著者

髙山 史徳 鍋倉 賢治

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, no.4, pp.269-279, 2018-08-01 (Released:2018-07-18)

参考文献数

78

被引用文献数

1 1

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Marathon running performance closely related to the several physiological and performance variables such as maximal oxygen uptake, running economy, and peak velocity. It is well known that muscle damage has a negative impact on the physiological and performance variables. Thus, restarting training or participating in the race in a state where recovery is inadequate may cause injury and loss of race performance. The aims of this review article are to (1) summarize the previous studies that investigated effects of a marathon race on muscle damage and physiological and performance variables, (2) discuss the middle and long term effects of marathon races on physical condition, (3) suggest the practical strategy for some runners that participate in consecutive races within a short period.

著者

関 哲司

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, no.4, pp.219-224, 1964-12-01 (Released:2010-09-30)

参考文献数

6

著者

久野 譜也 村上 晴香 馬場 紫乃 金 俊東 上岡 方士

出版者

The Japanese Society of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.Supplement, pp.17-29, 2003-08-01 (Released:2010-09-30)

参考文献数

36

被引用文献数

9 6

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The ability to walk is just as important for the elderly as it is for young people. In fact, in the elderly, decreased mobility limits function in daily life and can lead to more serious situations (e.g., becoming bedridden) . The elderly population has increased over the last decade, and many researchers have studied the mobility of the elderly. However, the focus of most studies has been to facilitate recovery of bedridden individuals and prevent the elderly from becoming bedridden, and particularly to prevent fall-induced fractures, which often cause the elderly to become bedridden. However, about 70-80% of the elderly population do not require care, and it is necessary to conduct research on the maintenance of activities of daily living to make it possible for the elderly to work or volunteer. From this perspective, mobility is an important physical factor. Mobility is dependent on muscle activity and it has long been known that aging reduces muscle mass. Therefore, it is feasible to assume that reduced muscle mass leads to decreased ability to walk, and we have proven that there is a close correlation between the two. When presenting the idea of strength training to the elderly, it is appropriate to focus on the maintenance and improvement of mobility, not on the training itself. The results of our research can be summarized as follows:Muscle mass decreases with age, with the legs being affected to a greater degree than the arms. Moreover, muscle atrophy is dependent on weakening of muscle fibers, especially fast-twitch (Type II) fibers. Reduced lower limb muscle mass increases the risk of falling and can decrease walking ability to a degree that can affect daily living activities.In order to improve reduced muscle mass in aging, it is important to use an exercise program that is designed to strengthen fast-twitch fibers, which can be followed even by the elderly. Since walking therapy mostly mobilizes slow twitch fibers, it is not effective in preventing and improving muscle atrophy. It is important to have an exercise program that is designed to mobilize fast-twitch fibers.

著者

安保 徹

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.1, pp.4, 2010 (Released:2010-04-16)

著者

吉岡 伸彦 宮下 充正

出版者

日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科學 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.6, 1986-12-01

著者

池崎 和海 芝口 翼 杉浦 崇夫 宮田 浩文

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.5, pp.345-354, 2017-10-01 (Released:2017-09-29)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

1

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Although icing treatment has been well accepted as aftercare in sports fields, the detailed mechanisms of the treatment is not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the effect of icing treatment on the recovery process of rat plantaris muscles with artificially induced muscle damage. Sixty male Wistar rats (8-weeks-old) were randomly assigned to three groups; control (CTL), bupivacaine-injected (BPVC), and icing treatment after BPVC (ICE). Icing treatment was applied for 20 min immediately after BPVC, and the treatment was used once per day for 3 days. The plantaris muscles were removed at 3, 7, 15, and 28 days after the muscle damage, then immunohistochemical and real time RT-PCR analysis were performed. In histochemical analysis, although significant changes were found in the relative muscle weight, cross-sectional area of muscle fiber, percentage of muscle fiber with central nuclei, and expressed immature myosin heavy chain isoforms after muscle damage, as compared to the CTL group, no differences were found between BPVC and ICE groups. In mRNA expression analysis, the ICE group had a significantly lower value of MyoD than the BPVC group at 3 days after the damage. Expression of IL-6 mRNA, which relates to muscle inflammation, indicated significantly higher value in BPVC, but not in ICE, than CTL groups at 7days after the damage. Furthermore, BKB2 receptor, which relates to acute muscle soreness, indicated a significantly higher expression in BPVC than ICE groups at 3 days after the damage. These results suggest that icing treatment is effective to suppress muscle inflammation and soreness at an early stage of recovery from damage, but not effective for muscle regeneration at a later stage.

