著者

吉田 勇

出版者

日本法社会学会/有斐閣

雑誌

法社会学 (ISSN:04376161)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1996, no.48, pp.199-203,244, 1996-03-30 (Released:2009-01-15)

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In Japan, the frequent use of word "Sei-i" is observed in the process of negotiations and dispute resolutions. The essential core of "Sei-i" originated in the Japanese confucianism of the Tokugawa period. Since then, it has been gradually transformed into a complex of traditional, modern and contemporary types of "Sei-i". Therefore, Japanese "Sei-i" has various meanings today.Careful observation indicates that sometimes a sence of "Sei-i" gives normative influence on human relations, though it often plays only an emotional role. In that case, the word "Sei-i" is used to express a normative sense which people have in mind, especially when the injured party negotiates with the injurer for apology and compensation. And it is worth notice that both persons think highly of "Sei-i", but they often understand the same contents of it quite differently.A few scholars have already studied some aspects of "Sei-i", but they don't focus their concerns upon its normative sense. This paper deals with its normative sense in the process of negotiations and disputes between the injured party and the injurer.The main purpose of this paper is to construct theoretical model of normative contents and social functions of "Sei-i". Normative contents of "Sei-i" are classified into procedural contents and substantive ones, and both contents are constructed as a set of normative rules.This paper is the first step to the heuristic study of "Sei-i" as a sense of social norm.

著者

Tatsuhiro MATSUO Ken IZUMORI

出版者

Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry

雑誌

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry (ISSN:09168451)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.9, pp.2081-2085, 2006-09-23 (Released:2006-09-23)

参考文献数

30

被引用文献数

73

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The effects of supplemental D-psicose in the diet on diurnal variation in plasma glucose and insulin concentrations were investigated in rats. Forty-eight male Wistar rats were divided into four groups. Each group except for the control group was fed a diet of 5% D-fructose, D-psicose, or psico-rare sugar (3:1 mixture of D-fructose and D-psicose) for 8 weeks. Plasma glucose levels were lower and plasma insulin levels were higher at all times of day in the psicose and psico-rare sugar groups than in the control and fructose groups. Weight gain was significantly lower in the psicose group than in the control and fructose groups. Liver glycogen content, both before and after meals was higher in the psicose group than in the control and fructose groups. These results suggest that supplemental D-psicose can lower plasma glucose levels and reduce body fat accumulation. Hence, D-psicose might be useful in preventing postprandial hyperglycemia in diabetic patients.

著者

中村 文明 中島 義仁 竹内 豊生 冨田 崇仁 成瀬 賢伸 大野 修 岡村 正造 前多 松喜

出版者

一般社団法人 日本内科学会

雑誌

日本内科学会雑誌 (ISSN:00215384)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.95, no.6, pp.1112-1114, 2006-06-10 (Released:2009-03-27)

参考文献数

7

被引用文献数

2 2

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症例は46歳男性. 10年前から再燃緩解型潰瘍性大腸炎で治療中であった. 胸部絞扼感にて近医を受診し, 心エコーにて左室壁の浮腫と壁運動の低下を認めた. 心筋炎の診断で, ステロイドパルス療法施行されたが, 心室頻拍となり当院へと紹介された. 経皮的心肺補助法 (PCPS), 大動脈内バルーンパンピング (IABP) 施行時の心筋生検にて, 巨細胞性心筋炎と診断された. シクロスポリンの投与を試みたが, 心筋の収縮力は改善せず死亡された.

著者

Tomoya FUJIMOTO Hirotaka OTSU Ikkoh FUNAKI Yoshiki YAMAGIWA

出版者

THE JAPAN SOCIETY FOR AERONAUTICAL AND SPACE SCIENCES

雑誌

TRANSACTIONS OF THE JAPAN SOCIETY FOR AERONAUTICAL AND SPACE SCIENCES (ISSN:05493811)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.180, pp.84-90, 2010 (Released:2010-08-06)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

2

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To propel a spacecraft away from the Sun, a magneto plasma sail (MPS) spacecraft produces an artificial magnetic cavity to block the hypersonic solar wind. To make a large magnetic cavity sufficient to obtain significant thrust, the MPS spacecraft increases the magnetic cavity size using an onboard coil with assistance from a plasma jet. This process is called magnetic field inflation. In this study, we performed ideal and resistive magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) analyses to investigate the magnetic diffusion effect on the magnetic field inflation process. Our results indicate that a dipole-like magnetic field is drastically deformed by a plasma jet; when the magnetic Reynolds number Rm was 10 or more, the magnetic field lines were nearly identical to the streamlines of the plasma jet. Hence, no magnetic diffusion effect appeared for Rm>10. Meanwhile, when Rm is an order of unity, the magnetic diffusion effect was remarkable in the current sheet formed around equatorial region. For example, when the divergence angle of a plasma jet in the polar direction was 30°, the magnetic field strength at 40 m from the spacecraft (calculated by resistive MHD model) was 19% smaller than the ideal MHD model (Rm=∞).

