誌

Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:09186158)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.5, pp.811-814, 2018-05-01 (Released:2018-05-01)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

24

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In previous studies we showed that the complexation hydrogels based in poly(methacrylic acid-g-ethylene glycol) [P(MAA-g-EG)] rapidly release insulin in the intestine owing to their pH-dependent complexation properties; they also exhibit a high insulin-loading efficiency, enzyme-inhibiting properties, and mucoadhesive characteristics. Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs), such as oligoarginines [hexa-arginine (R6), comprising six arginine residues], have been employed as useful tools for the oral delivery of therapeutic macromolecules. The aim of our study was to investigate the combination strategy of using P(MAA-g-EG) hydrogels with R6-based CPPs to improve the intestinal absorption of insulin. A high efficiency of loading into crosslinked P(MAA-g-EG) hydrogels was observed for insulin (96.1±1.4%) and R6 (46.6±3.8%). In addition, immediate release of the loaded insulin and R6 from these hydrogels was observed at pH 7.4 (80% was released in approximately 30 min). Consequently, a strong hypoglycemic response was observed (approximately 18% reduction in blood glucose levels) accompanied by an improvement in insulin absorption after the co-administration of insulin-loaded particles (ILP) and R6-loaded particles (ALP) into closed rat ileal segments compared with that after ILP administration alone. These results indicate that the combination of P(MAA-g-EG) hydrogels with CPPs may be a promising strategy for the oral delivery of various insulin preparations as an alternative to conventional parenteral routes.

著者

Kai-Yu Ho Brooke Laskowski Danielle Garcia Christensen J. Hardy Emilio Puentedura

出版者

The Society of Physical Therapy Science

雑誌

Journal of Physical Therapy Science (ISSN:09155287)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.31, no.1, pp.116-121, 2019 (Released:2019-01-29)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

3

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[Purpose] To establish a standardized sonographic approach to quantify anterior translation of the mandibular condyle during mouth opening by examining the reliability of image acquisition and processing, and to understand how anterior condylar translation contributes to mouth opening. [Participants and Methods] Twenty-eight participants without temporomandibular disorder (TMD) participated. During day 1 of data collection, all participants performed maximal mouth opening while an examiner recorded anterior condylar translation using sonography. The mouth opening range of motion was also obtained. On day 2 of data collection, the same procedure was performed on 6 participants that participated in day 1 of data collection. To establish reliability of image processing, 3 examiners measured condylar translations on 2 separate days. To determine reliability of image acquisition, images obtained from 2 days of data collection were analyzed. [Results] Excellent intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs) and small standard errors of measurement (SEMs) for image acquisition and processing were shown. A significant, linear model was found to describe the relationship between condylar anterior translations and mouth opening. [Conclusion] Anterior condylar translation during mouth opening can be reliably measured using sonography. The linear relation between condylar motion and mouth opening can be used to guide clinical practices.