著者

後藤 隆文 仲田 惣一 浅井 武 高橋 雄介 中原 康雄 青山 興司 田中 信一郎 藤原 拓造 津島 知靖 新 良治 瀬野 祐子 清水 順也 谷口 正廣 岸口 武寛

雑誌

日本小児腎不全学会雑誌 : 小児腎不全研究会記事 (ISSN:13415875)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, pp.156-158, 2009-08-31

著者

夏原 隆之 中山 雅雄 加藤 貴昭 永野 智久 吉田 拓矢 佐々木 亮太 浅井 武

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.1, pp.71-85, 2015 (Released:2015-06-13)

参考文献数

31

被引用文献数

4 3

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Some of the mechanisms underlying superior performance in sports may be clarified by investigating the role of visual information in the execution of particular responses by expert athletes. The aim of this study was to examine how soccer players process visual information when executing a tactical pass in a 4 vs. 4 attacking play scenario. To identify the cognitive processes operating during task execution, we measured eye movement and correlated it with verbal reports from players. The subjects comprised 30 soccer players with differing proficiencies (15 “experts” and 15 “sub-experts”). 2 tests were carried out: a test to evaluate the level of passing skill, and a decision-making test to evaluate the reproducibility of tactical passing and the accuracy of passes aimed to specific locations. Eye movements were measured during the decision-making test. Furthermore, in each trial of the decision-making test, verbal reports were collected. These related to how and why participants decided to pass the ball to any particular player among the 4 attackers on screen and, in order to determine their best judgment, how they captured the play situation and what they paid attention to. The results revealed that for execution of the pass, the experts were significantly more proficient at passing accurately to the aimed location, and their passing judgment was more reproducible in comparison to the sub-experts, although both groups had a uniform level of passing skill in terms of pass execution. In addition, eye movement data obtained during pass execution confirmed that in the play observation phase, while experts maintained their line of sight on other objects, they also maintained a longer gaze on defensive players to identify gaps between them. Also in the ball approach phase, the experts maintained a longer gaze on the player who was judged to be the best choice for receiving an accurate pass. These observations suggest that the superior passing performance of expert soccer players is attributable to accurate and efficient extraction of visual information and utilizing it in the context of their accumulated knowledge base.

著者

松倉 啓太 浅井 武

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.58, no.1, pp.277-296, 2013 (Released:2013-06-08)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

2

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It is believed that the success of the goalkeeper (GK) in saving difficult shots by diving is a key factor in soccer because it can influence the outcome of the game to a large extent. However, the most appropriate way to exert force during the diving motion according to the course of the shot from either leg is still unclear. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to clarify the fundamental mechanism of a GK's diving motion according to the height and distance of the shot. We performed an experiment in which 11 university GKs participated. They were asked to dive toward balls set at 3 different heights located a short or a long distance from the GK. By examining the GKs' diving motions, we calculated the ground reaction force (GRF), joint angular velocity, and joint torque. The results indicated that the magnitude of the GRF under both legs and the direction of the GRF under the ball-side (BS) leg differed with the ball height. We also found that a higher dive by the GKs corresponded to a larger counter-movement of the contralateral-side (CS) leg and a higher stopping power of the BS leg in order to increase the vertical velocity, and more exertion of extension torques at the hip and foot for takeoff compared to those in lower dives. Furthermore, a lower dive of the GKs corresponded to a larger angular impulse of the BS hip adduction after the BS leg touched the ground. These findings suggest that during the takeoff part of the diving motion of a GK, depending on the ball height, the CS leg controls the magnitude of power and the BS leg controls both the magnitude and the direction of power in order for the GK to dive directly towards the ball.

著者

平嶋 裕輔 中山 雅雄 内藤 清志 浅井 武

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.2, pp.805-816, 2014 (Released:2014-12-20)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

3

---

The purpose of this study was to clarify the principal factors related to shot situations that affect the outcome of goalkeeping saves in soccer and to build a regression formula that would predict the difficulty of saving a shot. The samples were 551 shots at goal in the 2010 FIFA World Cup in South Africa. The shots data were collected using game performance analysis. For statistical processing, the principal factors affecting the outcome of a save in soccer were revealed using logistic regression analysis. The principal factors that influenced the results of a save attempt were: the duration between initiation of the shot and when the ball reached the goal, the presence or absence of a defender in front of the shooter, the presence or absence of a defender located lateral or posterior to the shooter, the part of the body used to perform the shot, i.e. the head or the leg, the type of shot, i.e., a liner, a lob, or a grounder, the shot course in a mediolateral direction, the shot course in a vertical direction, the presence or absence of a change in the direction of the shot by other players, the shooter's position angle in relation to the goal line and the line from the goal post to the shooter, and the distance from the center of the goal to the ball when the ball reached the goal line. In addition, a regression formula was constructed to predict the difficulty of the save by combining the odds ratios of the main factors. It was verified that the difficulty in making a save could be accurately predicted using the regression formula (84.8%). As a future task, using our regression formula, it would be practically important to develop predictors for evaluating the ability of a goalkeeper.

