著者

綿村 英一郎 分部 利紘 佐伯 昌彦

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.1, pp.11-20, 2014-08-18 (Released:2015-06-06)

参考文献数

26

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This study verified the influence of a punishment reference histogram on the sentences of lay judges. In Experiment 1, 80 undergraduates determined the prison terms of an offender in an audio trial. About half the students were shown a histogram with a peak of the punishment meted out in similar cases and the remainder a histogram without it. The peak was set as a relatively short prison term (5–10 yrs) considering the seriousness of the crime (murder). The result indicated that the peak-histogram group chose significantly shorter prison terms than did the non-peak-histogram group, suggesting that the peak influenced the former’s sentencing. Moreover, Experiment 2 showed that the peak of the histogram influenced participant sentencing more strongly than a table, although both held the same punishment data, and that the same shaped histogram of different data did not. From these results, we concluded that the anchoring effect of the histogram is most likely to be caused by the visual attractiveness of the peak.

著者

相馬 敏彦

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.3, pp.60-61, 2023-03-31 (Released:2023-03-31)

参考文献数

3

著者

田戸岡 好香 村田 光二

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.1, pp.46-56, 2010-08-31 (Released:2017-02-21)

被引用文献数

8

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Suppressing stereotypical thoughts ironically leads to a rebound effect (i.e., an increase in the accessibility of the stereotypes after suppression). Past research has shown that using the counter-stereotypes (e.g., that the elderly are competent) as replacement thoughts was not successful in diminishing the rebound effect. In this research, based on the stereotype content model, we hypothesized that on suppressing one dimension of the stereotype (i.e., incompetence) another dimension (i.e., warmth) could be an effective and practical replacement. Specifically, we tested whether participants who suppressed the incompetence-related aspects of elderly stereotypes would diminish the rebound if they used warmth-related aspects of the elderly as a replacement. Experiment 1 confirmed the rebound effect after suppressing incompetence-related aspects of the elderly, and experiments 2 and 3 examined the effect of the thought-replacement strategy. On suppressing incompetence of the elderly, participants who focused on warmth-related aspects decreased the rebound effect compared to those who focused on the counterstereotypes. We discussed the efficacy of using another dimension of stereotypes to prevent the rebound effect.

著者

大久保 暢俊 鷹阪 龍太 山田 一成

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, no.2, pp.76-84, 2021-12-25 (Released:2021-12-25)

参考文献数

20

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The purpose of this study is to develop a Japanese version of the Shopping Consciousness Scale (SCS) and to examine its construct validity. Factor analyses of data by 520 nonprobability online panels in a Web survey (in 2016) confirmed a hypothesized two-factor structure (the hedonic and utilitarian), and each subscale showed high internal consistency. Correlation analyses of data by 568 nonprobability online panels in a Web survey (in 2018) confirmed high test-retest reliability for each subscale. Furthermore, the correlations of each subscale with other measures (window shopping and frugality) provided support for the construct validity of each subscale. In many cases, these relationships were not affected by variables such as gender, household income, and discretionary income. In addition, we examined sociodemographics and personality predictors for each subscale. These factors were not as strongly related to these predictors as expected. Finally, the implications of these findings and the usefulness of SCS for online consumer behavior research are discussed.

著者

佐藤 有紀 五十嵐 祐

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.2, pp.93-100, 2017-12-25 (Released:2017-12-25)

参考文献数

37

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This study investigated the effect of a player’s regulatory focus on his/her preference for cooperation and prosociality in a social dilemma situation. After the manipulation of regulatory focus, participants chose cooperation (remaining silent) or defection (betrayal) in simultaneous and sequential Prisoner’s Dilemma (PD) tasks based on a traditional scenario of prison sentence rewards. Participants in the prevention focus condition showed more defection than did those in the promotion focus and the control conditions. In the sequential PD task, a greater number of participants in the prevention focus condition used an egoistic strategy (i.e., consistent defection) as the second movers than did those in the promotion focus and the control conditions, who tended to use a conditional cooperation strategy. These findings suggest that prevention-focused players show a less strong preference for cooperation and behave more selfishly when the pay-off matrix is loss-framed.

