著者

羽生 春夫

出版者

認知神経科学会

雑誌

認知神経科学 (ISSN:13444298)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.3, pp.222-226, 2006 (Released:2011-07-05)

参考文献数

7

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【要旨】老年期の代表的な認知症といわれるアルツハイマー病(AD)、レビー小体型認知症(DLB)、血管性認知症(VaD)の早期診断と鑑別における画像検査の役割について概説する。MRIは脳の微細構造を含む形態学的変化の描出に優れ、ADの主病変となる海馬や海馬傍回(内嗅野皮質)を明瞭に識別できる。視覚的にも萎縮の評価は可能であるが、voxel-based morphometryによって客観的な形態学的変化の評価が容易となってきた。最近登場したVSRADという解析ソフトを用いると、早期ADやMCI患者で内嗅野皮質を含む側頭葉内側部の萎縮が検出でき、その他の認知症と比べてより高度な萎縮を確認できることからADの早期診断や鑑別に期待される。SPECT画像を3D-SSPなどから統計学的に解析すると、ADの病初期やMCIのrapid converter群では後部帯状回や楔前部の有意な血流低下が認められ、早期診断に活用できる。また、DLBでは後頭葉内側の血流低下が、VaDでは前頭葉や帯状回前部の血流低下がみられるなど、それぞれ特徴的な脳血流低下パターンを示すことから鑑別診断にも役立つ。形態画像や機能画像の統計学的解析によって、ADを代表とした認知症の早期診断や鑑別がいっそう容易となり、今後の薬物治療にも大きな貢献をもたらすものと期待される。

著者

Satoshi Kawaichi Norihiro Ito Takashi Yoshida Yoshihiko Sako

出版者

日本微生物生態学会 / 日本土壌微生物学会 / Taiwan Society of Microbial Ecology / 植物微生物研究会

雑誌

Microbes and Environments (ISSN:13426311)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.ME13048, (Released:2013-11-21)

被引用文献数

3 9

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Physicochemical characteristics and archaeal and bacterial community structures in an iron-rich coastal hydrothermal field, where the temperature of the most active hot spot reaches above 100ーC, were investigated to obtain fundamental information on microbes inhabiting a coastal hydrothermal field. The environmental settings of the coastal hydrothermal field were similar in some degree to those of deep-sea hydrothermal environments because of its emission of H2, CO2, and sulfide from the bottom of the hot spot. The results of clone analyses based on the 16S rRNA gene led us to speculate the presence of a chemo-synthetic microbial ecosystem, where chemolithoautotrophic thermophiles, primarily the bacterial order Aquificales, function as primary producers using H2 or sulfur compounds as their energy source and CO2 as their carbon source, and the organic compounds synthesized by them support the growth of chemoheterotrophic thermophiles, such as members of the order Thermales and the family Desulfurococcaceae. In addition, the dominance of members of the bacterial genus Herbaspirillum in the high temperature bottom layer led us to speculate the temporal formation of mesophilic zones where they can also function as primary producing or nitrogen-fixing bacteria.

著者

海野 道郎

出版者

日本行動計量学会

雑誌

行動計量学 (ISSN:03855481)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.2, pp.14-26, 1981-09-01 (Released:2010-06-28)

参考文献数

99

被引用文献数

3

著者

今野 茂充

出版者

財団法人 日本国際政治学会

雑誌

国際政治 (ISSN:04542215)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2009, no.157, pp.157_170-182, 2009-09-30 (Released:2011-11-30)

参考文献数

35

著者

Hidenori Sakuma Atsushi Nakamura Yumi Fukuoka Mitsukuni Okabe Kunio Tsurumi Motoo Yokoi

出版者

特定非営利活動法人 日本口腔科学会

雑誌

Oral Science International (ISSN:13488643)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.2, pp.146-149, 2008 (Released:2008-12-08)

参考文献数

11

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Septic pulmonary embolism is a rare condition, the common sources of which are bacterial endocarditis and infected venous catheters. Septic pulmonary embolism ascribed to dental infection is extremely rare. The present report describes a case of septic pulmonary embolism attributed to periapical periodontitis in a 39-year-old patient, who was admitted with persistent toothache, fever, and chest pain. Chest CT showed a feeding vessel sign and a target sign. A panoramic radiograph of the left maxillary bone showed alveolar bone loss in a horizontal pattern typical of periodontitis and periapical periodontitis. The patient was treated with intravenous antibiotics and teeth extraction. To our knowledge, only 4 cases of septic pulmonary embolism ascribed to dental infection have been reported in the English literature. These patients repeatedly developed dental infections but did not receive appropriate dental treatment including extraction of the causative teeth, leading to the development of septic pulmonary embolism. This paper may contribute to the limited clinical knowledge base regarding septic pulmonary embolism ascribed to periapical periodontitis. Effective oral care and removal of the primary source of infection, including extraction of the causative teeth, are important to prevent septic pulmonary embolism.

