著者

緑川 泰史 山内 太郎 石森 大知 大塚 柳太郎

出版者

The Japanese Society of Health and Human Ecology

雑誌

民族衛生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, no.4, pp.132-142, 2003-07-31 (Released:2010-06-28)

参考文献数

21

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Seasonality of nutrient intake was evaluated by 7-successive-day food consumption survey in the ordinary season (March) and the slack season (June) of fish catch among 13 married couples in a Solomon Islands society, who were engaged in traditional horticulture and fishing, together with time allocation study. Males' time spent in gardening and fishing was significantly shorter in June than in March (gardening: -48 min/d, and fishing: -43 min/d; P<0 .05, respectively), while there was no seasonal difference in females. On the other hand, males spent more time in hunting and marketing, and females in particular did more time in marketing (P<0.01). No significant difference in energy intake between March and June was observed for either sex. The protein intake was significantly lower in June than in March (males: -23.9 g/d, P<0.01; females: -12.0 g/d, P<0.05). The males' fat intake was significantly higher in June than in March (+14.8 g/d, P<0.05), thought not significantly in females. To compensate the smaller amount of fish catch in June, the villagers spent more time in hunting and marketing, and they took larger amounts of coconut and a kind of nut, which abounds with fat . This study thus suggested that changes in food obtaining activities and food intake patterns of the villagers played significant roles to cope with seasonal shortage of fish catch.

著者

今井 留香 豊川 裕之

出版者

The Japanese Society of Health and Human Ecology

雑誌

民族衛生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.1, pp.14-37, 1987 (Released:2011-02-25)

参考文献数

36

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(1) To apply the ultrasound technique to measuring the subcutaneous fat thickness in neonates. (2) To test the hypothesis that there is a relationship between the neonatal weight loss and their changes of subcutaneous fat thickness during the same period. (3) To relate the results to the maternal and neonatal data. The thickness of subcutaneous fat layer were measured in 172 infants within 24 hours of birth, on the second and the fourth day from the birth, using then pulsed ultrasound apparatus. Six sites were chosen over the right side of the body; (1) biceps (2) triceps (3) subscapular (4) suprailiac (5) upper breast (6) front thigh. The birthweight, gestational age, some anthropometric data at birth, and maternal characters were also recorded. The ultrasonic pulses were clear enough to read when measuring the subcutaneous fat thickness in the neonates. The mean of the fat thickness on the third day was significantly smaller than that of the day of birth, i.e. the first day and the fifth day, indicating the relationship with the weight loss during the four days after birth . It was obvious that fat thickenss is related with birthweight and not with gestational age. The effects of other elements on the fat thickness are now under analysis.

著者

Kayoko KONDO Yoshihiko YAMAZAKI

出版者

The Japanese Society of Health and Human Ecology

雑誌

民族衛生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.71, no.4, pp.142-156, 2005-07-31 (Released:2010-06-28)

参考文献数

52

被引用文献数

1

著者

浅見 正彦

出版者

The Japanese Society of Health and Human Ecology

雑誌

民族衛生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.4, pp.321-338,A20, 1961 (Released:2010-11-19)