著者

浅井 武 岩村 喜信 新居 章 浅井 芳江

出版者

特定非営利活動法人 日本小児外科学会

雑誌

日本小児外科学会雑誌 (ISSN:0288609X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.4, pp.944-948, 2017-06-20 (Released:2017-06-20)

参考文献数

19

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Anterior cutaneous nerve entrapment syndrome(ACNES)は腹壁痛の原因として認知されておらず,本邦における小児の報告例はほとんど認めない.今回ACNESの2例を経験したので報告する.症例1,14歳,女児.運動中に右下腹部痛を発症した.血液・画像検査で異常なくCarnett’s test陽性であった.症状増悪あり腹直筋鞘ブロック施行するも効果なく受診後4か月で神経切除術を施行した.症例2,9歳,男児.原因不明の右下腹部痛あり,病悩期間は9か月であった.画像検査は異常なくCarnett’s test陽性にてACNESを疑った.手術希望あり神経切除術を施行した.ACNESは近年報告例が増加しており潜在的な症例数は多い可能性がある.検査所見は異常なく身体所見で疑うため疾患を認知することが重要である.局所注射も効果があるが,神経切除術が根治的で有効な治療と考える.

著者

松倉 啓太 浅井 武

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.2, pp.317-326, 2009-12-10 (Released:2010-02-13)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

2

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The present study investigated the area covered by soccer goalkeepers during diving motions (reaching area). Goalkeepers were asked to dive towards the ball in accordance with a directional indicator that presented random electronic displays. To examine the characteristics of goalkeepers' diving motion toward each position of the ball, the time needed to reach the ball (reaching time) was measured, as well as the velocity and trajectory of the diving motion. Comparison of the reaching time for each ball height (upper, medium, and low) when each goalkeeper dived for only a short distance revealed statistically significant differences in attempts to stop the ball, the times increasing in the order medium, upper, low height. When a goalkeeper dived longer distances, there was a significant difference in the reaching time, which increased in the order medium, low, and upper height. No significant differences in reaching time were observed between the left and right sides for the same distances and heights. These results suggest that for short distances, more time is needed for relatively lower heights, whereas for longer distances, more time is needed to reach balls at relatively high levels. In terms of the velocity of the diving motion, when the center point between the shoulders was measured with the ball at longer distances, there was a trend for an acceleration phase to start 0.3 s after the directional indicator had been shown. It slowed temporarily at 0.5 s and then resumed. Meanwhile, when attempting to stop the ball at shorter distances, there was a trend for only one phase of acceleration without any stepping action (i.e., taking a running start). Moreover, temporal changes in the center position of the hand (the third metacarpophalangeal joint) that touched the ball were used to create a diagram depicting the estimated range of time needed to reach the ball. This diagram was able to clarify differences in reaching area with respect to ball height and distance.

著者

津越 智雄 浅井 武

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.2, pp.565-576, 2010 (Released:2010-12-28)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

5

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This study examined the physique, physical fitness and motor ability of soccer players, especially junior youth and youth players of “J-League” clubs, using relatively common field test items in accordance with the Japan Football Association (JFA) Physical Measurement Guidelines (2006). We also compared the physique, physical fitness and motor ability between those who were promoted and those who retired from clubs for each generational category (top team group and second team group for the professional category) in an attempt to identify factors that significantly influence selection to higher categories. The study subjects were 213 male soccer players who were affiliated to a team (aged 19 years or older) in the Japan Professional Soccer League (J-League) or its subsidiary clubs, including the youth team (16-18 years) and the junior youth team (13-15 years), between 2006 and 2008. All subjects were compared for the following items: body height, body weight, percentage body fat, 10-m run, 30-m run, 50-m run, shuttle run (10 m×5), STEP 50, vertical jump, standing five-step jump, and multi-stage shuttle run. The measurements were also compared between those who were promoted and those who retired from the club for each category using the t-test and discrimination analysis. The results revealed that the factors of physique, physical fitness and motor ability that significantly influenced the promotion or retirement of junior youth and youth players were those related to physique (especially body weight), speed and agility. Power-related factors were more important in youth players, but were less influential than the above-mentioned factors. The influence of endurance-related factors appeared to be even smaller. The field test items used in the present study are considered valuable for use in training practice in that they can be performed relatively easily and allow selective factors for each category to be determined to some extent.

