著者
高橋 和雄 藤井 真
出版者
Japan Society of Civil Engineers
雑誌
土木学会論文集 (ISSN:02897806)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.1997, no.567, pp.33-52, 1997-06-20 (Released:2010-08-24)
参考文献数
14

雲仙普賢岳の火山災害では, 当初198年前の寛政の噴火当時に生じた眉山の崩壊を警戒した避難計画が策定された. 今回の災害では土石流および火砕流が頻発したため, これらの発生に備えた避難対策や博報伝達体制が導入された. しかし, 火山噴火災害の事例が少ないこともあって, 避難対策および博報伝達体制に数多くの課題が生じた. 本報告では, 雲仙普賢岳の火山災害における情報伝達体制および住民の避難対策を詳細に調査した結果をまとめる.
著者
LARRY J. YOUNG QI ZHANG
出版者
THE JAPANESE SOCIETY FOR ANIMAL PSYCHOLOGY
雑誌
動物心理学研究 (ISSN:09168419)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.71.1.4, (Released:2021-05-17)
参考文献数
87
被引用文献数
9

Here we discuss the origins of diversity in social behavior by highlighting research using the socially monogamous prairie vole. Prairie voles display a rich social behavioral repertoire involving pair bonding and consoling behavior that are not observed in typical laboratory species. Oxytocin and vasopressin play critical roles in regulating pair bonding and consoling behavior. Oxytocin and vasopressin receptors show remarkable diversity in expression patterns both between and within species. Receptor expression patterns are associated with species differences in social behaviors. Variations in receptor genes have been linked to individual variation in expression patterns. We propose that "evolvability" in the oxytocin and vasopressin receptor genes allows for the repurposing of ancient maternal and territorial circuits to give rise to novel social behaviors such as pair bonding, consoling and selective aggression. We further propose that the evolvability of these receptor genes is due to their transcriptional sensitivity to genomic variation. This model provides a foundation for investigating the molecular mechanisms giving rise to the remarkable diversity in social behaviors found in vertebrates.
著者
Makoto Eriguchi Kotaro Iida Shuhei Ikeda Manabu Osoegawa Kenya Nishioka Nobutaka Hattori Hiroshi Nagayama Hideo Hara
出版者
The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine
雑誌
Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.2028-18, (Released:2019-02-25)
参考文献数
17
被引用文献数
29

We herein report the case of a 38-year-old man who developed parkinsonism 4 years after ingesting glyphosate. The patient presented with right-sided bradykinesia and cogwheel rigidity without autonomic symptoms. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and [123I]-metaiodobenzylguanidine myocardial scintigraphy were normal. A drastic response to levodopa and the presence of levodopa-induced dyskinesia without strong non-motor symptoms were seen in this patient. We considered that young-onset atypical parkinsonism was associated with a history of sublethal glyphosate ingestion. Epidemiologic investigations have shown that exposure to pesticides is a risk factor for Parkinson' s disease (PD). Our findings support the notion that glyphosate exposure might be related to the onset of PD.
著者
Shinji Naganawa Toshiaki Taoka
出版者
Japanese Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
雑誌
Magnetic Resonance in Medical Sciences (ISSN:13473182)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.rev.2020-0122, (Released:2020-11-27)
参考文献数
101
被引用文献数
39

The central nervous system (CNS) was previously thought to be the only organ system lacking lymphatic vessels to remove waste products from the interstitial space. Recently, based on the results from animal experiments, the glymphatic system was hypothesized. In this hypothesis, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) enters the periarterial spaces, enters the interstitial space of the brain parenchyma via aquaporin-4 (AQP4) channels in the astrocyte end feet, and then exits through the perivenous space, thereby clearing waste products. From the perivenous space, the interstitial fluid drains into the subarachnoid space and meningeal lymphatics of the parasagittal dura. It has been reported that the glymphatic system is particularly active during sleep. Impairment of glymphatic system function might be a cause of various neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, normal pressure hydrocephalus, glaucoma, and others. Meningeal lymphatics regulate immunity in the CNS. Many researchers have attempted to visualize the function and structure of the glymphatic system and meningeal lymphatics in vivo using MR imaging. In this review, we aim to summarize these in vivo MR imaging studies and discuss the significance, current limitations, and future directions. We also discuss the significance of the perivenous cyst formation along the superior sagittal sinus, which is recently discovered in the downstream of the glymphatic system.
著者
伊藤 元一 柚木 脩
出版者
中国・四国整形外科学会
雑誌
中国・四国整形外科学会雑誌 (ISSN:09152695)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.8, no.2, pp.325-329, 1996-09-25 (Released:2009-03-31)
参考文献数
3

