著者

Megumi Hara Yuichiro Nishida Keitaro Tanaka Chisato Shimanoe Kayoko Koga Takuma Furukawa Yasuki Higaki Koichi Shinchi Hiroaki Ikezaki Masayuki Murata Kenji Takeuchi Takashi Tamura Asahi Hishida Mineko Tsukamoto Yuka Kadomatsu Keitaro Matsuo Isao Oze Haruo Mikami Miho Kusakabe Toshiro Takezaki Rie Ibusuki Sadao Suzuki Hiroko Nakagawa-Senda Daisuke Matsui Teruhide Koyama Kiyonori Kuriki Naoyuki Takashima Yasuyuki Nakamura Kokichi Arisawa Sakurako Katsuura-Kamano Kenji Wakai

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.6, pp.285-293, 2023-06-05 (Released:2023-06-05)

参考文献数

49

被引用文献数

6

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Background: Little is known about whether insufficient moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and longer sedentary behavior (SB) are independently associated with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and chronic kidney disease (CKD), whether they interact with known risk factors for CKD, and the effect of replacing sedentary time with an equivalent duration of physical activity on kidney function.Methods: We examined the cross-sectional association of MVPA and SB with eGFR and CKD in 66,603 Japanese cohort study in 14 areas from 2004 to 2013. MVPA and SB were estimated using a self-reported questionnaire, and CKD was defined as eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2. Multiple linear regression analyses, logistic regression analyses, and an isotemporal substitution model were applied.Results: After adjusting for potential confounders, higher MVPA and longer SB were independently associated with higher eGFR (P for trend MVPA <0.0001) and lower eGFR (P for trend SB <0.0001), and a lower odds ratio (OR) of CKD (adjusted OR of MVPA ≥20 MET·h/day, 0.76; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.68–0.85 compared to MVPA <5 MET·h/day) and a higher OR of CKD (adjusted OR of SB ≥16 h/day, 1.81; 95% CI, 1.52–2.15 compared to SB <7 h/day), respectively. The negative association between MVPA and CKD was stronger in men, and significant interactions between sex and MVPA were detected. Replacing 1 hour of SB with 1 hour of physical activity was associated with about 3 to 4% lower OR of CKD.Conclusion: These findings indicate that replacing SB with physical activity may benefit kidney function, especially in men, adding to the possible evidence on CKD prevention.

著者

Kanae Masuda Takashi Akagi

出版者

Japanese Society of Breeding

雑誌

Breeding Science (ISSN:13447610)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.2, pp.95-107, 2023 (Released:2023-06-06)

参考文献数

136

被引用文献数

2

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Sexuality is the main strategy for maintaining genetic diversity within a species. In flowering plants (angiosperms), sexuality is derived from ancestral hermaphroditism and multiple sexualities can be expressed in an individual. The mechanisms conferring chromosomal sex determination in plants (or dioecy) have been studied for over a century by both biologists and agricultural scientists, given the importance of this field for crop cultivation and breeding. Despite extensive research, the sex determining gene(s) in plants had not been identified until recently. In this review, we dissect plant sex evolution and determining systems, with a focus on crop species. We introduced classic studies with theoretical, genetic, and cytogenic approaches, as well as more recent research using advanced molecular and genomic techniques. Plants have undergone very frequent transitions into, and out of, dioecy. Although only a few sex determinants have been identified in plants, an integrative viewpoint on their evolutionary trends suggests that recurrent neofunctionalization events are potentially common, in a “scrap and (re)build” cycle. We also discuss the potential association between crop domestication and transitions in sexual systems. We focus on the contribution of duplication events, which are particularly frequent in plant taxa, as a trigger for the creation of new sexual systems.

