著者

川俣 恵利

出版者

THE JAPANESE SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE

雑誌

園芸学会雑誌 (ISSN:00137626)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.1, pp.15-23, 1976 (Released:2007-07-05)

参考文献数

36

被引用文献数

1

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当場果樹園に栽植中のナシに光化学スモッグによる被害と思われる症状が見られたので, その被害症状について環境バクロ室で発生した被害を参考にして調べた.1. ナシの徒長枝上の生育旺盛な葉にクロロシス, 褐変およびネクロシス (壊死) の症状が認められた.2. 被害を受けた葉は全クロロフィル, クロロフィルbが著しく減少した. また, 軽症葉ではデンプンが蓄積し, 被害が進行するにつれデンプンは徐々に崩壊した.3. 軽症葉ではO3吸収量は著しく増加したが, CO2放出量はやや増加した程度で, RQは健全葉より低かつた. 重症葉でもO2吸収量は増加したが, CO2放出量が減少したため, RQは健全葉の1/2程度であつた.4. 被害葉の無機成分含量は全般的に減少しており, なかでもNおよびMgは軽症でも著しく減少していた. しかし, 重症になるとP, K, Mgはあまり変化がみられなかつたのに対し, NとCaは減少が続いた.5. 被害により著しく減少したRQと全クロロフィル, クロロフィルaおよびbとの間には極めて高い正の相関がみられた. またNと全クロロフィル, Caと全クロロフィル, NとRQ, CaとRQとの間にも0.1%レベルの正の高い相関が認められた.6. 被害症状はオゾンないしPANによるものと類似しているように思われたが, 東京の光化学スモッグは亜硫酸ガスおよび粉じんが多く含まれ, 一酸化炭素や窒素酸化物が低い傾向にあり, 光化学反応のメカニズムが解明されていない現状では, 原因物質について明らかな確証を得るまでには至らなかつた.

著者

松本 美枝子

出版者

THE JAPANESE SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE

雑誌

園芸学会雑誌 (ISSN:00137626)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.57, no.2, pp.206-214, 1988 (Released:2007-07-05)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

2

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富山県等においてハクサイの主脈や葉脈に多数のゴマ状の黒色斑点の発生が認められた. この症状はゴマ症と呼ばれ, 発生の激しい場合は市場価格が著しく低下する. しかしゴマ症発生とその防止に関する報告は少ない.本報告ではまずハクサイ生育中のゴマ症発生の特徴を調査し, さらに発生部位とその周辺を形態学及び組織化学的に観察した.1. ‘ひばり’や‘耐病60日’に認められるゴマ症の発生は, その現象から2タイプに分けられた. タイプ1は未成葉で発生し, 初期生育が異常促進されることと密接な関係があった. タイプ2は成葉で発生し, 結球重に対する外葉重の割合の低下が関係していた.2. 形態学的には, 斑点発生に先だち, まず細胞内顆粒の肥大が認められ, その後細胞壁が褐変した. この細胞壁の褐変は, 細胞内顆粒や核の肥大と共にさらに拡大し, 周辺には原形質分離細胞が認められた.3. 組織化学的には, 斑点発生部位にクロロゲン酸の存在とポリフェノールオキシダーゼの活性が認められ,その周辺にポリフェノールの存在とパーオキシダーゼの反応が認められた.4. 褐変細胞の顆粒周辺に亜硝酸の分布が認められ, 細胞内顆粒の肥大が認められる部分と一致した.

著者

髙橋 賢人 相原 悟 元木 悟

出版者

THE JAPANESE SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE

雑誌

園芸学研究 (ISSN:13472658)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, no.3, pp.295-303, 2019 (Released:2019-09-30)

