著者

見平 隆

出版者

名古屋学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

名古屋学院大学論集 社会科学篇 (ISSN:03850048)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.1, pp.105-120, 2008

著者

藤田 博文

出版者

桃山学院大学

雑誌

桃山学院大学社会学論集 (ISSN:02876647)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.2, pp.145-176, 2016-02-25

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This paper aims to characterize the neoliberal rationality that Michel Foucault(1926-84)posed in his 1979 lectures, Naissance de la biopolitique, at the College de France, through analyzing the transformation of his theory of power in the 1970s. The key concept to grasp this transformation is a "formation of truth". To attain this aim, the following three issues have to be examined using Foucault's logic. First, this paper clarifies that the governmental practices are regulated by a truth(a norm: a "normal price" and an average considered as optimal). This truth which makes a division between the normal and the abnormal is formed by the rational behavior of those who are governed. It was this conception that constituted his new theory of power which he developed in 1978 and 1979 lectures at the College de France. Second, this paper specifies that the truth is formed by the "natural mechanism(the spontaneous mechanism)" which function in the market from the eighteenth century. This mechanism functions as a "laissez-faire". This truth formed by the natural mechanism assures liberal rationality. Finally, this paper specifies that the truth is formed by the "competitive structure" which has an internal logic. This truth assures neoliberal rationality. This structure extends the competitive forms over the "society" (a"government of society"). In other words, neoliberal government produces a"society subject to the dynamic of competition". By examining these points, I would like to demonstrate that the "formation of truth" is the most important concept to grasp the transformation of Foucault's theory of power in the 1970s and to comprehend the neoliberal rationality.

著者

見平 隆

出版者

名古屋学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

名古屋学院大学論集 社会科学篇 (ISSN:03850048)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.3, pp.63-82, 2009

著者

柴崎 祐美 シバサキ マスミ Masumi Shibasaki

出版者

立教大学コミュニティ福祉研究所

雑誌

立教大学コミュニティ福祉研究所紀要 = Journal of the Institute of Community & Human Services, Rikkyo University (ISSN:24322636)

巻号頁・発行日

no.4, pp.115-127, 2016-11

著者

熊野純彦著

出版者

ナカニシヤ出版

巻号頁・発行日

2004

著者

高木 英明

出版者

筑波大学出版会

巻号頁・発行日

pp.1-352, 2017-10

著者

杉﨑 貴英

出版者

京都造形芸術大学

雑誌

京都造形芸術大学紀要

巻号頁・発行日

no.18, pp.181-194, 2013

著者

堀田正敦 編

出版者

写

巻号頁・発行日

vol.[74],

著者

上地 佑衣菜 植村 立

出版者

一般社団法人日本地球化学会

雑誌

日本地球化学会年会要旨集 2017年度日本地球化学会第64回年会講演要旨集

巻号頁・発行日

pp.219, 2017 (Released:2017-11-09)

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近年、水のδ17Oの高精度測定が可能になり、δ18Oとδ17Oを組み合わせた指標である17O-excessが提案された。17O-excessは海洋上の蒸発における分子拡散により生じると考えられて、その変動メカニズムはd-excessと同様である。しかし、17O-excessはd-excessよりも降水過程による変質が少ないと考えられている。本研究では、アジアモンスーン地域における17O-excess変動を明らかにするために、沖縄島での降水の測定を行った。沖縄島の降水の17O-excessには季節変動があり、d-excessと強い相関関係を示した。この結果は沖縄島の降水の17O-excessが海洋での蒸発時の分子拡散の強度を反映している事を示唆している。

著者

大日向 雅美

出版者

医療科学研究所

雑誌

医療と社会 = Journal of health care and society (ISSN:09169202)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.1, pp.21-30, 2017-05

著者

大日向 雅美

出版者

公益財団法人 医療科学研究所

雑誌

医療と社会 (ISSN:09169202)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.1, pp.21-30, 2017

被引用文献数

1

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<p>少子化対策には「人口政策」と「ウェルビーイング(健康で幸せな暮らしの実現)」の2つの面がある。この2つの面を整理し,国・基礎自治体・企業や社会・個人がそれぞれどのようなスタンスで少子化対策に臨むべきかの議論が必要である。1990年の1.57ショックに始まった日本の少子化対策を見ると,ややもすると「人口政策」と「ウェルビーイング」の議論が混同してきた面も否めない。しかしながら,さまざまな試行錯誤を経て2015年4月に,今後の日本社会の少子化対策のあるべき姿を定めたものと言える「子ども・子育て支援新制度」がスタートした意義は大きい。本稿では1990年から今日までの四半世紀に及ぶ少子化問題とその対策においてなされてきたことを振り返りつつ,今後の少子化対策としての子育て支援について考える。</p>