参考文献数

38

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During the period of a year and five months (May 1958-October 1659), I have from the standpoint of constitutional anthropology, made measurements of the living bodies (trunk, limbs, head, face, etc.) of 565 adult males and 325 adult females who are the inhabitants of the SuhO district of Yamaguchi Prefecture. I have made detailed observations based upon the measurement values and index values of 27 items, and have made a comparative study with those of other districts. The following is the result, although here I have restricted the comparative study to adult males.1) The average height of the SuhO district males is 159.98cm and belongs to the “small” group according to Martin's height classification, but as a Japanese adult male they belong to the “below medium” group. Their measurements resemble those of the adult males of the districts of Tosa, Takachiho, Kaga plain, and South Noto.2) The maximum length of the head measured 184.00mm, resembling that of the peoples of Shinshu-Iida, Izumo, and Koma, while the maximum width of the head measured 151.70mm., resembling that of Tosa, Oku-Noto, Bitchu, and Izumo.3) The index number of the length and width of the head is 82.65, belonging to the small-head type, far exceeding the average index value of 81.31 of the district measured by Dr. Koya. This reveals the fact that the maximum length of the head is short in comparison to its maximum width. As seen in view of Martin's head classification, 44.15% of the SuhO district males belong to the 'small head type, and 31.86% to the medium head type. The classification curve and T.D. strongly resembles that of the adult males of Izumo, Koma, Harima, Yamato, Inaba, and Shinshu-Kami-Ina. The resemblance to the Ainu of Hokkaido and to the people of Etcha is negligible.4) Comparing the SuhO district males with those of other districts according to the M.T.D., those of the Koma, Yamato, Izumo, Harima, Bitchu, East Saitama, and Shinshu-Iida, reveal a M.T.D. of below 5.50. This is an interesting discovery in view of the fact that the districts just mentioned all retain the history of immigration from the Asian Mainland. On the other hand, the people of Etcha and Noto who are considered to be of Ainu origin, together with the Ainu of HokkaidO, reveal a M.T.D. of over 12.00, and the relationship is vague.From the above data the general conclusion can be drawn that the people of SuhO district, judging from the measurement results of the various qualities of the highest value in constitutional anthropology, are highly similar to the Yamato, Izumo, Bitchaand Koma people, descendants of immigrants from the Asian Mainland and who had boasted of the highest form of civillization in Japan, and also to the peoples who held active communication with the Asian Mainland. The Suho people had relations with the Yamato dynasty since the era of the tenth Emperor Sujin and went under the leadership of the Yamato dynasty by the time it completed the unification of the country around the middle of the fourth century. They thus were able to prosper, and due to dommunication facilities they probably received the influence of both the Sanyo and San-in sides of the mountainous area, and further by constitutional anthropological study, they show strong racial affiliality to the peoples of Yamato and Izumo. It is also an interesting fact to note that they also show a strong resemblance to the peoples of Bitcht and Harima situated along the Sanyo highway.

著者

賈漢 沙比提 鏡森 定信 王 紅兵 胡 莉珍 新村 哲夫

出版者

The Japanese Society of Health and Human Ecology

雑誌

民族衛生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.4, pp.153-162, 2007-07-31 (Released:2010-06-28)

参考文献数

28

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As the aging society is developing all over the world quickly, the problems related to health and longevity become important and persistent. The purpose of this study was to compare the demographical status between senior citizens in Xinjiang, China and in Okinawa and Nagano, Japan, where are well-known as longevity areas, and nature and culture are extremely different. We used Japanese national census for 1985-2000 and Chinese national census for 1982-2000. Chi-square test and life expectancy of survival analysis were performed to compare the proportion of 65 years or more and the centenarian people per 100, 000 and life expectancy between China (Xinjiang) and Japan (Okinawa, Nagano). The following results were obtained 1) The proportions of the centenarian people in Xinjiang in 1982 were more than those in Japan in 1985 for both men and women. In 2000, the proportions of centenarian people in Xinjiang were more in men, and less in women (except for the figure based on population aged 65years or more) compared to those in Japan. 2) In Xinjiang, 2000, the proportion of centenarian people became greater, and men were still dominant to women, but the life expectancy for each age group was shorter in men than those in women. In Japan, both proportion of centenarian people and life expectancy were more in women than those in men. 3) In 2000, the life expectancy of 0-79 years old men in Nagano was 0.1-7.7 years longer than that in Xinjiang for each year group, but the ? 80 years old men was 1.3-2.5 years shorter in Nagano than that in Xinjiang. The life expectancy of 0-89 years old women was 0.5-12.5 years longer in Okinawa than in Xinjiang for each year group, and that of ? 90 years old women was inversed with 0.8-1.2 years between the two.

著者

伊藤 弘人 丸井 英二

出版者

The Japanese Society of Health and Human Ecology

雑誌

民族衛生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.1, pp.37-44, 1993-01-30 (Released:2011-02-25)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

1

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Japanese history of eugenic protection law was reviewed. Involuntary sterilization was especially focused. A review of proceedings of the National Diet, statistical reports, and medical papers were performed, as well as interviews. Before the end of World War II, "Kokumin-Yusei-Hou" was enacted. The reasons were as follows; One was negative eugenics, which aimed to reduce the "defective" persons. The other was political incentives to forbid family planning movement in order to obtain more population. On the contrary, after the war, "Yusei-Hogo-Hou" was enacted, mainly because of family planning. The number of application of sterilization has constantly decreased, however, several different patterns were observed. 1) The speed of decrease of the sterilization for maternal or medical reasons were ceased after the 1970's. 2) Involuntary sterilizations have gradually decreased to none. 3) Involuntary sterilizations for the mentally ill were constantly applied until the 1970's. The issue of translation, the reasons of the changes, and the application to the mental retarded are discussed.

