著者

野中 勝利

出版者

公益社団法人 日本造園学会

雑誌

ランドスケープ研究 (ISSN:13408984)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.76, no.5, pp.427-432, 2013 (Released:2014-05-08)

参考文献数

69

被引用文献数

2 12

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The aim of this research is to elucidate the background and circumstances of the conversion of the Kofu Castle site to a park in modern times. In 1873 a decision was made to retain Kofu Castle for military use, and it was transferred to the jurisdiction of the War Ministry. Yamanashi Prefecture requested multiple times that the government sell off the site, and finally plans to hold an exposition provided an opportunity whereby the government leased the site and a park was built on it. In 1917 the site was sold by the government to the prefecture. Subsequent moves by Yamanashi Prefecture to build public facilities, fill in the moat, and turn the site into a park were intended more to make the land suitable for public works than to preserve the castle ruins. In contrast, the people of Kofu and the Kofu City Council advocated for preservation of the ruins. Yamanashi Prefecture was not regarded as a historic site the ruins of a castle.

著者

青木 達司 柴田 昌三 森本 幸裕

出版者

公益社団法人 日本造園学会

雑誌

ランドスケープ研究 (ISSN:13408984)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.74, no.5, pp.447-450, 2011 (Released:2012-09-05)

参考文献数

10

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The Katsura Hedge, a bamboo hedge, and its rear stand of Phyllostachys nigra var. Henonis at the Katsura Rikyu (the Katsura Imperial Villa) in Kyoto were investigated. For the hedge, the number of culms was 815, and the mean diameter at breast height (d.b.h.) of these culms was 4.3cm. The mean d.b.h. of culms at its rear stand was 5.0cm in 2004 and 5.1cm in 2005. The culms for the hedge were thinner than those at the rear stand irrespective of the location, perhaps this is because thinner culms are easy to make into the hedge. For the stand, the mean d.b.h. differed according to location, with culms at flat sites and slopes neighboring flat areas thicker than those on slopes not adjacent to flat sites. Different maintenance may be needed according to the location.

出版者

日本造園学会

雑誌

ランドスケープ研究 (ISSN:13408984)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.75, no.1, pp.8-9, 2011-04

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ゴルフ場は都市近郊に多くあり、広大な面積の緑地として管理されていることから、生物多様性の実態と、それにもとづく保全のあり方について議論する必要があると考えている。本稿では、そのような目的で、ゴルフ場の生物多様性の一例を紹介して、議論の端緒としておきたい。

著者

伊藤 浩二 加藤 和弘

出版者

公益社団法人 日本造園学会

雑誌

ランドスケープ研究 (ISSN:13408984)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.5, pp.449-452, 2007-03-30 (Released:2009-03-31)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

7 7

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To clarify the interrelations between various semi-natural grassland types (verge meadows, ditch walls, paddy levees, fallow fields, abandoned rice fields and farm roads) maintained by traditional agricultural management methods, we conducted vegetation investigation in a ‘Yatsuda’ rural landscape, and compared species richness between the grassland types using the rarefaction method. Each grassland type was characterized by indicator species extracted by INSPAN and life-form composition of the grassland types were compared. The results of rarefaction method showed that the paddy levees located between paddy field and hillslope were species-rich grassland habitat, as rich as the verge meadows which were cutting grassland adjacent to woodland. The abandoned rice fields, the verge meadows and the paddy levees were consisted of different species groups, and similarity indices were not large between these grassland types. Therefore, in Yatsuda rural landscapes, we suggested that the different types of grasslands should be maintained by traditional agricultural management methods for conserving plant diversity.

著者

國村 周平 伊藤 弘 小野 良平 下村 彰男

出版者

日本造園学会

雑誌

ランドスケープ研究 (ISSN:13408984)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.5, pp.845-848, 2009

被引用文献数

3

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道路の高架下空間は従来その管理上の観点から、原則として、広場、公園、駐車場などの公共性の高い利用のみなされており、しかも周辺環境を必ずしも考慮せずに設置されてきたものが少なくない。過密な都市環境の中で高架下は現在においてもその空間の活用が一定度行なわれ、そこには公園や広場も存在する中で、その設置状況や利用の実態については把握されていない。これに関連しては鉄道の高架下に関しての研究があり、都心から15km圏内で盛んに活用され、都心から離れるに従って用途が変化していくことなどが知られている。また、道路では、高架下公園の構造上のタイプ分けに関する研究がある。しかしいずれにしても公園の具体的な利用状況には触れていない。そこで、本研究では調査対象地選定のために首都高高架下への公園等の設置状況を把握した後、地域住民による利用のされかたの特徴を明らかにし、特殊な空間である道路高架下環境とそこでなされる活動の関係を明らかにし、今後高架下の活用を考える際の一助としたい。