参考文献数

33

被引用文献数

4 2

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鮮度保持に関する研究は多くの野菜で行われており,果梗やへたなどが付いている野菜は,それらを介して蒸散が行われ,レモンやナス,食用ホオズキなどでは,へたや萼の有無が鮮度保持に影響を及ぼすことが報告されている.しかし,ミニトマトでは,へたの有無が収穫後の貯蔵性などに及ぼす影響について検討した報告は見当たらない.本研究では,果形の異なる4品種のミニトマトを用い,へたの有無が貯蔵性に及ぼす影響を検討した.その結果,25°C貯蔵において,重量減少率および呼吸量は,いずれの品種においても,へたなしがへたありと同等か低く,水分含有率およびアスコルビン酸含量は,いずれの品種においても,へたなしがへたありと同等か高かった.さらに,カビは,いずれの品種においても,へたなしでは発生せず,へたありでは発生した.なお,カビ発生率は,丸・偏円形の ‘千果’ および ‘ミニキャロル’ が洋ナシ形の ‘アイコ’ および ‘ロッソナポリタン’ に比べて有意に低かった.以上から,ミニトマトの25°C貯蔵において,へたなしがへたありに比べて貯蔵性に優れることが示唆された.

著者

Kyoko Yamane Yasuaki Sugiyama Yuan-Xue Lu Na Lű Kenichi Tanno Eri Kimura Hirofumi Yamaguchi

出版者

The Japanese Society for Horticultural Science

雑誌

The Horticulture Journal (ISSN:21890102)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.MI-065, (Released:2015-07-30)

被引用文献数

4 11

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This paper reports the level of genetic differentiation between two Japanese and one Chinese species of Eutrema: E. japonicum, “wasabi”; its wild relative in Japan, E. tenue; and their wild relative in China, E. yunnanense. Phylogenetic analyses were based on the DNA sequence of the chloroplast trnK/matK region of 16 Brassicaceae and an outgroup species. Neighbor joining (NJ) and maximum parsimony (MP) trees were constructed, revealing that the three Eutrema species form a single clade clearly separated from other Brassicaceae species. The two Japanese Eutrema species are highly differentiated from Chinese E. yunnanense, and it is estimated that they diverged from E. yunnanense approximately 5 million years ago. An ethnobotanical survey was conducted among ethnic Chinese in Yunnan Province, and the results indicate that E. yunnanense is not perceived as “hot” in taste, while a pungent flavor is associated with wasabi; in addition, no evidence was found for the domestication of E. yunnanense. On the basis of the present molecular phylogenetic study and the ethnobotanical survey, we conclude that wasabi acquired its specific pungent flavor during its long botanical history in Japan, and that its subsequent domestication in Japan was because of this acquired pungent flavor. The culinary habit of using wasabi with raw fish has since become an important feature of Japanese cuisine and culture.

著者

大久保 直美 辻 俊明

出版者

THE JAPANESE SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE

雑誌

Journal of the Japanese Society for Horticultural Science (ISSN:18823351)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.82, no.4, pp.344-353, 2013 (Released:2013-11-16)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

12 34

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チューリップの花の香りの質は,カンキツ様の香り,ハチミツ様の香り,青臭い香りなど,バラエティに富んでいる.そこで,チューリップの香りの質の多様性を化学的に明らかにするために,香りに特徴のある 51 品種のチューリップの香りを採取し,GC-MS を用いて解析した.チューリップの主要香気成分は,5 つのモノテルペノイド(ユーカリプトール,リナロール,d-リモネン,トランス-β-オシメン,α-ピネン),4 つのセスキテルペン(カリオフィレン,α-ファルネセン,ゲラニルアセトン,β-イオノン),6 つの芳香族化合物(アセトフェノン,ベンズアルデヒド,ベンジルアルコール,3,5-ジメトキシトルエン,サリチル酸メチル,2-フェニルエタノール),5 つの脂肪酸誘導体(デカナール,2-ヘキサナール,シス-3-ヘキサノール,シス-3-酢酸ヘキセニル,オクタナール)であった.主要香気成分の割合と生花の官能評価から,チューリップの香りは,アニス,シトラス,フルーティ,グリーン,ハーバル,ハーバル・ハニー,ロージィ,スパイシー,ウッディの 9 種類に分類された.