著者

岡田 勇 楯 博 三浦 善憲 下村 義夫 永田 捷一 松井 邦義 海川 猛司 TAKAKU Tomoharu

出版者

The Japanese Society of Health and Human Ecology

雑誌

民族衛生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.3, pp.146-156, 1975

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From the results of the investigation of 80 serious patients, mentally and physically handicapped, in our national sanatorium in Kofu City, Yamanashi Prefecture and 2, 716 patients abstracted from all the other national sanatoria in Japan, the following conclusions were drawn. 1) By ages, of the 80 patients in our sanatorium those of 1014 years stand first in number (45.00%) and those of 1519 years stand second (22.50%), while of the 2, 716 patients from all the other national sanatoria those of 5-9 years stand first (39.7%) and those of 1014 years stand second (29.3%). Nevertheless, the investigation of our patients was made in the 50th year of Showa and that of the latter patients was made in the 45th year of Showa. Accordingly, the age-composition of the two groups of patients is the same in reality. 2) By causes, in our sanatorium, cerebral palsy stands first in number (65.00%), the after-effects of encephalitis and cerebrospinal meingitis stand second (13.75%), and follow the after-effct of nucleojaundice (8.75%) and microcephaly (7.50%). In the other sanatoria, cerebral palsy stands first (64.9%), the after-effects of encephalitis and cerebrospinal meningitis stand second (13.0%), and follow the after-effect of nucleojaundice (7.9%) and microcephaly (5.9%). Namely, the order of causes is about the same in both cases. 3) As to evacuation, 95.0% of our patients and 96.5% of the others need to be tended.Namely, , both rates are almost the same. 4) As to communication, 17.5% of our patients and 17.3% of the others can speak a little. Namely, both rates are almost the same. 5) As to eatiny, 86.25% of our patients and 81.4% of the others need to be tended. Namely, both rates are about the same. 6) As to bodily movement, 47.50% of our patients and 32.9% of the others keep their beds. This shows that our patients are more severely handicapped than the others. 7) As to complications, pneumonia, chronic bronchitis, fever in summer, skin disease and symtoms of digestive organs rank high both in our sanatorium and in the other sanatoria. As mentioned above, the age-composition and the conditions of our patients are almost the same as those of the other patients, except that the grade of physical handicap of the former is higher than that of the latter. Generally speaking, more time is spent in their living guidance than in their medical treatment. Consequently, nurses are occupied in work of tendance rather than in their proper work of nusying. On the 1st of August, 1973, we made researches on the time of living of 10 nurses working in the ward of the physically and mentally handicapped of our sanatorium, of 10 nurses in the medical ward of the national hospital, and of 10 nurses in the medical ward of the pref ectural hospital in the same city, with the following results. The total time of nursing, housekeeping, and cooking spent by our nurses, by those of the national hospital, and by those of the prefectural hospital is 12 hours and 3 minutes, 10 hours and 53 minutes, and 10 hours and 33 minutes respectively. Namely, the working time of our nurses is the longest and that of those of the pref ectural hospital is the shortest. Moreover, the nurses of our sanatorium are older and those of the other are younger. The time of nursing is comparatively short and that of housekeeping is long in the former, while the time of nursing is long and that of housekeeping is short in the latter. Namely, they are antipodal. This fact is worthy of note, considering the problem of lumbago. By substance of the working time in hospital, the time of medical care, is I hour and 9 minutes, that is, the shortest, in our sanatorium, 3 hours and 38 minutes in the national hospital, and 3 hours and 48 minutes, that is, the longest, in the pref ectural hospital. The time of tendance in eating and excretion is 2 hours and 34 minutes, that is, the longest, in our sanatorium, 28 minutes in the

著者

Yuko S. YOSHIMOTO Ako IMAI Shimako MUTO Junko FUJIKURA Hiromi KATURAGI(IKEDA) Takanori MAESAKO Katsusuke SHIGETA Akiko NAKAZAWA Taiichiro OKUBAYASHI Spence W. ZAORSKI Hideya MATSUKAWA Osamu MORIKAWA Surasak BOONYARITICHAIKIJ