著者

Yuichi TSUDA Daniel J. SCHEERES

出版者

THE JAPAN SOCIETY FOR AERONAUTICAL AND SPACE SCIENCES

雑誌

TRANSACTIONS OF THE JAPAN SOCIETY FOR AERONAUTICAL AND SPACE SCIENCES (ISSN:05493811)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.180, pp.105-113, 2010 (Released:2010-08-06)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

1

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This paper presents a numerical method for deriving a symplectic state transition matrix for high-fidelity Earth orbits subject to non-dissipative perturbation forces. By taking advantage of properties of Hamiltonian systems, this method provides an exact solution space mapping of linearized orbital dynamics, preserving the symplectic structure that all Hamiltonian systems should possess by nature. This method can be applied to accurate, yet computationally efficient dynamic filters, long-term propagations of the motions of formation flying spacecraft and the eigenstructure analysis of N-body dynamics, etc., when the exact structure-preserving property is crucial. We show the derivation of the numerical method of symplectic state transition matrix, and apply it to Earth orbits with perturbation forces based on real ephemerides. These numerical examples reveal that this method shows improvements in preserving the structural properties of the state transition matrix, and in the computational efficiency compared to the conventional linear state transition matrix with Euler or Runge-Kutta integration.

著者

Tomoaki NISHIKAWA Norihiko YAMADA Atsuhiko HATTORI Hiroyuki FUKUDA Tsuchiyoshi FUJINO

出版者

Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry

雑誌

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry (ISSN:09168451)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.10, pp.2221-2223, 2002 (Released:2003-06-19)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

36

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Ajoene, a major compound containing sulfur in oil-macerated garlic products, inhibited in a two-stage carcinogenesis test on mouse skin. Treatment with ajoene suppressed skin tumor formation, depending on the amount. In particular, the group treated with 250 μg of ajoene had only 4.9% the number of tumors per mouse compared with the control group at 18 weeks.

著者

田村 幸子

出版者

Japanese Society for Engineering Education

雑誌

工学教育 (ISSN:13412167)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.56, no.1, pp.1_22-1_25, 2008 (Released:2008-02-13)

参考文献数

6

被引用文献数

2 1

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Some studies and experiments for “A Collaboration of Science and Art” were reviewed to consider the role of art in engineering education. And then, the necessity to think better of value of beauty in the aim of engineering was discussed. In Conclusion, art is like a communication tool to bridge between science/engineering and its surrounding world.

著者

桑波田 謙 間瀬 樹省 原 利明 千葉 マリ 南雲 幹 石井 祐子 大石 奈々子 井上 賢治

出版者

日本ロービジョン学会

雑誌

日本ロービジョン学会学術総会プログラム・抄録集 第9回日本ロービジョン学会学術総会

巻号頁・発行日

pp.5, 2008 (Released:2009-01-17)

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【目的】白杖を利用する視覚障害者の誘導について、屋外では点字ブロックの整備が進んでいるが、公共施設や病院等の屋内では点字ブロックは限定的な整備に留まっている。白杖利用者がより自由に行動でき、同時に高齢者や車椅子利用者等にとっても負担の掛からない新たな仕組みを目指して、床の素材差による誘導の有効性を調査した。【方法】タイルカーペット敷きの空間に点字ブロックとホモジニアスビニル床タイル(以下床タイルとする)による2通りの経路(距離6m、幅50cmのL字型誘導ライン)を設置した。被験者(全て晴眼者)は全員アイマスクを装着し、オリエンテーションの後白杖を使ってそれぞれの経路をエンド部まで辿り、辿りつけるかの成否、掛かった時間、エラーの場所と回数を計測した。学習効果による優位性を考慮し、調査の先行は点字ブロックと床タイルを交互に変えて行った。調査後それぞれの印象についてSD法、リカート法による評価を行った。被験者は52名(男性26名、女性26名)、平均年齢は39.4歳±12.6歳であった。【結果】エンド部まで辿りつけなかった人数は点字ブロック2名、床タイル4名で、共に高い誘導効果が示された。先行した群での辿りつけなかった人数は、点字ブロック1名に対し床タイル4名で同等だった。到達時間は点字ブロック54秒(±29秒)、床タイル50秒(±24秒)で双方に有意差は無かった。印象についての評価では、SD法、リカート法共に点字ブロックの方が評価が高かった。【結論】健常者を対象にした今回の比較調査では、点字ブロックは誘導効果の高いものであるが、その代替案として屋内空間においてはカーペットにタイルを埋め込む等、床の素材差による誘導も可能であることが示唆された。 しかし、本調査は白杖を使用しての歩行に不慣れな健常者にアイマスクを装着してもらって、実験的に作った空間を歩くという調査の為、実証には、日常的に白杖を使用者している人を対象とした実際的な調査が必要だと思われる。