It was difficult for a baseball player to recover completely from a frontal dislocated shoulder or subluxation even though an operation was performed because it limits the range of motion of the shoulder. However, recently many baseball players wish for complete recovery. Our team has been making efforts to meet their wishes. This is a report of some cases we have treated. We define a complete recovery as a state when a player can throw a ball fast enough to play on a team without experiencing pain.
著者
原田 伸一朗
出版者
日本社会情報学会
雑誌
日本社会情報学会全国大会研究発表論文集 日本社会情報学会 第26回全国大会
巻号頁・発行日
pp.71-76, 2011 (Released:2012-03-20)

This paper attempts to examine the morality of Self-regulation especially in the area of expression. In modern society, increasing amounts of self-regulations take over the role and the realm of legal regulations. Self-regulation might be considered as "Soft Law" because it virtually practices legal enforcements. However it would be doubted that such self-regulations are completely autonomic and spontaneous. It is the problem that this paper critically reviews.
著者
Shinichi Suzuki Shunichi Yamashita Toshihiko Fukushima Keiichi Nakano Sanae Midorikawa Akira Ohtsuru Seiji Yasumura Mitsunori Hosoya Kenji Kamiya Hiroki Shimura Satoru Suzuki Izumi Nakamura Masafumi Abe
出版者
(社)日本内分泌学会
雑誌
Endocrine Journal (ISSN:09188959)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.EJ15-0726, (Released:2016-02-27)
被引用文献数
3 37

After the Fukushima nuclear power plant accident on March 11, 2011, the public of Japan became particularly concerned about the possibility of an increased risk of childhood thyroid cancer, similar to what was observed after the Chernobyl’s accident. Due to serious public health perception, there was an urgency to evaluate the baseline levels of childhood thyroid status in Fukushima prefecture. Therefore we have commenced a thyroid ultrasound examination (TUE) survey of the approximately 360,000 pediatric inhabitants (0 to 18 years of age) who lived in Fukushima at the time of the accident in October 2011. The subjects were divided into three categories according to the standardized diagnostic criteria of ultrasound findings. Category A contained the subjects whose TUE findings were intact or benign. Category B were recommended a confirmatory TUE. Category C was recommended an immediate confirmatory TUE. Results: The survey of 40,302 subjects in the first year was completed in March, 2013. There were 40,097 (99.5%), 205 (0.50%) and 0 subjects in categories A, B and C, respectively. Of the 82 category B subjects who underwent FNAC, 12 were diagnosed with a malignant tumor or were suspected to have malignancy. The 12 subjects received thyroid surgery and 11 thyroid cancers and one benign nodule were confirmed histologically after surgery. This is the first large-scaled TUE survey to employ sophisticated ultrasound screening and aim to evaluate the baseline frequency of childhood thyroid nodules and cysts. The results will become the golden standard of future comparative TUE in Fukushima, Japan.
著者
江本 久雄 馬場 那仰 浅野 寛元 長瀬 大和
出版者
公益社団法人 土木学会
雑誌
AI・データサイエンス論文集 (ISSN:24359262)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.1, no.J1, pp.514-521, 2020-11-11 (Released:2020-11-18)
参考文献数
12

コンクリート構造物の点検等においてコンクリート内部の劣化の状態を調査する方法として,打音検査がよく用いられる.この手法は,熟練技術者にとっては非常に有効な手法であるが,若手技術者やロボットへの適用を検討するとその音データと劣化の程度の関係の複雑性により定量化・システム化が非常に困難である.このような問題では,明らかとなっていない要因が含まれていると考えられる.しかし,工学的な定量化・システム化に取り組み,実務での有効な技術の開発も重要である.そこで,近年このような課題に対して AI技術の活用が期待されている.ここでのAI技術は機械学習を意図し,その中でも特にニューラルネットワークを基礎とする深層学習を主な対象とする.本研究は,機械学習による識別の手法の有効性や自己符号化器の適用方法について検討をしたものである.
著者
高久 雅生
出版者
一般社団法人 情報科学技術協会
雑誌
情報の科学と技術 (ISSN:09133801)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.69, no.5, pp.182-188, 2019-05-01 (Released:2019-05-01)

