著者

徳永 椋二 室田 昌子

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.86, no.790, pp.2665-2676, 2021-12-01 (Released:2021-12-01)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

1

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In Japan, super high–rise condominiums have become highly in demand because they are generally convenient and have excellent views, large–scale open spaces, and common facilities. On the other hand, these condominiums have some issues such as dealing with disaster prevention, negative impacts for local area, and weakness of local communities. Therefore, it is necessary to grasp residents’ consciousness in order to solve issues in super high-rise condominium area. This study aims to grasp residents’ interaction in the local communities and their willingness to participate in local and community activities, and clarify the structure and factors of their willingness to solve local issues in super high-rise condominiums. We targeted in specific area of Kawasaki City. In this area, super high-rise condominiums have accumulated due to redevelopment such as factory sites since 2005. We conducted interview survey of each management association of super high-rise condominium and area management organization in this area, besides questionnaire survey of residents in two super high-rise condominiums in order to grasp actual condition of residents’ interaction and willingness to participate in local and community activities. Firstly, we grasped residents’ characteristics of interaction and their consciousness. Many residents’ relationships are formed by the interaction in their condominiums, except for the relationships related to children. Approximately 40% of residents hope relationships such as being able to help each other in the event of emergencies, and they have high consciousness of disaster prevention. However, there are a certain number of residents who hope general relationships such as closeness of their age. Secondly, according to the covariance structure analysis, the high willingness for regional contribution activities directly increases the degree of willingness to solve local issues, but neither the willingness for community activities nor the willingness for condominium’s contribution activities lead to the willingness to solve local issues directly. Finally, we analyzed factors of their willingness to solve local issues. The factors that motivate residents to solve local issues are having their clear purposes such as participation of disaster prevention activities and cultural activities such as hobbies, and the ability to solve local issues. In conclusion, residents in this area have highly motivation of disaster prevention and, their willingness for community activities does not directly lead to their willingness to solve local issues. In order to improve residents’ willingness to solve local issues in super high-rise condominiums, it is necessary to build the local organization which specializes to deal with issues and purposes.

著者

伊藤 孝紀 豊福 拓歩 鈴木 篤也 吉田 夏稀 西田 智裕

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.86, no.790, pp.2632-2642, 2021-12-01 (Released:2021-12-01)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

1

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In recent years, further improvement in intellectual productivity has been demanded due to the progress of the knowledge society. Along with this, the way of working places has been reviewed, such as increasing the degree of freedom of working hours and places, improving productivity, and improving the working environment to facilitate communication. Meanwhile, it is said that activation of communication is indispensable for knowledge creation in the field of cognitive science, and it is important to focus on gestures and utterances in order to understand the characteristics of knowledge creation. In addition, the idea of “Activity Based Working (ABW)” has emerged as a work style that allows workers to choose the environment according to the diversified work content, increasing the opportunity to take various postures in various spaces. Base on above, the objective of this study is to clarify effects of postures focus on gestures and utterances. This study is comprised of Task selection experiment, Speaking tendency grasping experiment, utterances and gestures, text mining of utterance content. The results are as follows. Table 5 show results of Task selection experiment. Theme A. B. C. G was selected in this survey. Fig. 5 and Table 13 show results of Speaking tendency grasping experiment. Points of motivation was highest in standing. Points of ideas was highest in low sitting. Table 15 and Fig. 6 show results of utterances and gestures. This survey clarified that posture has little effect on speaking time and number of utterances, number of turn-taking, gesture time, and gesture occurrence frequency. Table 17 and Fig. 8 show results of text mining of utterance content. Number of networks was least in standing and most in low sitting.

