著者
山元 孝広 高田 亮 吉本 充宏 千葉 達朗 荒井 健一 細根 清治
出版者
一般社団法人 日本地質学会
雑誌
地質学雑誌 (ISSN:00167630)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.122, no.8, pp.433-444, 2016-08-15 (Released:2016-09-02)
参考文献数
41

富士山は,国内最大規模の活火山のひとつであり,噴火した場合に首都圏のインフラ施設に深刻な影響を与える恐れがあるとして,防災の観点からも注目されている(Yamamoto and Nakada, 2015).最新期の大規模噴火として,青木ヶ原樹海を作った貞観噴火(西暦864年)の溶岩流と東京や千葉まで火山灰を降り積もらせた宝永噴火(西暦1707年)の火砕物降下がとくに知られている.これらの噴火の噴出量や物理特性などを参考条件に,防災のためのハザードマップが作られている(内閣府, 2004).富士山は,溶岩流や火山灰降下以外にも,火砕流や山体崩壊,スラッシュ雪崩など,さまざまな現象をあらゆる方向へ発生させて現在の形へと成長してきた.今回の巡検では,周辺山麓に約70万人が居住し,重要インフラ施設も各種立地する富士山麓を一周する.再び火山活動が活発化したときに発生する恐れのある地質災害について,過去に発生した溶岩流の作った地形や岩相,火砕流堆積物や岩屑なだれ堆積物の露頭にみられる構造等を観察して現象への理解を深め,富士山の火山防災を考える.
著者
川上 光代
出版者
日本宗教学会
雑誌
宗教研究 (ISSN:03873293)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.86, no.4, pp.1166-1167, 2013-03-30
著者
原水 民樹
出版者
徳島大学
雑誌
言語文化研究 (ISSN:13405632)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.12, pp.A21-A51, 2005-02

5 0 0 0 熊本の地震

出版者
Tokyo Geographical Society
雑誌
地学雑誌 (ISSN:0022135X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.6, no.9, pp.520b-520b, 1894
著者
葦沢 龍人
出版者
公益社団法人 日本薬学会
雑誌
YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.136, no.7, pp.939-944, 2016 (Released:2016-07-01)
参考文献数
9

For appropriate primary care practice corresponding to the various symptoms of a patient, team medicine on that combines the expertise of physicians and other medical staff has been recommended in recent years. It results in (1) higher quality of medical care, (2) lower burden on the physician, (3) better medical safety, and (4) reduced medical expenses. In order to promote team medicine through inter-professional collaboration, the responsibilities of the medical staff need to be reviewed to expand their respective roles. The Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare designated nine specific medical acts by pharmacists in 2010. Some acts require clinical reasoning (medical interview and physical assessment) in order to manage side effects in patients undergoing drug therapy. The new curriculum introduced in 2015 includes primary care education for pharmacists who see patients before they are seen by a physician. Because such patients are usually seen by the pharmacist on a walk-in basis, medical interview and inspection education is especially important in this situation. However, there is incongruity in the physical assessment education of prospective pharmacists among schools of pharmaceutical sciences in recent years, which tends to focus primarily on vital signs. Moreover, there is currently no consensus among physicians on the optimum range of procedures performed by a pharmacist before the patient is seen by a physician. In this presentation, the practice of primary care by pharmacists is discussed from the following perspectives: (1) target symptoms and patients, (2) clinical reasoning education at pharmaceutical schools, and (3) future issues.
著者
宇田川 順子
出版者
日本社会学会
雑誌
社会学評論 (ISSN:00215414)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.18, no.4, pp.50-57,118, 1968-03-01 (Released:2009-11-11)
参考文献数
2

The lineage of class theory in post-war Japanese sociology has roughly three trends. The first is what is called sociological class theory, the second is Marxist class theory and the last lies between the two. This study especially focuses on the historical development of “sociological class theory”, which has its backgrounds in the theoretical development from cultural anthropological class theory to the structural-functional class theory in American sociology. Today, the work of Ken'ichi Tominaga shows the stage of sociological class theory in Japan. The essence of his theory is the denial of the antagonism of two large classes in capitalistic society and the denial of the possibility of the emancipation of the working class by class struggle. In his theory Tominaga gives a precise meaning to the concept “social structure” in order to explain the class structure as a system of inequality springs from the functional prerequisites of social structure. He finds that the theory of social stratification is more appropriate than Marxist class theory to industrial society. On the other hand, he denied that the class struggle is the driving force of historical progress by basing his analysis on the theory in social dynamics which seeks cause for such progress outside the society in which it occurs. Sociological class theory, such as that outlined above, has come to play an important role in our cotemporary society. By which I mean that the development of this theory corresponds with the development of post-war Japanese capitalism.
著者
元良 信太郎
出版者
公益社団法人日本船舶海洋工学会
雑誌
造船協會會報 (ISSN:05148499)
巻号頁・発行日
no.36, pp.109-117, 1925-07-15
被引用文献数
1

