著者
酒井邦嘉
出版者
一般社団法人情報処理学会
雑誌
情報処理学会研究報告音声言語情報処理(SLP) (ISSN:09196072)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.2003, no.124, pp.265-268, 2003-12-19

言語に規制があるのは、人間が規則的に言語を作ったためではなく、言語が自然法則に従っているためである。「人間に特有な言語能力は、脳の生得的な性質に由来する」、と半世紀にわたって主張してきたのは、言語科学のノーム・チョムスキーであった.しかし、生得説を裏付けるための証拠が未だ不十分なため、チョムスキーの革命的な考えは、多くの誤解と批判にさらされている。言語の脳機能の分析は、実験の積み重ねとMRI技術などの向上によって、飛躍的な進歩を遂げてきた。本総説では、言語の問題に脳科学から挑むアプローチの一例として、脳の文法処理に関して最近得られた知見を中心に紹介する。In this article, I will focus on our results of a CREST project of JST concerning language processing in the human brain, thereby updating recent advances made by functional neuroimaging and magnetic stimulation studies of language. First, I will provide the first experimental evidence that the neural basis of sentence comprehension is indeed specialized. Specifically, our recent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study has clarified that the human left prefrontal cortex is more specialized in the syntactic processes of sentence comprehension than other domain-general processes such as short-term memory. Second, the distinction between explicit and implicit syntactic processes will be clarified, based on our fMRI studies that elucidate syntactic specialization in the left prefrontal cortex The current direction of research in the brain science of language is beginning to reveal the uniqueness of the human mind.
著者
Tadashi Fujino Yukiko Yamazaki Takaya Tsubota Takanori Ikeda
出版者
一般社団法人 インターナショナル・ハート・ジャーナル刊行会
雑誌
International Heart Journal (ISSN:13492365)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.56, no.4, pp.459-461, 2015 (Released:2015-07-13)
参考文献数
10

A 67-year-old man who had cardiopulmonary arrest (CPA) at home was admitted to our institution. His spontaneous circulation was restored by bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) performed by his wife and an automated external defibrillator (AED). J waves were observed in the inferior leads of an electrocardiogram. We performed an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) implantation. After the ICD implantation, appropriate shocks due to ventricular fibrillation (VF) were observed on interrogation of the ICD at a frequency of twice a month. Most VF events occurred in the early morning between 1:00 to 6:00, and ventricular premature contractions (VPCs) were detected just before the occurrence of VF. Since the VF events always occurred in the early morning, we started long-acting disopyramide (150 mg/day, before bedtime), which has a muscarinic receptor blocking action. As a result, he has not received any appropriate ICD shocks for more than two years.
著者
Yoon-Jong Nam Hyun Kim Jin-Hyung Lee Hyeokjun Yoon Jong-Guk Kim
出版者
公益財団法人 応用微生物学・分子細胞生物学研究奨励会
雑誌
The Journal of General and Applied Microbiology (ISSN:00221260)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.61, no.3, pp.67-74, 2015-06-30 (Released:2015-07-29)
参考文献数
61
被引用文献数
11

Ulleungdo and Dokdo are volcanic islands that experience a characteristic marine climate, influenced by warm currents. The richness and diversity of the plant species, particularly vascular plants, are higher on Ulleungdo than on Dokdo. In contrast to the native plant life, little is known about the diversity of soil fungi living in the rhizosphere of these two islands. In this study, we utilized the barcoded pyrosequencing method to analyze rhizosphere soil fungi on Ulleungdo and Dokdo. In total, 768 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were analyzed from the Ulleungdo samples, while 640 OTUs and 382 OTUs were analyzed from the Dongdo and Seodo (islets of Dokdo) samples, respectively. Species richness was considerably higher in the Ulleungdo samples than in the Dongdo and Seodo samples, while there was little difference in species diversity between the samples. The taxonomic composition analyses demonstrated that members of the phylum Basidiomycota dominated the Ulleungdo samples, whereas members of the phylum Ascomycota were predominant in the Dokdo samples. Ectomycorrhizal fungi belonging to the phylum Basidiomycota, in particular, were more abundant in the Ulleungdo samples. This finding suggests that the difference in the abundance of the ectomycorrhizal fungi in the rhizospheres of Ulleungdo and Dokdo may have been affected by species richness and diversity of the vascular plants. Our study is the first detailed report of the composition of soil fungal communities on the Ulleungdo and Dokdo islands. In addition, our findings provide a basis for understanding the ecological interactions between plants and fungi.
著者
佐藤 琢三
出版者
日本言語学会
雑誌
言語研究 (ISSN:00243914)
巻号頁・発行日
no.116, pp.1-21, 1999-12
著者
佐藤 琢三
出版者
日本語学会
雑誌
国語学 (ISSN:04913337)
巻号頁・発行日
no.192, pp.118-107, 1998-03
著者
林 優花 ハヤシ ユウカ Hayashi Yuuka
出版者
鹿児島国際大学大学院
雑誌
鹿児島国際大学大学院学術論集 (ISSN:18838987)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.6, pp.41-53, 2014-11

