著者
山口 智子 向井 志乃 魚谷 茂雄 大谷 壽一 澤田 康文
出版者
公益社団法人 日本薬学会
雑誌
YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.122, no.5, pp.331-338, 2002 (Released:2003-02-18)
参考文献数
10
被引用文献数
1

Phenytoin (PHT) exhibits nonlinear pharmacokinetics in the therapeutic range. Therefore a slight increase in dose may lead to considerable elevation of the serum PHT level. Although its bioavailability is dependent on the formulation, bioequivalence is considered to be preserved between the three major formulations, of tablet, 97% fine granules, and 10% powder. However, we experienced many cases of increases serum PHT concentration after changes in formulation from 97% fine granules to 97/4% hospital-made fine granules, and from the latter to 10% powder. Retrospective analysis revealed that these alterations were accompanied by 55% and 16% increases in the serum concentration-to-dose ratio of PHT, respectively. We investigated the factors of this increase by analyzing the weight of remaining powder in a package and the PHT content of each formulation. Each package of PHT formulation prepared with 97% fine granules and 10% powder was unsealed, and the contents were weighed to calculate the rate of recovery. The rate of ingestion was estimated by correcting the rate of recovery by PHT strength (i. e., 1.0 for 10% powder and 0.97 for fine granules). The rates of recovery and ingestion for 10% powder were 13% and 16% higher than those for 97% fine granules, respectively (p<0.01). In conclusion, Changing the PHT formulation from 97% fine granules to 10% powder may lead to a considerable increase in the serum PHT concentration and possibly induce PHT toxicity.
著者
丸田 栄一 但馬 重俊 廣谷 芳彦 前田 義美 西井 諭司 東 敏夫 山路 昭 紀氏 汎恵 平岡 栄一 三牧 孝至 田川 哲三 藪内 百治
出版者
一般社団法人 日本医療薬学会
雑誌
病院薬学 (ISSN:03899098)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.11, no.5, pp.398-402, 1985-10-20 (Released:2011-08-11)
参考文献数
15

Phenytoin (PHT) fine granule, which has the same bioavailability as the tablet, has recently been marketed. We projected a change of PHT dosage form from usual powder to fine granule. In view of the fact that 97% of PHT products prescribed and marketed are available in fine granules, 50% PHT preparations were produced in hospital pharmacy. 5 kinds of preparations using various lactoses as diluents were prepared and tested for their quality. Among them, the preparation from Aleviatin fine granule passing through a 42-mesh sieve and EFC lactose showed the best results in the mixing property and various sense tests. The change to this dosage form and its bioavailability tests were carried out by a cooperation of doctors and pharmacists. Serum PHT levels of all patients, assayed by EMIT method, showed a 20% to 30% increase after the administration of the new preparation (50% PHT fine granule with EFC lactose).
著者
有森 和彦 河野 ひとみ 近見 和代 岩奥 玲子 中野 眞汎
出版者
一般社団法人 日本医療薬学会
雑誌
病院薬学 (ISSN:03899098)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.13, no.6, pp.361-365, 1987-12-20 (Released:2011-08-11)
参考文献数
4
被引用文献数
3 1

Serum concentrations of phenytoin and phenobarbital which were administered as the tablet or the powder in epileptic patients were determined by the fluorescence polarization immunoassay method. The serum concentrations of phenytoin administered as the tablet (Hydantol®) were higher than those as the powder (Aleviatin ® fine granules). To investigate the differences in serum levels following administration of each preparation, compliance, dissolution characteristics of the preparations and losses of the powder after operating the dividing and packing machines were investigated. Since phenytoin dissolved from the Hydantol ® tablet more slowly than from the Aleviatin ® fine granules, the differences in dissolution rates of both preparations do not seem to be the cause of higher serum concentrations in patients taking the Hydantol ® tablet.The amount of the powder after operating three types of dividing and packing machines was decreased about 2-8% of the original amount of the powder by adhesion to various dividing sites of the machine. Accordingly, the lower serum concentrations of phenytoin after the administration of the powder may be due to losses of the powder by the adhesion to dividing and packing machine and due to non-compliance.Although there was no significant difference in the serum concentrations of phenobarbital between the tablet (Phenobal ®) and the powder (JP X phenobarbital powder), large variations in the serum concentrations were observed following administration of the powder. In view of the result of questionnaire and bitterness of the drug, a possibility of non-compliance of the powder was considered. Thus, it may be suggested that these factors should be concerned invariations of the serum concentrations.
著者
名取 良太 岡本 哲和 石橋 章市朗 坂本 治也 山田 凱 ISHIBASHI Shoichiro 坂本 治也 SAKAMOTO Haruya 山田 凱 YAMADA Gai
出版者
関西大学総合情報学部
雑誌
情報研究 = Journal of informatics : 関西大学総合情報学部紀要 (ISSN:1341156X)
巻号頁・発行日
no.44, pp.31-42, 2016-08

地方議会は,民主主義において重要な役割を担う存在である.しかしながら,日本の地方議会は,多くの市民から信頼されず,その役割を十分に果たしていないと考えられている.ところが,「地方議会が十分に役割を果たしていない」と主張するための定量的な根拠は,ほとんど示されていない.その原因の一つは,地方議会に関する膨大な資料から,適切なデータを取得するのが困難なことにある.そこで我々は,会議の開催状況や議案の審議過程,各議員の属性・発言内容・議案への賛否態度などを,定量データとして格納した地方議会データベースを開発した.本論文では,会議録や広報紙などから,どのようにデータテーブルを作成したかを説明するとともに,データベースを活用してどのような分析が可能になるかを紹介していく.Although the local assembly is one of the key organizations supporting the democratic system, many Japanese recognize that the local assemblies do not perform their expected roles. However, there is no quantitative evidence for this inadequate performance due to the difficulties in collecting quantitative data about the local assemblies. In this study, we explain the database system that we developed regarding local assemblies and present the data files for use in quantitative analysis.
著者
山崎 信二 やまさき しんじ Yamasaki Shinzi
出版者
奈良国立文化財研究所
雑誌
奈良文化財研究所年報
巻号頁・発行日
vol.1997, pp.14-15, 1997-09-30

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1 0 0 0 OA 官報

著者
大蔵省印刷局 [編]
出版者
日本マイクロ写真
巻号頁・発行日
vol.1918年11月01日, 1918-11-01

1 0 0 0 OA 官報

著者
大蔵省印刷局 [編]
出版者
日本マイクロ写真
巻号頁・発行日
vol.1918年10月03日, 1918-10-03
著者
山崎 裕二
出版者
日本赤十字看護大学
雑誌
日本赤十字武蔵野短期大学紀要 (ISSN:13461907)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.12, pp.92-122, 1999

1910年代の日赤救護看護人は, 平時において, 軍事演習や招魂祭といった軍関連行事の救護, 常設救護所や巡回診療といった診療事業の救護, 自然災害や火災, 交通災害, 伝染病流行などの災害救護に従事した。戦時においては, 中国辛亥革命に際しての漢口や鳳凰城での救護, 第1次世界大戦(日独戦争)に際しての日赤病院船での救護, 中国蒙古紛争に際しての郭家店での救護, シベリア出兵に際してのウラジオストクなどでの救護に派遣された。その特徴を一言でいえば, "1910年代における日赤救護看護人は, 日本近代看護史のなかで一番多様な看護活動を行った男性看護者であった"といえる。

1 0 0 0 卯杖

出版者
秋声会出版部
巻号頁・発行日
vol.1, no.11, 1903-11
著者
加治将一著
出版者
祥伝社
巻号頁・発行日
2012