著者

小玉 雅晴 田邊 雄太 中山 真義

出版者

The Japanese Society for Horticultural Science

雑誌

The Horticulture Journal (ISSN:21890102)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.85, no.4, pp.372-379, 2016 (Released:2016-10-27)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

6 13

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アジサイの多くの品種は土壌条件によって花色が変化する.このアジサイの花色変化は,土壌からのアルミニウム吸収と発色器官であるがく片の液胞へのその蓄積量の違いによって生じる現象であると考えられている.本研究では,花色を安定に発色する技術を発展させるために,花色発現の安定性および可変性をもたらす要素を明らかにすることを試みた.今回は,酸性土壌およびアルカリ性土壌の異なる土壌条件下において,赤色あるいは青色を安定的に発色する品種,および土壌条件によって色が赤色と紫色に変化する品種を 10 品種用いて,がく片の pH,アントシアニン,アルミニウム,5-O-caffeoylquinic acid,3-O-caffeoylquinic acid について,土壌条件と花色の安定性および花の色彩の関係を解析した.花色安定品種の変化は可変品種の変化よりも小さかったものの,いずれの品種もアルカリ性土壌で栽培した場合に比べて,酸性土壌で栽培した場合に青色の色調が強くなった.花色安定品種と可変品種では,同じ要素の変化が土壌条件に対応して生じることで,花色の変化が発現すると考えられる.2 種類の土壌条件で比較した場合,可変品種の一つである‘HH2’の delphinidin 3-glucoside および赤色安定品種の一つである‘HH19’の 3-O-caffeoylquinic acid 以外,アルミニウムイオンの量を含むいずれの要素についても統計的に有意な差が認められた要素はなかった.アルミニウムイオンの着色細胞の液胞への局在性が変化した可能性が残っているものの,我々はリン酸などのアルミニウムイオンとキレートする化合物量の土壌条件に対応した変化が,発色に影響を与えている可能性を考えている.花色に基づいて比較した場合,青色安定品種においてアルミニウムイオンと 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid の含有量が,他の品種に比べて高い傾向が認められたものの,統計的に有意な違いは認められなかった.一方で,過去の報告と同様に,3-O-caffeoylquinic acid の含有量が低いことが,アジサイにおける青色発色の必要条件になっている可能性が示された.

著者

Hiroshi Matsuda Hiroo Takaragawa

出版者

The Japanese Society for Horticultural Science

雑誌

The Horticulture Journal (ISSN:21890102)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.QH-060, (Released:2023-06-17)

被引用文献数

3

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Passion fruit (Passiflora spp.) vines, mostly indigenous to tropical highlands, although some species can be cultivated in tropical lowlands, are susceptible to high temperatures. To increase the resilience of passion fruit to the warming climate, there is an urgent need to evaluate existing genetic resources for traits suited to high temperatures and to efficiently select the superior genotypes. We investigated the genotypic variation in leaf photosynthetic reduction at high temperatures (> 30°C) as a base target trait for warming climates. Leaf photosynthesis and dark respiration were measured at 30–45°C leaf temperatures for 13 genotypes from various Passiflora spp. using a portable gas exchange system. Temperature-net and -gross photosynthetic rate curves were plotted, and the relationships between the photosynthetic rate and the transpiration rate and stomatal conductance were analyzed. The net photosynthetic rate decreased with reduced stomatal conductance and transpiration rate as the leaf temperature increased from 30°C to 40°C. Up to 45°C, the net photosynthetic rate continued decreasing with increasing dark respiration rate, whereas the gross photosynthetic rate tended to stop decreasing as the stomatal conductance and transpiration rate stopped decreasing. The respiration load of photosynthesis varied among genotypes: Alata seedling #1 (P. alata) and ‘MaQuatro’ (P. edulis f. flavicarpa) showed the lowest load, together with the smallest reduction in photosynthetic rate at high temperatures, while the Iriomote strain (P. laurifolia) showed the largest load despite the smallest reduction in photosynthetic rate. Although the trend in the physiological response to high temperatures was similar among genotypes, the rate of leaf photosynthetic reduction at high temperatures varied among passion fruit genotypes both inter- and intra-specifically. Reduction of the photosynthetic rate at high temperatures was significantly correlated with stomatal activity under non-stress conditions at 30°C leaf temperature. Stomatal length was closely correlated with photosynthetic and transpiration rates at higher leaf temperatures in the P. edulis group, whereas no correlation was detected when including the lowland relatives. We concluded that genotypes showing higher stomatal conductance and transpiration rates at 30°C leaf temperature maintained a higher leaf photosynthetic rate at temperatures > 40°C, providing potential indicators for screening.