著者

加藤 博 長友 大幸 下村 孝

出版者

公益社団法人 日本造園学会

雑誌

ランドスケープ研究 (ISSN:13408984)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.74, no.5, pp.805-810, 2011 (Released:2012-09-05)

参考文献数

40

被引用文献数

1 1

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Recently, the public comment, one of the opportunities for citizens to participate in administration, is conducted not only in central government ministries and agencies, but also in local governments in Japan. In this study, we investigated actual conditions of public comments-aided citizen participation in conservation and practical use of gardens as public properties. We searched the case of public comments which were provided more than one opinion about conservation and practical use of gardens through internet. As results, we picked out 11 cases of public comment and 36 provided comments. Examining their methods, the comments, and replies from implementing administration agencies, we found some tendencies among them as described below. The offering information and prepared means for providing comments were not enough to promote citizen participation. The comments about conservation of gardens were more than their practical use. Although various subjects of the public comments were implemented, some administration agencies seamed not so positive in implementation of them. We considered that it was desired to increase public comment procedures through ensuring more fairness and transparency, to promote garden management system depended on citizen participation.

著者

宮本 万理子 横張 真 保科 宇秀

出版者

公益社団法人 日本造園学会

雑誌

ランドスケープ研究 (ISSN:13408984)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.74, no.5, pp.673-678, 2011 (Released:2012-09-05)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

1 2

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This research aimed to identify landscape characteristics based on granting style of pastureland in Shimousa plateau, Japan. To accomplish this aim, this research examined two steps. First, relationship between granting style of pastureland and land use transformation was identified. Second, relationship between granting style of pastureland and the distribution of woodlands and farmlands and the street patterns was identified. In the results, four types of landscape characteristics based on granting style of pastureland were identified: 1) inherited both the distribution of woodlands and farmlands and the street patterns, 2) inherited the distribution of woodlands and farmlands, 3) inherited the street patterns, 4) inherited neither the distribution of woodlands and farmlands nor the street patterns. Furthermore, this research examined a new conservation concept of cultural landscape in Shimousa plateau, Japan.

著者

近江屋 一朗 齋藤 雪彦 田中 史郎

出版者

公益社団法人 日本造園学会

雑誌

ランドスケープ研究 (ISSN:13408984)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.74, no.5, pp.641-646, 2011 (Released:2012-09-05)

参考文献数

17

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In this research, we evaluated communications among children in an urban area. We classified their lives after school according to time of their private lessons and compared them in three levels — life level, space level and significant space level. As a result, it is found that their daily lives were significantly different from each other and children could not find adequate time to communicate. Furthermore, it is cleared that their communications were highly restricted by private lessons because the time zone when most of private lessons were given was the same as the time when many children who do not have private lessons communicated with their friends. Consequently, children who have lessons seldom communicate with their friends at houses, public facilities or parks. On the other hand, they used streets, shops or the school yard for communications because of the temporal characters of those places. From these conclusions, we proposed some spatial planning and a concept of “regional time-managing plan” to promote communications between children who have private lessons after school and those who do not have private lessons.

著者

林 まゆみ

出版者

日本造園学会

雑誌

ランドスケープ研究 (ISSN:13408984)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.5, pp.829-834, 2009

被引用文献数

3

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国内では、成熟社会を迎える中、地域の活性化を目指した公園の利活用や地方自治法の改正による指定管理者制度の導入を踏まえた管理運営のあり方等について、各地で模索が続いている。公園の管理運営を目的とした管理運営計画(以下PMPとする)は、現在では一元化した制度による位置づけはまだなされていない。PMPに関しての先進的事例として、筆者はニュージーランド(以下NZとする)に着目した。NZは日本の約3分の2(270,500平方km)の広さの国土に、2008年9月21日現在、人口が約427万87百人と我が国と比べると少なく、緑豊かな国である。人口密度は15.8人/平方kmであるが、オークランド、ウエリントン、クライストチャーチの3都市を合わせると約197万人になる。国全体としての入口密度は低いが、大都市に集中している。本論ではNZ独自の風土や背景のもと、多層的な法制度上に成り立つ『参画と協働』の仕組みによるPMPの策定を有用な情報として示し、今後我が国でもPMPの策定がより進展するための指針となることが重要な目的の一つである。

