著者

木村 純

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.78, no.6, pp.613-619, 2008-02-25 (Released:2010-07-16)

参考文献数

16

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This study aimed to clarify the influence of laterality on interference effects for global precedence, and to examine the mechanism of these effects. In most previous studies, the neutral condition was excluded from the consistency factor and the difference of latencies between the consistent and inconsistent conditions was regarded as the interference score, which may not be accurate. In this study, the difference of latencies between the neutral and the inconsistent condition was regarded as the interference score. The results of the analysis of variance (ANOVA) for latencies showed that interference effects influenced only right visual field-left hemisphere (RVFLH), and facilitation effects influenced only left visual field-right hemisphere (LVF-RH) in the local condition. These findings indicate that it does not matter how optimal processing influenced interference effects on suboptimal processing in each hemisphere, for example how global processing influenced local processing in the right hemisphere, but rather how each hemisphere controlled optimal processing.

著者

信吉 真璃奈 金生 由紀子 松田 なつみ 河野 稔明 野中 舞子 藤尾 未由希 下山 晴彦

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.89.17314, (Released:2018-09-20)

参考文献数

30

被引用文献数

2

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The purpose of this study was to develop a Japanese version of the Sensory Gating Inventory (SGI; Hetrick, Erickson, & Smith, 2012) and to examine its reliability and validity. SGI measures abnormalities in the quality of sensory input, heightened awareness of background noises, and poor selective attention at the phenomenological level. The questionnaire was completed by 515 university and graduate students. The questionnaire package included 3 scales; 35 items from the Japanese version of SGI, 27 items from the Japanese version of the Highly Sensitive Person Scale (HSPS; Funahashi, 2011), and 25 items from the Japanese version of the Cognitive Failures Questionnaire (CFQ; Yamada, 1991). Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the Japanese SGI had an acceptable level of internal consistency. Cronbach’s alpha was calculated to examine reliability and showed high values. Correlation analyses showed that the Japanese SGI and Japanese HSPS or CFQ were moderately positively correlated. This study suggests that the Japanese SGI is reliable and valid. It can be used to screen for abnormal sensory gating before physiological or behavioral inspection.

著者

福島 朋子 沼山 博

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.89.17016, (Released:2018-11-15)

参考文献数

32

被引用文献数

1

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This study examined the relationship among generative behavior, generative concern, and subjective well-being in middle-aged non-parents. In study 1, an online survey was conducted of parents and non-parents aged 45 to 60 years (N = 558). Parents showed significantly higher levels of generative concern and generative behavior than non-parents. Structural equation modeling indicated that generative behavior predicted higher levels of generative concern and, in turn, generative concern predicted higher levels of subjective well-being. Differences in this association were neither evident for parents and non-parents nor for men and women. In study 2, a longitudinal survey was conducted of the non-parents from study 1 at two time points, 24 months apart (N = 187). The chronological association inferred from the structural model in study 1 among generative behavior, generative concern, and subjective well-being was confirmed by this short-term longitudinal data. Mediation analysis indicated that levels of generative concern were higher through the past two years of generative behavior. These results suggest the possibility of developing generative behavior and concern in non-parents through behaviors such as volunteer and civic activities.

著者

玉井 颯一 五十嵐 祐

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.90.17338, (Released:2019-02-28)

参考文献数

31

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Ostracism is a contradicted social action because it has been widely adopted as a legal sanction but is also considered to be excessive enforcement. In the present study, we conducted a scenario-based experiment to examine the psychological process underlying the endorsement of ostracism in school settings. We focused on three general rationales to justify the sanction: a general prevention to protect public welfare (utilitarianism); a counter to deviance from social norms (retributivism); and a type of education to rehabilitate a perpetrator (moral education). The results showed that utilitarianism was more effective in justifying ostracism than retributivism or moral education. Further, preferences towards ostracism based in utilitarianism were less susceptible to influence from others. These findings indicate people’s general preference for the protection of public welfare over the segregation of wrongdoers.

