著者

Logan Richard

出版者

文教大学

雑誌

文学部紀要 (ISSN:09145729)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.2, pp.29-40, 2009-03

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Endo Shusaku's first work of fiction was published in 1954 and describes a journey by ship from the French port Marseilles to Aden on the Arabian Peninsula. The main character muses on his inability to bridge the racial and cultural gap between Japanese and Europeans.

著者

星野 常夫

出版者

文教大学

雑誌

言語と文化 = Language and Culture (ISSN:09147977)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, pp.73-80, 1993-07-01

著者

井徳 正吾

出版者

文教大学

雑誌

情報研究 = Information and Communication Studies (ISSN:03893367)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, pp.1-17, 2016-01-01

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There are a lot of theses about brand strategies but hardly any about brand development for consumer products. This thesis describes the brand development steps with data driven approach. Iemon, a brand of Japanese green tea drink released by Suntory, is used to examine each of these procedures and associated advertisement volume and duration for them.

著者

石原俊一

出版者

文教大学

雑誌

人間科学研究 = Bulletin of Human Science (ISSN:03882152)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, pp.51-59, 2007-12-01

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Positive emotional activities such as mirthful laughter have recently been suggested as modifiers of neuroendocrine hormones involved in the classical stress response. In other words, spontaneous laughter is suggested to contribute to physiological and psychological health. \nFor example, Berk et al. (1989a,b) reported the relationship between natural killer cell activity and laughter. They also reported that the mirthful laughter experience appears to reduce serum levels of cortisol, dopac, epinephrine, and growth hormone. These biochemical changes have implications for the reversal of the neuroendocrine and classical stress hormone response. \nThis study investigated the effects of spontaneous laughter on autonomic nervous response to a humorous video. Thirty students were classified randomly divided into a laughing group who watched the DVD and laughed spontaneously(n = 15) or a control group who watched the blue screen of a monitor(n = 15).During all experimental sessions, electrodermal activity(EDA), heart rate(HR), and skin temperature(ST) were measured. \nResults revealed no changes in the autonomic nervous responses in the control group. In the laughing group, however, sympathetic reactivity accelerated significantly in the experimental session and then decreased significantly in the recovery session. Thus, spontaneous laughter indicated the effects of relaxation. \nResults of the Profile of Mood States(POMS) revealed no changes in emotions in the control group after the experimental session but did reveal a decrease in negative emotions and increase in positive emotion were recognized in the laughing group.\nDetailed studies of other autonomic nervous responses, and baroreflex sensitivity in particular, must be conducted in the future.

著者

磯山 甚一

出版者

文教大学

雑誌

文学部紀要 = Bulletin of The Faculty of Language and Literature (ISSN:09145729)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, no.2, pp.25-56, 2001-01-01

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1983年に開園した東京ディズニーランドには,「カリブの海賊」という名称の人工空間が造営されている。それを一つの例として,今日の日本には「カリブ海域」に関わる言説が多方面に見られ,英文学史上の小説作品として知られる『ロビンソン・クルーソー』もその一つである。ところがロビンソン・クルーソーの物語のテクストは,17世紀後半のカリブ海域をめぐる言説であることが隠蔽されて今日の日本に流通している。ロビンソン・クルーソーの暮らす島が「絶海の孤島」であるというのは,何かの理由によってつくりあげられた思い込みによる誤解である。コロンブスの新大陸「発見」を契機にして西ヨーロッパの列強が新大陸に競って進出し,全地球を巻き込む「近代世界」というシステムをつくりあげた。そのシステムの形成過程のなかに位置付けることによってロビンソン・クルーソー物語を理解することが重要である。

著者

藤田 雅子 日浦 美智江

出版者

文教大学

雑誌

人間科学研究 = Bulletin of Human Science (ISSN:03882152)