著者

白岩 祐子 栗本 真奈 唐沢 かおり

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, no.2, pp.49-57, 2020-11-30 (Released:2020-11-30)

参考文献数

32

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The items left by the deceased are often referred to as inherited items, of which those of particular importance are sometimes called mementos. In this study, to examine our predictions that some of the meaning bereaved families find in mementos are related to their continuing bonds with the deceased, we asked 250 adult men and women who had experienced the deaths of people important to them to cooperate in a questionnaire. It was shown that a memento mainly contains four meanings: 1) substance/functionality, 2) emotional/relationship-oriented, 3) respect for the will, and 4) symbolic of loss. Of these, 2) emotional/relationship-oriented and 3) respect for the will are positively related to the continuing bonds. These suggest that the meaning a bereaved family finds in a memento may be a rough indication of the progress of mourning.

著者

和田 実

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, no.1, pp.11-17, 1995-09-15 (Released:2016-12-04)

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The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between self-disclosure and psychological well-being. Psychological well-being is defined as a satisfaction with one's life and being in a good mood. Each subject rated the quantity and the willingness to disclose him or herself to close friends of the same sex. Subjects were 247 (91 male and 156 female) undergraduates. The major findings were as follows: 1. Male subjects had more differences in quantity of disclosure or the willingness of disclosure than females, but they expressed concern that they had no chance to disclose themselves more openly. 2. Female subjects expressed more psychological well-being than males. 3. When they have a larger quantity of self-disclosure, they tend to have more psychological well-being. The females had more willingness to disclose themselves, but they tend to have more psychological well-being. That is, it was suggested that the relationship between self-disclosure and psychological well-being was curvilinear.

著者

箱井 英寿 高木 修

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, no.1, pp.39-47, 1987-11-20 (Released:2016-11-22)

被引用文献数

9

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The three-fold purposes of the present study are to make clear the structure of normative attitude toward helping, to clarify the structural disparity between the different groups of sex, age and generation, and to confirm correspondence between those attitudes and helping behaviors. A total of 418 subjects rated 29 attitude items related to helping norms in terms of their agreement with those items. The data were analyzed by the method of principal component analysis, and four helping norms (factors) were produced. Analyses of variance, sex (2) × age (4) or generation (2) factorial design found sex, age, and generation differences. The older generation, for example, tends to agree the norm of restitution more than the younger generation, but to agree the exchange norm less than the younger generation. It was confirmed that the normative attitudes correspond to helping behaviors. For example, a man of experience in blood donation possesses a stronger positive attitude toward the norm of self-sacrifice than one who has no experience.

著者

竹澤 正哲

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, no.3, pp.114-115, 2021-03-31 (Released:2021-03-31)

参考文献数

2

著者

縄田 健悟 山口 裕幸

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.3, pp.167-177, 2011-03-25 (Released:2017-02-21)

被引用文献数

1

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When an outgroup member's behavior proves harmful for an ingroup member, a member of the victim's group sometimes retaliates against a member of the perpetrator's group. This phenomenon is called intergroup vicarious retribution. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect on intergroup vicarious retribution of being observed by ingroup members (ingroup audience effect). In this study, we allowed the winner of a one-on-one match to impose a fine on the loser in order to manipulate and measure aggression. It was found that participants imposed a bigger fine on an outgroup member when observed by ingroup members than when they were not. Path analysis revealed that being observed by ingroup members has an effect on the fine imposed on the outgroup member through expected admiration from ingroup members and the motivation of retaliation only in the condition of being informed about harm. Being observed by ingroup members enhances the expectations of gaining admiration from ingroup members and intergroup vicarious retribution occurs to a higher degree. The findings of this study suggest that intra-group processes, such as being observed by ingroup members, escalate intergroup conflict.

