著者
廣田 照幸 森 直人 寺脇 研 二宮 祐 丸山 和昭 冨士原 雅弘 小野 方資 末冨 芳 佐久間 亜紀 徳久 恭子 荒井 英治郎 布村 育子 植上 一希 筒井 美紀
出版者
日本大学
雑誌
基盤研究(A)
巻号頁・発行日
2016-04-01

1、関連文献・史資料の収集・吟味:日教組の運動の範囲が多岐にわたるため、大学院生や学部生にアルバイトとして利用しながら、7つの作業グループのそれぞれの主題に沿った関連文献・史資料の収集・吟味を体系的に行った。2、日教組所蔵史料の検討と整理:研究の基礎史料を利用可能な状態にしていくため、平成29年度は過去のプロジェクトにおいてデジタル化した資料を再整理しつつ、新たに当面の研究に必要な史料を選定してデジタル化作業を行った。教育制度検討委員会(第一次・第二次)関係及び1950年代後半期の中央執行委員会プリントなどを対象にした。単組史料も部分的に行った。3、1954年の中央執行委員会の議事録に綴じ込まれた中根式速記の史料を発掘してデジタル化を行うとともに、速記解読者に依頼して、解読可能性について検討をしてもらった。4、聞き取り調査:日教組OB及び文部省OBに対し手の聞き取り調査をおこなった。記録はテープ起こしと編集作業を行い、ご本人の確認を経て、聞き取り資料として確定させた。5、全体会合:全員が集まる研究会を定期的に開催し、本研究課題に関連する分野の専門家をゲスト・スピーカーとして招聘してレクチャーを受けながら、7つの作業グループから、順次、研究報告をしてもらった。また、全体会では、研究全体の進め方について協議を行った。6、チーム会合・グループ会合:2つのチーム、7つのグループごとに、定期的な会合をもち、具体的な課題に向けた研究を進めた。7、学会発表:日本教育学会、教育史学会などにおいて研究成果の報告を行った。学会発表をふまえて、論文化に向けた打ち合わせも行っている。また、学会誌等に載りにくい主題の論考等を集めて、第一次報告書を編集・印刷した。
著者
廣田 照幸 佐久間 亜紀 筒井 美紀 徳久 恭子 荒井 英治郎 植上 一希 末冨 芳 布村 育子 森 直人 小野 方資 宇内 一文 丸山 和昭 冨士原 雅弘 長嶺 宏作 古賀 徹 岩田 考 太田 拓紀 清水 唯一朗 二宮 祐 冨士原 雅弘 佐藤 晋平 田中 真秀 金子 良事 長嶺 宏作 香川 七海 中嶋 亮太 高木 加奈絵
出版者
日本大学
雑誌
基盤研究(A)
巻号頁・発行日
2013-04-01

本研究の成果として、a)初期教育研究大会の成立と講師団選出過程、b)日教組結成から1950年までの法的な位置づけと政治的な立ち位置の変容、c)「教え子を戦場に送るな」のスローガンの成立過程、d)人材確保法の成立過程、e)日教組におけるストライキ批准体制の確立、f)1973年春闘におけるストライキ戦術と交渉の解明、g)連合加入をめぐる400日抗争の解明、h)1995年の文部省と日教組の和解のプロセス、i)国際労働運動における日教組の位置を明らかにした。以上の点から、労働運動体と教育運動体としての日教組との二重性をふまえ、日教組の多面的な運動、それぞれに与えた影響を実証的に明らかにした。
著者
末冨 芳
出版者
一般社団法人 日本教育学会
雑誌
教育学研究 (ISSN:03873161)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.79, no.2, pp.156-169, 2012