巻号頁・発行日

no.17, pp.72-85, 1995-12-01

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Social consciousness of the disabled is very important to build our welfare society. The youth is to bear the responsibility for the coming age. The aim of this study is to make researches in school children's consciousness of the disabled.They belong to the fifth and sixth grade of two elementary schools, and the first to third grade of two junior high schools. Their age is about ten to fifteen years old. One of the elementary schools has the special class for the mental retarded and is near a day center for the severly multiple disabled. The other one has no special class, but in the same district there is the special school for the blind. One of the junior high school is near a day center for the severly disabled. The other one has no special class and is in the area neither special school nor institution for the disabled. Seven hundred seventy two school-children answered the questionnaire.Question no.1 and 2 are about indirect experiences about the disabled. Namely they have known or not the disabled through biography, movie or TV. No.3, 5, 7 and 9 are about personal contact with the visual disabled, the auditory disabled, the motor disabled and the mental retarded. No.4, 6, 8 and 10 are their feeling of these disabled. No.11 and 12 are thier direct experiences of the preson with white cane and the parson on the wheelchair. No.13 and 14 are about the chance of meeting or knowing each other. No.15 is about volunteer for social welfare activities. No.16 asks the thinking if they were parents of the disabled child in future. No.17 is about jobs related the disabled. School children choose yes, no or no answer. Each puestion has four to six subquestions. "Who is the person putting up with incoveniencens?" This no.18 requires children to describe their answer. "What is your idea for well-to-do the disabled?" Describing answer is asked to this question, no.19.1.8 to 3.8% children have the disabled brother or sister. 3.5 to 17.8% have the disabled relatives or friends. 24.4% to 92.5% know the disabled around them. Three fourths of the junior high school students are aware of the mental retarded. In the elementary school having the special class and the junior high school near the instiution for the disabled, children meet more frequently than in the other schools. About half to 70% children wish to study and play with the disabled. But fewer children in the school with special class want to be with the mental retarded. Fewer children knowing the blind want to live with the visual disabled. Fewer children knowing the severely handicapped want to coexist with the motor disabled. Knowing sometimes makes child careful.Much more children who can describe their own ideas are in the elemntary school having special class and the junior high school near the day center for the disabled. The contents written by these children are supported by their realistic experience in daily life. The interchange of personnel is important.The result between quantitative and qualitative seems to be contradictory. It is the reason why developing consciousness of the disabled is step by step. Generally at the start the disabled is inddifferent. By meeting the disabled, people are psychologically stimulated and then some responces occur like interest, pity, sympathy or rejection. A small number of them set up the constructive relationship with the disabled and the real coexistence-feeling springs up. For building up the actual welfare society, the constructive relationship and the coexistence-feeling are very important, considering as a whole. If the abled are mixed with the disabled, mutual understanding is not easy. The task imposed on our soceity is how to correct ignorence to the disabled and enhance the feeling of pity or sympathy to the conxistence-feeling.

著者

広内 哲夫 坂本 和義

出版者

文教大学

雑誌

情報研究 = Information and Communication Studies (ISSN:03893367)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, pp.159-177, 1997-01-01

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Young-Helmholzの3色説とHeringの反対色説を融合した段階説の数理モデルを構築することを試みた。色光の混合におけるGrassmanの第3法則を3色説と反対色説に適用して、3色説の3原色と反対色説の6基本色を相互に変換する混色式/脱混色式の導出した。この式を利用することによって、NCSと類似の表色系をコンピュータ画面上に容易に作成することが可能となった。また、反対色応答の機構を数学的に説明することも出来た。\nAn attempt has been made with construction of a mathematical model of the stage theory obtained by merging Young-Helm-holz's trichromatic theory and Hering's opponent colors theory. By applying Grassman's 3rd Law in the mixture of color lights to the trichromatic theory and opponent colors theory, introduction has been made with mixed color equation / de-mixed color equation with which 3 primary colors of the trichromatic theory and 6 fundamental colors of the opponent colors theory are interchangeable. Utilization of this equation has made it possible to form very easily the color order system similar to NCS on a computer screen. On the other hand, a mathematical explanation has been possible with the structure of the chromatic response.

