著者
伊東伸泰
出版者
一般社団法人情報処理学会
雑誌
情報処理学会研究報告自然言語処理(NL)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.1993, no.79, pp.37-44, 1993-09-16
被引用文献数
7

文字遷移確率モデルによる後処理は文節等が終了しなくとも処理が可能なため、辞書引き法と比較して実時間性の要求が大きいオンライン文字認識の後処理に適゛している。日本語では少数の表音文字(仮名)と数千個の表意文字(漢字)が併用される。このため日本語を遷移確率モデル(?gr)で記述しようとすると、漢字に対してはBigramですら相当量の記憶容量と学習用テキストを必要とし、かつ仮名に対しては(を大きくとらないと)十分な制約にならないというアンバランスが発生する。そこで文字遷移確率に品詞を属性として導入して、仮名に対してはより強い制約とすること、および漢字は品詞ごとのマクロ文字にグルーピング、縮退させることにより、このアンバランスを解消する手法を提案し、日本語のBigramを用いた効果的な文字認識後処理法を実現した。新聞約300万字を学習用テキストに用いた実験の結果、Perplexityが100以下になり、正解が候補内にある内の約半分が救済できることがわかった。This paper deals with a postprocessing method based on the n-gram approach for Japanese character recognition. In Japanese a small number of phonetic characters (Kana) and thousands of Kanji characters, which are ideographs, are used for describing ordinary sentences. In other words, Japanese sentences not only have a large character set, but also include characters with different entropies. It is therefore difficult to apply conventional methodologies based on n-grams to postprocessing in Japanese character recognition. In order to resolve the above two difficulties, we propose a method that uses parts of speech in the following ways. One is to reduce the number of Kanji characters by clustering them according to the parts of speech that each Kanji character is used in. Another is to increase the entropy of a Kana character by classifying it into more detailed subcategories with part-of-speech attributes. We applied a bigram approach based on these two techniques to a post-processing in online hand-written character recognition Our source text (learning data) included about 3 million characters from a Japanese national newspaper. Tests showed that our method reduced the perplexity of Japanese to less than 100 and resolved the imbalance between Kana and Kanji characters, and that it rectified about half of all substitution errors when the correct characters were among the candidates.
著者
原田 諭 宮本 伸一 三瓶 政一
出版者
一般社団法人電子情報通信学会
雑誌
電子情報通信学会技術研究報告. IN, 情報ネットワーク (ISSN:09135685)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.106, no.420, pp.7-12, 2006-12-07
被引用文献数
11

近年,カバレッジやノード配置の柔軟性の観点から,生起ノードから宛先ノードまでデータを伝送する際に他のノードを中継ノードとして利用するマルチホップ無線ネットワークが注目を集めている.マルチホップ無線ネットワークでは,ネットワークのトポロジーにより,ネットワークの一部に双方向のトラヒックが発生する.そして,双方向のトラヒックが発生した場所においては,特定のノードにトラヒックが集中し,そのノードがボトルネックとなってネットワーク全体としてみるとデータパケットの伝送が円滑に行なわれていない状況に陥る.そこで本稿では,ネットワークコーディングを適用することにより双方向のトラヒックを一括して伝送する手法を提案し,提案方式を用いた場合の伝送特性について検討を行なう.また,各リンクの利用可能な伝送速度が異なる場合においてはネットワークコーディングを適用した双方向トラヒックの一括伝送が必ずしもボトルネックの解消に対して有効な手法であるとは限らない.そこで,各リンクの利用可能な伝送速度が異なる場合においても効率的に双方向のトラヒックを中継可能とするアナログ変調信号多重化を提案し,BER(Bit Error Rate)特性からアナログ変調信号多重化の実現性について検討する.
著者
横山 裕 小野 英哲 稲垣 太郎 高橋 宏樹
出版者
日本建築学会
雑誌
日本建築学会構造系論文集 (ISSN:13404202)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.60, no.478, pp.35-44, 1995
被引用文献数
7 1

The change of evaluation of floor slipperiness resulted from the change of gait with aging was investigated in this paper. At first, we developped an outfitting equipment for the young to simulate geriatric gait. Secondly, the sensory test was carried out using young panels with and without the equipment. The psychological scale of evaluation relating to slipperiness of sample floors employed for the test was constructed. Then, C. S. R which was the physical value corresponding to slipperiness was measured using "O-Y Pull Slip Meter". Thirdly, based on the correlation between the psychological scale and C. S. R, the difference of the aged from the young in evaluating slipperiness was investigated.
著者
土屋 英亮
出版者
一般社団法人情報処理学会
雑誌
情報処理学会研究報告インターネットと運用技術(IOT) (ISSN:09196072)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.2005, no.83, pp.59-64, 2005-08-05