著者

飛田 健次 小西 哲之 時松 宏治 西尾 敏 日渡 良爾

出版者

社団法人 プラズマ・核融合学会

雑誌

プラズマ・核融合学会誌 (ISSN:09187928)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.81, no.11, pp.875-891, 2005 (Released:2007-01-12)

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This section describes the future of fusion energy in terms of its impact on the global energy supply and global warming mitigation, the possible entry scenarios of fusion into future energy market, and innovative technologies for deploying and expanding fusion's share in the market. Section 5.1 shows that fusion energy can contribute to the stabilization of atmospheric CO2 concentration if fusion is introduced into the future energy market at a competitive price. Considerations regarding fusion's entry scenarios into the energy market are presented in Sec. 5.2, suggesting that fusion should replace fossil energy sources and thus contribute to global warming mitigation. In this sense, first generation fusion power plants should be a viable energy source with global appeal and be so attractive as to be employed in developing countries rather than in developed countries. Favorable factors lending to this purpose are fusion's stability as a power source, and its security, safety, and environmental frendliness as well as its cost-of-electricity. The requirements for core plasma to expand the share of fusion in the market in the latter half of this century are given in Sec.5.3, pointing out the importance of high beta access with low aspect ratio and plasma profile control. From this same point of view, innovative fusion technologies worthy of further development are commented on in Sec. 5.4, addressing the high temperature blanket, hydrogen production, high temperature superconductors, and hot cell maintenance.

著者

山内 通則 西谷 健夫 西尾 敏

出版者

社団法人 プラズマ・核融合学会

雑誌

プラズマ・核融合学会誌 (ISSN:09187928)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.80, no.11, pp.952-954, 2004 (Released:2005-07-14)

参考文献数

2

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Considering the geometrical characteristics of tokamak reactors with low aspect ratio, a basic neutronics strategy was derived to construct an inboard structure mainly for neutron shielding and to produce enough tritium in the outboard blanket. The designs for optimal inboard shield were surveyed and the necessary thickness was estimated to make the neutron flux sufficiently low on the super-conducting magnet. In addition, the outer blanket designs were studied to attain a tritium breeding ratio (TBR) sufficiently large for a self-sustaining fusion reactor on the basis of advanced fusion reactor materials.

著者

田中 龍彦 林 裕也 小宮 佳和 奈部川 英則 林 英男

出版者

公益社団法人 日本分析化学会

雑誌

分析化学 (ISSN:05251931)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.56, no.5, pp.327-332, 2007 (Released:2007-06-20)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

5 8

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酸性溶液中,ヨウ素酸カリウムとヨウ化カリウムとの反応で生成したヨウ素に一定過剰量のチオ硫酸ナトリウムを加え,未反応のチオ硫酸イオンを電量ヨウ素滴定する方法により,ヨウ素酸カリウムの絶対純度を測定した.本研究では逆滴定の手法を採用しているので,濃度が精確に分かったチオ硫酸ナトリウム溶液を必要とすることから,まずチオ硫酸ナトリウム溶液の調製方法と安定性について検討した.使用直前に煮沸して冷却した高純度水に市販特級のチオ硫酸ナトリウム5水和物を溶解することにより,酸素,二酸化炭素及び硫黄バクテリアに起因するチオ硫酸イオンの分解は起こらなかった.また,テフロン細口試薬瓶に保存した約0.5 mol kg−1チオ硫酸ナトリウム溶液は調製直後でも非常に安定であり,安定剤の添加なしに約1か月間濃度変化はほとんど認められなかった.保存容器の材質としてはプラスチックが適していた.この溶液をヨウ素酸カリウム標準物質純度の電量測定に使用した結果,満足できる精確さが得られた.