出版者

The Japanese Society of Health and Human Ecology

雑誌

日本健康学会誌 (ISSN:24326712)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.83, no.2, pp.41-53, 2017-03-31 (Released:2017-05-25)

参考文献数

14

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本研究は,日本・タイ国児童を対象に「適切な食品・食事の選択・組み合わせ」スキルの向上を目指した,視覚対話システムの超鏡(HyperMirror)活用の食育プログラムの教育効果と超鏡の食育への適用性を検討することであった.超鏡は,遠隔地の相手像と自己の鏡像とを合成し,同一画面上に表示して相手と同室感覚を作りだすことができる.食育プログラムは,前後比較デザインを用いて,2006年(テーマ:食品群から食品を選択する)と2007年(テーマ:食品群から食品選択し,栄養バランスの良い朝食を計画する)に実施した.また,初回の食育の学習内容を対象児童に保持させるために教育支援教材(ニュースレター)を,2回目の食育授業実施前まで定期的に配布した.対象者は,2006年と2007年の両年とも食育授業に参加した日本都市部(70名)とタイ国都市部(21名)の児童(2006年時9歳から10歳の小学生5年生)である.各年の食育授業終了後に学習環境調査を実施した.また,2007年の遠隔食育授業の約3週間後に食育プログラムの“影響評価"(適切な食品・食事選択に関する知識,意識,および行動の変容)と“行動目標評価"(目標1:適切な量と食品の組合せの食事を摂取できる,目標2:外国の食環境・食文化を理解し,興味・関心をもつことができる,目標3:自分の食生活に関心をもつことができる)を実施し,検討をおこなった.超鏡の学習環境については両年平均で日本3.8,タイ国4.4で児童の評価は高値であった.また両国の児童に適切な食品・食事選択に関する知識,意識,および行動の変容が確認された.行動目標1は両国の児童の50%以上が「できる」と回答した.行動目標2と3はタイ児童のほうが日本児童より「できる」の回答率が高く,教育支援教材による効果もみられた.本報告では超鏡による食育の教育効果と適用性が確認できた.

著者

村上 カオル 大塚 愛子

出版者

The Japanese Society of Health and Human Ecology

雑誌

民族衛生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.2, pp.55-60,A6, 1957

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女子の体育においては, 人体美の形成ということが, 目標の一つとして考えられるであろう.<BR>従来の顔偏重の弊より腕却し, ようやく全身の均整・調和などの美が叫ばれるようになつたのは当然のことである.<BR>最近8頭身という言葉が流行語として通用し, それがあたかも美入の代名詞の如くとり扱われている. 果して8頭身は人体美の規範となるであろうか.<BR>ここに先ず, 8頭身の学詮に関し歴史的考察を行うならば, 紀元前5世紀, ギリシアの最盛期において, 有名な彫刻家Polvkleitosが, 人体の均整美に注目し, 以後実測による比較研究を行い, 途に7頭身をもつて入体の最高の構成美となした. その成果は彼の著述にも発表したといわれる. しかしその記述は現在残つていないが, それらの理念にもとすき, 全身の調和律を作つた彼の代表作が「槍をかつぐ人」 (Doryuhoros) だという.<BR>これに対し, 8頭身論をとなえたのは紀元前4世紀に活躍したLysipposである. 彼はボリュクレイトスにならい, 人体の計測的比較をなし, 頭部が全身の1/8を示す比例が最も美しいと考えた。彼のApoxyomenos「泥をかき落す青年」といわれる彫刻は, このような規準によりつくられ, 優美軽快な彫刻である.<BR>次に, 数字的にも白人の身長及び頭高に関しては, CH. Stratz<SUP>1) 2)</SUP> 以来の研究があり, 韓国人の頭部及び躯幹の計測値は景氏によつて明らかにされている<SUP>4)</SUP>. さらにStratzは日本入についても身体計測を行つている<SUP>3)</SUP>. 日本人の頭部計測に関しては, 附田氏の日本入頭型の地域差<SUP>5)</SUP>, 中山氏の近畿地方男子<SUP>6)</SUP>, 古屋氏の北陸入<SUP>7)</SUP> 等の貴重な研究がある. なお西田氏は芸術的な立場から8頭身について述ぺているが, 系統的な測完に基いたものではない<SUP>8)</SUP>.<BR>即ち, 日本人の人体構成要素の比率について系統的な測定をとげたものは, まだ見出されないようである. ここにおいて私達は頭身指数の意義, 並びに年令別・性別の推移を追求し, さらに頭身指数と体力との関係, 手長, 足長身についても測定を行つた.