著者

三浦 研 安田 渓

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.86, no.790, pp.2578-2586, 2021-12-01 (Released:2021-12-01)

参考文献数

10

被引用文献数

1

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Background In Greater Tokyo areas with well-developed transportation networks and high land prices, there is a possibility that elderly people are leaving their familiar areas and moving to distant Residences For Elderly People with Services, or REPS. However, since prefectures, ordinance-designated cities, and core cities individually manage the REPS, the actual situation over a wide area of the Greater Tokyo area has not been ascertained as to where and what kind of REPS are being constructed. Objective The purpose of this study is to clarify the distribution trend of REPS in the Greater Tokyo area from the perspective of resident attributes such as the long-term care level and the care functions attached to REPS, while comparing it with REPS data from across Japan. Research Method In this study, 7415 registered information and 3261 management information of REPS nationwide as of August 2019 were obtained, and analyzed the distribution of the REPS in the Greater Tokyo area on GIS using CSV address matching service. Results Based on the information available in the database, the distribution of REPS in the Tokyo metropolitan was analyzed on a map, and segregation by rent and tenants' long-term care level was found, as shown below. The REPS located in the center of the Greater Tokyo area has more than 50 units and a large private area, and it also has a Home-Visit Long-Term Care. On the other hand, the REPS in remote areas have only about 30 units and a private area of less than 20 square meters and provide nursing care through Outpatient Day Long-Term Care. In addition, there were many REPS in the prefectures far from Tokyo, with about 30 units and an exclusive area of less than 20 square meters. In the prefectures farther from Tokyo, the residents' average long-term care level was higher than in other prefectures, resulting from older people requiring care moving from Tokyo. As a result of analyzing the ratio of male and female residents, the REPS with a high ratio of male residents tended to be distributed in the outer rim of the Greater Tokyo area. The characteristics of REPS with a high ratio of males include inconvenient locations, low rent, and a tendency to require a high care level despite their relative youth. From the perspective of nursing care, there is a tendency for low-income male older people to move to distant areas with poor conditions when moving into the REPS.  Conclusion In the Greater Tokyo area, a GIS analysis showed that REPS was accepting older people in need of nursing care Tokyo in prefectures 40 to 60 kilometers away from central Tokyo. In this metropolitan area, older people in need of nursing care in Tokyo are accepted by REPS in prefectures far away from Tokyo. This indicates that the land prices in Tokyo are so high that older people in need of nursing care cannot continue to live there and are forced to relocate to remote areas in search of low-cost REPS. The reality that low-income older people cannot continue to live in Tokyo may necessitate the development of low-cost housing for the elderly, such as safety-net accommodation renovated from existing private homes.

著者

平竹 進 中西 洋一 山田 博之 吉田 浩二

出版者

大同特殊鋼株式会社

雑誌

電気製鋼 (ISSN:00118389)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.1, pp.74-81, 1984

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An industrial scale new melting process, named Plasma Progressive Casting Furnace (PPC-F) was designed and constructed by Daido Steel Co., in Daido's Hoshizaki Plant. This process is suitable for making a titanium primary ingot (VAR electrode) directly from grain sponge and/or various shapes of scraps without requirement for compaction and electrode fabrication. The furnace has six plasma torches circling around the water cooled crucible. Plasma arcs are controlled by magnetic field which also makes molten pool rotate. Materials are fed and melted continuously and solidified ingot is withdrawn progressively.<br>This process has a distinctive advantage of efficient utilization of small sized scraps which is difficult to remelt in usual VAR process and a high reduction of the melting cost is accordingly expected.

著者

宮原 真美子 佃 悠

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.86, no.790, pp.2541-2548, 2021-12-01 (Released:2021-12-01)