出版者

講談社

雑誌

週刊現代

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.1, pp.192-195, 2017-12-31

巻号頁・発行日

1000

著者

井尻 直志

出版者

日本イスパニヤ学会

雑誌

HISPANICA / HISPÁNICA (ISSN:09107789)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2014, no.58, pp.61-83, 2014 (Released:2016-05-05)

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ベネディクト・アンダーソンは、マリオ・バルガス=リョサ(Mario Vargas Llosa)の小説『密林の語り部』(El hablador, 1987) について論じた評論「不幸な国」で、「『密林の語り部』がナショナリズム小説であることは疑う余地がない」と述べている。それを受けて、本稿では、『密林の語り部』はアンダーソンのいうような意味におけるナショナリズム小説なのか、という点について論じた。以下がその結論である。『密林の語り部』の語りの構造には複数の解釈が可能であり、それに応じて作品とナショナリズムとの関係も変わってくる。語り部の語る章は小説家〈私〉の書いたものではないと看做す場合、ジョナサン・カラーのように「すべてを包括する語り手はいない」として、「統一性なき共同体を想像しようとする試み」であると解釈することもできるし、アンダーソンのいうように、ネーションへの統合が内包する野蛮の不可避性をパフォーマティヴに表現している「いまの時代のネーションの小説」であると解釈することもできる。また、語り部の語る章を小説家〈私〉の書いたものであると看做した場合も、「超越的視点」が存在しない以上、「旧来型のナショナリズム小説」であると解釈することはできない。とはいえ、『密林の語り部』の語りの構造を入れ子構造と看做した場合、小説家〈私〉は最終的に小説家バルガス=リョサに包摂される、という解釈が可能になる。その場合、『密林の語り部』は、語りの形式において、「均質な空間」の内にネーションを調和的に統合しようとする「旧来型のナショナリズム小説」である、という解釈が可能である。

著者

Kohei NAKATA Harumi MIURA Hiroki SAKAI Takashi MORI Sanae SHIBATA Hidetaka NISHIDA Sadatoshi MAEDA Hiroaki KAMISHINA

出版者

公益社団法人 日本獣医学会

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.79, no.6, pp.999-1002, 2017 (Released:2017-06-10)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

10

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A 7-year-old cat was referred with pelvic limb ataxia. Radiography and CT revealed bone resorption of the L1 vertebral arch, and myelography identified a compressive extradural lesion. The mass was surgically removed and histopathologically diagnosed as giant cell osteosarcoma. Three years later, the recurrent tumor resection and vertebral fixation were performed. Six months later, vertebrectomy was performed to radically excise the recurrent mass and a titanium spinal cage was placed. The cat is alive approximately 5 years after the first surgery. This case report describes vertebrectomy and vertebral body replacement as a radical treatment for feline vertebral osteosarcoma.

著者

Mun Keong KOK James K. CHAMBERS Atsushi DOHATA Kazuyuki UCHIDA Ryohei NISHIMURA Hiroyuki NAKAYAMA

出版者

公益社団法人 日本獣医学会

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.79, no.6, pp.984-987, 2017 (Released:2017-06-10)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

4

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A 10-year-old mixed breed dog was presented with a 0.8 cm diameter mass below the left eye region. The mass was surgically removed and processed for histopathological examination. Microscopically, tumor cells proliferated in small lobules, nests and cords, and the tumor parenchyma was separated by desmoplastic stroma. Majority of the tumor cells were periodic acid-Schiff (PAS)-positive, and the desmoplastic stroma was densely collagenous and mucinous. Immunohistochemical results showed that the tumor cells were diffusely positive for cytokeratin 15, cytokeratin 19 and CD 34, while cytokeratin 8 reactivity was limited to the tumor cells proliferating in cords. Few tumor cells were positive for nestin. Based on the histopathological findings, the tumor was diagnosed as desmoplastic tricholemmoma.

著者

大隅 尚広 山根 嵩史

出版者

人間環境学研究会

雑誌

人間環境学研究 (ISSN:13485253)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, no.2, pp.149-154, 2016 (Released:2017-01-06)