著者

田崎 勝也 申 知元

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.90.18302, (Released:2019-02-28)

参考文献数

26

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This study aimed to identify how a response style (RS) affects differential item functioning (DIF) detections in cross-cultural comparison studies. RS is an individual’s systematic response tendency to survey questions. Following the representative indicators response style means and covariance structure (RIRSMACS) model introduced by Weijters et al.(2008), Tasaki and Shin (2017) developed an RS measurement model and quantified three RS types (acquiescence, extreme, and mid-point) in three nations (Japan, Korea, U.S.). Using the same data set, this study adapts their RS model to control for RS-related nuisance variances and to see if different DIF items emerge with or without the RS model. As a result of DIF analysis through the MGMACS approach, three nonuniform and five uniform DIF items were flagged on a 10-item psychological scale. By applying the RS model to DIF analysis, all the nonuniform DIF items and three uniform DIF items turned out to be non-DIF items. These results imply that RS-related nuisance variances may be a cause of DIF, and RIRSMACS can be used to control for RS.

著者

田渕 恵 三浦 麻子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.89, no.6, pp.632-637, 2018 (Released:2019-02-25)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

2

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the similarity in chronic regulatory focus (promotion/prevention) among elderly parents, middle-aged children, and their spouses. We made the 10-item short version of the Japanese Promotion/Prevention Focus Scale. The participants were 78 sets of middle-aged children (49.04 ± 4.06 years), their elderly parents (75.89 ± 2.74 years), and their spouses (49.38 ± 4.44 years). The results showed that the strength of children’s prevention focus was similar to that of parents’ prevention focus. On the other hand, the strengths of the promotion focus were similar between couples. We discuss the background of our findings wherein two aspects of regulatory focus have a different tendency in terms of similarity among parents, children, and their spouses in later life.

著者

藤原 和政 西村 多久磨 福住 紀明 河村 茂雄

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.89.17051, (Released:2018-12-25)

参考文献数

56

被引用文献数

1

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The present study focused changes in social skills and weather affiliation motives moderate the effect of perspective taking on the changes in social skills. A total of 468 junior high school students participated in the survey with a half-year interval. The results of regression analysis showed a significant moderation role of affiliation motives for the effect of perspective taking on changes in social skills. The results of simple slope analysis indicated that perspective taking promoted social skills when affiliation motives were relatively high. Meanwhile, the results also showed that perspective taking did not facilitate social skills when affiliation motives were relatively low. Discussion describes how to encourage social skills in junior high school students through considering the viewpoint of perspective taking and affiliation motives.

著者

河合 輝久

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.90.17235, (Released:2018-12-25)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

2

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This study investigated the recognition of and first aid strategies for depression in a close friend among Japanese university students. A total of 1,500 university students were asked to identify what was wrong with a vignette portraying depression and to report their first aid strategies or intentions. First, only 26.14% of participants correctly identified the person as having depression. Second, although the most common responses to the vignette were to listen to the person or to intend to do so non-judgmentally; much less common responses were to encourage professional help-seeking and to intend to do so. Japanese university students were less likely to intend to use the range of helpful first aid strategies while also taking care of themselves. Third, correctly recognizing depression was positively correlated with helpful first aid strategies and intentions (except for listening non-judgmentally in the depression vignette and encouraging self-help), and was negatively correlated with harmful first aid strategies. There is room for improving first aid strategies in Japanese university students when considering depression.

著者

鈴木 孝明

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.89.17319, (Released:2018-07-14)

参考文献数

18

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This study investigated the processing and comprehension of thought questions typically used in the Japanese false-belief task. Word order variation in Japanese may affect processing and comprehension of thought questions, but there is no standardization for Japanese thought questions used in the false-belief task that examines children’s development of Theory of Mind. In this study, 30 adult participants were tested on five types of thought questions in an off-line judgment task and an on-line self-paced reading task. The results showed that there are indeed some differences in comprehension difficulties depending on word order for questions that express the same meaning. These results are discussed with regard to the syntactic properties of the question types and its implications for the assessment of children on the false-belief task.

著者

下田 俊介 大久保 暢俊 小林 麻衣 佐藤 重隆 北村 英哉

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.85, no.3, pp.294-303, 2014 (Released:2014-08-25)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

7 7

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The Implicit Positive and Negative Affect Test (IPANAT) is an instrument for the indirect assessment of positive and negative affect. A Japanese version of the IPANAT was developed and its reliability and validity were examined. In Study 1, factor analysis identified two independent factors that could be interpreted as implicit positive and negative affect, which corresponded to the original version. The Japanese IPANAT also had sufficient internal consistency and acceptable test–retest reliability. In Study 2, we demonstrated that the Japanese IPANAT was associated with explicit state affect (e.g., PANAS), extraversion, and neuroticism, which indicated its adequate construct validity. In Study 3, we examined the extent to which the Japanese IPANAT was sensitive to changes in affect by assessing a set of IPANAT items after the presentation of positive, negative, or neutral photographs. The results indicated that the Japanese IPANAT was sufficiently sensitive to changes in affect resulting from affective stimuli. Taken together, these studies suggest that the Japanese version of the IPANAT is a useful instrument for the indirect assessment of positive and negative affect.