著者

Keisuke Nagai Motoyuki Ashikari

出版者

Japanese Society of Breeding

雑誌

Breeding Science (ISSN:13447610)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.2, pp.108-116, 2023 (Released:2023-06-06)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

5

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Rice plants that form ventilated tissues, such as aerenchyma in the leaves, stems, and roots, allow for growth in waterlogged conditions (paddy fields), but they cannot breathe and drown in flooded environments where the whole plant body is submerged. However, deepwater rice plants grown in flood-prone areas of Southeast Asia survive in prolonged flooded environments by taking in air through an elongated stem (internode) and leaves that emerge above the water surface, even if the water level is several meters high and flooding continues for several months. Although it has been known that plant hormones, such as ethylene and gibberellins, promote internode elongation in deepwater rice plants, the genes that control rapid internode elongation during submergence have not been identified. We recently identified several genes responsible for the quantitative trait loci involved in internode elongation in deepwater rice. Identification of the the genes revealed a molecular gene network from ethylene to gibberellins in which internode elongation is promoted by novel ethylene-responsive factors and enhances gibberellin responsiveness at the internode. In addition, elucidation of the molecular mechanism of internode elongation in deepwater rice will help our understanding of the internode elongation mechanism in normal paddy rice and contribute to improving crops through the regulation of internode elongation.

著者

Yu Takahashi Hiroo Nasu Seiji Nakayama Norihiko Tomooka

出版者

Japanese Society of Breeding

雑誌

Breeding Science (ISSN:13447610)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.2, pp.117-131, 2023 (Released:2023-06-06)

参考文献数

132

被引用文献数

3

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Domestication of azuki bean and soybean has enabled them to acquire non-dormant seeds, non-shattering pods, and larger seed size. Seed remains of the Jomon period recently discovered at archeological sites in the Central Highlands of Japan (6,000–4,000 BP) suggest that the use of azuki bean and soybean and their increase in seed size began earlier in Japan than in China and Korea; molecular phylogenetic studies indicate that azuki bean and soybean originated in Japan. Recent identification of domestication genes indicate that the domestication traits of azuki bean and soybean were established by different mechanisms. Analyses of domestication related genes using DNA extracted from the seed remains would reveal further details about their domestication processes.

著者

Masaya Yamamoto Tomoko Ishii Marina Ogura Takashi Akanuma Xing-Yu Zhu Hiroyasu Kitashiba

出版者

Japanese Society of Breeding

雑誌

Breeding Science (ISSN:13447610)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.2, pp.132-145, 2023 (Released:2023-06-06)

参考文献数

97

被引用文献数

1

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Self-incompatibility is the system that inhibits pollen germination and pollen tube growth by self-pollen. This trait is important for the breeding of Brassica and Raphanus species. In these species, self-incompatibility is governed by the S locus, which contains three linked genes (a set called the S haplotype), i.e., S-locus receptor kinase, S-locus cysteine-rich protein/S-locus protein 11, and S-locus glycoprotein. A large number of S haplotypes have been identified in Brassica oleracea, B. rapa, and Raphanus sativus to date, and the nucleotide sequences of their many alleles have also been registered. In this state, it is important to avoid confusion between S haplotypes, i.e., an identical S haplotype with different names and a different S haplotype with an identical S haplotype number. To mitigate this issue, we herein constructed a list of S haplotypes that are easily accessible to the latest nucleotide sequences of S-haplotype genes, together with revisions to and an update of S haplotype information. Furthermore, the histories of the S-haplotype collection in the three species are reviewed, the importance of the collection of S haplotypes as a genetic resource is discussed, and the management of information on S haplotypes is proposed.

著者

Maneechat Nikornpun Kridsada Sukwiwat Kittisak Wongsing Jutamas Kumchai

出版者

Japanese Society of Breeding

雑誌

Breeding Science (ISSN:13447610)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.2, pp.158-167, 2023 (Released:2023-06-06)