著者

丸山 鋼二

出版者

文教大学

雑誌

文教大学国際学部紀要 = Journal of the Faculty of International Studies Bunkyo University (ISSN:09173072)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, pp.93-118, 1996-01-01

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This paper aims to explain a characteristic of contemporary Chinese politics, that is, how the reins of Chinese administration are held in the hands of a few authoritarians and its politics under the rule of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), which is dependent on the armed forces. This is done by analyzing how the top leadership of the CCP coped with the early situation of the Tian' anmen Crisis in 1989. My analysis focusses on the activities of major six actors : (1) Deng Xiaoping as Supreme Leader, (2) the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau (SCPB) of the CCP as the highest decision-making organ, (3) Yang Shangkun and Wang Zhen as Deng's private sworn friends, (4) the Beijing Municipal Committee (BMC) of the CCP, (5) the State Committee of Education, and (6) the Student Democracy Movement. In power struggles such as the Tian' anmen Crisis, the most important factor for each hostile division contending for supremacy was how to have influence upon Deng's attitude and get his support. It is difficult to analyze Deng's political thought, because it is a compound of some contradictory elements such as realism, pragmatism, rationalism and a patriarchal temperament which supports military oppression. On April 24 the BMC sent an appeal to the SCPB to enforce rigid regulations against the student movement. That night it was accepted by the SCPB with enlarged membership which included the secretary-general of the party, Zhao Ziyang, at that time visiting North Korea. Conservatives in the Party finally succeeded in changing Deng's attitude and getting his support. Deng's patriarchalism and military tendencies predominated over his rationalism. He concluded to label the student movement a "disturbance". In accordance with Deng's attitude, the Ren-min Ri-bao (People's Daily) ran an editorial entitled "Stop the Disturbance with a determined attitude" on April 26. On reflection, this early synopsis of taking a hard-line attitude against the student movement was written by Deng himself, including the appeal of the BMC which was faithfully written according to Deng's intention from the beginning.

著者

GRAHAM Jimu

出版者

文教大学

雑誌

文学部紀要 (ISSN:09145729)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.2, pp.1-38, 2019-03

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This is a continuation of the discussion on how various types of school textbooks used in Japan and the United States lack a thoroughness that begs for supplementation or revision (Graham 67-93). In addition to virtually ignoring war's role in the social history of American racial relations by Japanese textbook writers, within the framework of history instruction, both countries' textbooks avoid authentic testimony by individual soldiers on what it feels like to kill another human being, whether combatant or non-combatant. While literature and popular culture aptly take up this theme for emotional and aesthetic effect, raw and artless accounts of war's most grotesque realities are seldom if ever juxtaposed with the names and dates textbooks offer students for rote memorization that can lead to success on examinations. A direct proximity of such recollections to the dry narrative of modern war's geopolitical ramifications would deepen an understanding of what war really is, at least where more sensitive students are concerned.

著者

GRAHAM Jim

出版者

文教大学

雑誌

文学部紀要 (ISSN:09145729)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.1, pp.67-93, 2018-09

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This paper is a discussion of how the card-stacking technique has been employed in promoting historical understanding among youth, mainly where textbooks are concerned, but in the information mainstream as well. Both Japan and the United States have their unsavory histories, whether it be the enslavement of African Americans for the United States or the militarist past in Japan. Where it comes to Japan's understanding of how to teach modern American history, too, the domestic significance of World War II can get short shrift altogether. A particular widely respected Japanese publisher of textbooks for school age English language learners highlights and even celebrates the message of Martin Luther King's "I Have a Dream," but makes an error of omission revealing a stunning lack of historical perspective.

著者

鎌田 晶子 臼井 信男 吉野 大輔

出版者

文教大学

雑誌

人間科学研究 = Bulletin of Human Science (ISSN:03882152)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.31, pp.153-160, 2010-03-01

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The mere exposure effect for merchandise was examined experimentally using two-alternative forced choice tasks (N = 88). Relations between the features of merchandise and the mere exposure effect were examined with impression tests for each item of merchandise (N = 67). The results showed that repeated exposure increased preference for everyday products (i.e., toilet paper, scissors, pencils), but not for adornments (such as bouquets) which were more likely to evoke aesthetic emotions. Discussion focuses on the relations between mere exposure and affective evaluations of different products.商品に対する単純接触効果について、二肢強制選択法を用いて実験的に検討した(N = 88)。商品ごとに印象評定を行い(N = 67)、商品の特徴と単純接触効果の関係について検討した。その結果、はさみ、シャープペンシル、トイレットペーパーのような実用品については単純接触効果が認められ、花束のような美的印象や感情が喚起されやすい装飾品には単純接触効果が認められなかった。感情的評価と単純接触効果の生起の関係について考察した。

