著者
高橋由市 画
出版者
[ ]
巻号頁・発行日
vol.「栃木県」(図版20枚), 1885
著者
Komei Fukuda Tamas Terlaky
出版者
The Operations Research Society of Japan
雑誌
日本オペレーションズ・リサーチ学会論文誌 (ISSN:04534514)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.35, no.1, pp.45-61, 1992 (Released:2017-06-27)
被引用文献数
5 12

A combinatorial abstraction of the linear complementarity theory in the setting of oriented matroids was first considered by M.J. Todd. In this paper, we take a fresh look at this abstraction, and attempt to give a simple treatment of the combinatorial theory of linear complementarity. We obtain new theorems, proofs and algorithms in oriented matroids whose specializations to the linear case are also new. For this, the notion of sufficiency of square matrices, introduced by Cottle, Pang and Venkateswaran, is extended to oriented matroids. Then, we prove a sort of duality theorem for oriented matroids, which roughly states: exactly one of the primal and the dual system has a complementary solution if the associated oriented matroid satisfies "weak" sufficiency. We give two different proofs for this theorem, an elementary inductive proof and an algorithmic proof using the criss-cross method which solves one of the primal or dual problem by using surprisingly simple pivot rules (without any perturbation of the original problem).
著者
大野 泉
出版者
国際開発学会
雑誌
国際開発研究 (ISSN:13423045)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.27, no.1, pp.63-76, 2018-06-30 (Released:2019-06-14)
参考文献数
23

This paper provides a practitioner's perspective of the significance and challenges of “The Ishikawa Project”(formally, “The Joint Vietnamese-Japanese Research Project: Study on the Economic Development Policy in the Transition toward a Market-Oriented Economy in the Socialist Republic of Vietnam”), based on the author's experience with the ongoing Japan-Ethiopia industrial policy dialogue (formally, “Policy Dialogue on Industrial Development in the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia”). It also draws implications for Japanese intellectual cooperation from a comparative analysis of South Korea's Knowledge Sharing Program(KSP).Shigeru Ishikawa made valuable academic contributions to enhancing the theory of development economics and establishing a policy system for international development cooperation from a Japanese perspective. But, these are only part of his achievements. He should be also remembered as leader of “The Ishikawa Project” supported by the Japan International Cooperation Agency(JICA)during 1995-2001, especially for his effort to demonstrate a Japanese model of intellectual cooperation to developing countries.Inspired by “The Ishikawa Project,” JICA has become more engaged in development policy support to Asian countries. In Africa, bilateral industrial policy dialogue with Ethiopia has been conducted by JICA and the National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies(GRIPS)since 2009. It aims at sharing the East Asian development experiences with Ethiopian leaders and policymakers and providing intellectual inputs to their industrial policy formulation and implementation.In embarking the Japan-Ethiopia industrial policy dialogue, the GRIPS team consciously examined the significance and challenges of “The Ishikawa Project,” including the basic stance to be succeeded and the issues for further refinement. This paper clarifies these points and suggests the direction for enhancing Japanese intellectual cooperation. It is essential to maintain the basic stance of “The Ishikawa Project,” such as a perspective of long-term development, real-sector concern, and joint work. At the same time, it is important to give attention to a pioneering effort by the Japan-Ethiopia industrial policy dialogue to address the challenges of a patrimonial state in Africa and build the government's policy capability. The strengths and weaknesses of Japanese intellectual cooperation should be also studied to enhance its effectiveness.
著者
丹生谷 哲一
出版者
立命館大学人文学会
雑誌
立命館文學 (ISSN:02877015)
巻号頁・発行日
no.509, pp.p1257-1276, 1988-12
著者
時田 保夫
出版者
一般社団法人 日本音響学会
雑誌
日本音響学会誌 (ISSN:03694232)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.41, no.11, pp.806-812, 1985-11-01 (Released:2017-06-02)
被引用文献数
1
著者
門脇 秀策 田中 啓陽
出版者
Japanese Society for Aquaculture Science
雑誌
水産増殖 (ISSN:03714217)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.41, no.1, pp.61-65, 1993-03-20 (Released:2010-03-09)
参考文献数
9