被引用文献数

2

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Human well-being or happiness is affected by various elements. Well-being is not only determined by the degree to which individuals can meet their basic physical needs, but also how individuals behave. An example is the effect of altruistic behaviors, which are defined as putting others' needs before one's own. Why do altruistic behaviors contribute to a greater sense of well-being in agents? Based on the theoretical account of the role of altruistic behaviors in biological adaptation, it was hypothesized in this study that enhancement of biological fitness underlies subjective well-being. It is important to note that, in theory, the adaptive role of altruistic behaviors differs depending on the recipients. Kin selection and reciprocity underlie altruistic behaviors toward family members and others, respectively. In particular, altruistic behaviors toward non-family members are predicted to increase the fitness of the agents through reciprocal interactions with others; however, altruistic behaviors toward family members may not necessarily have the same effect on agents. To test the possibility that altruistic behaviors might affect well-being differently depending on the recipient, a survey was conducted using self-report scales on subjective well-being and daily altruistic acts toward family members, friends, and strangers. As a control variable or moderator, subjective socioeconomic status was also measured. As predicted, the results indicated that altruistic behaviors toward non-family members positively affected subjective well-being, but those toward family members did not. This effect was particularly prominent among individuals with a relatively lower subjective socioeconomic status. These findings indicate that a lifestyle based on direct and indirect reciprocal interactions results in increased well-being. Accordingly, the present study suggests that subjective well-being and biological adaptation are intimately connected.

著者

野口 尚志

出版者

筑波大学国語国文学会

雑誌

日本語と日本文学 (ISSN:02856352)

巻号頁・発行日

no.53, pp.1-19, 2012-08

著者

廣井 美邦 小林 栄一

出版者

日本鉱物科学会

雑誌

岩鉱 (ISSN:09149783)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.91, no.6, pp.220-234, 1996 (Released:2006-11-25)

参考文献数

56

被引用文献数

4 6

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Three polymorphs of Al2SiO5, andalusite, kyanite and sillimanite, occur in contact with each other, forming aggregates in a part of the Nishidohira pelitic metamorphics in the Hitachi area of the southernmost Abukuma Plateau. Textural relationships between the three polymorphs suggest that andalusite formed first probably as chiastolitic porphyroblasts, that kyanite and/or sillimanite grew subsequently at the expense of pre-existing andalusite, and that sillimanite continued to form even in the rock matrix thereafter. The andalusite-forming first stage may have been either a contact metamorphic event by unknown plutons or a regional metamorphic event of low-pressure type. The second kyanite and/or sillimanite-producing stage was induced by high-temperature loading, whereas the third sillimanite-forming stage possibly resulted from the contact metamorphism by the Nishidohira gabbroic intrusion exposed near Hase. Well-preserved growth zoning of garnet containing sillimanite inclusions in the andalusite-kyanite-sillimanite-bearing gneisses also indicates the high-temperature compression. The loading may be attributed to the overthrusting of the nearby Hitachi metamorphics onto the Nishidohira metamorphics. Such a P-T path of the Nishidohira metamorphics is similar to that of the Takanuki metamorphics in the central to southern part of the Abukuma Plateau. The widespread occurrence of texturally sector-zoned garnet in pelitic-psammitic rocks and the inferred short duration of high-temperature conditions are also in common to the Nishidohira metamorphics and the Takanuki metamorphics.

著者

石井 敬 戸田 雄大 五十嵐 信智 落合 和 杉山 清

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.132, no.3, pp.301-310, 2012 (Released:2012-03-01)

参考文献数

36

被引用文献数

2 14

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Living organisms eliminate foreign low-antigenic substances, such as drugs and environmental pollutants, by detoxification mediated by metabolizing cytochrome P450 (CYP). We have examined the possible regulation of CYP expression by enteric bacteria. Cyp mRNA expression levels, Cyp3a protein expression level, and the activity of Cyp3a in hepatic microsomal fractions were compared in germ-free (GF) and specific pathogen-free (SPF) mice. We evaluated hepatic Cyp3a11 mRNA expression levels and Cyp3a metabolic activity in GF and SPF mice after five days of antibiotic administration. The fecal levels of lithocholic acid (LCA)-producing bacteria and hepatic taurolithocholic acid (TLCA) were also measured. Cyp mRNA expression levels, Cyp3a protein expression level, and the activity of Cyp3a in SPF mice were higher than those in GF mice, indicating that enteric bacteria increases hepatic Cyp3a expression. The effects of enteric bacteria-reducing antibiotics on Cyp3a expression were examined. We observed that decreasing enteric bacteria with antibiotics in SPF mice caused a significant decrease in the hepatic Cyp3a11 mRNA expression, TLCA, and fecal LCA-producing bacteria compared to the group that did not receive antibiotics. No change in Cyp3a11 expression was observed in GF mice that were treated with antibiotics. Administration of LCA to GF mice showed an increase in Cyp3a11 expression similar to that of SPF mice. The enzymes of the enteric bacteria are believed to metabolize and detoxify drugs by either reduction or hydrolysis. The results of this study indicate that changes in enteric bacteria may alter the expression and activity of hepatic drug metabolizing enzymes and pharmacokinetics. Therefore, enteric bacteria should be closely monitored to ensure the safe use of drugs.