著者

佐藤 進一

出版者

弘前大学國史研究会

雑誌

弘前大学國史研究 (ISSN:02874318)

巻号頁・発行日

no.64, pp.1-7, 1976-03-20

著者

寺島良安 編

出版者

秋田屋太右衛門 [ほか]

巻号頁・発行日

vol.[68], 1824

著者

藤川 賢 渡辺 伸一

出版者

明治学院大学社会学部付属研究所

雑誌

研究所年報 (ISSN:09114831)

巻号頁・発行日

no.38, pp.3-17, 2008-03

著者

大杉 重男

出版者

論樹の会

雑誌

論樹 (ISSN:0915504X)

巻号頁・発行日

no.28, pp.105-116, 2016-12

著者

前畠 ひろみ Hiromi MAEHATA

雑誌

神戸女学院大学論集 = KOBE COLLEGE STUDIES

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.2, pp.175-194, 2006-12-20

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Naginata appeared as a practical weapon instead of Hoko, which was one of Nagadogu (a generic name of some martial weapons such as spear, sword, and Naginata) in the past, and it was used mainly by samurai, monks or soldiers. From the end of Kamakura era, a weapon for battles switched it from Naginata to spears. Naginata was getting unused by an appearance of Nobunaga Oda. After the Edo era, Naginata revived as a decoration of the entrance hall of high-class samurai's house or as women and children's acquaintance of samurai family. The women's effect in home of such samurai families was not to use Naginata in a battlefield, but to use it for protecting themselves, families and for training their sons. Martial arts declined by the policy of dismantling a family with samurai antecedents in new Meiji government. Afterwards, Japan Butoku Asssociation (1895-1946) was established and the system to commend a martial artist in this group was completed. It was resolved to include Naginata and archery in the regular curriculum of physical education for girls in secondary school in 1936. The leaders and trainers of Naginata were educated in Butokuden (the training school) of Kyoto and Shuutokukan of Tokyo. After that, Naginata education was performed in all the elementary and junior high schools. The education of Naginata came to the prime of time in the provisional system during the Pacific Wars. However, after defeat of August 15, 1945, the class of Naginata at school carried out under the wartime was called off. Butoku Festival was performed in Kyoto on May 4, 1953 after the war, when the consultation was held to make an organization of Naginata. As a result, All Japan Naginata Federation was founded on May 4, 1955. Though the name of Naginata written in three types of letters had not been unified since the old days, it was finally expressed with the kana letters which are a letter of a woman from Heian period. Now, martial arts Naginata of Mothers revives.

著者

尼木康雄 著

出版者

教育文化研究会

巻号頁・発行日

1950

著者

栗林 貴弘

出版者

一般社団法人 日本鉱物科学会

雑誌

岩石鉱物科学 (ISSN:1345630X)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.210115, (Released:2021-04-14)

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Hitachiite (IMA2018-027), ideally Pb5Bi2Te2S6, has been discovered from the Hitachi mine, Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan. Hitachiite commonly occurs as small size of crystals (∼ 30-50 μm) with euhedral hexagonal plate form within pyrite crystals, and co-exists with pyrite, chalcopyrite, sphalerite, pyrrhotite, and galena. Hitachiite shows a metallic luster and black streak, and its macroscopic color is silver grey. Hitachiite has a Mohs' hardness of 2½-3, and its calculated density is 7.54 g/cm3. The discovered hitachiite has trigonal symmetry with a = 4.2200(13) Å, c = 27.02(4) Å. Its space group is P3m1. Hitachiite has a layer-type structure based on ABC-type closed packing of each single element atomic sheet stacked along the c-axis. The stacking sequence is -Te-Bi-S-Pb-S-Pb-S-Pb-S-Pb-S-Pb-S-Bi-Te- (15 layers). It is possible that hitachiite would be forming a homologous series expressed as Bi2Te2S・nPbS with tetradymite (n = 0), aleksite (n = 1), and suddlebackite (n = 2).