本研究は熊本県天草郡のクルマエビ養殖場で得た1988年および1991年のそれぞれ4月から11月までの観測資料を解析して, クルマエビ養殖場の水温および透明度に視点を置いて, クルマエビの成長速度との関係から水質評価を試み, 次の知見を得た。1) クルマエビの成長が通常の成長曲線として, ブリの成長解析に用いた井上・田中の式を用いて解析し, 種類によって決まる定数γ=0.50を定めた。2) 水質要因に係わる定数λ値の上限値を対象にみれば, λ値は水温とともに高くなり, 水温27~28℃で最大値が得られ, 29℃以上では急減する傾向がみられた。これらの結果は現場における経験的な知見とよく合致する。3) 透明度が50cm以下ではλ値は大きな変化はないが, 50cm以上ではλ値は減少の傾向を示した。この結果から, クルマエビ養殖池の透明度は50cm以下に保持することがクルマエビの良好な成長を期待し得ると考えられる。以上の結果から, クルマエビ養殖現場における透明度の測定は水質評価のうえで有効な指標になり得ると思われる。
著者
杉浦 芳夫
出版者
The Association of Japanese Geographers
雑誌
地理学評論 (ISSN:00167444)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.50, no.4, pp.201-215, 1977-04-01 (Released:2008-12-24)
参考文献数
24
被引用文献数
1 1

大正期に世界的規模での流行をみたスペインかぜのわが国における流行過程は,これまで不鮮明であるとされていた.本稿は,その拡散経路を推定しつつ,この点の再検討を行なうことを目的としている.日本帝国死因統計を資料として, 1916年7月~1926年6月の10か年の各月ごとの府県別インフルエンザ死亡率を因子分析にかけた結果, 3つの流行地域が抽出された.それによると,第1因子は西日本地域,第2因子は都市地域,第3因子は東日本地域を識別していることがわかった.そして,因子得点間のクロス相関から3つの流行地域の時間的前後関係を検討してみると,スペインかぜは,西日本の主要港湾ならびに横浜港から侵入した可能性のあることが示唆され,その拡散過程において近接効果と階層効果が働いていたことも明らかとなった.以上の分析結果は,従来の通説とは異なり,わが国におけるスペインかぜの流行過程に,一の空間的秩序のあったことを意味するものである.

1 0 0 0 OA 独逸史学史

著者
坂口昂 著
出版者
岩波書店
巻号頁・発行日
1932
著者
若田 哲史 高木 幸夫 小泉 昭夫
出版者
一般社団法人日本衛生学会
雑誌
日本衛生学雑誌 (ISSN:00215082)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.75, pp.19015, 2020 (Released:2020-03-05)
参考文献数
35
被引用文献数
3

Objectives: We investigated the quality of life (QOL) of patients using the Free/Low-Cost Medical Care Program, which is a system that enables people in financial difficulities to receive treatment free of charge or at a low cost. We also investigated the background charateristics and lifestyle of the patients.Methods: The subjects were 226 outpatients who used the Free/Low-Cost Medical Care Program (use group) and 226 outpatients who did not use the program (non-use group). The method was an anonymous cross-sectional servey by mail. The survey items included basic attributes, health-related QOL (HRQOL), feeling of being poor, lifestyle diseases, lifestyle, and connection with the community.Results: The number of respondants with valid responses was 97 in the use group and 85 in the non-use group. Among the basic attributes, there were a significant differense between the use group and the non-use group in the family structure, type of work, household income, and educational background. The HRQOL scores of the physical and social summary components were significantly lower in the use group than in the non-use group. The HRQOL scores of mental summary component were higher than the national standard HRQOL score in both the use and non-use groups.Conclusions: In this study, it was considered that old age affected the HRQOL scores of the physical and social components. It was considered from the HRQOL scores of the mental aspect that the use of the Free/Low-Cost Medical Care Program might have contributed to mental stability a certain to extent.