著者
大東 隆行
出版者
日経BP社
雑誌
日経ビジネス (ISSN:00290491)
巻号頁・発行日
no.1595, pp.84-87, 2011-06-13

王将フードサービス社長。1941年大阪府生まれ。関西経理専門学校を中退後、薪炭・氷販売業の経営を経て69年に、義兄の故・加藤朝雄氏が創業した「餃子の王将」1号店に入店した。84年10月の取締役昇格後、専務、副社長を経て2000年4月に社長に就任。王将フードサービスの急成長を牽引した。
著者
長坂 哲 酒井 正彦 坂部 俊樹 草刈 圭一朗 西田 直樹
出版者
一般社団法人電子情報通信学会
雑誌
電子情報通信学会技術研究報告. SS, ソフトウェアサイエンス (ISSN:09135685)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.110, no.227, pp.55-60, 2010-10-07
被引用文献数
2

Malbolgeは最も難解なプログラミング言語として知られている.本研究では,飯澤らが提案したプログラミング手法に基づいて,Malbolgeが弱チューリング完全性を持つこと示す.そのために,チューリング完全性を持つ正規形のNプログラムをMalbolgeコードに変換できることを示す.ここで,本稿で示す性質が弱チューリング完全性であるのは,Malbolgeが固定されたメモリ空間およびレジスタ長の仮想機械により意味が定められているためである.
著者
竹田 泉
出版者
政治経済学・経済史学会
雑誌
歴史と経済 (ISSN:13479660)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.45, no.4, pp.1-18, 2003-07-30

This paper regards the calico-substitute industry of 18th century Lancashire as an 'embryonic cotton industry' and investigates how it developed into pure-cotton industry. In past research, little attention has been given to the pre-water-frame era, and only fustian has been considered as a mediation to pure-cotton calico. I start by considering the question, "what was calico-substitute: fustian or linen?" I then closely examine the following two issues: 1.) how the export of Lancashire linens to the Atlantic world developed in competition with Indian calicoes, and 2.) how linen yarn for warp was supplied to Lancashire until the appearance of the water-frame. In 18th century Lancashire, linens filled the role of calico-substitutes. Both linen and fustian were linen-cotton fabrics (cotton weft and linen warp), but while linen was a thin, light cloth, fustian was heavy and thick. Furthermore, linen could be finished with bright colours, and was very suitable for underwear because it could be easily washed. Lancashire linen had the same character as calico, in that it could be used in every corner of the globe, whatever the climate. The Lancashire linen industry made products for universal use and sent them to many places in the Atlantic world. The process of the growth of the embryonic cotton industry depended heavily on the outside world, not only for the demand for the goods but also for the supply of raw materials: the Atlantic world as a market for linen, and Ireland as a supplier of linen yarns. This process was a preparatory stage for the coming pure-cotton industry. The Irish linen industry was incorporated as a yarn supplier into the growth process of the embryonic cotton industry of Lancashire. This viewpoint will help to cast further light on the relation between Britain and Ireland as well as the history of the Irish linen industry in the 18th century. At the same time, it could also offer a new perspective to the conventional question of how the British Industrial Revolution came about; that is, how important a role her closest and oldest colony, Ireland, played in its outbreak.
著者
中野 秀孝
出版者
京都府立医科大学
雑誌
京都府立医科大学雑誌 (ISSN:00236012)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.4, no.1, pp.C174-C198, 1930

