著者
太原 信之
出版者
[出版者不明]
巻号頁・発行日
2007-03

制度:新 ; 文部省報告番号:乙2092号 ; 学位の種類:博士(工学) ; 授与年月日:2007/3/24 ; 早大学位記番号:新4540
著者
山下 晋司 Shinji Yamashita
出版者
国立民族学博物館
雑誌
国立民族学博物館研究報告 = Bulletin of the National Museum of Ethnology (ISSN:0385180X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.17, no.1, pp.1-33, 1992-07-31

In 1908 the royal family of Klungkung, the oldest and the lastkingdom of Bali, by then part of Dutch East India, committed theto tourism. It aims to make a contribution to the historical anthropologyof the Island as well as to the anthropology of tourism.The main part of the paper consists of four sections. The first sectiondescribes the birth of Bali as the "tourist paradise" in the 1920s tothe 1930s. In this setting, the roles played in the old theatre state of Bali,such as those of sponsors (kings) , director (priests) and actors/audience(peasants) had to change drastically. Now the "theatre" acted as hoststo tourists within the colonial state. The second section pays special attentionto the role of artists, scholars and anthropologists—WalterSpies, a German artist and musician, and Margaret Mead, the Americananthropologist, among others—who stayed in Bali in the 1930s, and whohelped creat the Western perception of Bali as the exotic, oriental "lastparadise." Related to this, the third section examines the re-creation oftraditional Balinese art—dance in particular—under the influence of thetourist, a Balinese version of the "invention of tradition" to quote EricHobsbawm. The final section analyses the present situation in which the"tourist paradise" has been transformed further into the "national parkof beautiful Indonesia" as part of Indonesia's nation building process.Both tourism and nationalism necessarily empasise the beauty of the Indonesiannation, and particularly that of Bali as its foremost tourist attraction.By examining the Balinese cultural dynamics in relation to tourism,I am analysing the Balinese version of what James Clifford has called the"modern art -culture system." Following Clifford, I mean by the "artculturesystem" the way in which the West adopts, transforms and consumesnon-Western cultural elements. In the twentieth century, objectsfrom "primitive" societies have been re-evaluated both as "works ofarts" by artists (and also, importantly, by tourists) , and as "scientificcultural materials" by anthropolgists. In this system artists, tourists andanthropologists play complementary and in some ways, similar, roles,each in establishing the "authenticity" of cultures.It is within this modern art-culture system that the Balinese tourismis embedded. In other words, as is the case with museums whichClifford analyses, it is this modern system which the anthropology oftourism must really analyse. In this sense the anthropology of tourismmust be the anthropology of modernity and/or of post-modernity. TheBalinese case considered here is just one example which demonstratesthis thesis.puputan, mass suicide, by marching helplessly and almost in a state oftrance against the invading Dutch colonial army. It was literally thedeath of negara, the theatre state of nineteenth-century Bali, analysed byClifford Geertz. After the old state died out, however, Bali wasdiscovered by Western pioneer tourists and was reborn again as "the lastparadise" under the Dutch colonial regime.By the 1930s Balinese tourism was well developed, to the extent thatin 1931 Miguel Covarrubias, a Mexican artist and traveller and the writerof the now classic Island of Bali wrote of the Island: "we were disappointed;the tourist rush was in full swing." After a break during theWorld War II and following the Indonesian Independence Revolutionperiod, tourism in Bali reappeared again in the late 1960s as part of thedevelopment policy of the government of the independent Republic of Indonesia.It goes without saying that the Island has now gained worldwidefame as an international tourist site. The number of tourists in1991 is reported as amounting to over 600,000.This paper describes the historical transformation of Bali from thenineteenth-century "theatre state" to the twentieth-century "touristparadise," and examines the dynamism of Balinese culture with reference
著者
成田 龍一朗
出版者
東北教育哲学教育史学会
雑誌
教育思想 (ISSN:03860663)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.45, pp.135-157, 2018-03-31
著者
曽根 威彦
出版者
早稲田大学法学会
雑誌
早稲田法学 (ISSN:03890546)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.58, no.2, pp.87-115, 1983-06-01
著者
玉腰 和典 山本 奈緒子
出版者
富山大学人間発達科学部附属人間発達科学研究実践総合センター
雑誌
教育実践研究 : 富山大学人間発達科学研究実践総合センター紀要 (ISSN:18815227)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.16, pp.51-68, 2022-01-11

本研究は、これまで体育科教育において実践的な研究があまりみられなかったヨガ教材に着目し、高校体育の実践事例の分析を通して、学校体育におけるヨガ教材の授業づくりの課題を解明することを目的とする。研究方法は、実践資料の分析、担当教師への半構造化インタビュー、感想文の内容分析とした。結果、次のような課題を解明することができた。①ヨガについての基本的特徴を、技能面だけではなく、歴史、種類、効果といった多様な観点で解明する。②ヨガの典型教材となる教材やその指導内容と方法を解明する。③プログラムの創作発表をする学習では、ヨガの特性に応じた創作発表のポイントと、その系統的指導の展開を解明する。④プログラムの創作発表をする学習では、実用性だけではなく、身体への気づきや身体との対話に着目させる指導方法や評価方法を解明する。⑤体力や音楽・照度・湿度・声質・羞恥心・同調動作の感じ方など、ヨガの特性に応じて顕在化する、多様な個人差を想定した学習指導の工夫について解明する。⑥ヨガの科学的・文化的内容の発展的な学習方法を解明する。⑦教師がヨガを教材化する見通しがもてるよう、多様な授業展開や評価基準を解明する。
著者
西岡 麻衣子
出版者
関西大学教育開発支援センター
雑誌
関西大学高等教育研究 (ISSN:21856389)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.13, pp.1-11, 2022-03-23