著者

浅井 武 瀬尾 和哉 小林 修

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.1, pp.29-38, 2007-01-10 (Released:2007-04-19)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

3 3

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When the boundary layer of a sports ball undergoes the transition from laminar to turbulent flow, a drag crisis occurs whereby the drag coefficient (Cd) rapidly decreases. However, the aerodynamic properties and boundary-layer dynamics of a soccer ball are not well understood. Here we showed that the critical Reynolds number (Recrit) of a soccer ball was 2.2 - 3.0 × 105. Wind-tunnel testing, along with visualization of the dynamics of the boundary layer and the trailing vortex of a ball in flight clearly demonstrated that both non-spinning and spinning curved balls had low Cd values in the supercritical region. We also showed that the Recrit of a soccer ball was lower than that (approximately 3.5 - 4 × 105) of a smooth sphere, due to the effects of its panels; this indicated that the aerodynamic properties of a soccer ball were between those of a smooth ball and a golf ball. Lateral images taken during high-speed kicking of a spinning curve ball (26 m/s; 8 rps) revealed that the separation point was approximately 120° from the front-stagnation point. In addition, the boundary layer between the top and bottom surfaces of the ball became turbulent. Top-view images taken during curved kicking (27 m/s; 7 rps) showed vortex deflection due to the effects of a relative difference in fluid speed caused by the spinning. The curvature of the ball was largely attributed to a lateral force generated by vortex counteraction. However, although the separation point showed left-right asymmetry in relation to the direction of travel (top-bottom symmetry on the images), it was approximately 116° from the front-stagnation point, which was similar to the separation angle during high-speed kicking of a non-spinning ball. In addition, the boundary layer became turbulent and the vortex region shrank during high-speed kicking of a spinning ball.

著者

浅井 武 洪 性賛 小池 関也

出版者

筑波大学

雑誌

基盤研究(B)

巻号頁・発行日

2020-04-01

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本研究では,回転,及び無回転(低回転)で自由飛翔するスポーツボール(サッカー,バレー,ラグビー)の飛翔軌跡,非定常流体力,及び非定常渦構造を,3次元モーションキャプチャシステム,ボールインパクトロボット,表面流れ計測用特製ボール(タフトボール),高速カメラ,ステレオ流体可視化システム(Particle Image Velocimetry)を用いて高精度に同時計測し,ボール飛翔軌跡と,流体力,渦構造の関係を検討すると共に,ボールリリース時(インパクトを含む)の初期条件(直線運動と回転運動)やボール変形,打突形状が,ボール飛翔軌跡や非定常流体力に与える影響を明らかにする.

著者

高橋 和孝 篠原 秀典 吉田 拓矢 浅井 武

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育・スポーツ・健康学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.20076, (Released:2021-04-06)

著者

平嶋 裕輔 浅井 武 深山 知生 中山 雅雄

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.17088, (Released:2018-04-16)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

2

---

The present study was verify of reliability and validity the regression equation constructed using the game footage from the 2010 FIFA World Cup. Formulated using multivariate logistic regression analysis, this equation’s purpose was to predict the probability of a goalkeeper’s failure to stop shots at goal. The 2014 dataset consisted of 587 shots at goal from within the frames during 64 games played by 32 teams that participated in the FIFA World Cup in Brazil. The results showed that for the probability of failing to block a shot predicted by the regression equation, the two inter-rater interclass correlation coefficient was high (0.91), thus demonstrating reliability. Furthermore, when a contingency table was created with a cut-off value of 0.5, accuracy was high (85.9%); when an ROC curve was drawn and the area below the curve was measured (0.874), it was notably distinct, indicating generalizability. Therefore, the regression equation predicting the probability of failure to block a shot has high generalizability for predicting world-class goalkeepers’ probability of failure to block shots. This is considered a useful formula for evaluating goalkeepers’ blocking ability.