著者

橘 覺勝

出版者

The Japanese Society of Health and Human Ecology

雑誌

民族衛生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, no.4, pp.441-457, 1931

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本研究に於ては、我図高齢者の家系に就て、統計的に塵理して、所謂長壽の家系には、果して長壽者が多く輩出するかといふ事を、多少共科墨的に剖判して見たいとの企圖によつて試みられたものである。從つて軍に壽命と一般的に題するよりは一むしる長壽云々と云つた方がよいかも知れない。それほど限定して試みたものである。

著者

日置 敦巳

出版者

The Japanese Society of Health and Human Ecology

雑誌

民族衞生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.2, pp.75-86, 1996-03-31

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1988年度および1992年度の各市町村単位のデータを用いて,社会参加意識およびその他の因子が健康診査受診行動に及ぼす影響について分析を行った.健康診査受診状況については基本健康診査,結核検診,胃癌検診および子宮癌検診の受診率を,社会参加意識として県知事選挙投票率を,その他の因子として人口およびその分布,産業,経済,社会環境,行財政,人口動態,保健,医療,福祉に関するデータを用いた. 基本健康診査,結核検診および胃癌検診受診率は県知事選挙投票率と強い正の相関を示したが,子宮癌検診受診率はやや低い相関を示した.健診受診率は全体として小規模町村で高く,大規模市町で低い値を呈した.多変量解析の結果,基本健康診査受診率は投票率および老人クラブ加入率と正の相関を,市町村財政における公債費比率と負の相関を示した.胃癌検診受診率は投票率および15~64歳人口割合と正の相関を示し,過疎地域で高い割合を示したが,集団検診実施による受診率上昇はわずかであった.子宮癌検診受診率については,用いた指標の中で相関を示したものは投票率のみであった.結核検診受診率には投票率と結核有病率が正の相関を,人口密度が負の相関を示した.これらの結果から,健康診査受診行動は住民の社会参加意識および社会経済的因子の影響を受けるものと考えられた.ただし,子宮癌検診受診行動には,本研究で検討した以外の要因も関与しているものと推測する.市町村における保健サービスの指標として健康診査受診率を用いる場合には,これらの因子による影響を考慮する必要があるものと考える.

著者

安川 通雄

出版者

The Japanese Society of Health and Human Ecology

雑誌

民族衞生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.2, pp.65-74, 1996-03-31

被引用文献数

3

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1)本研究の目的は,体脂肪率の増大に伴って身体各部位の皮脂厚がどのような割合で付着しているか,また,体脂肪率および身長調整周囲値(身長当たりの各部位の周囲値)と皮脂厚値の分布状態を,Aモード式超音波皮脂厚計で測定した皮脂厚値と水中体重測定法で求めた体脂肪率との関係から横断的に検討した.本研究の被験者は,18歳から49歳までの健康な白人男性60名および女性52名の計112名であった.皮脂厚の測定部位は,肩甲骨下角部,腹部,腸骨稜上部,上腕二頭筋部,上腕三頭筋部および大腿前部の計6部位とした. 2)本研究のすべての被験者の水中体重法による体脂肪率の平均値は男性が11.7±4.1%,女性が21.4±5.3%であった.体脂肪率の増大に伴って皮脂厚値の増加形成は,男女共に腹部が最も大きな値を示した.次いで,男性が腸骨稜上部,大腿前部,肩甲骨下角部,上腕三頭筋部および上腕二頭筋部の順となり,女性が腸骨稜上部,大腿前部,上腕三頭筋部,肩甲骨下角部および上腕二頭筋部の順となった. 3)皮脂厚の分布状態をみると,体脂肪率および身長調整周囲値が増大するのに伴って男女共に皮脂厚が増大するという傾向は認められなかった.特に腹部の皮脂厚値は,男女共に他のどの測定部位よりも大きなばらつきが観察された.すなわち,同じ体脂肪率でかつ同じ身長調整周囲値を有する被験者であっても,腹部の皮脂厚値は大きくばらついた. 4)以上のような腹部の皮脂厚値のばらつきは,皮下脂肪あるいは内臓脂肪のどちらかにより多く付着するといった,体脂肪の分布の個人差を考察すべきかもしれない.