著者

中間 玲子 杉村 和美 畑野 快 溝上 慎一 都筑 学

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.85.13074, (Released:2014-11-11)

参考文献数

34

被引用文献数

3 13

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The Dimensions of Identity Development Scale (DIDS) provides a new method of researching identity development based on the dual-process model pertaining to lifespan development. This study developed and evaluated the Japanese version of this scale (DIDS-J). Two surveys of undergraduate and high school students showed that the DIDS-J had good reliability and validity and that it consisted of 25 items with five factors: commitment making, identity with commitment, exploration in breadth, exploration in depth, and ruminative exploration. Through cluster analysis of the DIDS-J, five identity statuses were found that were not clearly distinguished by previous scales: foreclosure, achievement, searching moratorium, diffused diffusion, and carefree diffusion. Research using the DIDS-J has two advantages: it enables us to examine the process of identity development among adolescents with a wider age range, and to compare results cross-culturally in future research. The trial investigations compared student scores with those from previous research in Western cultures, demonstrating that DIDS-J may lead to further explanations of identity development.

著者

西口 美穂 楠見 孝

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.89.17042, (Released:2018-09-20)

参考文献数

46

---

Perceptual symbol systems theory has discussed the intimate relationship between language and perception. Many studies have shown that perceptual simulation occurs during sentence comprehension. However, previous studies in sentence production, in which participants were asked to produce a sentence based on pictures, had not addressed the question of whether perceptual simulation plays a role during sentence production. In this study, we investigated whether perceptual simulation occurs during sentence production using word sets. Participants were first presented three words (e.g., egg/refrigerator/skillet) and asked to produce a sentence from two of the assigned words (e.g., egg/refrigerator or egg/skillet). Then they were presented with a picture of the object (e.g., a whole egg still in its shell, or a cracked egg) and asked to judge whether the pictured object was in the sentence production phase. Results revealed that responses in the picture judgement task were faster when the image in the sentences the participants produced matched that of the pictured object. This result suggests that perceptual simulation plays an important role in sentence production.

著者

島田 貴仁 荒井 崇史

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.88, no.3, pp.230-240, 2017 (Released:2017-08-25)

参考文献数

23

被引用文献数

7

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A field experiment was conducted to examine the factors in threat appeal responsible for maintenance of crime-prevention behavior. At four public bicycle parking lots, 256 riders with variable receiver vulnerability characteristics were encouraged to use an extra bicycle lock. They were randomly presented with one of three threat messages featuring victims of bicycle theft (identifiable victim, statistical victim, or control), followed by either high- or low-efficacy preventative-messages. After extra locks were installed on their bicycles, participants’ use of the lock was observed five times within 28 days after the intervention. A mixed-effect generalized linear model revealed that vulnerability of the participants increased the use of the lock immediately after the intervention. Meanwhile, highly vulnerable participants who were presented with an identifiable victim and high-efficacy messages decreased their use of the lock significantly compared to low-vulnerability participants and those who were presented with the low-efficacy message. The result implies that threat appeal strategies differ depending on receiver vulnerability and the type of preventative behavior.

著者

山本 博樹 織田 涼 島田 英昭

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.89, no.3, pp.240-250, 2018 (Released:2018-08-28)

参考文献数

24

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We examined the hypothesis that the effect of signaling on students' prose comprehension is significant only when structure strategies are deficient during production. Participants included first-year high school students (N = 120, mean age 16.0) and university students (N = 120, mean age 20.8). Students' tendencies to use structure strategies were evaluated and classified as lower-structure (LS) or upper-structure (US) strategy using the median (23 high school students and 25 university students). Participants performed sentence arrangement, recall, and reconstruction tasks. Each task consisted of expository sentences with or without signaling. The results indicated the following: (a) Signaling facilitated structure identification in organizational processes in the US strategy group of high school students, which improved their prose comprehension, whereas no effects were evident in the LS strategy group. (b) An identical effect was seen in the LS strategy group of university students, whereas it was not observed in the US strategy group. These results support our hypothesis. The boundary conditions for the effect of signaling on students' prose comprehension are discussed from the perspective of the production deficiency in structure strategy.