著者

大平 和弘 上甫木 昭春

出版者

公益社団法人 日本造園学会

雑誌

ランドスケープ研究 (ISSN:13408984)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.74, no.5, pp.491-496, 2011 (Released:2012-09-05)

参考文献数

29

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In this study, we identified bottom environments suitable for habitation by Vargula hilgendorfii, or the sea-firefly, whose habitat is the sea floor in shallow water, and environmental conditions which may affect habitation. The study areas included 70 points at 17 sandy areas off the eastern coast of Osaka Bay, where environmental degradation has been a concern. The quality of water and sediment on the sea floor was assessed, and the number of sea-fireflies inhabiting the locations was evaluated using bait-traps. The results showed that no or only a few sea-fireflies survive in the following places; places where salinity and dissolved oxygen were reduced due to nearby rivers, places where the bottom sediment was deoxidized due to artificial structures hindering tidal currents, and places where there was an accumulation of fine sand due to its drifting along rapid currents. The majority of the sea-fireflies live at limited locations in the center of Osaka Bay. Statistical analysis of a generalized linear model found the following conditions necessary for sea-firefly inhabitation; dissolved oxygen (explained deviance; 27.2%), oxidation-reduction potential (18.3%), salinity (12.8%), and mud content (7.3%).

著者

中尾 裕介

出版者

公益社団法人 日本造園学会

雑誌

ランドスケープ研究 (ISSN:13408984)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, no.5, pp.379-384, 2000-03-30 (Released:2011-07-19)

参考文献数

6

被引用文献数

1

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東アジア原産のツタは現在では西洋に広く普及している為, 西洋的なイメージを持つに至り, 日本的なイメージはやや希薄になっている。本稿では, ツタが日本では古来どのように観賞されてきたのかを明らかにすることにより, その来歴に応じた重層的な, 豊かなイメージの形成に資することを目的として, 古典和歌に詠まれたツタが, どの様な視点から観賞されているかを分析した。その結果, 植物自体の特性を観賞する視点, 他の植物と対比して観賞する視点, 植物の繁茂している場に関連した観賞の視点, 特定の土地と関連した観賞の視点という4つの類型について, 観賞の視点を明らかにすることが出来た。

著者

須田 歩 趙 ひゅん珠 李 宙営 藤井 英二郎

出版者

公益社団法人 日本造園学会

雑誌

ランドスケープ研究 (ISSN:13408984)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.5, pp.465-470, 2009 (Released:2010-06-24)

参考文献数

6

被引用文献数

1 2

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The effects of pair planting of Italian Cypress on the visual characteristics of geometric garden are discussed with the analysis of eye movements of 16 subjects. The distribution of eye fixation and eye movement speed inspecting French Garden from its east end are compared before and after the planting of pair trees which locate symmetrically at the western extension of east and west axe of the garden. The center of eye point distribution tends to concentrate on the central area including flower base after the planting of pair tree. And, the number of eye movement in the upper part of central area significantly increased in the male subjects. Contrarily, the number of eye movement in the lower part of central area significantly increased in the female subjects. Therefore, the characteristics of eye movement mentioned above are considered to indicate that the pair planting has a visual effect to conceive the axe of geometric garden.

著者

松島 肇 及川 昌樹 上田 裕文

出版者

Japanese Institute of Landscape Architecture

雑誌

ランドスケープ研究 (ISSN:13408984)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.75, no.5, pp.537-540, 2012

被引用文献数

1 2

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The coastal line of our country is long, approximately 35,000km, and various forms such as a muddy beach, a sandybeach, a rocky beach and a cliff. The coastal area was very important area for our life, industry, transportation, etc. from ancienttime. It is important to understand "the mindscape" which a modern Japanese holds for coastal landscape because of the decrease of the natural coast and the terrible recreational use of the coastal area. In this study, it was intended to identify the structure ofcoastal "mindscape" and factors that would influence their mindscape. The questionnaire survey was conducted to graduate andundergraduate students from August to October 2010. The questionnaire was consisted with two main part, survey about figureof the coastal mindscape and individual background of respondents. As a result, the "sandy beach" and sea were the majorcomponent of mindscape. Because most respondents enjoyed sea bathing as recreational use, it was guessed that the viewpointfrom the beach were dominated and inland area, like coastal dune, was not described. About the mindscape of half respondents were influenced by real scenery they had seen, but the remaining respondents were influenced by some kind of media such asphotographs or TV programs.

