著者

高橋 恭介

出版者

社団法人 日本印刷学会

雑誌

日本印刷学会誌 (ISSN:09143319)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.2, pp.076-080, 2012 (Released:2012-05-17)

参考文献数

14

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This article discusses the historical and functional meanings of the technological transitions of character-composing for Chinese characters (katsuji), in terms of wooden movable types, lead movable types, phototype composing, and word processors. The word "katsuji" of Wan Zhen (1314) was used in conjunction with the word for metal movable type (1732) in the dictionary of the Chinese language edited by R. Morison (1822).This metal type composing was replaced with phototype composing, but phototype lost the movable function of type composing. This movable function was recovered by the word processor with Japanese "kana-kanji" conversion. Then, the DTP system replaced both metal type and phototype composing. The Wan Zhen-Gutenberg galaxy was completed with the introduction of digital word processors. Digital content made by the DTP system is utilized for many purposes: printed matter, digital books, magazines, and so forth. This situation shall probably continue into the future.

著者

浜田 千晴 宇野 彰

出版者

日本音声言語医学会

雑誌

音声言語医学 (ISSN:00302813)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.2, pp.156-164, 2021 (Released:2021-05-19)

参考文献数

39

被引用文献数

1

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小学1年生173名を対象に,ひらがな特殊表記の音読および書字の習得度とそれらに影響する認知能力を検討した.刺激は促音,拗音,長音,撥音の各表記を含む単語(特殊表記単語)と非語ならびに清音,濁音,拗音,撥音のかな1モーラ表記文字とした.典型発達児の音読において,拗音表記文字では頻度効果が認められ,単語では促音および拗音表記の正答率は長音および撥音表記に比べて有意に低かった.また,書字において,単語では促音表記の正答率が最も低く,次いで,拗音と長音表記は撥音表記に比べて有意に低かった.重回帰分析の結果,単語音読には単語逆唱と図形模写と語彙,単語書字には特殊表記単語の音読成績と非語復唱と図形直後再生が有意な予測変数として示された.小学1年生における特殊表記単語の音読には音韻処理能力,視覚認知能力,語彙力が影響し,書字には音読力の影響が示唆された.

著者

近間 由幸

出版者

日本労働社会学会

雑誌

労働社会学研究 (ISSN:13457357)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, pp.24-46, 2019 (Released:2019-03-30)

参考文献数

21

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This paper aims to show how un-interactive labor is carried out in contemporary retailing through examining a case of study of Company A. Since 1980’s, Labor Process Theory (LPT) has shown characteristic of service labor. It shows that service labor process is composed of interactive labor and un-interactive labor. Interactive labor is the labor that occurs when they face-to-face to customer like selling. On the other hand, un-interactive labor is the labor that occurs through attending selling (shelf stacking, cleaning, organizing commodities etc···). However, many previous studies mainly have examined interactive labor. In Company A, sales clerks mainly carry out un-interactive labor because Company A adopts self-service for small number of store operations and efficiency of work. Therefore, this paper focuses on the un-interactive labor of part-time sales clerks and analyses them through the participant observation method. This paper shows two characteristic store management systems and reveals how these systems compel overwork sales clerks. Finally, this paper concludes that two store management systems cause scientific management of un-interactive labor.

著者

板垣 乙未生

出版者

社団法人 日本金属学会

雑誌

日本金属学会会報 (ISSN:00214426)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.4, pp.217, 1993-04-20 (Released:2011-08-10)

参考文献数

6

著者

大蔵省印刷局 [編]

出版者

日本マイクロ写真

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1912年09月11日, 1912-09-11

著者

谷村 煕

出版者

社団法人 日本金属学会

雑誌

日本金属学会会報 (ISSN:00214426)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.5, pp.351-357, 1981-05-20 (Released:2011-08-10)

参考文献数

5

著者

井柳 美紀

出版者

政治思想学会

雑誌

政治思想研究 (ISSN:1346924X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, pp.81-101, 2005-05-10 (Released:2012-11-20)

著者

坪井 達久

雑誌

第95回日本生化学会大会

巻号頁・発行日

2022-10-19

著者

深見 哲男 長野 勇 東 亮一

出版者

一般社団法人 映像情報メディア学会

雑誌

映像情報メディア学会誌 (ISSN:13426907)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.4, pp.J73-J75, 2018 (Released:2018-03-25)

参考文献数

5

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中波帯電離層反射波は,太陽光によって生成される電離層D層を通過する際の減衰のため,昼間観測されない.2012年5月21日に金冠日食が日本中央部を通過した.D層の変化による日本の中波放送波電界強度の変化を調査したところ,数波の電離層反射波が観測された.