著者

甲田 光雄 飯淵 康雄 川嶋 昭司 丸山 博

出版者

The Japanese Society of Health and Human Ecology

雑誌

民族衛生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.4, pp.172-178, 1975

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This is a report of the development and results of a certain health method which was applied to the patients, 2 males and 2 females, diagnosed as "gallergic coryza". They stayed at the Health Recovery and Promoting Center at Yao from April 1, 1972, to the end of March, 1975, and practised the health-recovery-and promoting method of fasting, eating only unpolished rice and vegetable foods, and having a cold-and-hot-bath taken one minute alternatively, and so on. All four patients gradually began to take a turn for the better in such symptoms as nasal obstruction, Nasal discharges, sneeze and headache. That is, within 1 or 2 months after their accommodation, above symptoms of them were extinguished or remarkably improved.

著者

芳賀 博 柴田 博 松崎 俊久 安村 誠司

出版者

The Japanese Society of Health and Human Ecology

雑誌

民族衛生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.5, pp.217-233, 1988

被引用文献数

41 9

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本研究は,初回調査時に比較的健常であった地域在宅老人の10年間の追跡的調査に基づいている.研究の目的は,加齢に伴うADLの変化を明らかにし,さらには,ADLの維持に関わる要因を初回調査時の身体,心理,社会的側面から検索することである. 対象は,昭和51年の初回調査に応じた69~71歳の東京都小金井市在住の男女422名である.このうち,10年後の追跡調査に応じた者は,250名であり,死亡者は102名であった. 得られた主な結果は次のとおりである. 1.10年間に死亡した者は,継続調査群に比べて初回調査時のADL総合点は低い傾向にあった. 2.10年後のADLは,歩行,食事,排泄,入浴,着脱衣のいずれにおいても低下を示し,とくに歩行の低下が最も大きかった. 3.10年後に5項目全てが「半介助」あるいは「介助」に属するいわゆる"寝たきり老人"は,男の3.7%,女の2.1%のみであった.このうち,脳卒中及び骨・関節疾患を有する者を除くと"寝たきり老人"はさらに少なかった(男2.3%,女0.8%). 4.ADLの低下は,女より男に大きい傾向であったが,その差は有意ではなかった. 5.10年後のいわゆる「老化」にともなうADL低下に有意に関連する身体的要因は,高血圧の既往「あり」(男),心電図所見「異常」(男),「肥満」(女)であった. 6.心理的要因では,ベントソ正確数が「低い」(男),身体についての悩み「あり」(女)で有意なADLの低下を認めた. 7.社会的要因では,社会活動性が「低い」ほど有意なADLの低下を示した(男女). 以上の日常生活動作能力の変化に関する予知因子の検討の結果,男女とも社会活動性が10年後のADLの転帰にもっとも関係していた.このことから,社会活動性を維持し,あるいは高めることが日常生活動作能力の保持に役立ち,余命の延長にもつながることが推測された.

著者

園部 真美 上田 礼子

出版者

The Japanese Society of Health and Human Ecology

雑誌

民族衞生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.3, pp.129-135, 1999-05-31

被引用文献数

1 1

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For three-year-old children whose mothers visited a health center in Tokyo for consultation about childrearing problems in 1976 and 1996, their co-sleeping with adult and the related fac tors were examined. The major results were as follows.1. In 1996, the proportion of mothers who co-sleep with toddlers is high among those with jobs, and the mothers who experienced co-sleeping in their own childhood and whose child has evolopmental risk tend to co-sleep.2. Sleeping arrangements, including co-sleeping, of children with developmental risks differ in quality from that of handicapped children.3. Mother's co-sleeping behavior is interrelated with her intention of childcare, information source of childrearing, consultants in neighborhood and the matter of her major interest. From these results, it is suggested that sleeping arrangements of children is associated with factors concerning both mothers and children and it is recognized as an indicator of assessing mother's nurturing behavior and child's developmental risks.