義務教育の基盤としての教育財政制度改革に求められる条件は、(1)公立学校については「面の平等」の不足を補いつつ、「個の平等」に対応していくための学校分権やナショナル・スタンダードの導入、(2)公立学校の枠組みでは保障してない教育ニーズへの対応である。また効率を重視する財政削減路線の中で、学校や教育行政のアカウンタビリティの遂行が義務教育財政の充実のために必要とされる。
著者
末冨 芳
出版者
日本高等教育学会
雑誌
高等教育研究 (ISSN:24342343)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.11, pp.207-228, 2008-05-26 (Released:2019-05-13)
参考文献数
13
被引用文献数
1

大学立地政策とは工場等制限法における大学新増設規制とともに,文部行政による設置認可や定員管理といった複合的な法・政策を意味する.本稿では大学立地政策の規制効果を検証するために,東京都所在大学を対象とし,大学の立地動向の質的分析と学部学生数および大学移転の変動に関する量的分析を行った.対象年度は1955,1965,1975,1985,1995,2005年度の6時点である. 先行研究においては日本における大学進学率の上昇とそれとともに浮上した地域間の進学機会格差,その是正のための大学地方分散の必要性といったことがらへの関心から,文部省の高等教育計画・政策に関する政策研究や,大学立地政策が大学生の地域間移動におよぼした影響の計量的評価等の分析が蓄積されてきた.ただし,大学立地政策の規制対象となった都市に中心的に着眼し,大学の立地や学生数がいかなる変動を見せてきたのか,という視点からの研究が不足しており,この分野での研究の蓄積が必要とされる状況にある. こうした課題意識のもとで,東京都に所在した大学について学部・学科・学年別に所在地と学部学生数をデータベース化し(東京都所在大学データベース),所在地に関する質的分析と,学部学生数と大学移転パターンに注目した量的分析を行った. その結果,(1)先行研究ではあきらかとはなっていなかった東京都規制対象地域における学部の新増設抑制効果は1975-85年度に顕著であったこと,(2)1995年度と2005年度データの比較から学部学生の「都心回帰」はまだ確認されないこと等が判明した.
著者
廣田 照幸 佐藤 晋平 森 直人 二宮 祐 丸山 和昭 香川 七海 冨士原 雅弘 長嶺 宏作 太田 拓紀 小野 方資 末冨 芳 神代 健彦 田中 真秀 徳久 恭子 岩田 考 宇内 一文 荒井 英治郎 金子 良事 筒井 美紀 布村 育子 古賀 徹 植上 一希
出版者
日本大学
雑誌
基盤研究(A)
巻号頁・発行日
2019-04-01

本研究は、日本教職員組合(日教組)の1950年代から1980年代末までの期間を研究対象に据え、日教組が所蔵する非公開史料の特別な利用、日教組幹部OBのヒアリングや私文書の活用により、それぞれの時期に日教組内部でどのような論争や対立があり、それが結果的に日教組の運動にどういう方向性を与えたのかを、労働運動と教育運動の両面から分析する。保守対革新、文部省対日教組という単純な2項対立の図式で描かれることが多かった日教組運動史を、多様なイデオロギーのグループ間のダイナミックな相互作用過程としてとらえ直していく。
著者
竹内 洋 稲垣 恭子 細辻 恵子 目黒 強 末冨 芳 佐藤 八寿子 細辻 恵子 目黒 強 末冨 芳 佐藤 八寿子 冨岡 勝 高山 育子 井上 好人 石井 素子 野口 剛 山口 晃子
出版者
関西大学
雑誌
基盤研究(B)
巻号頁・発行日
2006

学生生活調査や校友会誌、新聞記事、書簡集、小説などを資料として1930年代、1960年代の学生文化の転換点を明らかにした。これらの作業にもとづいて、明治期から現在にいたる学生小説の流れを確認し、代表となる学生小説を選定して各時代の特性についてまとめるとともに、学生文化の構造的変容を明らかにした。これらから、戦後日本社会における知識人界と「学問」の変容についてそのダイナミズムを描き出し、現在の社会における大学と大学界のゆらぎについて検討した。
著者
末冨 芳
出版者
日本教育社会学会
雑誌
教育社会学研究 (ISSN:03873145)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.77, pp.5-25, 2005-11-15 (Released:2011-03-18)
参考文献数
11
被引用文献数
5