著者

Yuya Mochizuki Ryuta Ninohei Manato Ohishi Yukio Yonezu Tsuyoshi Okayama Eiichi Inoue

出版者

The Japanese Society for Horticultural Science

雑誌

The Horticulture Journal (ISSN:21890102)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.QH-095, (Released:2023-10-18)

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Strawberries can be categorized into June-bearing and ever-bearing depending on the environmental conditions that determine flower bud initiation. In Japan, the harvest yield and distribution of strawberry fruits during summer and autumn are low because of high temperatures and heavy fruit load. Therefore, cultivation of ever-bearing strawberries is limited to areas with cool summers such as Hokkaido and Tohoku. In this study, we investigated whether air treatment before liquefied carbon dioxide (CO2) application within the strawberry plant canopy could improve CO2 absorption efficiency and increase dry matter production. Four treatments were investigated: application of air within the plant canopy, application of CO2, application of CO2 after air application, and a control. We investigated the CO2 concentration, dry matter production, yield characteristics, individual leaf photosynthesis characteristics, projected leaf area, cumulative light interception, light use efficiency, and fruit quality. The results showed that the local application of only CO2 or Air and, application of CO2 after air application (Air/CO2) treatment within the plant canopy considerably increased the dry matter production. Total fruit yield of Air/CO2 was the highest among all treatments. This is probably because the application of CO2 and air expanded the leaf area, increased cumulative light interception, and improved light use efficiency. In addition, the photosynthetic rate of Air, CO2 and Air/CO2 treatments was higher than that of the control because of higher stomatal conductance. This suggests that local application of liquefied CO2 after air application can effectively increase fruit yield, and that air treatment will improve plant vigor, further increasing strawberry production in summer and autumn.

著者

Samak Kaewsuksaeng Masahiro Nomura Masayoshi Shigyo Naoki Yamauchi

出版者

The Japanese Society for Horticultural Science

雑誌

The Horticulture Journal (ISSN:21890102)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.88, no.4, pp.541-547, 2019 (Released:2019-10-26)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

2 3

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Hot water treatment (HWT) was applied to a new Thai lime cultivar fruit, ‘Pichit 1’ (Citrus aurantifolia Swingle) to investigate its effect on chlorophyll (Chl) degradation and postharvest quality during storage. Fruit were treated with HWT with temperatures of 45, 48 or 50°C for 3, 5, and 10 min and then kept in the dark at 25°C and 90 ± 5% RH. Lime peels retained a greener color after HWT at 48°C for 5 min compared to the fruit given any other treatment. HWT at 48°C for 5 min efficiently delayed the decrease in the hue angle value acquired during storage. Chlorophyllide a, pheophorbide a, pyropheophorbide a, 132-hydroxychlorophyll a, pheophytin a, and an unknown catabolite, which may be a chlorophyllide a derivative, were detected as Chl derivatives in the fresh limes. The levels of chlorophyllide a, pheophytin a, and 132-hydroxychlorophyll a gradually decreased during the progression of peel degreening. Those derivative levels were higher in the fruit treated with HWT than the control. Moreover, the organic acid content was maintained at higher levels in the fruit treated with HWT than the control during storage at 25°C. During storage, the sugar content was seen to decrease with or without HWT; however, sugar reduction in the control was more rapid. It appeared that HWT reduced the degradation of Chl by controlling its catabolites. Therefore, HWT affected the fruit quality of green ‘Pichit 1’ limes in storage.

