著者
椛 秀人 奥谷 文乃 佐藤 隆幸
出版者
高知医科大学
雑誌
一般研究(C)
巻号頁・発行日
1992

われわれは、数年に渡って、雌マウスに形成される交尾相手の雄の匂いに対する記憶のメカニズムを研究してきた。この匂いの記憶は妊娠の維持に不可欠である。この記憶の形成過程は、副嗅球へ投射する青斑核ノルアドレナリン神経の交尾刺激による活性化によって駆動される。われわれは、この記憶の神経・シナプス・分子のレベルのメカニズムを明らかにしてきた。この一連の記憶システムは、この系だけにとどまらず、母子の絆形成にも当てはまる性質のものであるとの考えで、検討を加えた。嗅球へ薬物の注入が可能なようにステンレス管を前もって植え込んでおいた妊娠21日目の雌ラットに、薬物の連続注入を開始し、これらのラットが分娩後に行う母性行動を観察した。行動の観察は主に母性行動の基本型である子運び動作、子なめ動作、授乳姿勢を計測した。興奮性アミノ酸受容体アンタゴニストであるD-AP5を注入しても、上記の母性行動に有意な変化は認められなかった。本結果は、妊娠の維持に不可欠な匂いの記憶の成立にNMDA受容体が関与しないことと一致していた。さらに、non-NMDA受容体アンタゴニストのCNQXの知果を目下、検討中である。ウレタン麻酔下の雌ラットを用いて、嗅球内情報伝達に対する青斑核の電気刺激の影響を検討した。青斑核の刺激は、顆粒細胞による僧帽細胞のフィードバック抑制を感じた。目下、この効果にかかわるアドレナリン作動性受容体のタイプを検討中である。さらに、青斑核と外側嗅索の連合刺激によって、このフィードバック抑制に可塑的変化が誘導されるか検討を加える予定である。
著者
田中 康雄
出版者
一般社団法人 日本農村医学会
雑誌
日本農村医学会雑誌 (ISSN:04682513)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.70, no.1, pp.1-12, 2021 (Released:2021-06-30)
参考文献数
67

本研究は,従来型・ユニット型の介護老人福祉施設で実施している勤続1年未満・以上における正規介護職員向けの教育・研修内容と体制を把握した上で,それらと正規介護職員の離職率がどのように関連しているかを明らかにし,今後の職場定着促進に必要な方策を施設形態毎に検討することを目的する。全国の介護老人福祉施設のうち無作為抽出した1,180か所を対象に郵送法による質問紙調査を実施した。離職率と研修内容の関連を重回帰分析した結果,従来型では勤続1年未満向けの内容のうちリーダー養成,勤続1年以上向けの内容の記録の書き方と報告の方法が離職率を高め,ユニット型では勤続1年未満向けの内容の介護技術・知識,体制の教育・研修の責任者の設置が離職率を抑え,勤続1年以上向けの内容の機能訓練に関する知識が離職率を高め,腰痛予防対策が離職率を抑える関連がみられた。今後,介護老人福祉施設においては,一律ではなく,施設形態別,勤続年数別に各施設状況に応じた教育・研修内容や体制について本研究結果内容を重点的に取り組み,内容や研修回数を見直し,経験や慣習ではなく,根拠に基づいた教育・研修実施による職場定着促進策の推進が重要になると考えられる。
著者
南出 和余
出版者
桃山学院大学
雑誌
桃山学院大学総合研究所紀要 = ST.ANDREW,S UNIVERSITY BULLETIN OF THE RESEARCH INSTITUTE (ISSN:1346048X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.39, no.3, pp.91-108, 2014-03-28

In Bangladesh today, many young people are migrating from rural villages to urban areas as a result of the rapid economic growth occurring in the country. Especially under the expansion of primary education in rural areas since the late 1980s, many children have begun to go to school while their parents had little experience of schooling. This generation is the so called "first educated generation" in their families. Through this school experience, they have acquired a "nonagricultural orientation" and have gone to urban areas where they are able to find work, but with low wages, mainly at the garment factories that are expanding significantly throughout the country. For a Japanese anthropologist, talking about the urban migration of young people during a time of economic growth reminds one of the experience of Japan in the 1960s. Many young people who had just graduated from high school or junior high school had migrated from rural to urban areas to find work, being typified by "mass employment." The "baby boomers" who were born in the post-war period definitely brought about economic growth as well as social changes in Japanese society. In this paper, I focus on the experience of my parents, who were part of the rural-urban migration in Japan in the 1960s, being motivated by my research in Bangladesh on the children and youth who are recently undergoing a similar migration experience. Their lives in 1960s Japan were influenced by the job situation in both rural and urban areas, by the relationship between rural and urban areas, and more directly by the network of urban migrants. At the same time, their experience itself revolutionized society. These factors can be adopted as a comparative perspective when I study the impact and effects of the urban migration of young people and the social transformation now taking place in Bangladesh. The anthropological "self" perspective between my background and my target society will be examined.
著者
西田 恵三 室橋 春光 山本 強
出版者
公益社団法人 日本金属学会
雑誌
日本金属学会誌 (ISSN:00214876)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.41, no.11, pp.1101-1106, 1977 (Released:2008-04-04)
参考文献数
19
被引用文献数
2 6