著者

石田 明

出版者

The Japanese Society of Health and Human Ecology

雑誌

民族衛生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.5, pp.274-280, 1994

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The questionnaires on handedness and a number of biological attributes were asked to 1, 964 Japanese female students to explore the relationships between them. Most items analysed were found to have no relationships to handednes but strong relationships were found between handedness and the ability of physical exercise, the cardio-pulmonary function, the occurrence of urticaria and the thickness of body hair. Ambilaterals were superior to dextrals or sinistrals in the abilities of physical exercise and the cardio-pulmonary function. The inclination to left-handedness was prominent in females whose body hair was thin. The significant linear regression was found for the proportion of dextrals on the frequency of urticaria and on the difference between the number of clockwise hair whorls and that of counterclockwise hair whorls.

著者

志村 正子 三浦 悌二

出版者

The Japanese Society of Health and Human Ecology

雑誌

民族衛生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.4, pp.165-174, 1978

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Changes in birth distribution pattern during a few centuries were investigated in both Japan and the USA, using various forms of records. Regional differences in seasonal birth distribution, and their connection with birth rates and marriage seasons were also studied. The following conclusions were drawn. 1) From the second half of the 19th century to the first half of the 1960's, seasonal distribution of births in Tokyo and Osaka showed a fluctuating pattern with a peak from January to March and a trough between May and August. Most variations during that period were in the amplitude of the basic pattern. 2) Old registration books of parishoners known as 'Ninbetsu-cho' of three towns in Osaka City revealed a peculiar pattern with a sharp peak between November and December, ( October and November of the lunar calender) from 1755 to 1867. 3) Japanese birth distribution became less noticeable in the 1960's and the 1970's with very low peak between July and August similar to that formed in the USA. 4) In USA, there is a secular change of shifts of peaks in different periods. The typical pattern with a peak between Aug. and Sep. can be seen from the second half of the 18th century to the first half of the 19th century and again after 1930. During certain periods since the 17th century, different patterns are apparent: e. g. a wide peak between May and September until the 1970's, or a pattern with two peaks in spring and autumn from the second half of the century until the 1920's. 5) Regional differences of the birth distribution in Japan gradually decreased and have reached uniformity throughout Japan. (6) As for the relationships between birth seasonality and regional birth rates, regional birth rates fell in summer, becoming lower as one travels south. 7) As for the relationship between birth seasonality and annual birth rate, a distinct difference was seen in the peak season of Jan.-Mar., and the birth rate in the trough season of May-July changed little until World War II when contraception became popular in Japan. 8) Prior to World War II the seasonal distribution of marriages in Japan was typified by peaks in spring. After the Wax it changed to a pattern with peaks in both spring and late autumn. Seasonal differences of marriages increased, in contrast to birth patterns. 9) Comparing the distribution of marriage ceremonies and registrations after World War II in Japan, seasonal variance was larger for ceremonies than registrations. The marriage registration peak shifted ahead one or two months. This suggests that most marriages were registered several months later than ceremonies. In the 1970's, however, this difference was reduced. 10) It seems worthwhile to consider the possibility that certain seasonal biological suppressing factors varying in period and by region may be responsible for the distributional birth pattern.

著者

鮫島 宗雄

出版者

The Japanese Society of Health and Human Ecology

雑誌

民族衛生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, no.5, pp.395-409,en1, 1938

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Es ist allgemein anerkannt, dass die Fingerabdrücke interessante Versehiedenheiten aufweisen, nicht allein im einzelnen sondern auch ethnographisch. Zum Beitrage der anthropologischen der Mikrônesier, machte ich Untersuchungen über Erscheinungen von Fingerabdrücken an je 400 Hände von Männern und Frauen der Bewohner der Marshall-Inseln.<BR>Bei den Fingerabdruck-Formeln der Marsall-Insulaner ist die Häufigkeit von wwwww am höchsten (I4.8±I.77, I4.0±I.73), es gleicht sih meist dem der Ostasiaten.<BR>Die Häufigkeit von jeden Fingerabdruck-Typen im Ganzen und der Fingerabdruck-Index lässt sich folgendermassen konstatieren:<BR>A R U W Fingerabdruck-Index<BR>3.0±0.38 1.8±0.30 45.3±1.11 49.9±1.12. 105 94<BR>2.3±0.28 0.7±0.19 48.1±1.1 2 49.0±1.12 100.41.<BR>nämlich, w ist am häufigsten, A und R weniger als bei der weissen Rssse, Fingerabdruck-Index ist gross, und weisst die Natur bei allgemeinen Mongolrassen auf.<BR>Ferner, bei Summierung meiner ausführlichen Beobachturgen über die häufigeit an jeden von jeden Finger, jeden Hande und Geschlecht, HAi and R sind am meisten aut die Zeigefinger, U auf dem kleinen Finger, w kommt am häufigsten auf Ringfinger vor. Und von Finger-Seiten ausgesehen, auf Daumen, Zeigefinger und Ringfinger ist w am häutigsten and auf Mittelfinger und kleinen Finger ist U am häufigsten. Von Hand-Seiten ausgesehen, erscheint U am häufigsten auf der linken Hand, während auf der rechten Hand w mehr vorkommt. Di geschlechtlichen Unterschiede sind im Allgemeinen nicht bemerkbar, aber bei häufiges Erscheinen von R Typen, Manner übertreffen Frauen in jedem Fall. Es ist verursacht die ausserordentliche hohe Prozentzahl von R Typen auf der Manner rechten Zeigefinger