Why do parents pay to have their children educated? The aim of this article is to clarify parental awareness and motives for paying for their children's education, focusing on the parents of high school and college students.Firstly, a theoretical framework is proposed for parental fund-injection behavior into their children's education. This behavior can be defined using two criteria. The first is Investment, Consumption or Gift, and the other is Child-Oriented or Parent-Oriented.Secondly, a statistical analysis is performed using survey questionnaires targeting parents of high school and college students, and the following results are obtained.1. Over 50% of parents agree with the two statements, “College life is valuable for acquiring life knowledge, ” and “Studying at university will improve a child's ability and skills.” Many parents have a strong awareness toward their children finding employment and making progress. These results demonstrate that a relatively high rate of parents have the awareness of “Child-Oriented Consumption” and “Child-Oriented Investment.”2. The results of the factor analyses are as follows. Four factors are derived from high school student's parent data: “producer of child's ability, ” “gift inter vivos, ” “necessary costs, ” “expectation of returns, ” and three factors are derived from college student's parent data: “producer of child's ability, ” “assessment of profitability, ” and “gift inter vivos.”3. The model of parents as sponsors of educational expenses can be determined from the positive and negative signs of the factor scores. The largest group of parents of high school students is the “Living Wallet”(16.1%) whose factor scores are all negative. The second largest group is the “Devoted Self-seeker”(15.4%) whose factor scores are all positive. Looking at parents of college students, the largest group is the “Devoted Self-seeker”(31.2%), and the second largest group the “Living Wallet”(29.4%).Finally, based on these findings, parents as the sponsors of educational expense can be separated into two types. One fits the theoretical framework of this article and the other does not. The motives and awareness of the first type can be explained as Investment, Consumption or Gift. However, we cannot explain the latter type, or “Living Wallet.” The motives of the “Living Wallet” do not fit within the framework developed in this paper. It is likely that they have extremely negative motivations, such as risk aversion strategies or educational expenses as insurance. Further research is necessary to clarify this issue.
著者
末冨 芳
出版者
日本教育行政学会
雑誌
日本教育行政学会年報 (ISSN:09198393)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.31, pp.133-150, 2005-10-14 (Released:2018-01-09)
被引用文献数
2

Delegation of power from the central government to local governments or each public compulsory school is now proceeding. The Ministry of Education, therewith, has emphasized "participation" of residents and parents in community. In this article, such a situation is called educational reform with decentralization. Educational reform is interesting because an austere fiscal policy is included in this decentralization and residents participation included in education reform makes an especially powerful impact on the school. From the financial perspective, this reform may benefit from allocating a limited educational budget efficiently thorough participation of residents and parents in public schools. On the other hand, residents and parents may be used as a cheap manpower to compensate for the lack of educational resources. From a political perspective, this reform may be a good opportunity to regenerate a social network in the community and empower residents, parents and children. On the other hand, this reform may stir up conflicts between residents. In this article, methods of residents and parent's cooperative management of a public school and children's education which ensure the diversity of residential and parental membership in "participation" are examined. First, in education reform with decentralization, which emphasizes the character of parents and inhabitants as "cooperative managers," the features of recent public schools which improve the adaptability to "club goods" as set up by James Buchanan is established. Therewith, it is pointed out that the limit of the "club goods" concept is in the assumption of "homogeneous membership." In theories of social science, discussion of the assumption of "homogeneous membership" is maturing. Putnam, who insists that "participation of parents and community to school improvement" is important for education in public schools and children, emphasizes the importance of "active membership." On the other hand Selle and Stromsnes criticize Putnam because a "passive member" is important to keep political pluralism as a basis of democracy. Such discussion about "membership" is important to enable us to consider how to treat various members in collective decision-making about the cooperative management of public schools and children's education. Second, quantitative feature of "active members" and "passive members" of public elementary school parents, differences of expectation level in schools between these two membership groups and factors that influence membership are grasped. As a result of this analysis, it is clear that 19.2% of parents are "active members" (205 parents) and that 25.4% are "passive members" (270 parents). Moreover, it turns out that the "passive members" have a high concern with public schools and children's education, almost at the same level as "active members." Thirdly, the method of cooperative management of public schools and in education in terms of various memberships is considered, including treatment of "passive members."
著者
末冨 芳
出版者
日本教育行政学会
雑誌
日本教育行政学会年報 (ISSN:09198393)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.34, pp.160-178, 2008-10-10 (Released:2018-01-09)
被引用文献数
1