参考文献数

6

被引用文献数

2

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COVID-19 state-of-emergency declaration issued on 7 April 2021 promoted employees' teleworking from home in Japan. In recent years many companies in the metropolitan area have been constructing the ICT infrastructure to adopt telecommuting during the Olympics and Paralympics to help ease traffic congestion; however, employees' workspace hasn't been discussed. What kind of issues with telecommuting employees who work remotely at dwelling house planned as a place where the family takes a rest and gets together? In this paper, the subjects of the questionnaire investigation were based on the employees working remotely from home under the state-of-emergency declaration from 7 April until 25 May. The purpose of this research is to represent the actual conditions and issues related to workspace at home. The survey was conducted by the web questionnaire, collected 209 valid answers, and 82 respondents submitted both floor plans and the photo, which showed the workspace. The attributes of respondents included 49 single-person households, 42 Households of couple only, 96 Households of a couple with unmarried children, 15 Households of a parent with unmarried adult or couple, four three-generation-family households, and three other households. The questionnaire survey asked the room's name, which is used as a workspace if the rooms were independent of other living spaces found following aspects of teleworking. Ninety-three households have their workspace in their living room or dining room, accounting for about half of all respondents, while 47 families have a workspace in their study or their private room. Some respondents used multiple rooms as a workspace depending on the situation of other family members at home, the weather, and the mood. 35 cases out of 42 in a single-person household and 35 points out of 49 in couple only household answered that workspace is not independent of the living space. On the other hand, 47 families consist of a couple with unmarried children, out of 94 couples answered it which accounts for only about half. On the other hand, the answer "independent of other living spaces" includes the living room or dining room. There are cases where secure a workspace in the corner of a living room or dining room, so it seems not to secure a space dedicated to work. The analysis of 82 cases in which respondents submitted both a floor plan and photograph showing the workspace in their house found the aspect below. Some single-person households have ingenuities, such as changing the low-table into a work desk and arranging the desk in front of the wall to protect privacy. In the case of a couple-only household working from home, they sit face to face and work at the dining table together and use the bedroom as an extra workspace to avoid noise. Under the state of emergency in April, educational institutions were closed, so households of a couple with unmarried children were required to balance childcare and work. Therefore, some cases in households of a couple with unmarried children intentionally secured workspaces in the living room and dining room to child-caring, even if there was room in the floor plan. When working from home, there is an issue of the house's size, but the impact of the life stage is even significant.

著者

千 芳紀 千 宗員

出版者

同志社大学

巻号頁・発行日

2012

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Doshisha University

著者

御舩 美絵

出版者

一般社団法人 AYAがんの医療と支援のあり方研究会

雑誌

AYAがんの医療と支援 (ISSN:24359246)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, no.1, pp.45-47, 2021 (Released:2021-02-03)

参考文献数

1

著者

渡邉 孝信 諫川 輝之

出版者

一般社団法人 日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会技術報告集 (ISSN:13419463)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.68, pp.374-379, 2022-02-20 (Released:2022-02-20)

参考文献数

10

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In urban areas, there are many culverts (underground rivers) and inland flooding occurs easily around them. This study focuses on how development type of culverts influence on residents’ cognition of culverts and flood risk perception. Three areas were selected from Setagaya Ward with varying physical features, and questionnaire was distributed. Compared to road that is not a green road, culverts under green roads highly recognized as culverts. Although flood risk perception did not differ significantly between the areas, on an individual level, development type of culverts and interaction with them may influence on risk perception via cognition of culverts.

著者

久保 隆太郎 林 立也 樋山 恭助

出版者

一般社団法人 日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会技術報告集 (ISSN:13419463)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.68, pp.326-331, 2022-02-20 (Released:2022-02-20)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

1

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In recent years, enhancing worker productivity is being recognized as one of the important management issues of companies in response to global environmental issues and work style reforms by governments. In Japan, the CASBEE-Wellness Office was developed in 2019. To disseminate this assessment system and widely expand wellness offices in the real estate market in the future, it is important to demonstrate the benefits to the related market participants. In this study, we report the findings of building performance assessment using CASBEE-Wellness Office for office buildings and a comparison of rent, which is considered to affect building value.

