著者

坂本 英夫

出版者

一般社団法人 人文地理学会

雑誌

人文地理 (ISSN:00187216)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.5, pp.405-424, 1981-10-28 (Released:2009-04-28)

参考文献数

44

被引用文献数

1

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In Japan onion production ranks fourth among the cultivated vegetable areas, and onions rank sixth in per capita consumption of vegetables as measured in kilograms. The onion occupies the first place among vegetables which are transported from the rural districts to the urban consumers. The author has been studying the geography of truck farming, above all its locational approach, so he began to investigate the onion producing regions in Hokkaido.As the onion likes a cool season, it is usually grown during the winter and spring seasons on Japanese farms. Hokkaido farmers, however, cultivate the onion during the cool summer and harvest in the autumn. There are two main producing areas in Hokkaido: one is Ishikari Plain and the other is the Kitami district. Kitami especially has developed recently in a remarkable way so that Hokkaido as a whole has the highest onion yield in Japan.In the Kitami district the temperature and the length of day which have an important bearing on onion bulb formation are highly favorable. The alluvial floodplain in Kitami Basin furnishes a fertile soil of sandy loam ideal for onion cultivation. An important social factor which has contributed to the increased production of onions in the Kitami district is that Kitami City has an abundant labor supply (especially women) cheaper than in the rival Ishikari Plain. In spite of these fundamental conditions, the development of onion cultivation in Kitami was delayed by insect damage and a poor marketing route. Yearly damage from the onion maggot hindered production after World War II until the life ecology of the worm was discovered and methods of extermination were determined in the 1960's. The Kitami district is a long way from the urban consumer market. Moreover, there was for a long time no marketing organization. When in 1965 the agricultural cooperatives began to manage onion sales, the Kitami farmers finally found an eager market for their crop.Two reasons have stimulated onion cultivation. First a change in eating habits in the 1960's caused a demand for onions and raised the price. Second when in 1970 rice production was restricted by the government, the Kitami farmers chose to plant onions as a substitute crop.As the onions stored until the supply is scarce are generally sold at a higher price than the freshly harvested crop, the agricultural cooperatives in the Kitami district have constructed many large onion storehouses since 1972. Kitami farmers who got good profits from onion production increased their onion fields in the following years.It is the usual practice in Japan that onions are transplanted to the field after seedling culture. Though the farmers in Hokkaido use machines to transplant the onions, much hand labor is required. As machine and labor costs are higher in Hokkaido than in other parts of Japan the producers try to increase gross income by increased acreage. The average onion fleld in Hokkaido is 2.7ha in area, while in the rest of Japan the average area is only 0.5ha. The farmer engaged in small scale production outside of Hokkaido makes a small investment and utilizes family labor and thus he makes his profits. In Hokkaido, including Kitami, the higher price of autumn harvested onions overcomes the higher costs of machinery and labor.In conclusion it seems that the new expansion of the Kitami onion fields is an example of intensive agriculture in a remote region caused increased demand.

著者

織田 武雄

出版者

一般社団法人 人文地理学会

雑誌

人文地理 (ISSN:00187216)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, no.1, pp.2-7, 1948-06-01 (Released:2009-04-28)

著者

大澤 武司

出版者

広島史学研究会

雑誌

史学研究 (ISSN:03869342)

巻号頁・発行日

no.286, pp.64-70, 2014-12

著者

常川 真央 松村 敦 宇陀 則彦

出版者

Japan Society for Information and Media Studies

雑誌

情報メディア研究 (ISSN:13485857)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.1, pp.42-51, 2013

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近年,ウェブ上で読書状況を公開し,他人と感想などを伝え合う読書支援ウェブサービスが盛んになっている.読書支援ウェブサービスでは,読者同士のコミュニケーションを支援するために,興味が類似したユーザとの出会いを支援する機能が不可欠である.そこで本研究では,類似の読書傾向を持つ読者を発見する手法として"NDC ツリープロファイリング"を提案する.NDC ツリープロファイリングは,日本十進分類法 (NDC) に基づいてユーザの読書傾向からツリー状のユーザプロファイルを作成する.そして,ユーザ同士のプロファイルを比較することにより,読書傾向の類似したユーザを発見する.評価実験を行った結果,ランダム推薦方式に対して本手法が統計的に有意に精度が向上した.一方,共通書籍冊数による手法と TF-IDF によるベクトル空間モデルを利用した手法に対しても精度は高かったものの,統計的に優位な差はなかった.十分な精度向上はできなかったものの,本研究で提案した NDC ツリープロファイリングは,階層構造を持ち,階層毎の重みを調節することでより繊細にユーザの関心を捉えられる可能性を持っている.さらなる調整を行なうことでより有効な類似読者発見を実現できる可能性がある.

