著者

山村 亜希

出版者

The Human Geographical Society of Japan

雑誌

人文地理 (ISSN:00187216)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.6, pp.576-596, 2002-12-28 (Released:2009-04-28)

参考文献数

122

---

Many historians and archaeologists have studied the spatial structures of early medieval cities and they have proposed two different ideas. Some studies have insisted that the spaces of early medieval cities consisted of complex and decentralized structures. On the other hand, some researchers have taken the spaces of the cities to embody a concentric circle model consisting of a 'center' and a 'periphery'. They have represented the model as follows; the locally powerful in early medieval cities had complete control over the 'center' of cities, but they could not control the people and economic and religious functions on the 'periphery' of cities. Most studies have accepted both of these ideas without question. However, there is a significant difference between the two ideas, since they might not be applied to the same spatial structures simultaneously. The purpose of this paper is to re-examine the ideas of the spatial structure of early medieval cities and reveal the structures.To accomplish this task, this paper focuses on the case of Bungo Kokufu, which is represented in a set of laws promulgated in the 13th century. The laws are quite famous among historians because they apparently suggest the existence of a prosperous town and the strong influence of the locally powerful over the center of the city. For that reason, Bungo Kokufu has been regarded as a typical city embodying the model of 'center' and 'periphery'. Most researchers believe that the suggested image of the city is the real spatial structure of Bungo Kokufu, and have too easily applied the image of Bungo Kokufu to the other early medieval cities. However, it has not been substantiated whether the image corresponds to the real spatial structure. This paper aims to reconstruct the real morphology and function of Bungo Kokufu in the 13th century without relying on the image of the laws.The second section of the paper sets forth the distribution of the facilities and functions of Bungo Kokufu and examines the changing process of morphology and function in medieval times. Before the laws were promulgated, there were two separate areas in the cities. One was a political and religious area which inherited the function of the ancient local government, and the other was an important outer port for the political area. Facilities such as shrines, temples and residences were located near those two areas and some local warriors and shrines came to power in those two areas. The locally powerful Otomo, who promulgated the laws, had not yet controlled the whole city. The real spatial structure in the 13th century was complex and decentralized. After the laws were promulgated, the distribution of facilities expanded towards the natural levee of the Oita river, but the basic spatial structure did not change. Otomo had started to control the political and harbor functions, but many other locally powerful stubbornly resisted him. Otomo still could not have a strong influence over the city. The prosperous and active town as represented in the laws actually developed only after 16th century. In the end, total control over the city by Otomo was not been achieved in medieval times. That is to say, the real spatial structure and actual status of power of Otomo was different from the image suggested in laws.So, why were such laws promulgated by Otomo? The third section shows the purpose of the laws, examining the political and social contexts of the 13th century where Otomo is situated. The Otomo clan was high-ranking bureaucracy of the Kamakura shogunate, and it originally ruled the lands and economic bases near Kamakura, which was apart from Bungo. Since the late 12th century, Otomo had been given the right to control Bungo from the shogunate, but Otomo still had been working at the capitals, Kyo and Kamakura, as an elite bureaucracy without living in Bungo. In the mid 13th century, the political situation changed.

著者

平井 松午 鳴海 邦匡 藤田 裕嗣 礒永 和貴 渡邊 秀一 田中 耕市 出田 和久 山村 亜希 小田 匡保 土平 博 天野 太郎 上杉 和央 南出 眞助 川口 洋 堀 健彦 小野寺 淳 塚本 章宏 渡辺 理絵 阿部 俊夫 角屋 由美子 永井 博 渡部 浩二 野積 正吉 額田 雅裕 宮崎 良美 来見田 博基 大矢 幸雄 根津 寿夫 平井 義人 岡村 一幸 富田 紘次 安里 進 崎原 恭子 長谷川 奨悟

出版者

徳島大学

雑誌

基盤研究(A)

巻号頁・発行日

2013-10-21

---

本研究では、城下町絵図や居住者である侍・町人の歴史資料をもとに、近世城下町のGIS図を作成し、城下町の土地利用や居住者の変化を分析した。研究対象としたのは米沢、水戸、新発田、徳島、松江、佐賀など日本の約10ヵ所の城下町である。その結果、侍屋敷や町屋地区の居住者を個別に確定し地図化することで、居住者の異動や土地利用の変化を把握することが可能となった。その点で、GISを用いた本研究は城下町研究に新たな研究手法を提示することができた。

著者

遠山 一郎 丸山 裕美子 久冨木原 玲 中根 千絵 宮崎 真素美 山村 亜希 犬飼 隆 桐原 千文 下村 信博 山口 俊雄 福澤 将樹 高橋 亨 吉田 永弘 小谷 成子

出版者

愛知県立大学

雑誌

基盤研究(S)

巻号頁・発行日

2007

---

古代から近代に渡り、戦が文化・文物に影響したさまを広く研究し、中国・朝鮮との関わり、さらにヨーロッパとの比較の視点をも取り入れて、総合的な研究を実現した。2007年から2011年の5年間にわたって催した研究集会・講演会、文物の展示会、伝統芸能の実演によって約2, 200名の参加を得、学術研究を広く地域の人々とも共有するという当初の狙いを具体化した。これらの成果をもとに単行本5冊と、語りの実演にその語りの本文に索引を付けたDVD1つを刊行し、研究集会と伝統芸能の映像記録も2つのDVDに残した。

著者

山村 亜希

出版者

京都大学 (Kyoto University)