著者

下地賀代子編著

出版者

多良間村教育委員会

巻号頁・発行日

2017

著者

中野 泰河 劉 雪峰

出版者

一般社団法人 日本応用数理学会

雑誌

日本応用数理学会論文誌 (ISSN:24240982)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.4, pp.362-382, 2019 (Released:2019-12-25)

参考文献数

20

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概要. 本論文ではHypercircle法を用いてPoisson方程式の有限要素解に対する局所事後誤差評価の手法を提案する.当該手法の特徴として,解のH2正則性によらずに関心のある領域における有限要素解の定量的な局所誤差評価を得ることができる.また,2次元および3次元領域で定義されるPoisson方程式に対して数値実験を行って,提案手法の有効性を示した.

著者

保住 敏彦

出版者

経済学史学会

雑誌

経済学史学会年報 (ISSN:04534786)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.33, pp.39-51, 1995

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In this paper, I examine the thoretical works of Friedrich Engels in his youth and later years in order to elucidate the significance and limitation of that work. I have investigated the following: <i>Outlines of a Critique of Political Economy</i>, and <i>The Condition of the Working Class in England</i>, which are early works, and <i>Anti-D&uuml;hring</i>, a later work. My research indicates that the young Engels moved from Left-Hegelianism to Communism in 1842, earlier than young Marx, and played an important role in formulating the Materialist Conception of History. The paper traces the development of Marx's ideas as contained in the theory of alienated labour in <i>Economic and Philosophical Manuscript</i> (1844) and compares them to those of the Materialist Conception of History in <i>The German Ideology</i> (1846) by Engels and Marx. Finally it examines Engels' book Anti-D&uuml;hring (1885) in order to discover the characteristics of his interpretation of Marxian Theories, and finds his interpretation of history evolutionistic and optimistic.

著者

髙柳 春希 西田 隆義 安田 弘法

出版者

日本応用動物昆虫学会

雑誌

日本応用動物昆虫学会誌 (ISSN:00214914)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.2, pp.81-91, 2017-05-25 (Released:2017-06-18)

参考文献数

37

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Although biological interactions have been studied intensively to account for population dynamics and community structure, little is known of the aquatic organisms that inhabit paddy fields, despite their high biodiversity. We conducted field research and an experiment to elucidate direct and indirect interactions among micro- and filamentous algae, their consumers(fingernail clams and water fleas consume the former and chironomids the latter), and loaches that prey on water fleas and chironomids. The experiment examined the effects loaches and fingernail clams have on algae biomass. Fingernail clams reduced microalgae biomass by filter feeding, while loaches increased it by feeding on water fleas. Loach predation on water fleas increased the biomass of microalgae indirectly, which might have led to an increased density of fingernail clams. Filter feeding on microalgae by fingernail clams increased the density of filamentous algae, a potential competitor of microalgae, suggesting that fingernail clams increase the density of chironomids by enhancing their diet, which may then increase the density of the loaches that prey on chironomids. Field research revealed a positive spatial association between loaches and fingernail clams, attributable to their mutual food resource facilitation.

著者

島崎藤村 著

出版者

春陽堂

巻号頁・発行日

vol.上巻, 1923

著者

衛藤 知子 松本 清 筬島 豊

出版者

社団法人 日本食品科学工学会

雑誌

日本食品工業学会誌 (ISSN:00290394)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, no.1, pp.55-60, 1990

被引用文献数

1

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プロテアーゼのたん白質消化力測定の,ろ過および発色操作をフローインジェクション分析法(FIA)によって自動化した.たん白質消化力は,カゼインを基質としてトリクロロ酢酸可溶性低分子分解産物をフォリン試薬で発色させることによって測定した.自動ろ過装置はフラクションコレクターにろ過管供給器を取り付けて製作ラクションコレクターにろ過管供給器を取り付けて製作し,測定データの取り込みおよび処理にはコンピューターを導入した.サンプルのインジェクション量を200μlとしたとき,サンプリング回数は20h-1であった.また,チロシン濃度10~50μg/mlの範囲では検量線は直線であり,繰り返し測定の結果は, 25μg/mlのチロシン標準液200μlを用いた場合, CV=2.35%(n=10)であった.同一サンプルをバッチ法と本法とで発色させ,たん白質消化力の値を求めたところ,相関係数r=0.998と良好に一致した.