著者

鈴木 昇一

出版者

文教大学

雑誌

情報研究 = Information and Communication Studies (ISSN:03893367)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, pp.29-82, 1998-01-01

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高次認知機能における推論は、記号列によってなされていると想定すると都合がよい。マルチメディア時代に突入し、マルチメディアの進化形としての知能情報メディアが取り沙汰される現在、記号列とパターンとの2大情報表現を統合する手法の確立が望まれるようになってきた。本研究の目的は、記号列情報処理と同様に精密な推論技術に役立つ1つの論理表現の要素を確保するため、1つの概念はプール関数で符号化されることを勘案し、月本に啓発され、非単調命題論理における論理関数(命題;真理関数)をパターンとみなし、2つの命題の間に或る種の内積を導入し、命題間の距離、命題の持つ情報量を提案している。月本論文では、剰余類の作る線形空間、並びに、線形空間の完備化としてのヒルベルト空間(剰余類の作る空間の完備化)などに言及していないが、本論文では、この不備を補っている。 得られた完全正規直交系を使って、SS理論における3種類のパターンモデルを構成している。このパターンモデルTφは原パターンφの持つ論理構造を簡略化表現しており、モデル構成作用素と呼ばれる作用素Tを使用し、ニューラルネットも構成できる。 本研究によって、命題記号論理をパターン認識分野でのパターンで取り扱うことが可能となった。\n An idea of that an inference in higher-level cognition has been performed using strings has good reason to explain faculties of intelligent information-processing. Two major information-representations by both strings and patterns should be integrated at the present period of intelligent information media. Tsukimoto's paper started me writing this paper. This paper aims at securing a primitive component for logical representation in a higher-level cognitive function in order to serve to make an inference as precisely as symbolic inference. Notice that a concept can be coded with a truth function. In this paper, We regard as a pattern a truth function in non-monotonic propositional logic. A kind of inner product between two propositions is thought out. A distance between two propositions and an amount of information owned by the proposition can be defined Tsukimoto does not make mention of a linear space which consists of residue classes and a Hilbert space as a completion of the linear space. We shall supplement defective descriptions in Tsukimoto's paper. Three kinds of pattern-model proposed by S.Suzuki is constructed using a complete orthonormal system in the obtained Hilbert space. A pattern-model Tφ can represent a corresponding logical structure of the original pattern φ in a simplified form. Moreover It is referred that neural networks are obtained by operator T called model-construction operator. This investigation enables us to treat with a symbolic logic among propositions by means of patterns in the field of pattern-recognition.

著者

中村 修也

出版者

文教大学

雑誌

教育学部紀要 = Annual Report of The Faculty of Education (ISSN:03882144)

巻号頁・発行日

no.52, pp.332-322, 2018-12-20

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現代において行われている四頭行事の概要を、鎌倉の円覚寺、京都の東福寺において検証し、さらに四頭茶礼については建長寺の例も見た。その結果、これらの四頭茶礼が、室町時代の「喫茶往来」に描かれた茶事とほぼ共通していることを確認した。さらに、「喫茶往来」の茶に現れた四種十服は「太平記」の百服茶と同様であることも確認したうえで、両者が室町期の一般的な喫茶との共通性をもっているという学説を紹介した。これらの茶礼が行われる禅院の清規について検証すると、清規が禅院の典型的な生活規範として絶対的な存在感を持っていたことを確認し、そこで実は喫茶が大きなウエイトをもっていることを認識した。また鎌倉時代から禅宗は日本各地に広まり、禅院の影響力が大幅に力をもっていたことがわかった。そして、なにゆえ禅院で喫茶が取り入れられたのかという点については、実はお茶が栄養に偏りのある禅院での栄養補給材料となっていることを明らかにした。

