著者
Zhongyu Ren Cong Huang Haruki Momma Yufei Cui Kaijun Niu Shota Sugiyama Masakazu Nanno Ryoichi Nagatomi
出版者
Japan Epidemiological Association
雑誌
Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.JE20170029, (Released:2018-04-21)
参考文献数
31
被引用文献数
5

Background: There is scarce epidemiological evidence regarding the relationships of the consumption of different types of vegetables or fruits with change in skeletal muscle strength. We prospectively examined the relationships among Japanese adults, using handgrip strength to assess skeletal muscle strength.Methods: A 3-year study was carried out with 259 Japanese adults who were 22–68 years of age. The frequency of consumption of different types of vegetables or fruits were obtained using a validated self-administered dietary history questionnaire. Handgrip strength was measured with a handheld digital Smedley dynamometer.Results: After adjustment for confounding factors, the mean change in handgrip strength in participants stratified according to the level of tomato and tomato product consumption at baseline were −3.2 (95% confidence interval [CI], −4.0 to −2.3) for <1 time/week, −2.7 (95% CI, −3.6 to −1.8) for 1 time/week, −1.6 (95% CI, −2.5 to −0.8) for 2–3 times/week, and −1.7 (95% CI, −2.8 to −0.7) for ≥4 times/week, (P for trend = 0.022). However, the significant relationships of consumption of other types of vegetables and different types of fruits with change in handgrip strength were not observed.Conclusion: Higher consumption of tomato and tomato product at baseline was significantly associated with reduced decline in handgrip strength among Japanese adults over a 3-year follow-up period. This study suggests that consumption of tomato and tomato product could be protective against the decline in skeletal muscle strength associated with aging.
著者
堀越 宏一
出版者
東洋大学
雑誌
基盤研究(C)
巻号頁・発行日
2008

10世紀末から北フランスで建設が始まった初期の石造城砦を調査・研究の対象として、その生成の過程と、城が有していた社会機能を多角的に明らかにした。そこでは、古代ローマの建築様式の影響を受けて建てられた最初期の方形の天守塔が、城砦としての防衛機能を追求した結果、13世紀初頭までに、円筒形天守塔(「フィリップ式天守塔」)となり中世的頂点を迎えた。しかし、城の完成とその結果としての統治の安定の結果、円筒形天守塔に欠けていた居住性を求めて、統治のための公的空間である大広間と城主の居住空間は、城壁に内接する方形の館に移ることとなった。天守塔には、政治的象徴性だけが遺されることとなる。中世の城は、個々の城の軍事的機能と政治ないし統治機能の必要性に応じて、多様な形状を取ることになるのである。
著者
小谷 瑛輔
出版者
富山文学の会
雑誌
群峰
巻号頁・発行日
vol.3, pp.37-45, 2017-03-04
著者
神尾 道也
出版者
日本比較生理生化学会
雑誌
比較生理生化学 (ISSN:09163786)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.29, no.1, pp.11-17, 2012 (Released:2012-02-17)
参考文献数
44

殻を持たない軟体動物であるアメフラシの仲間は,体が軟らかくて傷つきやすい上に,動きが緩慢であることから,皮膚または皮膚からの分泌物に含まれた物質による化学防御により捕食者から身を守っていると考えられる。さらに,アメフラシは化学防御物質を多く含む紅藻類や藍藻類を好んで食べるので,これらの植物の持つ物質を自分の化学防御の原料として用いるのだろうと考えられてきた。しかしながら,この「皮膚に含まれる海藻由来の2次代謝物による防御」仮説を満足に支持するような実験結果は得られておらず,研究者間で意見が分かれている。また,アメフラシは攻撃を受けた時に紫色の液体を放出することから,この液体による煙幕で捕食者の視界を撹乱して逃げる,または,この液体に含まれる化合物で捕食者の味覚や嗅覚などの化学感覚に働きかけて攻撃をやめさせる,と考えられてきたが,この「紫色の液体放出による防御」説に関してもまた,はっきりと支持するような実験結果が得られてこなかった。それが,近年になって紫色の液体を構成する紫色のインクと白色のオパリンという二つの分泌物に含まれる化学防御物質群の解析が進み,その役割と仕組みが徐々に明らかにされてきた。これらの化合物は捕食者の化学感覚に働きかけて防御物質として働くだけでなく,同種個体に対しては警報物質として働く。本稿では最近明らかにされてきたアメフラシの多重の化学防御機構,皮膚に含まれる2次代謝物とインクとオパリンの成分として放出される化合物群の正体とその役割について概説する。
著者
The Examination Committee of Criteria for `Obesity Disease' in Japan Japan Society for the Study of Obesity
出版者
The Japanese Circulation Society
雑誌
Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.66, no.11, pp.987-992, 2002 (Released:2002-10-25)
参考文献数
41
被引用文献数
655 1356