著者

岡田 正夫

出版者

The Japanese Society of Health and Human Ecology

雑誌

民族衛生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, no.5, pp.453-462,en3, 1935

被引用文献数

1

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Dr Verfasser durchmustert die Fingerabdrücke von Aino, welche im Juli 1934 im Dorf <I>Piratori</I>, Hokkaido, von Verfasser selbst angefertigt wurden, und teilt folgendes mit.<BR>Das betreffende Material besteht aus 1853 Fingerabdrücke von 58 erwachsmen Aino-Männern und 130 ebensolchen Weibern, welche fast ausnahmslos auf dem <I>Saru</I> Gebiete, Provinz Hidaka bewohnen, und angeblich sowie somatoskopisch rein zu sein schienen.<BR>Die Ergebnisse sind im Detail auf den Tabellen 1-6 zusammengestellt.<BR>Im Vergleich mit einer früheren Arbeit von Prof. Hasebe ('18) welche is Heute die einzige Mitteilung über das Hautleisten von Aino gewesenb ist, stellt sich kein gründlicher Unterschied heraus. Bei Aino treten U-Muster häufiger, dagegen W-Muster seltener als bei Japaner auf. Sonstige Mustertypen zeigen kelne merkwürdigen Unterschiede zwischen den beiden Rassen. Demgemass fällt der Digital-Index (nach Furuhata, W (%) /U (%) R (%). -100) von Aino ausserhalb oder an der Grenze de=r Variationsbreite des betreffenden Index von Japaner.[nämlich : 56.0, : 42.1 bei Aino im gegensatz durchschnitt 63. 52, and Variationsbreite 78.00-55.88 bei Japaner nach Hirai ('28).]<BR>Bilaterale und geschlechtliche Häufigkeitsunterschiede der 4 Hauptmustertypen bei A. no unter sich sind auf der Tabelle 3 ersichtlich.<BR>Was die Musterkonibination an den 5 Fingern anbelangt, so ist die Formel uuuuu am häufigsten bi beiden Geschlechtern vertreten. Die Formel wwwww, die sich um eine der wichtigsten Kombinationen bei Japaner handelt, tritt hier dagegen stark zurück, nähmlich U5/W5: 7.0, 7.6, 7.5 bei Aino gegenüber 1.09 nach Angaben Prof. Hasebe. oder 1.11 nach Takeuchi bei Japaner.

著者

後藤 京子 杉本 侃

出版者

The Japanese Society of Health and Human Ecology

雑誌

民族衞生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.2, pp.53-64, 1996-03-31

被引用文献数

5

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The Japan Poison Information Center (JPIC) received 205, 199 inquiries from citizens and medical personnel for 5 years from April, 1989 to March, 1995. And, the number of inquiries concerning with suicide in those was 5, 778. In July 1993, the book named the Suicidal Manual were published in Japan and since then, the inquiries concerning with suicide attempts have increased. So, I analyzed these data about implicated products and contrasted the data received before the publication of the manual to the data received after that on purpose to make clear the affection of the Suicidal Manual. In regard to the substance that was selected in suicide attempts cases, teen-ager and the twenties tend to use medicines, especially over-the-counter drugs and older people tend to use agricultural chemicals. After the book was published, the number of inquiries about some over-the-counter drugs that were shown as appropriate way for easy and painless death in the book had increased. So, it is very important to give the young people the information of drug toxicity and appropriate management of drugs to decrease the influence of the book.