著者

及川 昌典 及川 晴

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.1, pp.40-46, 2013-08-31 (Released:2017-02-24)

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The role of emotional suppression and expression in the affective priming effect was addressed by examining the consequences of expressing one's emotions toward the primes within the framework of the affect misattribution procedure (AMP: Payne, Cheng, Govorun, & Stewart, 2005). Consistent with previous findings, pleasant or unpleasant picture primes influenced subsequent evaluations of unrelated neutral targets, despite blatant warning to ignore the primes. Interestingly, however, the affective priming effect disappeared when participants expressed their affective responses toward the primes. Moreover, the effect of negative emotional expression was moderated by individual differences in self-rumination. These findings suggest that an affective priming effect ensues when affect is kept unexpressed.

著者

尾関 美喜 米澤 香那子 根ヶ山 光一

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.31, no.1, pp.13-24, 2015-08-31 (Released:2015-09-09)

参考文献数

23

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Group resilience is the competency of a group to recover from an accident and maintain its activity. It is captured by the sequence of behaviors of its members. In this study, group resilience was defined in terms of four key abilities, namely the ability to prevent undesirable incidents from happening, to keep undesirable incidents from worsening, to recover from an accident after it has already occurred, and to maintain group activity levels. The present study aimed at exploring whether these four abilities were exerted differently according to incidents of varying degrees of danger and frequency. The results of the study showed that moderately dangerous incidents occurring frequently were rarely remained unsolved. Ability to prevent undesirable incidents from happening and ability to keep undesirable incidents from worsening were also shown to be instrumental in solutions for less dangerous incidents that sometimes occurred, though such incidents were hardly ever settled by the group’s ability to maintain its levels of activity. Frequent incidents that were a little dangerous were not settled by ability to prevent undesirable incidents. The ability to prevent undesirable incidents from occurring was not effective in such incidents. Furthermore, the study found that if group members did not have prior experience handling rare incidents that were dangerous, group resilience might not be exerted on such circumstances.

著者

横山 智哉 稲葉 哲郎

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.2, pp.92-103, 2016-11-30 (Released:2016-11-30)

参考文献数

54

被引用文献数

1

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Recent studies find that political talk influences political participation. However, as of yet, there has been no clear demonstration of how political talk translates into increased political participation. This study proposes a bridging effect, which reduces the perceived psychological distance between citizens and politics. In order to test this explanation, we collected panel data on an online national volunteer sample in November 2012 and January 2013. Findings suggest that the direct relationship between political talk and participation in governmental politics may be mediated through perceived psychological distance to politics. These findings support the bridging effect explanation.

著者

油尾 聡子 吉田 俊和

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.1, pp.32-40, 2012

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This study examined whether the norm of reciprocity, which implies that people feel compelled to return favors, plays a role in deterring inconsiderate behavior. We predicted that both gratitude messages, such as "Thank you for parking your bike in a straight line," and knowledge of the sender's identity facilitate reciprocation and thus deter inconsiderate behavior. Participants (N=191) were randomly assigned to read one of four descriptions. These descriptions reflected a 2 (messages: gratitude vs. prohibition)×2 (sender identity: clear vs. ambiguous) between-participants design. The participants subsequently rated the extent to which they were likely to engage in inconsiderate behavior in a given situation. As predicted, when the sender's identity was clear, the participants exposed to a gratitude message tended to refrain from inconsiderate behavior by invoking the norm of reciprocity. We also discuss the effectiveness and implications of the norm of reciprocity as a deterrent of inconsiderate behavior.

著者

沼崎 誠 小口 孝司

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.1, pp.42-49, 1990

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The present study tried to make a Japanese self-handicapping scale and examined the scale to measure the individual differences in self-handicapping behavior. Subjects were 428 university students. In Study 1, the self-handicapping scale (Jones et al., 1986) was translated into Japanese. The self-handicapping scale was analyzed, its items and structure were checked for reliability, and so on. As a result "SH23" that consists of 23 items was made "SH23" was negatively correlated with self-esteem scales as predicted. In Study 2, the predictive validity was confirmed. Also two factors that are the "can't" factor and the "wouldn't" factor which were extracted in Study 1 were contributed independently to predict self-handicapping behaviors.