精虫ノ運動並ビニ其ノ生活持續期間ニ關シテハ從來多數ノ學者ニ依リ研究セラル丶所ナレドモ精虫ノ酵素ニ關シテハ未ダ研究ゼラル・所少ク、唯二三ノ學者ニヨリ其ノ存在ヲ證明セラレタルニ過ギズ。Thunbergハ彼ノ考案セル硝子管ニ洗滌シタル筋肉組織トめちーれんぶらう(Mb)及ビ琥珀酸鹽トヲ加ヘ眞室ニスルトキハMbハ脱色シ、琥珀酸ハふまーる酸ニ變化スルコトヲ發見シ、コノ現象ハ筋肉中ニ存スル酵素ニヨリ起ルモノト認メ、コノ酵素ヲSuccinodehydrogenaseト稱シタリ。余ハ精虫モ亦コノ種ノ酵素ヲ有スルモノナラント考ヘ牛精虫ニ就キThunbergノ方法ヲ用ヒテ種々ノ實驗ヲ行ヒ次ノ結果ヲ得タリ。一、牛精虫浮游液ハ眞室中ニ於テMbヲ脱色ス。而シテ其ノ際眞察管内ニ於ケル精虫浮游液ノ濃度ハニ乃至五%Mb液ハ五千倍乃至二萬倍ノ濃度ヲ適當ト認ム。二、Mbハ牛精虫ニ對シ有害ニ作用シ五百倍液ハニ〇分後、一千倍液ハ三〇分後、二千倍乃至五千倍液ハ四〇分後其ノ運動ヲ停止セシム。三、精虫浮游液ニヨルMbノ脱色ニ適當ナルPHハ水槽温度三〇度ニ於テハ七・〇乃至八・九ニシテ就中PH7,381ガ最モ適當ナリ。四、精虫浮游液ニヨルMbノ脱色ニ及ボス滲透壓ノ影響ハ比較的小ナリ。食鹽水ニ於テハm/8ニ於テ最モ早ク脱色シ、m/7乃至m/16ニ於テハm/8ニ於ケルト大差ナシ。温血動物ノリんげる氏液ニ於テハ3/4倍ニ稀釋シタルモノ最モ早ク脱色シ、1/4倍ニ於テハ稍々遲ク、二倍液ニテハ甚ダ遲シ。葡萄糖液及ビ蔗糖液ニ於テハm/4或ハm/5液最モ早シ。五、定温水槽温度ハ二〇度以下ニ於テハ脱色時間甚ダ遲延スレドモ温度ノ高クナルニ從ヒ脱色ニ要スル時間ハ愈々早シ。然レ共四〇度以上ニ於テハ脱色時間ハ不定ニシテ六〇度ニ於テハ常ニ脱色セズ。二〇度乃至四〇度ニ於ケル脱色ノ速度ハ温度ニ對スル反應速度ノ法則ニ從ヒ、ソノQ_<10>ハ約二乃至三ナリ。六、精虫浮游液ハ第一回ノ洗滌ニヨリMbヲ脱色スル時間ハ甚ダ遅延ス、而シテ洗滌ノ回數ヲ重ヌルニ從ヒ其ノ遲延ノ度ハ愈々強ク遂ニハ脱色ヲ見ザルニ至ル。茲ニ特記スベキハ精虫浮游液ノ、Mbヲ脱色スル作用ト其ノ運動トハ無關係ナルコトニシテ丶度數回ノ洗滌ニヨリ脱色能力ヲ強度ニ失ヒタル精虫ニ於テモ尚活發ナル運動ヲ有シ、又運動ヲ停止セルモノニ於テモ強度ノ脱色能力ヲ有スルコトアリ。敷回洗滌セヲレタル精虫浮游夜ニ第一上清液ヲ加ラル時ハMbノ脱色ハ再ビ早ク現ハル。精虫ノMbヲ脱色ズル作用ハ七〇度ニ三〇分間加熱スルコトニヨリ消失スレドモ、上清液中ノ助成劑(Aktivator)ハ耐熱性ニシテえーてるニハ溶解セザレ共酒精ニ溶解ス。之等ノ所見ニヨリ精虫ハ酵素ヲ有シ、上清液ハ助成劑ヲ有スルモノト思考セラル。故ニMbノ脱色ハMb+酵素(精虫)+助成劑(上清液)ナル方式ニ於テ行ハル。然レ共コノ助成劑ハ副睾丸ノ組織液ニ特有ナルモノニ非ズシテ同種動物並ニ他種動物ノ筋肉、肝臓、攝護腺、精嚢、血清等ノ煮沸液中ニモ存在ス。尚更ニDonatorenニテモ之ヲ代用スルコトヲ得。余ノ實験ニ用ヒタルDonatoren中乳酸加里ハ最モ強度ノ賦活作用ヲ有シ殆ド上清液ノ作用ト相等シ。之ニ次ギ其ノ作用ノ強キモノヨリ順次ニ記載スレバ次ノ如シ。すぺるみん>麥芽糖>琥珀酸加里>ぐるたみん酸曹達>ぐりここる。然レ共ぐりここるノ賦活作用ヲ認ムルコト能ハズ。精虫ニヨルMbノ脱色ニハ次ン三因子ノ存在ヲ必要トス。即チ水素受領者(Mb),酵素(精虫中ニ含ム)及ビDonatoren(乳酸鹽、すぺるみん等)之ナリ。
著者
小泉 格
出版者
Tokyo Geographical Society
雑誌
地學雜誌 (ISSN:0022135X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.116, no.1, pp.62-78, 2007-02-25
被引用文献数
3 8