Iron test pieces were diffusion-annealed in an evacuated silica capsule containing the powdered (100∼200 mesh) 50 wt%Sb-Fe alloy consisting of α and ε phases as an Sb vapor source for 9∼440 hr at 700∼950°C. The test pieces were then analysed with an EPMA and the penetration curves of them were obtained.Each penetration curve was analysed by means of the Matano-Boltzmann method to obtain the chemical diffusion coefficients (\ ildeD). From these values the activation energies for diffusion (\ ildeQ) were calculated.Surface concentration of the test pieces (αmax) at each annealing temperature coincided approximately with the solubility observed in the phase diagram of an Fe-Sb system at lower temperatures, while a significant deviation was found in solubility at higher temperatures. Fine alumina makers placed on the test pieces prior to diffusion were found always on the surfaces after annealing so that it is considered that Sb atoms diffuse predominantly in the α-phase of this system. Each penetration curve was similar to an error function curve and \ ildeD at each temperature showed a relatively small dependence upon Sb concentration. There was a gap in the Arrhenius plot owing to magnetic transformation. The activation energies for diffusion (\ ildeQ) obtained from the data at higher temperatures varied from 59.5 kcal/mol for 1 at%Sb to 52.5 kcal/mol for 4 at%Sb and that for impurity diffusion of Sb in iron (QSb*) was evaluated to be about 63 kcal/mol.
著者
矢野 晋吾
出版者
日本労働社会学会
雑誌
日本労働社会学会年報 (ISSN:09197990)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.11, pp.63-89, 2000 (Released:2020-11-20)
参考文献数
52

This essay aims to re-examine Japanese “Dekasegi” labour migration and to point out a new framework for case-studies. “Dekasegi” workers leave their villages to earn income for a temporary period. In preceding studies, the term has been applied to several different types of labour migration without clearly addressing certain important points in the respective definitions. Among these are the “attitude” and “behaviour” of the workers and the “term” for which workers are away from their homes. In this essay, “Dekasegi” will be re-defined from the viewpoint of workers’ subjective logic. Then, “Dekasegi” apart from daily labour migration, will be classified into 1) modern labour’s type of “Dekasegi” and 2) the traditional type of “Dekasegi”. These two types mainly differ in two social characters, the relation of 1) the social structure of the village and 2) the management of the “ie”, or household.
著者
Akihiro MAETA Mizue OKU Kyoko TAKAHASHI
出版者
Center for Academic Publications Japan
雑誌
Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.68, no.2, pp.131-136, 2022-04-30 (Released:2022-04-30)
参考文献数
16
被引用文献数
2

To evaluate the effect and outcome by Shokuiku and nutrition education, it is need to develop the reliability and validity questionnaire for behaviors and interests in healthy eating habits for Japanese adolescents. Our aim was to develop the reliability and validity questionnaire about them for Japanese adolescents. Interests in healthy eating habits for Japanese adolescents were modified Japanese questionnaire of consciousness in dietary life (JQCDL) for university students developed by Hamaguchi et al. The surveys were carried out at two public junior high schools and 381 students in second year participated. Reliability of JQCDL–adolescent form (JQCDL–AF) was examined by factor analysis and calculation of Cronbach’s α. Validity of JQCDL–AF was examined by divergent of gender and by experimental intervention which investigated the changed scores from lunchbox to school lunch. High score of JQCDL–AF showed more interests in healthy eating habits. From histogram and factor analysis, four questions were excluded from JQCDL. We chose two subscale factors to form the domains: reduction unhealthy foods when eating out or snacking (4 items), and meal manners and meal preparation (7 items). Cronbach’s α of two subscales and all items (11 questions) were 0.845, 0.826, and 0.860, respectively. The total JQCDL–AF scores in girls were significantly higher than those of boys. Moreover, the total JQCDL–AF scores 1-mo after introducing school lunches increased significantly from the lunchbox. Therefore, the JQCDL–AF could evaluate interests in healthy eating habits in Japanese adolescents.
著者
村上 丘
雑誌
Otsuma Review (ISSN:09160469)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.52, pp.29-37, 2019-07-01
著者
広井 禎
出版者
日本物理教育学会
雑誌
物理教育 (ISSN:03856992)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.47, no.3, pp.161-162, 1999-06-25 (Released:2017-02-10)

1999年3月に2003年から高校で実施される学習指導要領が告示された。本稿では,その内容についての検討は一切せずに,そのつくられ方についてだけ検討する。仮に教育課程を建売住宅に例えてみる。従来,建売住宅に住む人・住みたい人の立場から論じられることが多かった。この玄関の位置は良い(悪い)とか,この間取りは住みやすい(住みにくい)とか,ここに戸棚があるのは使いやすい(使いにくい)など。本稿では,この視点を転じて,大工さんの立場から検討してみたいのである。建築資材や,大工さんの数,工事期間などにあたることの検討を試みることにする。

1 0 0 0 OA 単語篇諺解

著者
松井惟利 編
出版者
松井惟利
巻号頁・発行日
1874
出版者
函館財界問題研究所
巻号頁・発行日
vol.28(12), no.359, 1996-12