著者

池内 裕美

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.1602, (Released:2018-06-15)

参考文献数

27

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In this study, a hoarding tendency is defined as a trait whereby many possessions are saved and cannot be discarded because of their subjective meaning. For this study, an internet-survey of non-clinical individuals was conducted. First, the effects of age and gender on expression of hoarding were investigated. Next, as the main purpose of this study, the causal relationships between hoarding tendencies and various problems that hoarding causes were investigated. Four hundred and fifty-three participants were asked to complete a questionnaire. The main findings were as follows: 1) Females and people in their 30s significantly tended to hoard possessions. 2) The results of analysis indicated that hoarding caused mental problems, economic problems, social problems, and functional problems. In addition, a covariance structure analysis for the proposed model suggested that excessive attachment to possessions, such as “avoidance of discarding possessions” and “extended self,” caused an excessive build-up of items in the home, and these functional problems resulted in the above-mentioned problems. 3) Furthermore, the results of multi-sample simultaneous analysis indicated that the causal model for participants in their 60s was greatly different from that of other age groups. That model revealed that people in their 60s did not hesitate to throw belongings away and did not have the various problems that hoarding causes.

著者

大友 章司

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.31, no.3, pp.212, 2016-03-18 (Released:2016-03-28)

著者

今在 慶一朗

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.3, pp.169-179, 2013

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As a result of decentralization, the role which local municipalities fill in Japanese administration has become still more important. In this research, the relationship between the perceived fairness of decision-making by municipalities and people's attitudes to the region was examined. According to conventional studies on procedural justice, it has been confirmed that people use group authority as a cue to the fairness of decision-making and their attachments to the group are strengthened according to that perceived fairness. We conducted a questionnaire survey of residents in Sapporo and confirmed that city personnel tend to become a psychological factor in the perceived fairness of municipal administration. In addition, we confirmed that people in a low-income bracket tend to strengthen their attachments to their region through perceived fairness and to hold optimistic prospects concerning their livelihood.

著者

福島 治 岩崎 浩三 青木 慎一郎 菊池 潤考

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.1, pp.1-11, 2006

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この論文は「親の自己愛と子への攻撃 : 自己の不遇を子に帰すとき」(「社会心理学研究」22巻1号, p1-11, 2006.8)を英訳したものであるNarcissists are more likely than non-narcissists to attack a person who threatens their self-evaluation, because of the vulnerability of the self-evaluation (Baumeister, Smart, & Borden, 1996). Based on this model, it was hypothesized that those parents who are more narcissistic would more commit aggressive acts toward their children in cases where they intensely attribute to the child interference with their own ability to demonstrate their work performance (i.e., their self-esteem feels threatened). A hierarchical regression analysis of the self-report data from 626 sampled parents supported the hypothesis: among high attribution (i.e., highly blaming) parents, the more narcissistic reported more aggressive acts toward their children; in contrast, among the middle or the low attribution parents, narcissism did not significantly correlate with reported aggressive acts. The moderator effects of attribution on narcissists' aggression toward their children were discussed.

著者

小俣 謙二

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.1, pp.1-10, 2013

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The present study aimed to examine the possibility that the reputation of a rape victim and the prejudice that women desire violent sex interactively influence third party bystanders' blame of the victim and assessment of psychological damage suffered by the victim. College students (n=399; 177 men, 222 women) responded to a questionnaire. Respectability was defined as follows: less respectable victims were part-time cabaret hostesses and the average respectable victims were average female students. Results indicated that less respectable victims were blamed more and assessed as having suffered less damage in comparison to the average student victims. In addition, there was an interaction between respectability and respondents' prejudices about the sexual desires of women, such that the effect of respectability on blaming the victim was limited to respondents with fewer prejudices about the sexual desires of women.