出版者

国史研究会

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, 1916

出版者

野田写真館

巻号頁・発行日

1939

著者

横山 茂

出版者

一般社団法人 電気設備学会

雑誌

電気設備学会誌 (ISSN:09100350)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.9, pp.699-702, 2008-09-10 (Released:2015-01-21)

著者

浅井一男

出版者

国立国会図書館

雑誌

調査と情報 (ISSN:13492098)

巻号頁・発行日

no.1101, 2020-06-16

著者

清水直樹

出版者

国立国会図書館

雑誌

調査と情報 (ISSN:13492098)

巻号頁・発行日

no.1051, 2019-03-28

著者

Ryutaro Goto Taigi Sato

出版者

The Plankton Society of Japan, The Japanese Association of Benthology

雑誌

Plankton and Benthos Research (ISSN:18808247)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.1, pp.69-72, 2021-02-19 (Released:2021-02-19)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

3

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The family Vitrinellidae is a group of tiny marine snails that generally occur in shallow waters of temperate and tropical seas. The biology of most vitrinellid species remains poorly understood. In this study, we report that Circulus cinguliferus (A. Adams, 1850) (Vitrinellidae), distributed widely in the warm shallow waters of the Pacific, inhabit crustacean burrows, including those of the mud shrimp Neaxius acanthus (Strahlaxiidae) and snapping shrimp Alpheus rapax (Alpheidae), in the intertidal and subtidal flats of the Okinawa Islands, southern Japan. They exhibited highly clumped distribution among the host burrows, suggesting that they are attracted by conspecifics. Although the biology of most Circulus species remains unknown, Circulus texanus (D. R. Moore, 1965) is known to inhabit stomatopod burrows in the western Atlantic. Our findings suggest that such a commensal habit may be more widespread in this genus than previously thought.

著者

国書刊行会 編

出版者

国書刊行会

巻号頁・発行日

vol.第一, 1916

著者

村尾 忠廣 疇地 希美

出版者

一般社団法人情報処理学会

雑誌

情報処理学会研究報告音楽情報科学(MUS) (ISSN:09196072)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1998, no.74, pp.31-38, 1998-08-07

参考文献数

9

被引用文献数

3

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本研究では次の3点について明らかにする。1)60?90年代の日本のポピュラーソングのリズムを日本語の音数律にしたがって統計分析し、年代ごとのパターンの特徴を示すこと。分析の中心は3文字文節が拍節的にどう処理されてきたかという問題で、これは小泉文夫によってすでに提起されていたが、今回あらたに変形2(詰め込み型)を設けて分析、このパターンが90年代の特徴という結論をえた。2)90年代のもう一つの特徴は弱化モーラのシラブル化が外国語のような日本語の歌をつくりだしたことだといわれる。しかし、1音多文字のシラブル的な歌はすでに大正年代の歌にもみられることであり、そのこと自体は中高年世代にとっても難しいことではない。問題は、変形詰め込み型とシラブル化が同時におこり、それによって「配字シンコペーション」がおこってきたことである。そのパターンの頻度を調査すること。3)そうした分析結果ともとに、理論的に90年代の「配字シンコペーション」を作り出し、中高年世代がこれをどう歌うか実験をこころみることである。In this study, we elucidate why the Japanese senior can not sing the pop songs in 90's in terms of syncopated patterns originated by weakened mora. We analyzed and demonstrated the following points. 1) Congruent points between metric accent and the closure points of three mora patterns. 2) Syncopated pattern originated by weakened mora. 3) Composing the typical 90's pop song melody based on the theoretical idea presented above.

著者

佐々木 崇人 野澤 伸一郎 築嶋 大輔 金子 顕

出版者

公益社団法人 日本コンクリート工学会

雑誌

コンクリート工学 (ISSN:03871061)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.7, pp.622-628, 2015 (Released:2016-07-01)

参考文献数

10

被引用文献数

3

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東北地方太平洋沖地震では,新幹線に用いられるコンクリート製電柱が折損や倒壊の被害を受けた。コンクリート製電柱が倒壊に至るような致命的な損傷となるのは,コンクリートの圧縮破壊が先行し脆性的な破壊となることが大きな要因であった。過去のコンクリート柱の被害と設計の変遷を明らかにした上で,PC構造のコンクリート製電柱を鋼管巻RC構造に改築して変形性能を向上させ,脆性的な破壊を防ぐことができる耐震補強工法を発案した。実用化に向けて,正負交番載荷試験,および実物大のコンクリート製電柱を用いた曲げ試験と振動台試験による性能確認を終え,耐震補強工事を実施している。