The results of hydro-environment researches into marine and lacustrine sediments revealed climatic variations which seem to have some relationships between turns in world history and climatic changes. In the Japan Sea and northeast Pacific off Kashima from the Late Glacial to the Holocene, diatom temperature, <I>Td</I>' = (frequency of warm-water species) - (frequency of warm-and cold-water species) <SUP>-1</SUP>?100, values show rhythmic fluctuations with durations of 1 kyr and 400-500 yrs (Koizumi et al., 2004, 2006). This indicates a strong and regular inflow of the warm Tsushima Current into the Japan Sea as a branch of the warm Kuroshio Current. The decreases of <I>Td</I>' values correspond to a period of climatic deterioration under which cultural changes occurred in Japan. The paleoclimatic variations and the triple events of high <SUP>14</SUP>C in the atmospheric residual <SUP>14</SUP>C record denoted by Stuiver <I>et al</I>. (1991) are recognized in the diatom variations.<BR>A similar periodicity is also recognized in North Atlantic drift ice (Bond <I>et al</I>., 2001), concentrations of sea salt and terrestrial dust in the GISP2 ice core (O'Brien <I>et al</I>., 1995), in lake deposits from the Jura in France (Magny, 1995), Tibet (Gasse et al., 1991; Ji <I>et al</I>., 2005), and Alaska (Hu <I>et al</I>., 2003), and oxygen isotope variations from stalagmites in southern China (Wang <I>et al</I>., 2005) and Oman (Neff <I>et al</I>., 2001).<BR>Climatic deteriorations are synchronous with periods when serious changes occurred in human intellectual achievements during the Holocene. The Agricultural Revolution (11, 000-10, 000yr BC), with the cultivation of wild plants and domestication of wild animals to produce and secure food, seems to coincide with the Younger Dryas event. Increased agricultural production made it possible to afford a population not engaged in agriculture, for example, people engaged in handicrafts, festivals, and politics. This seems to occur in the period coinciding with T<SUB>2</SUB> event in the T<SUB>1</SUB>-T<SUB>4</SUB> triplets, which have Maunder-and Sporer-type patterns occurring in sets of three, denoted by Stuiver and Braziunas (1993). The religious courtesy belief in the recycling and the reinforcing of life was converted into a rational and systematic consideration of life based on universal theory. This conversion of thinking seems to coincide with the T<SUB>3</SUB> event. Modern science was established in Europe in the 17th century. And now human beings are destroying natural environments using highly developed scientific technologies of their own. This is a negative revolution that human beings have never previously experienced.<BR>In the south-to-north transect of the cores from both the Pacific and Japan Sea sides of Honshu, <I>Td</I>' values indicate that the Kuroshio Current and Tsushima Warm Current are both weakening at present. The present interglacial period might end and become a cooler climatic condition like a Little Ice Age within 300 years. The insolation at 37°N among the Earth's orbital parameters is weak at present (Koizumi and Ikeda, 1997). However, the mean global temperature has risen about 0.5°C during the last century. Warming of the Earth, which is caused mainly by carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, has made natural environments unstable.
著者
川田 一貴 岩宮 眞一郎
出版者
一般社団法人情報処理学会
雑誌
情報処理学会研究報告音楽情報科学(MUS) (ISSN:09196072)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.2001, no.16, pp.79-86, 2001-02-22
被引用文献数
3

我々の日常生活に最も密着した商業施設であるスーパーマーケットには様々な音が無秩序に存在しており、統括的な音環境デザインが施されている状況であるとは言い難い。そこで本論文ではスーパーの運営者と利用者に対してアンケートとインタビューによる意識調査を実施し、理想的な音環境像について検討した。売場において最も利用者に意識されている音はBGMである。利用者はBGMの音量が大きすぎたり、騒がしい曲であること、同じ曲を繰り返すことを嫌うことが分かった。またラジカセなどの販売促進ツールからの音はその音量の大きさや音楽・音声の繰り返しなどから不快に思われることが多く、売場の音環境を劣悪なものにする原因の1つであることが明らかになった。There are various sounds in supermarkets without systematic design. In order to describe the ideal sound environment of supermarket, the questionnaire survey to managers and customers and the interview with managers ware examined. Muzak are most noticeable for customers. Muzak are annoying when they are to loud or noisy. The sounds from promotion tools using public address systems are often felt noisy because they were usually reproduced by loud and low-quality sound reproduction systems. Generally, the repetitious sounds and voices are felt annoying.
著者
山邉 規子
出版者
イタリア学会
雑誌
イタリア学会誌 (ISSN:03872947)
巻号頁・発行日
no.32, pp.16-31, 1983-03-10

All'inizio dell'XI secolo, l'Italia meridionale era suddivisa: Le Puglie e la Calabria erano sotto la dominazione tbizantina, nella Campania c'erano alcuni ducati longobardi e delle citta sotto la supremazia dell'Impero bizantino; la Sicilia infine era nelle mani degli emiri musulmani. Accadde cosi che ogni potere avesse i suoi magistrati che giudicavano secondo le proprie leggi e i propri costumi: furono percio molto diverse fra loro le istituzioni giuridiche. Ma nell'XI e nel XII secolo avenne la conquista normanna. Ruggero II d'Altaviua, il principe normanno, unifico il Mezzogiorno d'Italia compresa la Sicilia. Fondo il Regno di Sicilia mantenendo pero il sistema politico dei suoi predecessori: il suo governo percio ebbe un carattere pluralistico. Gli uffici pubblici erano composti da individui greci, arabi e latini. Negli strati sociali inferiori rimasero come giudici i magistrati precedenti che furono controllati da giudici autorizzati dal potere reale, judex regalis, justiciarius regalis. Sopra gli justiciarii ci fu in piu magister justiciarius, a volte piu di uno. Ma anche questi uffici reali erano generati dal ceto dei magistrati. Anche se il governo normanno esercito la sua autorita, la societa meridionale e i ceti dirigenti non furono alterati grandemente ne rapidamente nei due secoli.