著者

鎌田 安久 浅井 武 栗林 徹

出版者

岩手大学

雑誌

岩手大学教育学部附属教育実践研究指導センター研究紀要 (ISSN:09172874)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, pp.107-118, 1997

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現在の欧州のサッカー先進国におけるチーム戦術や技能について集約して分析することが可能な欧州サッカー選手権をイギリス現地で6試合視察分析し,そのうち,今回は準々決勝のドイツ代表(vsクロアチア戦)と準決勝のイングランド代表(vsドイツ戦)の2チームを対象としゲーム分析を行った.また,その際,前回のスウェーデン大会の分析から考えられた1.指導上のポイントや2.日本の問題点についての視点も含めてゲーム分析をおこなった。その結果,3-5-2システムを基調とする組織的で戦術的にもチームの構成選手の能力を活かしたチームのゲーム展開が攻守に渡り観られた。また,指導上の重要な要因と考えられるポイントや日本で問題点とされる技術面についても高いパフォーマンスが認められた。

著者

青山 興司 中原 康雄 片山 修一 浅井 武 後藤 隆文

出版者

特定非営利活動法人 日本小児外科学会

雑誌

日本小児外科学会雑誌 (ISSN:0288609X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, no.6, pp.1018-1024, 2015-10-20 (Released:2015-10-20)

参考文献数

9

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現在,日本の鎖肛の手術においては,Pena 術式が広く使用されている.この手術には視野の展開が容易であるという非常に優れた点もあるが,排便機能に最も重要な括約筋群を切開するという致命的な欠陥がある.これらを考慮し各症例においてPena 手術が適応かどうかを十分に考慮した上で使用すべき,との結論に達した.

著者

松竹 貴大 實宝 希祥 門岡 晋 菅生 貴之 浅井 武

出版者

Japanese Society of Sport Psychology

雑誌

スポーツ心理学研究 (ISSN:03887014)

巻号頁・発行日

2016

---

Primary scientific data for evaluating information processing ability of the central nervous system that are associated with decision making was investigated in football players, by using event-related potentials (ERP; N200, P300) and reaction times. Participants were college football players who were winners of the all Japan university championship (n=8; Elites) and 8 graduate students with no football experience (n=8; Novices). They used an oddball paradigm consisting of a simple visual stimulus (Choice Reaction Task 1: CRT1) and an oddball paradigm consisting of a complex visual stimulus (Choice Reaction Task 2: CRT2). Results indicated that Elites had a significantly shorter reaction time than Novices in the CRT2. This finding corroborated many previous studies, and indicated that reaction times of Elites were faster than Novices. In addition, ERP (N200 and P300) was observed in all participants and there were no significant differences between the two groups in N200, or P300 latencies in the CRT1. However, Elites showed latencies that were significantly shorter than Novices in the CRT2. These results indicated that the process of evaluating and classifying stimuli was faster in Elites, suggesting that information processing ability of Elites was superior to Novices. In conclusion, this study identified basic scientific data on reaction times and ERP associated with evaluating information that are indicative of central nervous system processing ability associated with decision making by football players.

著者

平嶋 裕輔 中山 雅雄 内藤 清志 浅井 武

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.13106, (Released:2014-09-20)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

3

---

The purpose of this study was to clarify the principal factors related to shot situations that affect the outcome of goalkeeping saves in soccer and to build a regression formula that would predict the difficulty of saving a shot. The samples were 551 shots at goal in the 2010 FIFA World Cup in South Africa. The shots data were collected using game performance analysis. For statistical processing, the principal factors affecting the outcome of a save in soccer were revealed using logistic regression analysis. The principal factors that influenced the results of a save attempt were: the duration between initiation of the shot and when the ball reached the goal, the presence or absence of a defender in front of the shooter, the presence or absence of a defender located lateral or posterior to the shooter, the part of the body used to perform the shot, i.e. the head or the leg, the type of shot, i.e., a liner, a lob, or a grounder, the shot course in a mediolateral direction, the shot course in a vertical direction, the presence or absence of a change in the direction of the shot by other players, the shooter's position angle in relation to the goal line and the line from the goal post to the shooter, and the distance from the center of the goal to the ball when the ball reached the goal line. In addition, a regression formula was constructed to predict the difficulty of the save by combining the odds ratios of the main factors. It was verified that the difficulty in making a save could be accurately predicted using the regression formula (84.8%). As a future task, using our regression formula, it would be practically important to develop predictors for evaluating the ability of a goalkeeper.

著者

浅井 武 瀬尾 和哉 酒井 淳 笹瀬 雅史 河野 銀子

出版者

筑波大学

雑誌

基盤研究(B)