著者

金井 恵里可

出版者

文教大学

雑誌

文教大学国際学部紀要 = Journal of the Faculty of International Studies Bunkyo University (ISSN:09173072)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.2, pp.81-98, 2000-02-01

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It goes without saying that the access on roads near one's residence is essential to every person's life. Nevertheless, the passage of highways has been thought to be die ?ffentlichen Sachen im Gemeingebrauch and not the exercise of public right in Japan. On the other hand, since the Supreme Court judged that the obstruction of traffic on the highway implies the infringement of "the right to freedom of passage" in 1964, lower courts have accepted the idea of the private right to access. But the right is not admitted to be public one, so it is difficult to claim the illegitimacy of highway administration. To the contrary, on the privately owned and administrated quasi-highways--it might be a highway administration system peculiar to Japan--, passage restrictions by the private administrator are frequently judged to be infringements of "the right to freedom of passage". This article aims to make clear that the passage of highways can be an exercise of public right in the comparison with "the right to freedom of passage" as a private right to access and as a right which can be asserted against the private administrations of quasi-highways.

著者

中村 敏夫

出版者

文教大学

雑誌

湘南フォーラム:文教大学湘南総合研究所紀要 = Shonan Forum : Journal of the Shonan Research Institute Bunkyo University (ISSN:18834752)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, pp.116, 1996-10-01

著者

山口 雄輔

出版者

文教大学

雑誌

言語と文化 = Language and Culture (ISSN:09147977)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, pp.101-103, 1993-07-01

著者

廣瀬 友介 中本 敬子 蛭田 政弘

出版者

文教大学

雑誌

文教大学教育学部紀要 = Annual Report of the Faculty of Education Bunkyo University (ISSN:03882144)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, pp.45-56, 2013-03-01

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大学生を対象とした質問紙調査により、数学の学習における学習観、公式観、ならびに学習方略の関係を検討した。その結果、数学の学習観については、意味理解志向と、学習量志向の2因子が得られた。また、公式観については、公式への困惑、暗記偏重、導き方の意義重視の3因子が得られた。学習方略については、要点理解方略と反復演習方略の2因子が得られた。これらの因子間の関係について、構造方程式モデリングによる検討を行った。その結果、意味理解志向の学習観は、公式の導き方を重視する公式観を通して、要点理解方略、反復演習方略の双方に正の影響を持つこと、学習量志向の学習観は、暗記偏重の公式観を通して公式への困惑に結びつくこと、また暗記偏重の公式観は反復演習方略の使用にのみ正の影響を持つことが示された。また、公式への困惑は2つの学習方略の両方に負の影響を持っていた。以上から、数学学習への学習観の影響について考察を行った。

著者

吉井 博明 田中 淳

出版者

文教大学

雑誌

情報研究 (ISSN:03893367)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, pp.139-151, 1999