著者

細見 彰洋 三輪 由佳 真野 隆司

出版者

THE JAPANESE SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE

雑誌

Journal of the Japanese Society for Horticultural Science (ISSN:18823351)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.82, no.3, pp.215-221, 2013 (Released:2013-10-12)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

4 8

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果実品質向上,凍害や獣害防止など,複合的な機能を期待して考案したイチジクの主枝高設樹形で,地上 180 cm の主枝から結果枝を垂下させる新樹形を考案し,栽植密度を変えた異なる樹勢条件で,‘桝井ドーフィン’樹の生育と果実生産への影響を調査した.新樹形樹では,従来の一文字整枝樹(対照樹)に比べて展葉日が 2~3 日早くなった.また,新樹形樹では新梢先端部の肥大生長(先口径,比葉重)が抑制されたが,新梢の伸長生長は対照樹と差がなかった.結果枝上の副梢や結果枝以外の新梢は,栽植密度が高まるほど多発し,特に前者は,従来樹形樹に比べ新樹形樹で秋季に多発した.強勢な新梢の基部に発生し易い不着果は,新樹形樹の方が抑制された.果実の着色は,新梢の先端付近では新樹形樹の方が抑制されたが,基部付近では向上した.また,果実肥大は,全般に新樹形樹の方が抑制される傾向にあった.果実着色や果実肥大におけるこれらの特徴には,新梢の垂下による採光条件の変化が作用している可能性が考えられた.以上,考案した新樹形については,えき芽の多発や果実の肥大不足を避けるための,より適切な新梢誘引法の検討が必要なものの,新梢下位節の果実の着生や着色を促進する利点が明らかとなった.

著者

Md. Habibur Rahman Md. Hassanur Rahman Bidhan Chandra Halder Maruf Ahmed Nusrat Jahan Nishi

出版者

The Japanese Society for Horticultural Science

雑誌

The Horticulture Journal (ISSN:21890102)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.QH-061, (Released:2023-05-12)

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Postharvest loss of mango often occurs due to the short harvesting period. An experiment was conducted to determine the impact of paclobutrazol (PBZ) and flower bud pruning (FBP) on regulating flowering, fruiting time and fruit quality of ‘Amrapali’ mango. Different doses of PBZ at 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 g per meter canopy diameter and water application along with FBP or without FBP were used, as well as water application without FBP (control). The application of PBZ caused earlier flowering by 22 days and harvesting was also done earlier by 18 days compared to the control. Plants subjected to FBP with PBZ reflowered 36 days later and harvesting was delayed by 16 days compared to the control. Moreover, the combination of PBZ 1.5 g with FBP showed significantly higher flowering percentages, number of panicles, total flowers, total fruits and weight of fruit compared to the control. In addition, the application of PBZ 1.5 g with FBP increased the total soluble solids, reducing sugar, non-reducing sugar, total sugar and β-carotene, while it decreased the vitamin C content. The present findings imply that applying PBZ 1.5 g with FBP to mango can extend the flowering and fruiting time, while the fruit quality was also influenced positively.

著者

Chairat Techavuthiporn Amnat Jarerat Hataitip Nimitkeatkai

出版者

The Japanese Society for Horticultural Science

雑誌

The Horticulture Journal (ISSN:21890102)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.QH-058, (Released:2023-04-12)

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The effect of short-term anoxic treatment prior to storage at ambient and cool temperatures on pericarp browning, fruit quality, secondary metabolites, antioxidant activity, and the browning enzyme of litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) cv. Hong Huey were investigated. Litchi fruit were exposed to anoxic conditions for 6, 12, 18 and 24 h before storage at 28 ± 2°C for 5 days, or at 7 ± 2°C for 14 days. Anoxic treatment resulted in significantly decreases in electrical conductivity, weight loss, browning index, while maintaining the total soluble solids (TSS) and delaying increases in polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and peroxidase (POD) activities compared with control fruit. Furthermore, anoxic treatment increased litchi pericarp methanol extract antioxidant capacity, as measured by free-radical scavenging activity. This is associated with greater amounts of ascorbic acid, anthocyanins, and phenolic/flavonoid components as compared with control fruit. Additionally, anoxic treatment considerably delayed litchi fruit pericarp browning. This suggests that with adequate short-term anoxia duration, an enhanced non-enzymatic antioxidant process may directly or indirectly delay litchi pericarp browning. Thus, a short anoxic treatment enables harvested litchi quality to be sustained at ambient and cool temperatures. This non-chemical and inexpensive treatment deserves further development and application, especially in commercial distribution systems where cooling is insufficient.