参考文献数

48

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Selfing and crossing methods were used to develop the cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) lines from 2 elite F1 hybrids of CMS hot chilies. The pungency of the CMS lines was improved by backcrossing with the B cultivar. The first and second backcrossed progenies of the CMS lines showed significantly higher capsaicin contents than the F1 hybrids. One good female line K16 × BBC2 (K16), was selected and backcrossed with 3 good maintainer cultivars, C5, C9 and C0. Some incomplete male sterility of pollens was demonstrated in the F1 hybrids and the 1st backcrossed progenies while the partial sterility disappeared by the stage of the second and third generations of backcrossing. When K16 and P32 were crossed with restorers, fruit yields and yield components of certain F1 hybrids, parental lines and commercial varieties were significantly different. Heterosis of yield and yield components of the F1 hybrid chilies was significant. When K16 was used as a female parent, positive and significant heterosis of the F1 hybrids was the same as P32. Moreover, significant GCA of the restorer lines, C7, C8 and C9, was observed in some horticultural characteristics. Furthermore, significant differences of the specific combining ability of some characteristics were observed in a few F1 hybrids.

著者

橋本勲著 カラーオフィス編

出版者

カラーオフィス

巻号頁・発行日

2006

著者

Lijiao Fan Dongshan Wei Xingwang Yu Fengqiang Yu Jiameng Wang Guirong Sun Alatengsuhe Li Zhang Guosheng Zhang Haifeng Yang

出版者

Japanese Society of Breeding

雑誌

Breeding Science (ISSN:13447610)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.2, pp.180-192, 2023 (Released:2023-06-06)

参考文献数

62

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To identify the function of the SpsNAC042 gene and its response to salt and drought stress, the SpsNAC042 gene was transformed into Populus hopeiensis by the Agrobacterium-mediated leaf disc method, and the phenotypic, physiological changes and related genes expression of transgenic lines were analyzed. The results showed that the number and length of roots of transgenic lines increased significantly. The leaves of transgenic lines curled inward. Under salt and simulated drought stress, the transgenic lines showed improved tolerance to salt and drought. The activities of SOD, POD, CAT and proline content in the transgenic lines were significantly increased, and the reduction rates of total chlorophyll and MDA content were significantly decreased, which indicated that the transgenic lines showed strong physiological responses under stress. Meanwhile, the gene expression of MPK6, SOS1, HKT1 and P5CS1 were significantly upregulated, and the gene expression of PRODH1 was significantly downregulated, which preliminarily verified the stress regulation mechanism that SpsNAC042 might activate. The above results showed that the SpsNAC042 gene could promote root development, make leaf morphology curl, and enhance P. hopeiensis tolerance to stress.

著者

Ngoc B. Nguyen Nguyet T. M. Nguyen Nhai T. Nguyen Linh H. Le Nghia T. La Thuy T. T. Nguyen Mary Jeany Yanoria Nagao Hayashi Hiroki Saito Mitsuhiro Obara Tadashi Sato Yoshimichi Fukuta

出版者

Japanese Society of Breeding

雑誌

Breeding Science (ISSN:13447610)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.2, pp.193-203, 2023 (Released:2023-06-06)

参考文献数

40

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A unique genetic variation with respect to blast resistance was clarified in 201 rice accessions from Vietnam. These accessions were classified into three clusters—A, B1, and B2—based on their reactions to 26 standard differential blast isolates selected in Vietnam. Cluster A was the dominant cultivar group in Vietnam and the most susceptible of the three clusters. Cluster B1 was the smallest group and the most resistant. Cluster B2 was the second-most dominant group and of intermediate resistance between clusters A and B1. The percentages of accessions comprising each cluster varied by region and area. Accessions in cluster A were distributed widely throughout Vietnam and had the highest frequencies in both the Central and North regions. Accessions in cluster B2 were found with highest frequencies in the mountainous and intermediate areas of the North region. Accessions in cluster B1 were found with highest frequencies in the Central region and Red River Delta area (North region). These results suggest that rice accessions in Vietnam were basically susceptible (cluster A) or of intermediate resistance (cluster B2), and that high-resistance cultivars were mainly distributed in the low altitude areas, such as the Red River Delta area and Central region.