5 0 0 0 OA 官報

著者
大蔵省印刷局 [編]
出版者
日本マイクロ写真
巻号頁・発行日
vol.1889年11月22日, 1889-11-22
著者
山田 裕一
出版者
金沢医科大学
雑誌
金沢医科大学雑誌 (ISSN:03855759)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.30, no.4, pp.448-455, 2005-12
被引用文献数
1

日本人には,よく知られた低Kmアルデヒド脱水素酵素(ALDH2)遺伝子の他にも,アルコール脱水素酵素(ADH)のβ-サブユニット蛋白(ADH_2),エタノールを非特異的に酸化するチトクロームP450-2E1(CYP2E1)など,アルコール代謝酵素の遺伝子に多形性が存在する。これらの遺伝子多形が日本人の飲酒行動や飲酒に起因する健康障害へどのように関連するかについて,我々の研究で得られた知見を中心に総括する。不活性型ALDH2(ALDH2*1/2またはALDH2*2/2)の人の飲酒量は小さい。一方,代謝速度が大きいとされるCYP2E1遺伝子のc2アレルの保有者は,ALDH2活性が正常ならばc1アレル保有者よりも飲酒量が大きい。日本人に頻度の高いc2アレルが日本のアルコール消費量の増加に寄与している可能性がある。日本人の問題飲酒者ではADH_2の定型アレル(ADH_2*1)の保有頻度が高い。非定型アレル(ADH_2*2)から生成される代謝活性の高いADHが血中からのエタノールの除去を速めることで,問題飲酒者の発生に抑制的に働いている可能性がある。日本ではアルコール消費量に比してアルコール依存症が少ないと言われるが,このような日本人のアルコール代謝酵素の遺伝的特徴が反映されているのかもしれない。現在,ほぼ確実に不活性型ALDH2が疾患発生リスクを高めると考えられるのは食道がんおよび咽・喉頭がんである。西暦2002年の日本での食道がんの年齢調整死亡率は男性で10万人対10.2,女性ではさらに稀で1.3である。1960年以降,日本のアルコール消費量は増加し続けてきたが,この間,男性での食道がん死亡率はほぼ横ばい,女性では逆に減少し続けている。飲酒と不活性ALDH2が日本人の食道がん発生にある程度は関与しているとしても,その主要な原因とは考えにくい。それゆえ,食道がんリスクの判定のためにALDH2の遺伝子型診断を行うことの予防医学的利益は大きくない。その他のアルコール代謝酵素の遺伝子が特定の疾患発生に関与するという確かな証拠はまだない。
著者
Tatsuya Okuno Koya Kato Shintaro Minami Tomoki P. Terada Masaki Sasai George Chikenji
出版者
一般社団法人 日本生物物理学会
雑誌
Biophysics and Physicobiology (ISSN:21894779)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.13, pp.149-156, 2016 (Released:2016-07-14)
参考文献数
31
被引用文献数
3

We discuss methods and ideas of virtual screening (VS) for drug discovery by examining the performance of VS-APPLE, a recently developed VS method, which extensively utilizes the tendency of single binding pockets to bind diversely different ligands, i.e. promiscuity of binding pockets. In VS-APPLE, multiple ligands bound to a pocket are spatially arranged by maximizing structural overlap of the protein while keeping their relative position and orientation with respect to the pocket surface, which are then combined into a multiple-ligand template for screening test compounds. To greatly reduce the computational cost, comparison of test compound structures are made only with limited regions of the multiple-ligand template. Even when we use the narrow regions with most densely populated atoms for the comparison, VS-APPLE outperforms other conventional VS methods in terms of Area Under the Curve (AUC) measure. This region with densely populated atoms corresponds to the consensus region among multiple ligands. It is typically observed that expansion of the sampled region including more atoms improves screening efficiency. However, for some target proteins, considering only a small consensus region is enough for the effective screening of test compounds. These results suggest that the performance test of VS methods sheds light on the mechanisms of protein-ligand interactions, and elucidation of the protein-ligand interactions should further help improvement of VS methods.
著者
MANI Sunil
出版者
GRIPS Policy Research Center
雑誌
GRIPS Discussion Papers
巻号頁・発行日
vol.16-09, 2016-07

Right through her independence, India has been trying to achieve economic growth with technological self-reliance. In order to achieve this goal, the country has been adopting a mix of industrial and innovation policies. During the period up to and including the early 1990s, the state attempted to give shape to this goal by intervening directly by generating a whole host of industrial technologies through state-owned undertakings and other public research institutes. During the period since the 1990s, coinciding with the economic liberalization policies the state has replaced this with incentivizing the innovation system of the country. This is because the state wants the private sector enterprises to be at the core of the innovation system. Key to incentivizing the private sector was two specific policies, namely the R&D tax policy and the policy on Intellectual Property Rights. The paper undertakes a critical review of the very recent changes to these two policy instruments.