著者

小林 優介 安岡 善文 沢田 治雄

出版者

日本造園学会

雑誌

ランドスケープ研究 (ISSN:13408984)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.5, pp.763-766, 2009

被引用文献数

5 4

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都市域における公園緑地は都市形態規制効果、環境衛生的効果、防災効果、心理的効果、経済的効果、自然環境保全効果、休養・休息の場、子供の健全な育成の場、競技スポーツ・健康運動の場、教養・文化活動等様々な余暇活動の場、地域のコミュニティ活動・参加活動の場等様々な役割を果たしている。しかし、公園緑地のもつ非市場財という性格上、その外部経済効果を市場価格から直接評価することはできない。そのため、環境経済学の観点から非市場財を評価するさまざまな手法が提案されている。本研究では、公園・運動場等内の樹林地の存在が周辺地域の地価に外部経済効果をもたらしているか、もたらしているならどの範囲にどの程度もたらしているかを明らかにすることを目的とする。

著者

渡部 陽介 横張 真

出版者

公益社団法人 日本造園学会

雑誌

ランドスケープ研究 (ISSN:13408984)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.5, pp.643-646, 2010 (Released:2011-07-22)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

2

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This study aims to identify the characteristics of “bread-and-butter” landscapes,indispensable landscapes commonly experienced in daily lives, represented as important components of their regional identity by local residents. Three semi-structured group interview surveys were conducted in Aizu-wakamatsu in Fukushima Prefecture, and interview texts obtained were then analyzed by applying the text mining approach. The study identified; (a) “bread-and-butter” landscapes are explained in terms of time distance and physical behaviors, (b) relationships between “bread-and-butter” landscapes and ordinary behaviors are not frequently referred as important components of their regional identity by local residents, and (c) “bread-and-butter” landscapes such as shrines and mountains in the neighborhood are frequently referred as important components of their regional identity by residents in rural areas.

著者

藤沼 康実 青木 陽二

出版者

公益社団法人 日本造園学会

雑誌

ランドスケープ研究 (ISSN:13408984)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.2, pp.181-183, 1998-11-30 (Released:2011-07-19)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

2 4

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冬季の自然風景地の利用としてスキーは重要な活動である。スキー場の利用者数の変動を知ることは, 冬季における自然風景地を管理する上で, 混雑による不快や過剰利用による自然の破壊, 毎日のゴミ処理量や駐車場の必要量などを知る上で大切である。日光国立公園における奥日光湯元スキー場のスキー客数と駐車場の利用台数の変動について.休日のような社会的要因と気温や積雪のような自然的要因の影響について分析を行なった。その結果, 1, 2月と日祝日, 土曜日に利用が多くなることがわかった。また, 積雪や気温, 湿度などの気象条件も有意に影響していることが分かった。

著者

黒田 乃生

出版者

社団法人日本造園学会

雑誌

ランドスケープ研究 (ISSN:13408984)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.5, pp.645-650, 2009

被引用文献数

1

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日本は1992年にユネスコの「世界の文化遺産及び自然遺産の保護に関する条約」を締結し、現在11件の文化遺産と3件の自然遺産が世界遺産一覧表に記載されている。世界遺産委員会では自然環境への人間の働きかけの結果生み出された「自然と人間との共同作品」である「文化的景観」のように、自然的要素を有する文化遺産の保護が進められている。文化遺産における自然的要素としては、植物相や動物相、地質や地形、土壌などがあげられるが、これらについては自然遺産保護と文化遺産保護の双方の視点が欠かせないという指摘もある。しかし、実際には文化遺産はICOMOS、自然遺産はIUCNが、国内でも文化遺産は文化庁、自然遺産は環境省がそれぞれ評価と保護の措置を所管しており、文化遺産における自然的な価値の保護が包括的な体系の下に行なわれているとは言いがたい。また、日本では「紀伊山地の霊場と参詣道」における林業関係者による抗議の落書きの例のように、時間の経過や人為によって変化する森林のような自然的要素について、その役割と保護管理の手法が明確になっていない面もあると考えられる。以上の背景から、本研究では自然的要素である森林を対象として、日本における世界文化遺産の登録資産及びそのバッファーゾーンにおける現状を把握し、保護のありかたについて考察することを目的とする。The comprehensive protection of cultural and natural heritage has been an issue and has also been discussed by the World Heritage Committee. Through an analysis of the current situation of forests in the World Cultural Heritage Sites, the following points are clarified. In general, 74% of all properties and 77% of properties and buffer zones are covered with forests. Within the forest area, 36% of the forests are planted forests and 20% are national forests. Most of the forests have been under the influence of human activity, which has resulted in characteristic vegetation. A local-government level forest management plan that corresponds to the character of the forests and provides comprehensive protection to the cultural and natural elements is essential. Moreover, the evaluation process for cultural heritage should incorporate specific description of the vegetation as this will lead to an objective assessment and effective management plan.