著者

Naoya Yamaguchi Yumi Sato Fumio Taguchi-Shiobara Kazuki Yamashita Michio Kawasaki Masao Ishimoto Mineo Senda

出版者

Japanese Society of Breeding

雑誌

Breeding Science (ISSN:13447610)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.2, pp.204-211, 2023 (Released:2023-06-06)

参考文献数

32

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Low temperatures after flowering cause seed cracking (SC) in soybean. Previously, we reported that proanthocyanidin accumulation on the dorsal side of the seed coat, controlled by the I locus, may lead to cracked seeds; and that homozygous IcIc alleles at the I locus confer SC tolerance in the line Toiku 248. To discover new genes related to SC tolerance, we evaluated the physical and genetic mechanisms of SC tolerance in the cultivar Toyomizuki (genotype II). Histological and texture analyses of the seed coat revealed that the ability to maintain hardness and flexibility under low temperature, regardless of proanthocyanidin accumulation in the dorsal seed coat, contributes to SC tolerance in Toyomizuki. This indicated that the SC tolerance mechanism differed between Toyomizuki and Toiku 248. A quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis of recombinant inbred lines revealed a new, stable QTL related to SC tolerance. The relationship between this new QTL, designated as qCS8-2, and SC tolerance was confirmed in residual heterozygous lines. The distance between qCS8-2 and the previously identified QTL qCS8-1, which is likely the Ic allele, was estimated to be 2–3 Mb, so it will be possible to pyramid these regions to develop new cultivars with increased SC tolerance.

著者

Katsunori Tanaka Mitsuhiro Sugiyama Gentaro Shigita Ryoma Murakami Thanh-Thuy Duong Yasheng Aierken Anna M Artemyeva Zharas Mamypbelov Ryuji Ishikawa Hidetaka Nishida Kenji Kato

出版者

Japanese Society of Breeding

雑誌

Breeding Science (ISSN:13447610)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.2, pp.219-229, 2023 (Released:2023-06-06)

参考文献数

57

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To uncover population structure, phylogenetic relationship, and diversity in melons along the famous Silk Road, a seed size measurement and a phylogenetic analysis using five chloroplast genome markers, 17 RAPD markers and 11 SSR markers were conducted for 87 Kazakh melon accessions with reference accessions. Kazakh melon accessions had large seed with exception of two accessions of weedy melon, Group Agrestis, and consisted of three cytoplasm types, of which Ib-1/-2 and Ib-3 were dominant in Kazakhstan and nearby areas such as northwestern China, Central Asia and Russia. Molecular phylogeny showed that two unique genetic groups, STIa-2 with Ib-1/-2 cytoplasm and STIa-1 with Ib-3 cytoplasm, and one admixed group, STIAD combined with STIa and STIb, were prevalent across all Kazakh melon groups. STIAD melons that phylogenetically overlapped with STIa-1 and STIa-2 melons were frequent in the eastern Silk Road region, including Kazakhstan. Evidently, a small population contributed to melon development and variation in the eastern Silk Road. Conscious preservation of fruit traits specific to Kazakh melon groups is thought to play a role in the conservation of Kazakh melon genetic variation during melon production, where hybrid progenies were generated through open pollination.

著者

Mari Sugiyama Miyu Norizuki Shinji Kikuchi Yasuo Yasui Katsuhiro Matsui

出版者

Japanese Society of Breeding

雑誌

Breeding Science (ISSN:13447610)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.2, pp.230-236, 2023 (Released:2023-06-06)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

1

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Common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) is an annual self-incompatible plant that is widely grown. The genus Fagopyrum comprises more than 20 species, including F. cymosum, a perennial that, unlike common buckwheat, is highly resistant to excess water. In this study, we developed interspecific hybrids between F. esculentum and F. cymosum via embryo rescue, to improve undesirable traits of common buckwheat, such as low tolerance to excess water. The interspecific hybrids were confirmed by genomic in situ hybridization (GISH). We also developed DNA markers to confirm the identity of the hybrids and if genes derived from each genome were inherited by the next generation. Observations of pollen indicated that the interspecific hybrids were essentially sterile. Unpaired chromosomes and abnormal segregation during meiosis were likely responsible for the pollen sterility of the hybrids. These findings could facilitate buckwheat breeding to produce lines that can withstand harsh environments with wild or related species in the genus Fagopyrum.