被引用文献数

1

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Since Great Hansin-Awaji Earthquake short term prediction is perceived to be difficult at almost area in Japan. Instead of it long term probabilisic forecast is expected to be realized, and central government issued trial estimate of long term probabilisitic forecast of several large earthquakes as a first step. This long term forecast is expressed by a probability of occurring an earthquake within 30 years. According to the report issued by Headquaters for Earthquake Research Promotion in Prime Minister's Office in May, 1998 the probability of Earthquake at Kannawa-Kouzu-Matsuda Fault in Odawara city was 3.5%. In this paper the result of survey on responses of residents in Odawara city to this probabilistic long term forecast are shown. It is revealed that residents responded very wisely to the forecast. They don't neglect the long term forecast with very small probability of occurrence and they are willing to make it a good chance to promote earthquake preparedness. この30年間にわたる地震予知研究は、当初の期待に反して、場所、規模、時間を特定した短期的地震予知の困難さを明らかにした。一方、1995年に発生した阪神・淡路大震災は、普段、頻繁には地震が起きない地域でも大きな地震が発生し、大被害をもたらすことを改めて明らかにし、地域社会が予め地震に対する準備をしておくことの重要性を再確認させた。しかし、「地域社会が予め準備をするためには、何らかの手がかりが必要である。そこで、阪神・淡路大震災後、政府の地震調査委員会は、その手がかりとして、確率表現を用いた長期的予知(地震発生の長期確率評価)情報を提供する提案を行い、その試算結果1)を公表した。研究者の中には、活断層調査結果の社会還元としては、これが精一杯の情報ではないかと考える人もいる。 このような地震の長期確率評価情報は、①国や都道府県・市町村の防災対策の一般的支援(優先順位づけ、対策を具体的に考える手がかり)、②防災まちづくり(進行スケジュール等)への活用、③建物や土木構造物の耐震基準への反映(地域による上乗せ基準の設定)、④保険の掛け金算定基準、⑤立地コントロール(原発、危険物施設、一般住宅、その他の施設の立地規制)等に活用されることが期待される。しかし、現実に長期確率評価情報を利用するとなると、多くの困難があることも事実である。たとえば、地震という破壊現象には、大きな時間的ばらつきがあることから一定期間内の発生確率はかなり低くなり、その結果、切迫感がなくなり、むしろ安心情報と理解され、防災対策促進にはかえって逆風になるのではないかとか、この評価の信頼性が乏しく、しかも発生可能性がある、すべての地震を網羅した情報ではないために、コストが大きな対策の根拠としては不充分ではないかといった問題点も指摘されている。 この長期確率評価情報の有効性は、地域社会が、この情報をどう受け止め、地震防災対策の促進にどの程度結びつけられるかにかかっているのである。そこで、本調査研究では、長期確率評価情報の試算例のひとつとされた神縄・国府津一松田断層を抱える小田原市民を対象に、この長期確率評価情報をどのように受けとめているかを実証的に明らかにする。 なお、この調査研究は、文教大学情報学部共同研究費及び同教育研究特別予算の配分を受けて実施されたものである。

著者

坪田 典子

出版者

文教大学

雑誌

文教大学国際学部紀要 = Journal of the Faculty of International Studies Bunkyo University (ISSN:09173072)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, no.1, pp.29-43, 2006-07-01

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It happened at Fushun, China. After 5 year-sentence to POW Camp at Siberia, northern part of the former Soviet Union, around 1000 Japanese soldiers were sent to Fushun, China as war criminals in 1950. At that time they all stubbornly refused to admit they committed war crimes and pleaded not guilty because they were under the control of the upper command and the rule of the Emperor system of Japan. However, during their stay at Fushun, they themselves made major changes personally. They recognized their war crimes and confessed their sins to Chinese war sufferers. They sincerely apologized to the Chinese for their aggression and all war crimes that they committed. They analyzed their war acts and why they became invaders and committed crimes. They began to live the rest of their lives with a burden of responsibility for their sins, working for peace, anti-war, making better relationships between China and Japan. Using the data from the former Japanese war criminals' stories, I have discussed why they changed thoroughly at Fushun, and analyzed it using the key conception of "judgment" that Hanna Arendt discussed as the key concept in her book of EICHMANN IN JERUSALEM.

著者

笠井 勝子

出版者

文教大学

雑誌

文学部紀要 (ISSN:09145729)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.1, pp.31-55, 2005-09-01

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1884年のFeeding the Mind は、比喩と話の運びに注目したいルイス・キャロルの読書論である。この講話がどこで書かれたかについて考察する。Duncan Black (1996年)とSelwyn Goodacre (1984年)はキャロルがオールフリタンを訪問する前と見なしているのだが、訪問中に書いたのであろうと推測する。 グッデーカー(1984年)に入っている写真版からキャロルの講話を訳出し、内容に関する詳しい注を付けた。また、キャロルの日記とグッデーカーの冊子に基づいてオールフリタン訪問に至る経緯、およびイーディス・デンマン、ウィリアム・ドゥレイパーのこと、彼らを訪ねた1884年の選挙制度改革にキャロルが深い関心を持っていたこと、などに基づいて、ルイス・キャロルとドゥレイパーとの間にはこれまで注目されていない好感・共感が存在したことを考察する。