著者

西山 一朗 福田 哲生 大田 忠親

出版者

THE JAPANESE SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE

雑誌

園芸学会雑誌 (ISSN:00137626)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.2, pp.157-162, 2004-03-15 (Released:2008-01-31)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

10 20

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Actinidin, a cysteine protease in kiwifruit, affects the taste, allergenic properties, and characteristics for processing the fruit. The actinidin concentration and the protease activity in the fruit juice of six Actinidia arguta and two A. rufa cultivars were determined by quantitative sodium dodecyl sulfate- polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and spectrophotometric assay, using L-pyroglutamyl-L-phenyl-alanyl-L-leucinep-nitroanilide as a substrate. In 'Shinzan', 'Hirano', 'Gassan', and 'Mitsuko', both actinidin concentration and protease activity in the juice were much higher than those of 'Hayward', the most common kiwifruit cultivar, whereas protease activities in 'Kosui', 'Awaji', and 'Nagano' were significantly lower. These results indicate that there are varietal differences in actinidin content in the fruit ofActinidia species.

著者

望月 龍也 石内 伝治 伊藤 喜三男

出版者

THE JAPANESE SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE

雑誌

園芸学会雑誌 (ISSN:00137626)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, no.5, pp.1000-1006, 1999-09-15 (Released:2008-01-31)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

1 1

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遺伝的に多様なトマト30品種・系統を供試し, 完熟果実におけるグルコースおよびフルクトース含量の作期および果房位による変動特性の差異を検討した.トマト品種・系統間における両成分含有量の相対的関係は, 栽培・環境条件の変動に対して比較的安定していた.また全体を通じてグルコース含量とフルクトース含量には高い正の相関がみられたが, 糖含量が高くなるほど全体に占めるフルクトース含量の比率は低くなる傾向がみられた.全品種・系統をこみにした作期・果房位ごとの平均値に対する, 対応する作期・果房位における糖含量の回帰分析から, 供試材料は, (1)作期・果房位ごとの糖含量が全供試材料の平均値とほぼ平等して変動する品種・系統, (2)作期・果房位間の変動が全供試材料の平均より大きい品種・系統, (3)作期・果房位間の変動が小さく安定した糖含量を示す品種・系統, (4)回帰直線への回帰が有意でなく糖含量変動が全供試材料の変動傾向と異なる変動を示す品種・系統が認められたが, 糖含量が高くかつ変動の小さい品種・系統は見出せなかった.

著者

中村 俊一郎

出版者

THE JAPANESE SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE

雑誌

園芸学会雑誌 (ISSN:00137626)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.4, pp.367-375, 1972 (Released:2007-07-05)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

5 6

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1970, 71年の2年にわたり, イチゴの10余品種を採種してその発芽性を調査した.1. どの品種も強い光感性を示し, 暗黒下の発芽は不良であつた. 発芽温度については変温が著しく促進効果を示した. 恒温では25°C付近が適温であつたが, 20°Cから30°Cにわたつて比較的幅広い適温帯があつた.2. 採種後約1年間では休眠性の変化はみられず, 各品種とも強い休眠性を維持した.3. 薬品処理では硝酸カリが最も効果を示し, エスレルおよびジベレリンも相当程度有効であつたが, チオ尿素はわずかな効果しか示さなかつた.4. 低温処理は短期間では効果がなく, 1か月以上の処理が有効で, 3か月間処理すると大きな発芽促進効果を示した.5. 濃硫酸処理を行なつて種皮を腐蝕すると発芽が相当に促進され, イチゴ種子の休眠には種皮が大きな役割をもつていると考えられる.6. 近赤外光は強い発芽抑制作用を示し, 変温を行なつても発芽率は0%であつた. ただし低温処理は近赤外光の抑制作用に相当程度うちかつことができた.7. 種子は乾燥または低温下で良好に貯蔵された.