著者

畠瀬 頼子 小栗 ひとみ 松江 正彦

出版者

Japanese Institute of Landscape Architecture

雑誌

ランドスケープ研究 (ISSN:13408984)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.71, no.5, pp.553-556, 2008

被引用文献数

2 6

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In Japan, Coreopsis lanceolata has been invading riverbed vegetation and is designated as an invasive alien species. A study regarding its occurrence and the vegetation transition in the riverbed of Kiso River was conducted. Comparing the vegetation maps of 1979, 1996 and 2006 revealed that over time, the area of the wet grassland had decreased. However, the forest area and bamboo/dwarf bamboo community had increased. Contrastingly, the area of the dry grassland tends to change little and is sustained. C. lanceolata occurred in 70% of the area of the dry grassland and 50% of the area of shrubs in 2006. C. lanceolata occurred frequently in the Artemisia capillaris-Anaphalis margaritacea subsp. yedoensis community and Zoysia japonica-Potentilla chinensis community in 2006. This study reports regarding some types of the dry grassland including the communities with the specific native plants that was sustained for a long time and is invaded easily by C. lanceolata.

著者

板川 暢 片桐 由希子 一ノ瀬 友博 大澤 啓志 石川 幹子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本造園学会

雑誌

ランドスケープ研究 (ISSN:13408984)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.5, pp.431-436, 2010 (Released:2011-07-22)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

3 3

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A study was conducted on Orthoptera (Acrididae, Tettigoniidae, Gryllidae) in 56 sites of reclaimed land of Kanazawa District, Yokohama City, Kanagawa Prefecture through May to October of 2008. 28 species and 1941 individuals were recorded during this study. By using TWINSPAN and partitioning, classifications of the Orthoptera and study sites were made based on the results of this study. Also we investigated concerning vegetation, soil, distance from original land,and area coverd with vagetation around field as environmental factors. The study sites were sorted into 5 groups and the Orthoptera were sorted into 4 groups by using TWINSPAN. Based on 5 study site groups, partitioning analysis was conducted.Results suggest vegetation height, coverings of evergreens and deciduous trees of middle to high height, and distance from original land are related to Orthoptera inhabitation. However, it has not been clearly understood the distance from original land was selected as explanatory variable. A further verification is necessary because of the possibility that area coverd with vegetation around the field is related was suggested.

著者

篠沢 健太 宮城 俊作 根本 哲夫

出版者

公益社団法人 日本造園学会

雑誌

ランドスケープ研究 (ISSN:13408984)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.71, no.5, pp.773-778, 2008-03-31 (Released:2009-05-08)

参考文献数

39

被引用文献数

3 5

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Primary purpose of this research is to show how the regional structure of natural environment was integrated into the planning and design of parks and green spaces in the process of suburban new town developed in a hilly topographical area. The following studies were made for parks and green spaces in Senri New Town located in city of Suita and Toyonaka of Osaka Prefecture ; (1) how the location and functional zoning of large parks and green spaces are related to structure of natural environment by examining a series of articles and documents prepared through the development process, (2) how the condition of natural environment affected design and planning of regional parks and neighborhood parks in residential area by comparing original drawings of park plan and topographical maps with those in the present time.Among the findings,in particular, it was noted that natural vegetation areas on the hillside slope and irrigation ponds preserved in the developed areas critically affected space composition of the parks. Design and planning of parks were implemented through adaptable process to change size of park facilities and relocate some functional spaces to other parks and green spaces in order to enhance the effects of natural environment on the site.