The present study was designed to establish adequate criteria for categorizing `obesity disease' in Japan in relation to obesity-related complications. The subjects were 1,193 Japanese subjects (775 men, 418 women; age: 20-84 years old, body mass index (BMI): 14.9-56.4 kg/m2) including subjects undergoing a health examination and obese subjects visiting an obesity clinic. Visceral fat area (VFA) and subcutaneous fat area (SFA) were determined by computed tomography (CT) at the umbilical level. Anthropometric parameters, including BMI, waist circumference (W), waist/hip circumference (W/H), ratio and waist circumference/body height (W/BH) ratio, were measured. Hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and hypertension were evaluated as obesity-related complications. The relationship between each parameter and the prevalence of the complications was investigated. The number of complications increased in accordance with BMI and the average value was greater than 1.0 at a BMI of 25. The best combination of the sensitivity and specificity for detecting subjects with multiple risk factors was a BMI of 25. BMI showed a close positive correlation with SFA (r=0.82), even for BMI ≥25 (r=0.77), but had a weaker correlation with VFA (r=0.54). The obese subjects with a BMI ≥25 had no correlation between BMI and VFA because of the wide individual variation of VFA. The number of disorders was greater than 1.0 at 100 cm2 of VFA and the best combination of the sensitivity and specificity for determining subjects with multiple risk factors was 100 cm2 of VFA. Between the simple anthropometric values and measurement of VFA, it was proven that W had the closest relationship with VFA in both men (r=0.68) and women (r=0.65). The regression line obtained from simple correlation analyses indicated that the W corresponding to 100 cm2 of VFA was 84.4 cm in men and 92.5 cm in women. These data suggest that obesity is adequately specified as a BMI ≥25 in Japan where the prevalence and degree of obesity remains mild. It is reasonable to establish the cut-off point of VFA at 100 cm2 as indicative of the risk of obesity-related disorders and a waist circumference of 85 cm in men and 90 cm in women approximates to this visceral fat mass. (Circ J 2002; 66: 987 - 992)
著者
高原 光恵 津田 芳見
出版者
鳴門教育大学
雑誌
鳴門教育大学研究紀要 (ISSN:18807194)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.27, pp.94-99, 2012

We examined the familiarity degree of the terms that concern the developmental disability in general public and also surveyed their source of information. The participants were 50 commoners, 4 females and 46 males. Many of them were age of 30s. In the questionnaire, there were 20 items including "developmental disability", "autism", "learning disability", "coordinator of special needs education" and so on. We requested participants to evaluate which level a familiarity degree in each word was. Excluding the two subjects' data because there were blanks, we analyzed 48 people's data. In the results, it was shown that most items concerning developmental disability were unfamiliar to general public. This result is different from other research conducted in teachers or welfare workers. It must be examined in other age groups to check whether this tendency is common. We concluded that it is necessary to improve the way of enlightenment for understanding developmental disability, not only for specialists but also for general public.
著者
土井 樹 池上 高志
出版者
人工知能学会
雑誌
人工知能学会全国大会論文集 (ISSN:13479881)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.31, 2017

社会性集団とこれを構成する個体或いは局所個体集団の間に生じる現象に関する研究は古くから存在するが,個体の個性を考慮した上での両者の関係性は明らかにされてこなかった.本発表では集団のダイナミクスにとって個体の個性というものが系に対してどの様に振る舞うのか社会性昆虫のひとつであるセイヨウミツバチを通して解析を行った。

9 0 0 0 OA 実用裁縫書

著者
伊藤うた 著
出版者
金港堂書籍
巻号頁・発行日
vol.終巻, 1923
著者
榊 和良
出版者
日本南アジア学会
雑誌
南アジア研究 (ISSN:09155643)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.2010, no.22, pp.277-284, 2010-12-15 (Released:2011-09-06)
参考文献数
19
著者
Ryutaro Matsugaki Toru Akebi Hideo Shitama Futoshi Wada Satoru Saeki
出版者
The Society of Physical Therapy Science
雑誌
Journal of Physical Therapy Science (ISSN:09155287)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.30, no.2, pp.262-265, 2018 (Released:2018-02-22)
参考文献数
18
被引用文献数
6

[Purpose] To verify the immediate effects of exercise therapy on cancer-related fatigue (CRF) in cancer patients. [Subjects and Methods] Eighteen cancer patients who performed exercise therapy targeting a rating of 4 (somewhat strong) on the Borg category-ratio scale (CR-10) were enrolled. CRF was evaluated using the Cancer Fatigue Scale (CFS). CFS was evaluated in clinical practice immediately before and after exercise therapy on the 1st or 2nd day of physiotherapy for CRF management. CFS scores before and after exercise were compared to determine how CRF changed due to exercise therapy. [Results] CFS physical, CFS affective, CFS cognitive, and CFS total all decreased following exercise therapy, and the changes in CFS physical and CFS total were statistically significant. The effect sizes for CFS physical and CFS total were “medium”, and for CFS affective and CFS cognitive “small.” [Conclusion] These findings suggest that exercise therapy targeting a rating of 4 (somewhat strong) on the CR-10 can immediately reduce CRF in cancer patients.
著者
筑波大学附属図書館
巻号頁・発行日
2004

会期 平成16年10月25日(月)~11月5日(金)会場 筑波大学附属図書館(中央図書館 貴重書展示室)
著者
内山 正史
出版者
Japan Health Physics Society
雑誌
保健物理 (ISSN:03676110)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.31, no.2, pp.143-150, 1996 (Released:2010-02-25)
参考文献数
10