著者

石川 徹夫 床次 眞司 山田 裕司

出版者

公益社団法人 日本アイソトープ協会

雑誌

RADIOISOTOPES (ISSN:00338303)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.4, pp.203-209, 2003-04-15 (Released:2010-07-21)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

2 2

著者

高橋 晃次郎

出版者

口腔病学会

雑誌

口腔病学会雑誌 (ISSN:03009149)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.4, pp.1975-1992, 1959 (Released:2010-10-08)

参考文献数

65

被引用文献数

1 1

著者

金杉 武司他

出版者

日本科学哲学会

雑誌

科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.1, pp.97-106, 2006-06-25 (Released:2009-05-29)

被引用文献数

1

著者

名倉 民雄

出版者

日本海水学会

雑誌

日本塩学会誌 (ISSN:03695646)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, no.4, pp.216-217, 1957 (Released:2013-05-17)

著者

竹内 洋

出版者

日本社会学会

雑誌

社会学評論 (ISSN:00215414)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.1, pp.186-188, 2009-06-30 (Released:2010-08-01)

著者

山田 昌弘

出版者

日本社会学会

雑誌

社会学評論 (ISSN:00215414)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.2, pp.308-309, 2009-09-30 (Released:2012-03-01)

著者

鈴木 謙介

出版者

日本社会学会

雑誌

社会学評論 (ISSN:00215414)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.2, pp.253-254, 2011-09-30 (Released:2013-11-19)

著者

難波 功士

出版者

日本社会学会

雑誌

社会学評論 (ISSN:00215414)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.2, pp.249-250, 2011-09-30 (Released:2013-11-19)

著者

Hiroshi OHTA Kanae TAKADA Yuji SUNDEN Yu TAMURA Tatsuyuki OSUGA Sue Yee LIM Masahiro MURAKAMI Noboru SASAKI Bandula Kumara Wickramasekara RAJAPAKSHAGE Kensuke NAKAMURA Masahiro YAMASAKI Mitsuyoshi TAKIGUCHI

出版者

公益社団法人 日本獣医学会

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.13-0008, (Released:2013-11-22)

被引用文献数

3 13

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Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a common cause of chronic gastrointestinal signs in dogs. In humans, T helper cells have important roles in the pathogenesis of IBD. In contrast, no specific involvement of a distinct T cell subset has been described in canine IBD. The present study evaluated the gene and protein expression of cytokines of T cell subsets in duodenal mucosa from dogs with IBD. Relative quantification of interleukin (IL)-17A, interferon (IFN)-γ, IL-4 and IL-10 mRNA transcription was performed using duodenal mucosa from 27 IBD dogs and 8 controls. Duodenal mucosal IL-17A, IFN-γ and IL-10 protein levels were determined by ELISA in 15 IBD dogs and 8 controls. There was no significant difference in each cytokines mRNA transcription level between groups. There was no significant difference in IL-17A, IFN-γ and IL-10 protein expression levels between groups. Thus, there is no clear evidence for the involvement of distinct Th cytokine in the pathogenesis of canine IBD.

著者

高木 知弘 山中 晃徳

出版者

一般社団法人 日本塑性加工学会

雑誌

塑性と加工 (ISSN:00381586)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.633, pp.906-910, 2013 (Released:2013-11-06)

参考文献数

69

被引用文献数

2

著者

Masato MORI Masahide KIMOTO Masayoshi ISHII Satoru YOKOI Takashi MOCHIZUKI Yoshimitsu CHIKAMOTO Masahiro WATANABE Toru NOZAWA Hiroaki TATEBE Takashi T. SAKAMOTO Yoshiki KOMURO Yukiko IMADA Hiroshi KOYAMA

出版者

(公社)日本気象学会

雑誌

気象集誌. 第2輯 (ISSN:00261165)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.91, no.4, pp.431-452, 2013 (Released:2013-09-06)

参考文献数

54

被引用文献数

5 14

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In line with the experimental design for near-term climate prediction toward the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, we perform ensembles of initialized decadal hindcast and near-future projection using three versions of the coupled atmosphere-ocean model MIROC. In the present study, we explore interannual and multiyear predictability of tropical cyclone (TC) activity in the western North Pacific (WNP) using the initialized hindcasts and examine global warming impacts on TC activity in the near-future on the basis of near-future projections up to 2035. The hindcasts of year-to-year variation in TC number capture the observed values reasonably well. Moreover, interannual variability of TC genesis and occurrence frequency associated with the El Niño Southern Oscillation are found to be predictable, mainly through better prediction of sea surface temperature (SST) and large-scale vorticity anomalies in the lower troposphere. These results indicate that the models can reproduce the major basic mechanisms that link TC genesis with large-scale circulation. Skillful prediction of TC number is likely difficult on multiyear timescales, at least based on our hindcasts, but through initializations, the three-year-mean hindcasts from 1998 onward reasonably capture observed major characteristics of TC activity associated with Pacific climate shift during the late 1990s. Near-future projections (2016-2035) suggest significant reductions (approximately 14%) in TC number, particularly over the western part of the WNP, even under scenarios in which projected global warming is less prominent than that at the end of this century. This reduction is likely due to the suppression of large-scale lower tropospheric vorticity and relative humidity and the enhancement of vertical wind shear. The projected SST exhibits a more pronounced warming over the eastern tropical Pacific than over the western region and accompanies the weakening of Walker circulation via redistribution of tropical convection activity, which appears to be responsible for the change in the large-scale fields in the WNP.