著者

赤津 観

出版者

一般社団法人 電気学会

雑誌

電気学会論文誌D(産業応用部門誌) (ISSN:09136339)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.142, no.11, pp.NL11_1, 2022-11-01 (Released:2022-11-01)

著者

小松崎 茂

出版者

昭和大学学士会

雑誌

昭和医学会雑誌 (ISSN:00374342)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.2, pp.195-204, 1961-05-28 (Released:2010-09-09)

参考文献数

15

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Accidental deaths due to the compression of the chest by blunt onjects or by the burying in sand or soil are encountered not infrequently, but as it is extremely rare to employ them as the means of killing, descriptions on the traumatic asphyxia in the text books of legal medicine are rather simple.Employing the corpses of traumatic asphyxia (caused by the compression of the chest) occurred in the past decade in Tokyo, a statistic observation was made on the relationship of the mechanism of the assaulting objects causing the compression and the findings of corpses, and at the same time considerations were given on each case of the corpses. Stated in the following are the results obtained thereof:1. The action of assaulting objects in traumatic asphyxia can be classified into two major groups of one two-dimentional compression (pinned under the object) and multi-dimentional compression (buried in the sand) . Dermal congestion caused by pressure, in the case of two-dimentional compression, appears on the sides which do not receive oppression.2. The most important finding for knowing the mechanism of the assaulting object in the case of the corpse died of two-dimentional compression is the dermal congestion caused by pressure. In many occasions, the dermal congestion can tell the position of the person at the time of receiving the fatal blow.3. In the case of multi-dimentional compression, it is impossible in many cases to judge the position at the time of the fatal blow, but if there is a gradual spread of the oppression, the portion of the skin received retard oppression and that received no oppression can be knows by the changes in dermal congestion caused by pressure.4. In the case of traumatic asphyxia and when there is an elapse of several, hours before the removal of the external oppression, the portion of the skin free from immediate oppression develops post mortem bulla caused by pressure.5. As for the histological findings of the visceral organs, they are the changes of sudden death (including suffocation) characterized by congestion and edema. Especially, the changes caused by anoxia owing to the acute circulatory disturbance are remarkable in the brain, cardiac muscles, liver, kidney and skeletal muscles. Emigration of eosinophiles in the spleen, moreover, and localized disappearance of adrenal lypoid are considered as the reactions against the stress.6. In the case of deaths caused by thoracicoabdominal oppression and when the fatal trauma is not known by external appearance and when it is known to be the visceral trauma on autopsy, they are mostly the cases of heaptic rupture.

著者

脇水 鐵五郎 近藤 會次郎

出版者

公益社団法人 東京地学協会

雑誌

地学雑誌 (ISSN:0022135X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, no.8, pp.421-425_2, 1894-08-25 (Released:2010-10-13)

著者

JUN-ICHIRO ISHIBASHI TAKUROH NOGUCHI TOMOHIRO TOKI SHUNSUKE MIYABE SHOSEI YAMAGAMI YUJI ONISHI TOSHIRO YAMANAKA YUKA YOKOYAMA ERIKO OMORI YOSHIO TAKAHASHI KENTA HATADA YUZURU NAKAGUCHI MOTOKO YOSHIZAKI UTA KONNO TAKAZO SHIBUYA KEN TAKAI FUMIO INAGAKI SHINSUKE KAWAGUCCI

出版者

GEOCHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN

雑誌

GEOCHEMICAL JOURNAL (ISSN:00167002)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, no.4, pp.357-369, 2014-07-20 (Released:2014-07-31)

参考文献数

48

被引用文献数

23 67

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Two active hydrothermal fields, Jade and Hakurei fields have been discovered within the Izena Hole, a rectangular 6 km × 3 km shape depression located in the middle Okinawa Trough back arc basin. In both fields, intense hydrothermal activity is represented by venting of high-temperature fluid (>300°C) and occurrence of sulfide/sulfate ore deposits. We collected hydrothermal fluids during dive expeditions of ROV Hyper Dolphin conducted in 2003, 2010 and 2011, in order to analyze both elemental and gas species. The geochemistry of high temperature hydrothermal fluids collected from the Jade and Hakurei fields is very similar to each other with exceptions in minor gas composition. Little temporal variation was observed in geochemistry of the high-temperature hydrothermal fluid of the Jade field over two decades, since a previous study carried out in 1989. These results suggest that these fluids are derived from a common fluid reservoir where fluid chemistry is basically controlled by fluid-mineral equilibria and gas species are dominantly contributed from the same magma. Venting of low temperature fluid (about 104°C) was discovered in the distal part of the Jade field, which was named as the Biwako vent. Chemical composition of the Biwako vent fluid was distinctive from that of the high temperature fluid in the proximal part of the Jade field, and could not be explained by simple dilution or cooling. This intra-field chemical diversity could be caused by phase separation and segregation during fluid upwelling, based on relationships in concentrations of Cl and major cations. On the other hand, the chemical diversity recognized in minor gas composition between the Jade and Hakurei fields is in accordance with results from previous plume survey. Difference in concentrations of minor gases such as H2 is attributed to contribution from thermal degradation of organic matter in the sediment, during fluid upwelling.