著者

下村 吉治

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.1, pp.16, 2013 (Released:2013-02-14)

参考文献数

8

著者

山地 啓司

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.3, pp.171-184, 2017-06-01 (Released:2017-05-17)

参考文献数

71

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As the intensity of exercise becomes higher, increases in the oxygen uptake (VO2) and cardiac output (Q) start to level off, and they will enter a steady state. However, the pulmonary ventilation (VE) continues to increase in an exponential manner even after the VO2 and Q level-off. After exercising to extreme fatigue, the oxygen used by the respiratory muscles (VO2) increases to 10 to 16% of the VO2max. In this situation, the respiratory muscles use the oxygen that would have been allocated to the active muscles because the oxygen used for the entire body is already in a steady state. Therefore, overexercising must be discontinued due to a shortage of oxygen for the active muscles (in the legs); amount of O2 debt has reached its limit. Since the total amount of oxygen that can be taken into the body remains constant, the enhancement of the respiratory muscles and their functions (including the respiratory efficiency (VE/VO2)) in advance is expected to improve their endurance. Several previous studies suggested that respiratory muscle training (RMT) enhances the endurance of subjects. Furthermore, recent studies suggested that RMT not only enhances endurance, but also improves the physical elements of significantly intense exercise (including speed, muscle strength, and power) performed for a short period of time. It is necessary to conduct further research to clarify the mechanism of RMT in the improvement of physical performance. RMT is not expected to improve the VO2max, and the following are possible causes of the improvement of performance: improvements in the respiratory muscles and efficiency (VE/VO2), a subsequent decrease in the blood lactate concentration, and subjective respiratory distress and sense of fatigue in the active muscles.

著者

古市 泰郎 井上 菜穂子 増田 和実

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, no.4, pp.261-267, 2018-08-01 (Released:2018-07-18)

参考文献数

18

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Carnitine is well recognized for transporting fatty acids across the mitochondrial membrane; however, studies conducted in the last decade have highlighted another role of carnitine in buffering the excess of mitochondrial acetyl-CoA, an intermediate metabolite of beta-oxidation and glycolytic metabolism. Although acetyl-CoA is an essential metabolite, excess accumulation of acetyl-CoA inhibits pyruvate dehydrogenase, resulting in negative regulation of glucose uptake. In this situation, carnitine binds to acetyl-CoA and is converted to acetylcarnitine, resulting in a decrease in acetyl-CoA levels. It has been demonstrated that carnitine acetylation is essential for glucose homeostasis, and that its dysfunction, caused by aging and high-fat feeding, induces metabolic failure. To analyze carnitine dynamics in skeletal muscle, we have used imaging mass spectrometry to visualize the distribution of acetylcarnitine in rodent skeletal muscle and performed tracing experiments using isotopic labeled carnitine. It was shown that carnitine uptake and acetylation were elevated in oxidative muscles, and that they were dynamically controlled by muscle contraction. Recent studies using cell culture experiments demonstrated that acetylcarnitine is exported from skeletal muscle cells. It is hypothesized that muscle carnitine acetylation in skeletal muscle is not only beneficial for buffering the excess acetyl-CoA, but also plays in the endocrine system. In fact, previous work has shown that plasma acetylcarnitine concentration increases during exercise in humans, suggesting that the acetylcarnitine produced during muscle contraction may be released from muscle cells to serve different functions. In this article, we reviewed the novel roles of carnitine in skeletal muscle by analyzing carnitine dynamics.

著者

石井 好二郎 吉川 貴仁

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.1, pp.146-146, 2016 (Released:2016-01-24)

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, no.6, pp.718-719, 2015 (Released:2015-12-11)

著者

小野 くみ子 天岡 寛 関 和俊 岡本 武志 小野寺 昇

出版者

日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科學 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.2, 2005-04-01

著者

白井 伊三郎 脇阪 一郎 佐藤 伝 百束 千恵子

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.1, pp.6-12, 1963-03-01 (Released:2010-09-30)

参考文献数

8

著者

葛原 憲治 井口 順太 柴田 真志

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.1, pp.139-145, 2012 (Released:2012-03-14)

参考文献数

23

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Collegiate American football injuries for two year seasons in Japanese Kansai Division I team were analyzed using injury rates (IR) per 1000 athlete-exposures (1000AE: one athlete-exposure was defined as a player participating in one game or one practice.), especially focusing on lower limb injuries. The overall game injury rate (GIR: 38.3) was significantly higher than practice injury rate (PIR: 13.1) (X2=12.355, p < 0.05). The difference between GIR in 2008 season (50.8) and in 2007 season (25.7) was significant (X2=8.235, p < 0.05). The lower extremity injuries approximately occupied 60% of all injuries, especially GIRs of both ankle inversion sprains (3.8) and anterior cruciate ligament (ACL: 3.3) injuries being much higher. PIR in this study was higher than the rates of collegiate American football teams in the U.S.A., especially PIRs of knee ligament injuries (ACL and medial collateral ligament injuries) and ankle sprains (inversion and eversion sprains) being much higher. Regarding the occurrence of injury, GIR with contact in ACL injuries (2.8) and GIR without contact in ankle inversion sprains (2.4) were the highest. It is also necessary to change practice plans and circumstances so that the PIR of knee and ankle injuries could be reduced. Research is needed on injury prevention for knee and ankle injuries in the games and practices.

著者

高田 和子

出版者

日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科學 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.56, no.2, pp.287-290, 2007-04-01

被引用文献数

1

著者

宝田 雄大 高沢 晴夫 石井直 方

出版者

日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科學 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.6, 1997-12-01

著者

本間 保男 阿部 岳 白井 暢子 森下 幸治

出版者

日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科學 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.5, 1993-10-01

著者

今村 貴幸 松田 真幸 横山 貴 加藤 健志 酒井 健介 杉浦 克己 寺尾 保

出版者

日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科學 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.6, 2003-12-01

著者

村上 郁磨 友金 明香 進藤 宗洋 田中 宏暁

出版者

日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科學 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.6, 2004-12-01

著者

中嶋 佳子 小澤 礼子 川原 貴

出版者

日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科學 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.6, 2005-12-01