近年、日本の大学では、グローバル人材育成の理念のもと、留学生と日本人学生の交流・協働学習が様々な形で実施されている。異文化間の接触は多くの気づきをもたらすと同時に、ステレオタイプや偏見を助長する恐れがあるため、理論的配慮が必要である。接触仮説(Allport, 1954)をはじめとする集団間接触理論が枠組みとしてあげられるが、留学生と日本人学生の協働学習を対象とした検証研究は少なく、特に、異文化の相手に対する偏見に焦点をあて、参加者の心理的変容を探った研究は限られている。そこで、筆者は上記の理論に基づき国際共修科目をデザインし、偏見につながる心理とした「不安」「不確実性」「接近回避」「自民族中心主義」の変容を探った。その結果、留学生はすべての概念、日本人学生は「自民族中心主義」を除く、3つの概念で低下の効果が認められ、集団間接触理論の応用の可能性が示唆された。
雑誌
史觀 = Shikan : the historical review (ISSN:03869350)
巻号頁・発行日
no.166, pp.123-137, 2012-03-25
著者
奥 忍
出版者
奈良教育大学教育研究所
雑誌
奈良教育大学教育研究所紀要 (ISSN:13404415)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.24, pp.1-9, 1988-03-01

明治以降、西洋音楽が公教育の中に積極的に取り入れられるようになり、日本人の音感覚は次第に西洋化された。本稿は、大正時代に西洋音楽がどのように受容されたか、即ち、移入された西洋音楽はどのように伝統的音感覚の影響を受け、変化したか、について、アメリカ起源の3つの流行歌の音高を測定し、音程・音律を分析することによって明らかにしようと試みたものである。対象となった流行歌は第一節の全ての音の音高が測定され、音程はセントで整理される。結果は調性感の視点から考察される。
著者
井福 裕俊 中山 貴文 坂本 将基 齋藤 和也 小澤 雄二 福田 晃平 中村 朱里
出版者
熊本大学
雑誌
熊本大学教育学部紀要 (ISSN:21881871)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.66, pp.267-272, 2017-12-19

The purpose of the present study was to classify standing posture of the upper grade elementary school children in the second sexual stage into five types according to Kendall's method, and to clarify factors affecting those postures by using seven muscle strength or flexibility tests. A total of 196 children (104 boys, 92 girls) were analyzed. Only 22% of children were a good posture even if the ideal and military postures were combined, whereas a bad posture, i.e., kyphosis-lordosis, flat-back and sway-back postures, accounted for 78%. The deviation of the body's center of gravity was significantly shorter in the good pasture than in the bad posture. When principal component analysis was applied to the data for seven muscular strength or flexibility tests, military posture had high overall evaluation of muscular strength and flexibility and kyphosis-lordosis posture was lower, whereas ideal posture was mainly held by muscular strength and flexibility of lower body and flat-back posture was mainly held by those of upper body. These findings suggest that it is necessary to improve muscle strength and flexibility in order to improve the bad standing posture of upper grade elementary school children.
著者
藤井 正希
出版者
早稲田大学大学院 社会科学研究科
雑誌
社学研論集 (ISSN:13480790)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.7, pp.152-167, 2006-03-25

論文
著者
齊藤 茂雄
出版者
関西大学東西学術研究所
雑誌
関西大学東西学術研究所紀要 (ISSN:02878151)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.48, pp.77-99, 2015-04-01

This paper investigates the process by which regional commanders were selected during the early period of Tang Chinese "loose-rein" rule over Turkic tribes following the defeat of the First Türk Qaghanate 突厥第一可汗国 in 630. On the basis of this investigation, it demonstrates that the even before Li Shimin ascended the throne as Emperor Taizong 太宗, the second Tang emperor, these commanders had been selected from among the men who had rallied to his support in his campaigns to pacify northern China (Shi Shanying 史善應, Shi Danai 史大奈), or from Türks who had become his allies or formed other personal relationships with him (Ashina Shibobi 阿史那什鉢苾, Ashina Zhong 阿史那忠, Ashina Shimo 阿史那思摩, and Ashina Sunishi 阿史那蘇尼失). Only one among them, Kang Sumi 康蘇密, remains a mystery due to inadequate historical source materials. This research has confirmed that the loose-rein policy of control of the Türks throughout Taizong's reign was conducted principally by these commanders selected at the beginning. But, since a number of these individuals had been of low rank or status during the First Türk Qaghanate, they were unable to gain the support of the Turkic people, and this system of rule collapsed for a time. However, from the reign of Gaozong 高宗onward, a more realistic system of control was initiated, and the loose-reign policy attained its most perfected state.