著者

石田 和夫

出版者

学校法人滝川学園 名古屋文理大学

雑誌

名古屋文理短期大学紀要 (ISSN:09146474)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, pp.25-31, 1988-04-01 (Released:2019-07-01)

被引用文献数

2

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B.cereus「嘔吐型」食中毒と,原因食のほとんどを占める米飯との因果関係を明らかにする基礎的な資料を得る目的で,生米における本菌の汚染実態調査と,米飯における増殖試験を行った.1)生米121検体のうち,76検体(62.8%)からB.cereusが検出され,生米が本菌によって広く汚染を受けているという結果となった.生米1gあたりのB.cereus菌数は101〜102であった.2)分離したB.cereus76株について生化学性状を調べ,生物型分類を行ったところ,食中毒原性の疑われる生物型6型と7型については,7型に分類されたものが1株のみで,6型はなかった.従って,生米を汚染しているB.cereusが食中毒を惹き起こす危険性は低いものと推察された.3)生物型の異なる3種(1型,2型,6型)のB.cereusの米飯での増殖試験を行ったが,食中毒原性の疑われる6型の増殖がやや低かった.これはデンプン水解性の有無による差と推察された.

著者

坊津町郷土誌編纂委員会編

出版者

[坊津町]

巻号頁・発行日

1969

著者

石川 幸子

出版者

日本語学会

雑誌

日本語の研究 (ISSN:13495119)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, no.3, pp.48-52, 2013-07-01 (Released:2017-07-28)

著者

鳥取県立図書館編集

出版者

鳥取県立図書館

巻号頁・発行日

2013

著者

杉田 智美

出版者

甲南女子大学

雑誌

甲南女子大学研究紀要. 文学・文化編 = Studies in Literature and Culture (ISSN:1347121X)

巻号頁・発行日

no.44, pp.A53-A60, 2008-03-20

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This Thesis is the study of essays in the magazine HOTOTOGISU, by SAKAMOTO Shihota (1873-1917). In the 1900s, HOTOTOGISU's authors aim was to write a sketch of spoken Japanese language. Shihota, using the method of sketching, tried to reproduce spoken language which is discussed here. Shihota took uncontrollable conversational style writing and sketched it in the written style language. But, on the other hand, his challenge was how to help the organization of one hierarchical language by using another one. His sketch essays suppressed the lower class women and strengthened the solidarity of the students language and the people who used it. From there is where the slogan "sketch" held up HOTOTOGISU's possibilities and limitations which became apparent. This Thesis will hopefully help in the process of research by using the Japanese language as its standard.

著者

本多 芳男

出版者

耳鼻咽喉科展望会

雑誌

耳鼻咽喉科展望 (ISSN:03869687)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.43, no.2, pp.141-146, 2000-04-15 (Released:2011-03-18)

参考文献数

6

著者

横井 佐織

出版者

公益社団法人 日本農芸化学会

雑誌

化学と生物 (ISSN:0453073X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.6, pp.406-411, 2017-05-20 (Released:2018-05-20)

参考文献数

13

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多くの動物は,自らの子孫を残すためにさまざまな配偶戦略をもつ.たとえばオスに着目して考えると,オス間競争に勝利し,メスから配偶者として受け入れられる(配偶者選択される)必要があり,これらを単独に研究した例はこれまでに多く存在した.しかしながら,オス間競争とメスの配偶者選択との相互作用については,3個体に着目する難しさからか,不明な点が多く残されている.本稿では,分子遺伝学的手法を利用可能なメダカを用い,オス,オス,メスの三者関係によって誘起される配偶者防衛行動に着目することで,オス間競争とメスの配偶者選択との相互作用の一部について明らかになったことを紹介したい.

著者

藤原 若彦 藤原 三男

出版者

公益社団法人 日本獣医師会

雑誌

日本獣医師会雑誌 (ISSN:04466454)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.7, pp.313-316, 1969-07-20 (Released:2011-06-17)