著者

Christian Bizer

出版者

CODATA

雑誌

Data Science Journal (ISSN:16831470)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, pp.GRDI6-GRDI12, 2013 (Released:2013-07-23)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

19

著者

長谷 正人

出版者

日本映像学会

雑誌

映像学 (ISSN:02860279)

巻号頁・発行日

no.53, pp.p124-138, 1994-11

著者

Catherine Sauvaget Naomi Allen Mikiko Hayashi Elizabeth Spencer Jun Nagano

出版者

日本疫学会

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.5, pp.394-401, 2002 (Released:2007-11-30)

参考文献数

23

被引用文献数

9 28

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We evaluated the performance of a 22-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) administered in 1980-81 to 3, 005 members of the Adult Health Study cohort, part of the Life Span Study. The questionnaire was compared with the records of a 24-hour dietary survey that was performed in 1984-85. From the dietary records, food and nutrient intakes were estimated. The association between the two measures of dietary intake was assessed using Mantel-Haenszel chi-square test and the Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. The frequency of food intake as measured by the FFQ was linearly associated with food intake as measured by the 24-hour diary, with the exception of dry fish. The highest correlations were observed for beverages, including coffee (0.51), milk (0.32) and black tea (0.26). Foods such as fruit (0.27), confectionery (0.23), rice (0.34) and bread (0.28) were also moderately correlated. These results show that, with the exception of dry fish, the FFQ is moderately correlated with the 24hour diary and can be used to assess diet intake in this cohort. J Epidemiol2002;12:394-401.

著者

前田 安里紗 上間 大生 白水 菜々重 松下 光範

出版者

一般社団法人 人工知能学会

雑誌

人工知能学会論文誌 (ISSN:13460714)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.1, pp.204-215, 2015-01-06 (Released:2015-01-06)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

2

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The objective of this study is to support learning of Japanese onomatopoeia for foreigners who learn Japanese. In recent years, the number of such foreigners is increasing. There are a lot of onomatopoeia words in Japanese and many of them are difficult to translate because only the number of onomatopoeia words in foreign languages (e.g., Mandarin, Cantonese) are fewer than these in Japanese. To overcome the cultural difference, this paper proposes a digital picture book system for learning Japanese onomatopoeia. The system presents 32 onomatopoeia words to a user. The design criteria of the system is that: (1) adopts an interface of user participation, (2) presents a tiny story in which onomatopoeic words are associated with pictures, and (3) enables comparison of two synonymous/antomynic onomatopoeias. We conducted a user study with foreign learners and revealed that the proposed system improves understanding of semasiological differences between two confusing onomatopoeic words.

著者

久保田 浩史 渡辺 直勇 渡辺 涼子 佐藤 武尊 山本 浩貴

出版者

日本武道学会

雑誌

武道学研究 (ISSN:02879700)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.2, pp.99-104, 2014-01-31 (Released:2015-01-31)

参考文献数

18

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It is possible that quick reaction of the whole body is delayed during exerting muscle strength, and this effect is larger when exerting larger muscle strength. This study aimed to examine the defensive motion reaction time in judo competitors, while exerting different handgrip strengths. Subjects were 46 young males (mean age, 19.7 ± 1.3 years; mean height, 172.5 ± 4.6 cm; and mean weight, 79.0 ± 13.9 kg) with black belt in judo. They performed the defensive motion reaction time test exerting handgrip strength. They placed only one leg on a mat with a device measuring the whole body reaction time, grasped a grip strength device with one hand, and reacted to a light stimulus under each condition (different grip strength levels): 0%, 20-30%, 50-60%, or >80% of their maximal handgrip strength. One way analysis of variance was used to evaluate the significant differences among the means of the defensive motion reaction time values for each condition. On statistical analysis, the reaction time was significantly longer in the 20-30%, 50-60%, and the >80% conditions than in the 0% condition, and significantly longer in the >80% condition than in the 20-30% condition. The size of difference (effect size) between the 0% and the 20-30% conditions was small, and that between the 0% and the 50-60% conditions were moderate, and that between the 0% and the >80% conditions were moderate, and it tended to be larger with increasing handgrip strength exertion. Moreover, as the handgrip strength became larger, also the reaction time was significantly delayed (Y=9.6X+332.6). In conclusion, the defensive motion reaction time in judo competitors is delayed with handgrip exertion, and the delay is larger when larger strength is exerted.