著者

小森 治夫 Haruo KOMORI

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, pp.1-22, 1997-05-30

著者

青山 拓央

出版者

The Philosophy of Science Society, Japan

雑誌

科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.43, no.2, pp.2_81-2_94, 2010 (Released:2011-04-01)

参考文献数

6

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Achilles need not catch the tortoise, although Achilles is faster than the tortoise. Zeno's premise does not determine whether Achilles can catch up. In this paper, I clarify this fact through a critical examination of Noya (2005), which criticizes Aoyama (2002) and Uemura (2002). Noya's solution smuggles the unnecessary premise of equal ratio to make Achilles catch up. However, his solution gives a new idea about what speed is. In the last part of this paper, I develop this idea and explain the reason why Achilles usually catches up in the actual world.

著者

中山 哲夫

出版者

一般社団法人 日本耳鼻咽喉科学会

雑誌

日本耳鼻咽喉科學會會報 (ISSN:00306622)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.115, no.6, pp.605-611, 2012-06-20

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

1

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感染症対策にワクチンの果たしてきた役割は大きく, ワクチンで予防できる疾患はワクチンで予防する基本的な方針で欧米は積極的にワクチン政策をすすめてきた. 一方, わが国では種痘禍, ジフテリア・百日咳・破傷風 (DPT) の事故, 麻疹・風疹・ムンプス (MMR) スキャンダルと予防接種に関する訴訟が続き積極的な予防接種政策を執ることができなかった. ワクチンメーカーも新規ワクチン開発や外国からの導入もなく空白の十数年が経過し, その間欧米においては1990年代にはインフルエンザ桿菌ワクチン (Hib), 結合型肺炎球菌ワクチン (PCV) が開発され日本発の無細胞型百日咳ワクチン (DTaP) をベ-スに多価ワクチンの開発と積極的に予防接種政策を推し進めてきた. ワクチンの品目, 制度の違いからワクチンで予防できる疾患 (vaccine preventable diseases: VPD) の流行が制圧できずワクチンギャップとして問題視されてきた. 最近になって2008年にはインフルエンザ桿菌ワクチン (Hib), そして2010年春から小児用の結合型肺炎球菌ワクチンが使用できる様になった. わが国の予防接種政策が立ち遅れた原因は何か, そしてこれからの予防接種対策について考えてみたい.

著者

半沢 真帆

出版者

一般社団法人 日本霊長類学会

雑誌

霊長類研究 (ISSN:09124047)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.36.015, (Released:2020-11-30)

参考文献数

54

被引用文献数

2

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Direct observations of the behavior of wild Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) in many populations have been recorded over the decades. However, novel behaviors continue to be reported. Here, I report a novel social behavior “rump-rump contact” among males of one group in Yakushima, a behavior that has not been reported in any macaque species. Eight cases of this behavior were observed in 87 observation-days between August and October 2018. They were classified into two types: the RR type, where the rumps of the two individuals symmetrically touched each other, and the RT type, where the rump of one individual was in touch with the lateral torso of the other. At the same time as this behavior, the two individuals clasped the other's body and touched the other's hindquarter by wagging tails. The contexts in which this behavior was observed suggests that it helps in regulating social tension, as might be the case in bonobos where the RR type is known. However, it is likely that this behavior in the two species is not entirely comparable, as no genital contacts with thrust was observed in the Japanese macaques as part of this behavior. In the macaque, it is possible that this behavior was derived from “presenting” because it was seen just before this behavior, and the same action of clasping the other's body was seen at the same time as this behavior. This is a highly novel behavior in that, wagging tails may be a kind of tactile communication, which has never been reported in nonhuman primates. Additionally, it is valuable that this behavior previously known only in bonobos and chimpanzees was also observed in the Japanese macaques, which have very different phylogenetic relationships and social systems. Further studies may reveal the affinitive relationships that goes beyond the strict dominance relationship between males.