著者

平田 裕美

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.89.16071, (Released:2018-07-14)

参考文献数

32

被引用文献数

1

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The impact of parenting on the family orientation of university students and their identity formation during adolescence was investigated to identify parenting styles that promoted identity integration and minimized confusion. In addition, cooperation between fathers and mothers was analyzed to explain parenting styles. The results indicated that students of both genders who were raised by parents with an authoritative style more often evaluated that their parents cooperated in raising them compared with those who were raised with other parenting styles. Moreover, identity integration was significantly higher among students who were raised with an authoritative parenting style than among those raised with an authoritarian and uninvolved parenting style, whereas the opposite outcome was seen for identity confusion. Therefore, it was concluded that in the process of identity formation during adolescence, parenting styles that are responsive to children are essential, as is putting demands on them to mature based on proper criteria, i.e. disciplining them. However, further discussion is required about the fact that no differences were seen for the permissive parenting style.

著者

大上 渉 内山 朋美

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.89.17206, (Released:2018-05-25)

参考文献数

25

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This study aimed to examine the crime scene behavior and general characteristics of individuals who commit product-tampering crimes related to food. In total, 121 cases of product tampering that occurred in Japan from 1981 to 2016, in which the offender was arrested, underwent cross-table analysis and multiple correspondence analysis. The results identified five types of product-tampering crimes that differed according to the foreign matter used: “use of a needle or something similar”; “use of bits of metal or something similar”; “use of medication, including psychotropic drugs”; “use of an agrichemical or pesticide”; and “use of a detergent”. The crime scene behaviors and characteristics of the offenders differed according to the foreign matter used, and such differences may relate to the type of adulterant that is mixed into the food or drink. The findings of this study will be useful for systematizing product-tampering crimes and will contribute to food-defense and product-tampering criminal investigations.

著者

扇原 貴志

出版者

日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.89, no.1, pp.93-103, 2018-04

著者

曽我 祥子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.4, pp.215-221, 1983-10-30 (Released:2010-07-16)

参考文献数

23

被引用文献数

22 20

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The purpose of this study is to standardize the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (STAIC), developed by Spielberger et al. (1973) into a Japanese version. The Japanese version of STAIC composed by the authors were tested in 2539 primary school children. On the basis of the data, mean scores, standard deviations and score distributions of A-Trait and A-State in the Japanese version of STAIC are reported. The high values of the test-retest reliability, construct validity, factorial validity and concurrent validity were proved by examination.

著者

三浦 正江 三浦 文華 岡安 孝弘

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.89.16333, (Released:2018-03-10)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

6

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This study compared the psychological health of children who moved to temporary housing following the Fukushima nuclear accident with those who stayed in their own houses. The questionnaire was designed to measure stress responses, positive events in daily life, positive affect, and social support. It was completed by 28 children who had evacuated from the affected area and lived in temporary housing; 106 children living in their own houses in Fukushima Prefecture; and 321 children living in a nonaffected area in Saitama Prefecture. The results showed that children who moved to temporary housing experienced more frequent bullying and play-related stressors, had less positive experiences related to events with family members and during lessons, and received less support from their teachers and friends than other children. However, the differences in living environments did not affect their stress responses or positive affect. These findings suggest the importance of providing temporary housing environments that enable children to experience close interactions with friends and adequate support from teachers.

著者

長峯 聖人 外山 美樹 三和 秀平 湯 立 黒住 嶺 相川 充

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.88.17301, (Released:2018-01-15)

参考文献数

28

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Research has suggested that regulatory fit creates value. In this study, the regulatory fit was defined as the fit between the regulatory focus and the advertising messages. We investigated the effects of regulatory fit on the evaluation of messages when familiarity with the message was low. This hypothesis was supported by two observations; when the familiarity with a message was low, regulatory fit was not observed among participants with a prevention focus. In contrast, regulatory fit was observed among participants with a promotion focus, with a higher preference for two-sided advertising. The significance of familiarity on the effects of regulatory fit and value is discussed.