著者

熊倉 啓之

出版者

公益社団法人日本数学教育学会

雑誌

日本数学教育学会誌 (ISSN:0021471X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.89, no.1, pp.31-40, 2007-01-01

被引用文献数

6

著者

山田 太造

雑誌

研究報告人文科学とコンピュータ(CH)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2015-CH-105, no.4, pp.1-6, 2015-01-24

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本研究は,地域研究史資料を対象として,記述内容における時空間変化を追跡可能なデータ構造の確立を目指す.本報告では特に,本研究における地域研究史資料からのテキスト作成,テキストからの時空間情報の抽出・トピックの検出の各手法について述べる.

著者

吹田 義一 佃 芳行 高木 隆 増淵 興一

出版者

社団法人溶接学会

雑誌

溶接学会全国大会講演概要

巻号頁・発行日

no.51, pp.86-87, 1992-09-01

出版者

デアゴスティーニ・ジャパン

著者

内田 樹

出版者

神戸女学院大学

雑誌

女性学評論 (ISSN:09136630)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, pp.3-26, 1996-03

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Selon Harold Schechter, les legendes urbaines se composent de deux facteurs: l'archetype imaginaire commun a tous et l'inquietude propre du temps. La ou un archetype ahistorique se trouve relie avec une inquietude historiquement conditionnee, se produit une legende urbaine "dramatique". A partir de cette hypothese, nous analysons, dans la presente etude, trois films qui forment la saga "Alien":"Alien"de Ridley Scott(1979), "Aliens"de James Cameron(1986),"Alien 3"de David Fincher(1992). Ce qui nous interesse n'est pas l'archetype qui reste inchange a travers ces films, mais la transformation grotesque du statut de l'heroine. Ripley, heroine de la saga, presente, au debut,le reve feministe: astronaute experte, independante, courageuse, et seule survivante de la bataille sanglante avec un "Alien". Mais, dans 13 ans, elle doit mourir completement depouillee: sans famille, sans camarades, sans armes,sans futur, sans gloire, et enceinte d'un "Alien". D'ou vient cette chute? Nous en cherchons l'explication dans la tendance misogyne chez les hommes americains face au feminisme menac__.ant des annees 80.

著者

小林鶯里 著

出版者

東京出版通信社

巻号頁・発行日

1938

著者

潮木 守一

出版者

日本教育社会学会

雑誌

日本教育社会学会大会発表要旨集録

巻号頁・発行日

no.17, 1965-10-02

著者

小川 和孝

出版者

東京大学大学院教育学研究科

雑誌

東京大学大学院教育学研究科紀要 (ISSN:13421050)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, pp.127-135, 2013-03-10

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This paper aims to describe new directions of sociology for the studies of the labor market in Japan. For related studies, I review the following three research areas – (1) long-term employment custom and seniority-based wage system, (2) social security system, (3) transition from school to work. The problems are that theories on which the past researches relied don't adequately explain observed characteristics in the Japanese labor market, and they view individuals as either “oversocialized” or “undersocialized.” Then, I seek several directions to overcome them. The emphasis is placed on to focus on multiple outcomes of labor markets, matching processes between workers and employers, and institutional mechaniams and their changes.

著者

須藤 健悟

出版者

公益社団法人 大気環境学会

雑誌

大気環境学会誌 (ISSN:13414178)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.2, pp.A25-A35, 2014-03-10 (Released:2014-11-11)

参考文献数

38

著者

河本 英夫

出版者

札幌学院大学

雑誌

社会情報 (ISSN:0917673X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.1, pp.193-199, 1995-11-30

著者

渋谷 百合絵

出版者

東京大学文学部国文学研究室

雑誌

東京大学国文学論集 (ISSN:18812139)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, pp.157-174, 2014 (Released:2014-03-26)