著者

堀田 登

出版者

一般社団法人 日本教育学会

雑誌

教育学研究 (ISSN:03873161)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, no.5, pp.605-610, 1937 (Released:2009-01-13)

参考文献数

9

著者

Maki Ishiguro Tomonobu Hori Takuya Ishida Makoto Yoshida Koji Takabatake Satoshi Kaneko Kiyohiko Igarashi Masahiro Samejima

出版者

Japanese Society for Plant Biotechnology

雑誌

Plant Biotechnology (ISSN:13424580)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.3, pp.273-281, 2010-06-25 (Released:2010-07-15)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

5 4

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The basidiomycete Flammulina velutipes is one of the most popular edible mushrooms in Japan, and has the ability to grow on cellulosic biomass as a carbon source. In this study, we have isolated two enzymes belonging to glycoside hydrolase (GH) family 7 (FvCel7A and FvCel7B) from the cellulose-grown culture of the fungus, and cloned cDNAs encoding these enzymes by utilizing a transcriptomic database of this fungus. Although both enzymes contain a catalytic domain belonging to GH family 7, only FvCel7A has the family 1 carbohydrate-binding module at the C-terminal. Sequence comparison indicated that FvCel7A and FvCel7B have a similar pattern of disulfide bonds and similar active site architecture to other fungal GH family 7 enzymes, but show small differences at loop regions covering the active site, which may affect the reactivity of cellulosic substrates.

著者

西尾 敏

出版者

社団法人 プラズマ・核融合学会

雑誌

プラズマ・核融合学会誌 (ISSN:09187928)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.80, no.1, pp.14-17, 2004 (Released:2004-06-16)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

1

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SiC⁄SiC composite is a promising structural material candidate for fusion power cores and has been considered internationally in several power plant studies. It offers safety advantages arising from it slow induced radioactivity and afterheat, and the possibility of high efficiency of energy conversion through high temperature operation. The latest SiC⁄SiC-based power core design studies are summarized, and the key SiC⁄SiC parameters affecting the performance of power core components are high lighted.

著者

佐藤 英明

出版者

日本哺乳類学会

雑誌

哺乳類科学 (ISSN:0385437X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.2, pp.2_59-61, 1980 (Released:2008-10-01)

著者

田山 智規 鈴木 啓一 美川 智 粟田 崇 上西 博英 林 武司 前田 高輝 加地 拓己 上本 吉伸 鹿野 裕志 柴田 知也 児嶋 千尋 西田 朗

出版者

日本養豚学会

雑誌

日本養豚学会誌 (ISSN:0913882X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.43, no.4, pp.187-194, 2006-12-26 (Released:2007-08-10)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

1 1

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抗病性に関与する遺伝子を特定するために,ランドレース種について,免疫形質と慢性疾病病変に関する品種内QTL解析を行った。用いた集団は,慢性疾病病変を選抜形質としたランドレース種系統造成の選抜第2世代までの育成豚と調査豚519頭(基礎世代44頭,第一世代205頭,第二世代310頭)である。7週齢時と体重105kg時で採血し,補体別経路活性,貪食能,顆粒球・リンパ球比,総白血球数,羊赤血球に対する抗体産生能などの免疫形質を測定した(抗体産生能は105kg時のみ)。また,各世代の調査豚267頭についてブタ萎縮性鼻炎(AR)と肺の病変を測定し,スコア化した。常染色体18本に合計107個のDNAマイクロサテライトマーカーを配置し,それらの多型判定は,353頭(基礎世代の雌の一部25頭と第1世代204頭,第2世代調査豚124頭)について行った。解析にはIdentical-by-decent(IBD)行列を利用した分散成分分析法を用いた。まず,IBD行列をLOKIプログラムにて推定した。分散成分分析法はSOLARプログラムを用いて行った。解析の結果,総白血球数と貪食能,そして肺の病変に関する有意なQTLが検出された。

著者

Kenji Yano Ko Hosokawa Takeshi Masuoka Ken Matsuda Akiyoshi Takada Tetsuya Taguchi Yasuhiro Tamaki Shinzaburo Noguchi