現在、インターネットに接続する組織は、ネットワークの利用ポリシーを定めそれに従った運用を行うことが期待されている。今まで比較的自由なネットワークアクセスを認めてきた大学等の高等教育機関においても、利用ポリシーを策定し、それに従って運用を行っているところが増えてきている。しかしながら、利用ポリシーに従わない通信やコンテンツを発見することは容易ではない。特に、著作権侵害を助長する可能性のあるP2Pファイル共有ソフトウェアの利用の検出は不可能ではないが非常に手間がかかる。本稿では、利用ポリシー違反の検出手法として、巨大掲示板システムに投稿される情報を用いることを提案する。「2ちゃんねる」と呼ばれるこの掲示板システムでは、法律や社会常識に反していると思われるネットワーク上での活動が報告されることが少なくない。これらを用いることで、自組織ネットワークからのポリシー侵害の検出が可能と考えられる。実際に2ちゃんねるのログの分析を行い、実現可能性を検証した。Recently, it is expected that all organizations which are connected to the Internet have their own acceptable use policy for networks. In the higher educational organizations, it has increased settling on and using the network policies. However, it is difficult to discover the violations of the policies. Especially, the discovering the activities of Peer-to-peer file sharing software is not impossible, but spent time and effort. In this paper, I propose that the big bulletin board system is used to detect the violations of the policies. In the bulletin board system called "2-channel," it is not a few that the malfeasance, or, abuses are indicated by users of 2-channel. I suppose that these information are useful that the detection of the violations of the policies. Results of the analyses of logs 2-channel are shown.
著者
杉山 あかし
出版者
九州大学
雑誌
比較社会文化 : 九州大学大学院比較社会文化研究科紀要 (ISSN:13411659)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.11, pp.1-13, 2005

This article examines the potential of the internet as a public sphere of communication. In the period after the 9.ll terrorist attack in the U. S., five hundred thousand messages were posted in "2-channel", Japan's biggest BBS site. This article examines these messages through a comparison with newspaper articles. The Habermasian concept of the `public sphere' has a twofold meaning, as both the so-called Public sphere in society and as an idealized communication space where rational communicative actions prevail. Accordingly, Habermasian discourse highlights the idea that in proper dialogue situations people can develop their critical ability to be more rational. This article takes this concept as a departure point to critically inquire into the quality of communication found in BBS systems. The initial research findings about the potential for rational communication through BBS are negative. (l) Words included in each posting are too few to discuss anything. The average length of a posting is one tenth of that of a newspaper article. (2) The monthly quantity of postings corresponds to that of newspaper articles, which may mean that there is no original development of discussion. Previously, the author did a case study about the Gulf War in 1991 using a similar methodology. This case study shows that computer mediated communication has the potential to act as an idealized communication space. The average number of words included in each posting was twice as many as that of newspaper articles and the monthly quantity of postings changed independently from that of newspaper articles. Furthermore, a content analysis has shown that there were original agendas deployed in BBS. When the HTML system was invented in 1991, popular computer mediated communication networks were not Internet based, but rather based on personal computer communication. Thus the BBS that was analysed in this article falls into the category of being part of the latter network. To conclude, the Haberrnasian concept can be adopted for an analysis of privileged media and personal computer communication, however for popularized media such as the Internet, the same cannot be said. Thus, in this context the following question arises. How can we expect rationality to progress in society? A theoretical consideration is included in last part of this article that addresses this important question.
著者
張 昌斌 〓 忠明
出版者
日本情報経営学会
雑誌
オフィス・オートメーション (ISSN:0389570X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.14, no.3, pp.288-290, 1993-10-25

インフォメーション・システムの中のデータ安全内緒性はインフォメーション・システムを設計す要るとゐる部分の一つであり、それはデータベンワ安全内緒テクニックに〓る。本文が提出したのはSQLを子語とした〓系データ・ベンワの多〓の多〓の安全内緒モデル(マルチカテゴリーマルチよベル セキュリティモデル)デある。此の安全内緒モデルによって、ユーザーと〓系ユンボーネントの安全属性及び安全内緒セレクションとセキュリティ・ジョイン(Seourity join)を定〓した。したがって、最大限に〓系データベンワごのデータを共に〓しむために基〓を定めた。
著者
Hisao Yamada
出版者
一般社団法人情報処理学会
雑誌
Journal of Information Processing (ISSN:18826652)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.2, no.4, pp.175-202, 1980-02-29
被引用文献数
2

The recent progress in electronics suggests that an efficient processing of Japanese text at a reasonable cost will be feasible in the near future. The only unsettled link in the processing step will be the input aspect. Manually operated keyboard will remain the only viable input method for the foreseeable future and various keyboards together with different methods of computer aids are currently investigated or put into practice although only a few of these are to survive the test of time just as what has happened in many other technical areas. The present note is a part of an attempt to shorten such time of trial by critically examining what has happened in the history of Western typewriters and by identifying the blind spots and pitfalls their contemporaries failed to recognize. It is our hope that such information at least will arm us with an ability to spot potential trouble areas which we should not overlook during our course of research and development. We attempted to point out the essential features needed for the typewriter's acceptance what people did not know about typing method consequently what misjudgements people made on keyboard designs and what they suffer from even today.The recent progress in electronics suggests that an efficient processing of Japanese text at a reasonable cost will be feasible in the near future. The only unsettled link in the processing step will be the input aspect. Manually operated keyboard will remain the only viable input method for the foreseeable future, and various keyboards together with different methods of computer aids are currently investigated or put into practice, although only a few of these are to survive the test of time just as what has happened in many other technical areas. The present note is a part of an attempt to shorten such time of trial, by critically examining what has happened in the history of Western typewriters, and by identifying the blind spots and pitfalls their contemporaries failed to recognize. It is our hope that such information at least will arm us with an ability to spot potential trouble areas which we should not overlook during our course of research and development. We attempted to point out the essential features needed for the typewriter's acceptance, what people did not know about typing method, consequently, what misjudgements people made on keyboard designs, and what they suffer from even today.