巻号頁・発行日

2001-03-23

---

新制・課程博士

著者

山村 亜希

出版者

京都大学

巻号頁・発行日

2001

---

博士論文

著者

山村 亜希

出版者

The Human Geographical Society of Japan

雑誌

人文地理 (ISSN:00187216)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.3, pp.217-237, 2000-06-28 (Released:2009-04-28)

参考文献数

93

---

Many studies of medieval Kokufu regarded the provincial constable's spatial control as a principal issue. They often equated spatial cognition, either of the provincial constable or of the town's people in opposition to it, with real spatial structure. Some studies concluded that provincial constables had reorganized ancient Kokufu into their provincial capitals, consequentially emphasizing the differences between medieval and ancient Kokufu.However, it is more likely that people living in medieval Kokufu were separated by class and various occupations and powers, and that the interaction of these factors affected spatial form and structure. The actual space within medieval Kokufu did not always correspond to the intentions or conceptualizations of one actor like a provincial constable. Furthermore, referring to recent studies on ancient Kokufu, the heritage of the structure of ancient Kokufu may be an important component of medieval Kokufu.This paper aims to reconstruct the morphology and function of Kokufu in the fourteenth century and to examine the social relationships among its people and to clarify the spatial structure, comparing it with ancient times. A medieval map is presented which illustrates a local power conceptualization of medieval Kokufu and the paper discusses the relationship between the real and perceived world. The example selected for this paper is Nagato Kokufu, which is shown on the medieval map, "Shrine Grounds Map of Iminomiya".The second section of the paper shows the direction and pattern of roads and allotments and the distribution of facilities and then examines the transformation of local powers. The ancient frameworks of the structure of Kokufu, consisting of the pattern of roads, allotments and facilities were maintained until the fourteenth century. Moreover, the awareness of ancient Kokufu frameworks was also preserved, and in part was even strengthened. At that time, the central government was unstable because of the struggles between warriors and Emperors. The Iminomiya Shrine had always been given financial guarantees from the provincial constable, Shugo, and the Kamakura or Muromachi shogunates. The Iminomiya had inherited the powers and officials of the Kokuga, which succeeded the ancient Kokufu government. Kokubunji Temple, which was established during the eighth century but had declined, recovered its land, relying on the traditional power of the Emperors in the fourteenth century. Shugo, always closely related with Iminomiya, continued as an independent local power. The locational patterns of these important facilities were similar to those of departmental facilities in ancient times. Other social groups also enjoyed a close relationship with the central polity in Kamakura or Kyo.In the third section of the paper, an analysis of the characteristics of the Shrine Grounds Map explains why and by whom the map was made, and how the map maker's spatial cognition was represented. It must be noted that Iminomiya is situated in the context of fourteenth-century political process. The characteristics of the Grounds Map undoubtedly show that it was made by Iminomiya. However, the map does not represent the whole real landscape; for example, some of the things that existed at that time do not appear in the map, some are emphasized and yet others are understated. This points out that the Grounds Map was intended to represent Iminomiya lands and the other facilities with which the Shrine was associated. The purpose of the map was to exhibit its territories to Shugo and to obtain the constable's protection, guarantee and tax exemption. Furthermore, the Grounds Map shows that the space of medieval Kokufu, as a squared world, was surrounded by mountains and sea;

著者

山村 亜希

出版者

愛知県立大学

雑誌

愛知県立大学文学部論集. 日本文化学科編 (ISSN:13457187)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, pp.B1-B24, 2006-03-31

著者

山村 亜希 ヤマムラ A. Yamamura

雑誌

愛知県立大学文学部論集. 日本文化学科編

巻号頁・発行日

vol.56, pp.55-85, 2007

著者

山村 亜希

出版者

京都大学大学院人間・環境学研究科「地域と環境」研究会

雑誌

地域と環境 = Region and environment (ISSN:13440985)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, pp.1-23, 2016-12-28

---

尾張犬山は,戦国期から近世前期にかけて形成された城下町である。本稿ではその形成期を4時期に区分して景観復原図を作成し,空間構造の形成過程を検討した。戦国期の犬山城下町は,起源も機能も異なる複数の集落の集合体であった。豊臣期に「竪町型」町割と総構が施工されたが,機能面でも計画の首尾一貫性という点でも不完全な「総郭・竪町型」であった。近世中期にその不備が解消されて「総郭・竪町型」の城下町が完成する。

著者

仁木 宏 中井 均 本多 博之 山村 亜希 秋山 伸隆 津野 倫明 堀 新 玉井 哲雄 小野 正敏 坂井 秀弥 大澤 研一

出版者

大阪市立大学

雑誌

基盤研究(A)

巻号頁・発行日

2013-10-21

---

研究集会を合計13回開催した。各集会では、レジメ集冊子を刊行し、現地見学会を催した。毎回、10名前後の報告者に登壇いただき、それぞれの地域の特徴、全国的な視野からする最新の研究発表などがなされた。研究代表者、研究分担者だけでなく、多くの研究者の学問的な相互交流が実現し、比較研究の実をあげることができた。16世紀から17世紀初頭の城下町には地域ごとの違いが大きいことが明らかになった。先行する港町・宿、宗教都市のあり方、大名権力の性格、地形、流通・経済の発展度合いなどが城下町の空間構造や社会構造を規定した。いわゆる「豊臣大名マニュアル」の限界性にも注目することが必要である。