著者

Takamitsu Waki Masaharu Kodama Midori Akutsu Kiyoshi Namai Masayuki Iigo Takeshi Kurokura Toshiya Yamamoto Kenji Nashima Masayoshi Nakayama Masafumi Yagi

出版者

The Japanese Society for Horticultural Science

雑誌

The Horticulture Journal (ISSN:21890102)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.OKD-096, (Released:2017-09-29)

被引用文献数

1 13

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Double flower and hortensia (mophead) hydrangea (Hydrangea macrophylla (Thunb.) Ser.) traits are recessively inherited. Cross breeding of these traits in hydrangea is difficult because it takes about two years from crossing to flowering. In this study, we aimed to obtain DNA linkage markers that would allow accelerated selection of these traits. We used next-generation sequencing to comprehensively collect DNA sequences from the ‘Kirakiraboshi’ with a double flower and lacecap inflorescence and the ‘Frau Yoshimi’ with a single flower and hortensia inflorescence, and designed simple sequence repeat (SSR) primer pairs for map construction. We screened 768 SSR primer pairs in 93 F2 progeny derived from ‘Kirakiraboshi’ and ‘Frau Yoshimi’. We identified 147 loci, which were expanded to 18 linkage groups with a total map length of 980 cM. Linkage analysis identified that both the double flower trait from ‘Kirakiraboshi’ (dKira) and the hortensia trait from ‘Frau Yoshimi’ (hFrau) were located on linkage group KF_4. Detailed linkage analysis using 351 F2 progeny revealed a 34.8 cM map length between the two loci and identified two tightly linked SSR markers, STAB045 for dKira and HS071 for hFrau. Genetic analysis suggested that double flower and hortensia traits are each controlled by a single recessive gene. Together, the linkage map, SSR markers, and genetic information obtained in this study will be useful for future hydrangea breeding.

著者

小泉 丈晴 山崎 博子 大和 陽一 濱野 惠 高橋 邦芳 三浦 周行

出版者

THE JAPANESE SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE

雑誌

園芸学研究 (ISSN:13472658)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, no.3, pp.205-208, 2002

被引用文献数

17

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アスパラガス促成栽培における若茎の生育に及ぼす品種,低温遭遇量,株養成年数および性別の影響を検討した.<br> 曲がり症は,低温遭遇にともない発生率が低下し,曲がり症を発生した若茎に立枯病の病徴である導管褐変がみられなかったことから,促成栽培における曲がり症は休眠覚醒が十分でないことにより発生すると推定された.2年生株の供試品種のいずれにおいても,販売可能若茎重および若茎収穫本数は低温遭遇量が多い区で増加した.'バイトル'および'ウェルカム'は,低温遭遇量が少なくても曲がり症発生率が低下し,販売可能若茎重および若茎収穫本数が増加し,'グリーンタワー'および'スーパーウェルカム'より休眠が浅いと考えられた.'グリーンタワー'の1年生株の雄株および雌株並びに2年生株の雄株では,曲がり症発生率および販売可能若茎重から判断すると,伏せ込み開始時期は2年生株を用いた従来の栽培よりも約2週間の前進が可能であることが示された.<br>

著者

Rie Kurata Yoshihiro Okada Takeo Sakaigaichi Yumi Kai Akira Kobayashi Keisuke Suematsu

出版者

The Japanese Society for Horticultural Science

雑誌

The Horticulture Journal (ISSN:21890102)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.QH-103, (Released:2023-12-28)