著者

花岡 正幸

出版者

一般社団法人 日本臨床薬理学会

雑誌

日本臨床薬理学会学術総会抄録集

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, pp.1-S05-1, 2021

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<p>薬剤性肺障害は、「薬剤を投与中に起きた呼吸器系の障害のなかで、薬剤と関連があるもの」と定義される。薬剤は医師が処方したものだけでなく、一般薬、生薬、健康食品・サプリメント、さらに非合法薬などすべてを含む。また、呼吸器系の障害とは肺胞・間質領域病変だけでなく、気道病変、血管病変、胸膜病変などが含まれ、さらに器質的障害から機能的障害まで様々である。</p><p>薬剤性肺障害の診断は、「すべての薬剤は肺障害を起こす可能性があり、薬剤投与中のみならず投与終了後にも発生することを常に念頭に置く」ことから始まる。すなわち、多種多様な薬剤を扱う臨床医にとって、肺に異常陰影の出現をみた場合、必ず鑑別しなければならない病態である。</p><p>薬剤性肺障害のうち、肺胞・間質領域に病変の主座を認めるものを「薬剤性肺炎」と呼ぶ。薬剤性肺炎の被疑薬として、抗悪性腫瘍治療薬、関節リウマチ治療薬、漢方薬などが多く、大部分は薬剤の投与開始から120日以内に発症する。中高年の男性に多い傾向があり、喫煙歴や既存の肺病変などリスク因子が存在する。国際比較により、海外よりも国内(日本人)での発生頻度が高いことが知られている。自覚症状は咳嗽、呼吸困難、発熱が多いが、その臨床病型は多彩で非特異的である。診断の手がかりは高分解能(HR)CT所見であり、画像パターンと既報告との類似性の評価が重要となる。薬剤性肺炎の画像パターンは、びまん性肺胞傷害(DAD)、過敏性肺炎(HP)、器質化肺炎(OP)、非特異性間質性肺炎(NSIP)、急性好酸球性肺炎(AEP)の5つに大別される。現在までのところ診断の決め手はなく、除外診断となる。鑑別診断としては、呼吸器感染症、既存の肺病変の悪化、および心原性肺水腫が重要である。</p><p>治療の原則は被疑薬の中止であり、重症度に応じてステロイド治療を考慮する。さらに、呼吸不全やDAD型肺障害を呈する症例は、ステロイドパルス療法を含めた集学的な治療が必要となる。予後は比較的良好であるが、一般的にDAD型肺障害は治療抵抗性で予後不良である。</p><p>本シンポジウムでは、薬剤性肺炎の病態、診断、治療など臨床像を中心に解説する。</p>

著者

広瀬 源二郎

出版者

日本医師会

雑誌

日本医師会雑誌 (ISSN:00214493)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.107, no.11, pp.p1974-1977, 1992-06-01

著者

遠藤 仁

雑誌

宮城教育大学紀要 = BULLETIN OF MIYAGI UNIVERSITY OF EDUCATION

巻号頁・発行日

vol.56, pp.75-89, 2022-01-31

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本稿では、明治期より親しまれてきた「マッチ売りの少女」の表現と文体のうち、特に文末表現に着目し、文語から口語へ、そして「読むための物語」から「語りかける物語」に変容していくプロセスをたどってみた。その結果、昭和20年代後半、折しも「岩波少年文庫」の創刊と相前後するかのように「デス・マス体」専用の軽快かつ安定した訳文に統一され、今日まで親しまれてきたこと、書きことばとしての規範性や形式性が強く作用した結果として、話しことばの標準化より20年あまりも早く訳文の現代口語化を完了していることが明らかとなった。

著者

橋本 信子

著者

小口 昌美 内木 久郎

出版者

日本医科大学医学会

雑誌

日本医科大学雑誌 (ISSN:00480444)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.8, pp.597-599, 1954