著者

大髙 博美 Hiromi Otaka

雑誌

Ex : エクス : 言語文化論集

巻号頁・発行日

no.8, pp.1-16, 2013-03-25

著者

日本書房 編

出版者

日本書房

巻号頁・発行日

vol.第4巻, 1938

著者

後藤 丹

出版者

日本音楽表現学会

雑誌

音楽表現学 (ISSN:13489038)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, pp.49-66, 2010-11-30 (Released:2020-05-25)

参考文献数

13

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岡野貞一(1878 〜 1941)はいわゆる文部省唱歌の代表的な作曲家とされている。しかし、『尋常小學唱歌』中のどの歌の作曲に関わったかについては不明な部分が多い。 本稿では、まず、「合議制」による『尋常小學唱歌』の制作の過程を、近年になって東京藝術大学で発見され 2003 年に翻刻出版された『小學唱歌教科書編纂日誌』によって検証し、作曲に関しては岡野を含む 6 人の楽曲委員が基本的に独立して仕事をしたことを確認した。 次に、『尋常小學唱歌』以外の資料から、他の楽曲委員 5 名および岡野が作った旋律を探し出し、比較・分析して共通の要素および岡野固有の作曲手法をまとめた。 最後に、抽出した岡野旋律の特徴を『尋常小學唱歌』全 120 曲と照合し、曲同士の関連も考慮に入れつつ、《紅葉》《朧月夜》《故郷》《冬景色》《雁》《秋》《廣瀬中佐》《浦島太郎》《春が来た》《入営を送る》等については岡野作曲の可能性が極めて高いと推論した。

著者

田代 昌孝

出版者

桃山学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

桃山学院大学経済経営論集 = St. Andrew's University economic and business review (ISSN:02869721)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.58, no.3, pp.33-52, 2017-01-24

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The consumption tax is suitable to collect tax revenue stably. Therefore,the expectation for the consumption tax will be big with public financialaspect. On the other hand, the regressivity of consumption tax burden willbecome serious. It is important that how we make the index of income gapafter consumption taxation. This paper analyzes the degree of regressivitywith bearing consumption tax burden and the method for mitigatingregressivity of consumption tax.Consequently, it could not mitigate regressivity of consumption tax withnon-taxation system of consumption tax containing medical care andeducation, and the value of Gini efficient with it is bigger than the casewithout it. Moreover, it can mitigate regressivity of consumption tax by themethod to evenly balance the revenue of consumption tax of 10% and taxsystem with reducing tax rate for the food. Because the value of Giniefficient with it is smaller. Finally, the limited payment for the low-incomeperson is effective to mitigate regressivity of consumption tax throughdecrease the value of Gini efficient.

著者

画報社 編

出版者

画報社

巻号頁・発行日

vol.第1回, 1929

著者

画報社 編

出版者

画報社

巻号頁・発行日

vol.第2回, 1930

著者

宮澤研人 大村嘉人 山岡裕一

出版者

植物研究雑誌編集委員会

雑誌

植物研究雑誌 (ISSN:00222062)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.95, no.3, pp.154-157, 2020-06-20 (Released:2022-10-22)

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生葉上地衣類の一種Aulaxina microphana (Vain.) R. Sant.(ヨウジョウクロフチゴケ属ツブヨウジョウクロフチゴケ,新称)が,西表島で採集されたクロツグ(ヤシ科)の生葉上から確認された.本種は日本新産であり,属としても日本新記録であるため,日本産採集標本に基づく形態情報を報告する.本種の地衣体は薄く(約10 µm),半透明な初生菌糸を伴う.はっきりとした黒色の縁をもつ微小な円形の裸子器(直径0.12–0.28 mm)があり,子器盤は淡黄灰色.子嚢胞子は3つの横断隔壁で仕切られており,隔壁部位にわずかなくびれがあり,大きさは (8.0–)10.6 ± 1.2(–12.5) × (3.0–)3.7 ± 0.6(–5.0) µm.共生藻はトレボクシア様の緑藻.化学成分は薄層クロマトグラフィーでは検出されなかった.非常に微小な地衣類であるために見落とされてきた可能性があり,国内における本種の分布については今後同様な生育環境で詳細な調査を行う必要がある.