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We investigated the anthocyanin composition of the purple sweet potato cultivar ‘Churakanasa’. The color tone of the paste was compared by L*, a*, and b* values and ‘Churakanasa’ exhibited a lower b* value, which indicates a bluish tint, than ‘Churakoibeni’, a popular cultivar for paste processing in Okinawa. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of the pigment extract showed that the anthocyanin composition of ‘Churakanasa’ was quite different from that of ‘Ayamurasaki’ and ‘Churakoibeni’. The analysis of the aglycone composition revealed that the cyanidin content (%) of ‘Ayamurasaki’ and ‘Churakoibeni’ contained 19.2% and 22.6% of cyanidins and 80.8% and 77.4% of peonidins, respectively. These findings indicate that these cultivars belong to the peonidin type. In contrast, ‘Churakanasa’ contained 86.4% cyanidin, indicating it to be a cyanidin-type cultivar. The steamed sweet potato paste made from ‘Churakanasa’ (cyanidin type cultivar) exhibited a bluer color compared to the peonidin-type cultivars. This observation suggests a direct correlation between the higher cyanidin content and the blue color intensity of the paste. HPLC-MS analysis of the two major HPLC peaks (peak I and II) of ‘Churakanasa’ suggested that the substance in peak I was YGM-0c; cyanidin-3-p-hydroxybenzoyl sophoroside-5-glucoside by mass, whereas peak II was YGM-1a; cyanidin-3-caffeoyl-p-hydroxybenzoyl sophoroside-5-glucoside. ‘Churakanasa’ exhibits unique color and pigment characteristics as it is the only purple sweet potato cultivar that has YGM-0c and -1a as its primary pigments.

著者

Minori Hikawa-Endo Takao Ikeuchi Shuji Kozai Tomoya Nakamura Masanori Yamaji Ryosuke Yamanaka Hisashi Yoshikoshi Hiroki Kawashima

出版者

The Japanese Society for Horticultural Science

雑誌

The Horticulture Journal (ISSN:21890102)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.QH-106, (Released:2023-12-20)

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In general, either high or low branching may contribute to the yield potential of a cultivated crop. In this study, we evaluated the varietal differences in branching characteristics in asparagus crowns and examined the relationship between branching types and harvest characteristics among six varieties tested by careful observation. ‘UC 157’ developed numerous tillers and shoot apical meristems 6 months after sowing; thus, it was considered to be a high-branching type variety. In contrast, ‘All-male Gulliver’ and ‘Ryuryoku’ developed few tillers or shoot apical meristems and, were therefore considered to be low-branching type varieties. The final order of sympodial shoots and composition of sympodial shoots by order were similar between the varieties. ‘UC 157’ had fewer scale leaves attached to the underground shoots than other varieties, which may have been advantageous for developing underground shoots more rapidly. The total spear yield of ‘UC 157’ was high, but the marketable spear yield was similar to that of other varieties owing to the large number of thin spears. Although further studies are needed to determine whether high-branching or low-branching type asparagus varieties are more high-yielding, we determined that high-branching type varieties have lower labor productivity under unimproved growing conditions such as non-sparsely planted growing conditions.

著者

Nurainee Salaemae Nutthachai Pongprasert Surisa Phornvillay Samak Kaewsuksaeng Masayoshi Shigyo Shinichi Ito Naoki Yamauchi Varit Srilaong

出版者

The Japanese Society for Horticultural Science

雑誌

The Horticulture Journal (ISSN:21890102)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.QH-096, (Released:2023-11-28)

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Electrostatic atomized water particles (EAWPs) treatment was applied to investigate its effect on chlorophyll (Chl) degradation and ripening delay in ‘Namwa’ bananas. Banana fruits were pretreated with EAWPs generated from a device (Panasonic F-GMK01) for 0 (control), 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 3.0 h in a closed 50 L container, and then kept in perforated polypropylene plastic bags and stored at ambient temperature (25 ± 2°C) under dark conditions. The results showed that 1.0 h-EAWPs treatment best retained peel greenness with a significantly higher hue angle and lower L* value than other treatments on day 6. Also, the 1.0 h-EAWPs treatment maintained the total Chl content, firmness, total soluble solids (TSS), and delayed the ripening index (RI) of fruit accompanied by a delayed climacteric rise in ethylene and respiration rate compared to the control. It was found that the 1.0 h-EAWP treatment induced accumulations of nitric oxide (NO) in peel tissues and suppressed the activities of Chl-degrading enzymes (chlorophyllase, Mg-dechelatase, Chl-degrading peroxidase, and pheophytinase) in the peel. Furthermore, Chl derivatives levels (chlorophyllide a, pheophobide a, 132-hydroxychlorophyll a, and pheophytin a) were higher in fruits treated with EAWPs than the control fruits. The results suggest that EAWPs technology could be an alternative approach to delay Chl degradation and ripening in ‘Namwa’ bananas.