巻号頁・発行日

2005

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本研究では、実験風洞と数値流体解析を基にしたスポーツ流体シミュレーターを、パーソナル・スーパーコンピューター上に開発した.さらに,実際のスポーツ科学,スポーツ工学問題の展開事例として、流体工学的観点からスポーツ技術を検討すると共に,スポーツボールやスポーツシューズを代表とするスポーツ用具の空力特性の解析や改良を試みた.サッカーボールの空力解析の場合,スポーツ流体シミュレーターを用いたCFD解析と風洞実験により,無回転のサッカーボールの空力係数を分析すると共に,四塩化チタンを用いた可視化手法により,実際に飛翔するボール後流の動態を検討し,サッカーボールの空力特性を明らかにした.CFDと風洞実験におけるレイノルズ数と抗力係数の関係をみると,亜臨界レンジで0.43程度,超臨界レンジで0.15程度を示し,サッカーボールの臨界レイノルズ数は,約2.2〜3.0×10^5であると考えられた.サッカーボールの抗力係数は,平滑球とゴルフボールの中間的特性を示し,ボールパネルは臨界レイノルズ数を減少させるという意味で,空気抵抗を下げていると考えられる.CFDと可視化実験において,ボールの低速時(5m/s)と高速時(29m/s)のボール周りの流れを比較すると,低速時では,境界層の剥離点が前方岐点より約90deg.に位置していたのに対して,高速時では,剥離点が前方岐点より約120deg.に後退していた.ボール直後の渦リングのような渦塊から発生周波数を計測し,Stを推定すると,平滑球のレイノルズ数4×10^4近傍のハイモード値約1.0と近い値であると考えられた.ボールが飛翔した後,ラージスケールの渦振動(渦塊の蛇行)が観察された.このメカニズムの詳細は不明であるが,渦振動が,サッカーボールの「ナックルエフェクト」に関連している可能性があると思われた.

著者

浅井 武

出版者

一般社団法人日本機械学会

雑誌

年次大会講演資料集

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2006, no.8, pp.49-50, 2006-09-15

著者

鈴木 健介 浅井 武 平嶋 裕輔 中山 雅雄

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育・スポーツ・健康学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, pp.261-275, 2021 (Released:2021-04-29)

参考文献数

29

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In soccer, as the number of goals determines victory or defeat, the top priority of soccer attacks is to score goals. In many competitions, more than 70% of goals are scored by shooting from within the penalty area (PA). Thus, entering the PA is an important factor in scoring goals to win games and advance in a tournament. However, as no previous research has analyzed in detail attacking play involving entry into the PA, players are unable to receive effective coaching. Focusing on the group stage of the 2014 FIFA World Cup, the present study compared attacking play into the PA between top-ranked teams that advanced (top teams) and lower-ranked teams that were defeated and did not advance (lower teams) in order to identify the characteristics and differences of the two groups. Samples were obtained from all 48 games played in the tournament at this stage. For statistical analysis, the unpaired t test and c2 test were used. No significant inter-group differences were found in the number of attacks or entering the PA and the number of shots, but the top teams had higher success rates in shooting and attacking, suggesting that they had excellent finishers or created better shooting situations. With regard to movements for receiving passes by players who entered the PA, the top teams showed a higher frequency of moving from the outside to the inside of the PA and receiving passes there, suggesting that their players received the ball as they moved toward the PA. Moreover, compared to the players of lower teams, they received passes inside the PA when no opposition defenders were in the attacking direction. These findings suggest that players of top teams evaded marking by opponents by receiving the ball while moving toward the PA. Furthermore, since top teams had higher scoring rates when their players dribbled into the PA, they likely had players more highly skilled in dribbling, thus resulting in goals.

著者

松竹 貴大 實宝 希祥 門岡 晋 菅生 貴之 浅井 武

出版者

日本スポーツ心理学会

雑誌

スポーツ心理学研究 (ISSN:03887014)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.43, no.1, pp.1-13, 2016-03-31 (Released:2016-04-02)

参考文献数

28

被引用文献数

6

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Primary scientific data for evaluating information processing ability of the central nervous system that are associated with decision making was investigated in football players, by using event-related potentials (ERP; N200, P300) and reaction times. Participants were college football players who were winners of the all Japan university championship (n=8; Elites) and 8 graduate students with no football experience (n=8; Novices). They used an oddball paradigm consisting of a simple visual stimulus (Choice Reaction Task 1: CRT1) and an oddball paradigm consisting of a complex visual stimulus (Choice Reaction Task 2: CRT2). Results indicated that Elites had a significantly shorter reaction time than Novices in the CRT2. This finding corroborated many previous studies, and indicated that reaction times of Elites were faster than Novices. In addition, ERP (N200 and P300) was observed in all participants and there were no significant differences between the two groups in N200, or P300 latencies in the CRT1. However, Elites showed latencies that were significantly shorter than Novices in the CRT2. These results indicated that the process of evaluating and classifying stimuli was faster in Elites, suggesting that information processing ability of Elites was superior to Novices. In conclusion, this study identified basic scientific data on reaction times and ERP associated with evaluating information that are indicative of central nervous system processing ability associated with decision making by football players.

著者

多賀 健 浅井 武

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育・スポーツ・健康学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.20147, (Released:2022-02-15)