著者

陳 隆明

出版者

公益社団法人 日本リハビリテーション医学会

雑誌

The Japanese Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine (ISSN:18813526)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.1, pp.33-41, 2010-01-18 (Released:2010-02-09)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

2 3

著者

深田 陽久 橋口 智美 柏木 丈拡 妹尾 歩美 高桑 史明 森岡 克司 沢村 正義 益本 俊郎

出版者

公益社団法人 日本水産学会

雑誌

日本水産学会誌 (ISSN:00215392)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.76, no.4, pp.678-685, 2010 (Released:2010-10-11)

参考文献数

33

被引用文献数

6 9

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養殖ブリの高付加価値化を目的として下記の試験を行った。試験 1 ではユズ果汁をブリ飼料に添加することによって血合筋の褐変を抑制できるか検討した。飼料 1 kg にユズ果汁を段階的に添加し,ブリ幼魚に 40 日間給与した。ユズ果汁の添加によって,成長を損なう事無く,血合筋の褐変が抑制されていた。試験 2 としてユズ果汁を添加した飼料を 30 日間与えたブリの筋肉中からユズ香気成分の検出と同定を行い,香りの成分が果汁を添加した飼料より移行し,蓄積されたことを明らかにした。

著者

Pou Kuan Leong Po Yee Chiu Kam Ming Ko

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:09186158)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.4, pp.464-472, 2012-04-01 (Released:2012-04-01)

参考文献数

39

被引用文献数

7 12

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We investigated whether two naturally-occurring prooxidants, namely, schisandrin B (Sch B) and curcumin, and a synthetic prooxidant, menadione, can invariably elicit cyto/hepatoprotective responses against oxidant-induced injury. Results showed that (−)Sch B (a potent enantiomer of Sch B, 15 μM), curcumin (7.5 μM) and menadione (2 μM) induced a similar extent of reactive oxygen species production in AML12 cells. The relative potencies of cytoprotection in vitro were in a descending order of curcumin>menadione>(−)Sch B, which were parallel to the extent of stimulation in cellular reduced glutathione level. We further examined their hepatoprotection in vivo. Pretreatment with Sch B (800 mg/kg) and curcumin (737 mg/kg), but not menadione (344 mg/kg), protected against CCl4 toxicity, with the degree of protection afforded by Sch B being much larger than that of curcumin. The attenuated hepatoprotection afforded by curcumin may be attributed to its low bioavailability in vivo. This postulation is supported by the findings that intraperitoneal injections of Sch B (400 mg/kg) and curcumin (368 mg/kg) and the long term, low dose treatment with Sch B (20 mg/kg/d×15) and curcumin (18 mg/kg/d×15) induced glutathione antioxidant response and hepatoprotection to similar extents in vivo. The inability of menadione to induce hepatoprotection may be related to its extensive intestinal metabolism and/or hepatotoxicity. Taken together, prooxidants can invariably induce the glutathione antioxidant response and confer cytoprotection in vitro. Whether or not the prooxidant can produce a similar response in vivo would depend on its bioavailability and potential toxic effect.

著者

Zhihong GUO Wei LI Mao PENG Hong DUO Xiuying SHEN Yong FU Takao IRIE Tiantian GAN Yumi KIRINO Tetsuo NASU Yoichiro HORII Nariaki NONAKA

出版者

公益社団法人 日本獣医学会

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.13-0504, (Released:2013-11-21)

被引用文献数

9

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An epidemiological study and control trial were conducted to assess taeniid infection in farm dogs in Qinghai Province, China. To improve egg detection by fecal examination, a deworming step with praziquantel was incorporated into the sampling methodology. As a result, a marked increase in the number of egg-positive samples was observed in samples collected at 24 hr after deworming. Then, the fecal examination and barcoding of egg DNA were performed to assess the prevalence of taeniid species in dogs from Xinghai, Haiyan, Gangcha and Chengduo counties. Analysis of 277 dog feces revealed that taeniid cestodes, including Taenia spp. and Echinococcus granulosus, were highly prevalent in Xinghai (34.4%), but eggs were not found in Haiyan where a control trial on canine echinococcosis had been conducted 20 years previously. A control trial involving the administration of 5–10 mg/kg praziquantel to 90 farm dogs at 45-day intervals was conducted in Xinghai. The prevalence of taeniid cestodes in the dogs was reduced to 9.6% and 4.9% after one and two years, respectively, indicating that some dogs were not administered praziquantel properly. A questionnaire survey of farmers in Xinghai and Haiyan revealed that most farmers in Xinghai were not familiar with echinococcosis or the transmission route of the disease, while most farmers in Haiyan had a more thorough understanding of the disease. The findings implied that a program for educating local farmers would be important for efficiently controlling canine taeniid infection in the region.