出版者

The Japanese Breast Cancer Society

雑誌

Breast Cancer (ISSN:13406868)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, no.4, pp.406-413, 2007 (Released:2007-11-07)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

10

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Background: Skin-sparing mastectomy (SSM) is a type of breast cancer surgery presupposed as breast reconstruction surgery. Cosmetically, it is an extremely effective breast cancer operation because the greater part of the breast's native skin and infra-mammary fold are conserved. All cases of SSM and immediate breast reconstruction performed by the senior author during the last five years were reviewed.Methods: There are three implant options for breast reconstruction, namely, deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap, latissimus dorsi myocutaneous (LDM) flap, and breast implant, and one of these was used for reconstruction after comprehensive evaluation.Results: From 2001 to 2005, immediate reconstructions following SSM were performed on 124 cases (128 breasts) by the same surgeon. Partial necrosis of the breast skin occurred in 4 cases of SSM. The mean follow-up was 33.6 months. During the follow-up, there was local recurrence following surgery in 3 cases. The overall aesthetic results of immediate breast reconstruction after SSM are better than those after non-SSM.Conclusion: SSM preserves the native breast skin and infra-mammary fold, and is an extremely useful breast cancer surgery for breast reconstruction. SSM is an excellent breast cancer surgical technique. We think this procedure should be considered in more facilities conducting breast reconstruction in Japan.

著者

樋口 範雄

出版者

公益社団法人 日本放射線技術学会

雑誌

日本放射線技術学会雑誌 (ISSN:03694305)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, no.4, pp.481-483, 2008-04-20 (Released:2008-05-02)

参考文献数

3

被引用文献数

1 1

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抄録はありません.

著者

安田 恵一郎 石井 綱吉

出版者

一般社団法人 電気学会

雑誌

電気学会論文誌B(電力・エネルギー部門誌) (ISSN:03854213)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.123, no.8, pp.907-917, 2003 (Released:2004-04-19)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

9 11 6

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New small-scale dispersed generation systems, such as fuel cells and micro gas-turbines have made remarkable advances lately and they will be applied practically in the near future. Although a large number of researches on the introduction of small-scale dispersed generation systems have been carried out, only a small number of small-scale dispersed generation systems are considered in these researches. Therefore, little is known about problems to be solved in case where a large number of small-scale dispersed generation systems are introduced into electric power systems. This paper deals with a super distributed energy system that consists of a great number of dispersed generation systems such as fuel cells, micro gas turbines and so on. The behavior of a customer with a dispersed generation system is simulated as the Ising model in statistical mechanics. The necessity of a distribution network in super distributed energy systems is discussed based on the Ising model. The feasibility of decentralized autonomous control using vicinity information is also investigated on the basis of stability analysis of the Hopfield neural network model.

著者

Kiminobu Tanizawa Kentaro Fukunaga Noriko Okumura Mitsuko Sugimura Eisaku Tanaka Takashi Hajiro Minoru Sakuramoto Masayoshi Minakuchi Seishu Hashimoto Takehiro Yasuda Yusuke Kaji Kohei Ikezoe Eizaburo Sato Toshifumi Nakajima Yoshio Taguchi

出版者

The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine

雑誌

Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.12, pp.1179-1183, 2010 (Released:2010-06-15)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

3 3

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A standard treatment has not yet been established for elderly small-cell lung cancer patients, especially when they have end-stage renal disease. We report the first case of successful chemoradiotherapy in an elderly small-cell lung cancer patient undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. A 77-year-old Japanese man on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis was diagnosed as having limited disease small-cell lung cancer. He received four monthly cycles of chemotherapy consisting of carboplatin at 240 mg/m2 on day 1 and etoposide at 40 mg/m2 on days 1 and 3. He underwent additional hemodialysis on days 1 and 3, while continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis continued as usual on the other days. Following chemotherapy, he underwent hyperfractionated radiotherapy to a total dose of 45 Grey, resulting in complete remission of the disease. A pharmacokinetic study showed an area under the concentration-time curve of carboplatin of 3.41 to 4.88 mg·min/mL, increasing gradually over the first three cycles, while etoposide did not show this gradual increase. The increased area under the concentration-time curve of carboplatin may have reflected a worsened renal function during chemotherapy. Despite dose reductions and favorable areas under the concentration-ime curve of carboplatin, the patient suffered grade 3-4 hematological toxicities, necessitating transfusions and a further dose reduction. The patient died of recurrent small-cell lung cancer 19 months after diagnosis.