The dialect of Yoronisland in Kagoshima prefecturehas complicated expressions for the potential form. It is a rare feature and can't be found in other dialects. Forms of expression in Yoron can change depending on the grammatical personof performingsubject. However, there have been fewstudies on the dialect,of Yoron, the detailed expressionfor the potential form hasn't been understood sufficiently. Therefore, in this paper I report the result of investigationon dialect in Yoron island and its analysis. Furthermore, I explore the system of the potential form in order to understand the division of dialectal use. As the result of the analysis, I propose that Yoron people might regard the grammatical person of performing subject as important when the form of use for dialect is decided. In the case of first person, Yoron people use the"Nayun" series in the affirmative form for the potential form of the kind of passionand ability. And they use the "Ryun" series in the potential form for inner and outer conditions. In the negative form, they all use the "Raji" series regardless of the kind of potential form. On the other hand, except for the first person as subject, in the affirmative form they all use the "Nayun" series, in the negative form they use the "Naraji" series regardless of the kind ofpotentiality.
著者
外務省亜細亜局 編
出版者
外務省亜細亜局
巻号頁・発行日
vol.第24回(昭和6年12月末日現在), 1932
著者
松本 純
出版者
Business History Society of Japan
雑誌
経営史学 (ISSN:03869113)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.36, no.2, pp.48-70, 2001

The main purpose of this article is to clarify the British pattern of the introduction of technical instruction, analyzing the economic influence of the activity of the City and Guilds of London Institute for the Advancement of Technical Education at the end of the 19th century. This paper also focuses upon the fact that the City and Guilds attached importance to the opinion of small- and medium-scale merchants and manufacturers in Britain.<BR>As a first industrial nation, Britain had preserved entrenched institutional structures since the Industrial Revolution and as regards technical instruction, the state was reluctant to create the polytechnics and the scientific facilities like Germany. In Britain, on the whole, some voluntary societies, one of which was City and Guilds, endeavored to promote technical instruction throughout the 19th century.<BR>The conclusion of this paper can be summarized as follows. City and Guilds, which consisted of members of the Corporation of London and sixteen Livery Companies, conducted a nationwide technological exam for the various types of merchants and manufacturers and built the first technical college, Finsbury Technical College, in London. This college particularly attracted small- and medium-scale merchants and manufacturers who worked around London and coped with industrialization by relying upon their manual technologies. City and Guilds satisfied their needs concerning higher knowledge or information to catch up with the technical standards of their rivals. Moreover, they provided an opportunity to centralize the technical instruction system in Britain.
著者
金 健人
出版者
神奈川大学
雑誌
人文研究 : 神奈川大学人文学会誌 (ISSN:02877074)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.141, pp.1_a-15_a, 2000

中国の稲作文化は,いつ,どのルートを通じて日本に伝わったのか,この問題についてさまざまな説がある。この問題を解明するために,まず(1)稲作文化の日本への伝播は必ず朝鮮半島を経由しなければならないか,(2)もし朝鮮半島を経由するならはたして水路によるものか,それとも陸路によるものか,という2つの問題を明らかにしなければならない。本論文は,1997年浙江大学(前杭州大学)韓国研究所と韓国探険協会,東国大学の共同チームによって実現した「中韓いかた漂流学術探険活動」の成果を通して,中国稲作文化が朝鮮半島や日本への伝播経路と時代について考察した。

1 0 0 0 週刊明星

出版者
集英社
巻号頁・発行日
1958
著者
丸山 伸 小塚 真啓 中村 素典 岡部 寿男
出版者
一般社団法人電子情報通信学会
雑誌
電子情報通信学会技術研究報告. IA, インターネットアーキテクチャ (ISSN:09135685)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.106, no.173, pp.31-36, 2006-07-13
被引用文献数
1

複数のアドレスを同時に利用して通信を行うSCTPによる接続に対して、動的にIPアドレスの増減を行うための拡張であるmSCTPは、トランスポート層におけるモビリティ実現技術として知られている。しかしmSCTPは仕様上の制約によりアドレス増減の通知を連続して行うことが出来ないため、ハンドオーバにおいて本来は不必要なはずの長い時間が必要となったり、相互に通信可能なアドレスを取得したにもかかわらず接続を維持できない場合が発生したりする。本研究においては、アドレス増減の通知の再送を複数個まとめて送信できるようにmSCTPを拡張する手法を示し、この変更により複数のアドレスが連続して増減した際においても、通信できるアドレス対が存在する限り実用的な時間内で確実にハンドオーバできるようになることを示す。

1 0 0 0 OA 財界浮世風呂

著者
三太郎 著
出版者
聚芳閣
巻号頁・発行日
1925

1 0 0 0 正論

出版者
産経新聞出版局
巻号頁・発行日
1973
出版者
平凡出版
巻号頁・発行日
1959