本稿では,「情報検索」の定義を振り返りつつ,情報検索の伝統的なモデルから新たなモデルへの遷移,変容を解説する。また,ACM SIGIRの過去10年間の発表内容から情報検索研究領域における近年のトレンドとして,新興国の台頭,研究対象の多様化を取り上げる。最後に,注目される研究領域,トピックとして,ランキング学習,ニューラル検索,ユーザ実験,クエリ解析,セッションとタスク,探索型検索,法的文書検索,エンティティ検索,統合検索,情報検索の社会的インパクト,倫理的課題など,さまざまな情報検索のトピックと最新動向,諸課題を解説する。
著者
今井 信也 小川 俊夫 赤羽 学 今村 知明
出版者
一般社団法人 日本医療情報学会
雑誌
医療情報学 (ISSN:02898055)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.34, no.3, pp.141-149, 2014 (Released:2016-04-20)
参考文献数
12

磁気共鳴画像装置(MRI)は今日の画像診断において欠かすことのできない検査機器であるが,その採算性についてはMRIの性能や利用頻度,また周辺地域の導入状況に影響されると考えられる.そこで本稿では平成23年度に一般病院で稼働しているMRIの一台あたり年間収支差を年間費用と収入より試算し,MRI導入の採算性を性能別,病床規模別,都道府県別に分析を行った.MRIの年間収支差は,1.5テスラ以上では病床規模別,都道府県別においてばらつきはあるものの,ほぼすべて黒字であったが,1.5テスラ未満ではほぼすべて赤字であった.MRI導入による採算性の要因としては,病床規模での各種加算の取得割合の違いや,地域でのMRI一台あたりの人口および医師数が大きく関係していた.病院経営の視点から,高性能なMRIは病床規模や地域性に関わらず導入を検討できうる医療機器であると考えるが,採算面だけでなく臨床的な必要性や間接的な収支を考慮するべきである.
著者
Viliame Waqalevu 松井 英明 本田 晃伸 Serge Dossou 山本 淳 塩崎 一弘 小谷 知也
出版者
Japanese Society for Aquaculture Science
雑誌
水産増殖 (ISSN:03714217)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.67, no.2, pp.139-155, 2019-06-20 (Released:2020-06-20)
参考文献数
71

Brachionus plicatilis 複合種 SS および L 型に及ぼす3 種の栄養強化剤(DHA 強化クロレラ,冷凍ナンノクロロプシスおよび乳化筋子油)の餌料効果を比べた(対照区:濃縮淡水クロレラ)。両型ワムシの増殖速度と脂肪酸含量は試験区間で変化した。 非極性脂質と極性脂質の含量はワムシ型間で変化した。可溶性タンパク質は両型で DHA 強化クロレラおよび生クロレラ給餌で多かった。冷凍ナンノクロロプシスを除いた全ての試験区で,SS 型の可溶性タンパク質含量は L 型よりも高かった。 ワムシ型に応じて,培養方法,強化剤の投与量および脂肪酸要求量を考慮する必要がある。
著者
森崎 玲大 小島 仁志 金澤 朋子 村田 浩一 小谷 幸司
出版者
公益社団法人 日本造園学会
雑誌
ランドスケープ研究 (ISSN:13408984)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.83, no.5, pp.597-602, 2020-03-30 (Released:2020-06-09)
参考文献数
17

This study targeted six exhibition zones with different characteristics at the Yokohama Zoo “Zoorasia ,” which grasped visitor satisfaction at each exhibition zone, clarified the relationship between visitor satisfaction and the purpose and attributes of visitors, identified the management and operation issues at each exhibition zone from a visitor satisfa ction perspective, and examined the factors that led to its occurrence. Ultimately, the aim of this study was to discuss a response policy in relati on to the management and operation policy of Zoorasia. The main results of this study are as follows:(1) Visitor attributes are classified into three types. (2) The degree of visitor satisfaction varies by exhibition zone and visitor type. (3) The factors affecting overall visitor satisfaction vary by exhibition zone and visitor type. (4) The management and operation issues (important improving items) vary by exhibition zone. With the above results, the response policy was discussed by relating issues in the management and operation of each exhibition zone with the current management and operation policy.