This article aims to clarify the importance of the devolution of power and authority to schools in the Japanese educational finance system. With this goal in mind, the systems of educational finance in Japan, the United Kingdom, and Sweden are analyzed from the perspective of authority distribution between the central government, local government, and schools. "School" here is defined as public compulsory primary and secondary schools. In the United Kingdom's educational finance system, the central government has great power, while in Sweden local government is the main authority in the educational finance system, yet both countries promote reform decentralization at the school level. There is, however, the reality that in the Japanese educational finance system the school is not actually given much authority or power. Japanese elementary and secondary schools thus have many difficulties facing them in terms of acquiring adequate school budgets for school administration and effective budget allocation. In recent years, contract research by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) has shown that approximately 70-80% of Japanese head teachers feel a deficiency of budget and a lack of authority. On the other hand, MEXT has been emphasizing a policy of building up "attractive schools." Not surprisingly, this policy has not made much progress because of this lack of ultimate authority. In the international context countries such as the U.S.A., Australia, New Zealand, and various EU nations have seen decentralization at the school level in terms of teacher salaries, the right of employment, and allocation of the school budget. The actual situation of school decentralization, especially the political context in the U.K. and Sweden, are clarified here with the aim of promoting Japanese decentralization to schools. Nowadays, the Japanese government promotes not so much decentralization to schools but to local governments to build up effective and attractive schools. The importance of school-based management and budgets must therefore be recognized. Comparative analysis of the U.K, Sweden and Japan points to the importance of schools in the system of educational finance and administration. This paper first outlines the educational finance system of Japan, the U.K. and Sweden. Then the relevancy between the level of decentralization at the school level and the features of educational finance systems in general are examined. One finding is that there is little direct relevance, in terms of the level of decentralization for schools, concerning the political context of each country. The political background and context of decentralization to school are then investigated, followed by a discussion of the theoretical importance of decentralization to the school level, referring to the theory of School Based Management (SBM) and School Based Budget (SBF). Finally, the importance of the promotion of decentralization to schools, and the conditions needed to achieve this, are examined.
著者
末冨 芳
出版者
日本教育社会学会
雑誌
教育社会学研究 (ISSN:03873145)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.77, pp.5-25, 2005-11-15

Why do parents pay to have their children educated? The aim of this article is to clarify parental awareness and motives for paying for their children's education, focusing on the parents of high school and college students. Firstly, a theoretical framework is proposed for parental fund-injection behavior into their children's education. This behavior can be defined using two criteria. The first is Investment, Consumption or Gift, and the other is Child-Oriented or Parent-Oriented. Secondly, a statistical analysis is performed using survey questionnaires targeting parents of high school and college students, and the following results are obtained. 1. Over 50% of parents agree with the two statements, "College life is valuable for acquiring life knowledge, " and "Studying at university will improve a child's ability and skills." Many parents have a strong awareness toward their children finding employment and making progress. These results demonstrate that a relatively high rate of parents have the awareness of "Child-Oriented Consumption" and "Child-Oriented Investment." 2. The results of the factor analyses are as follows. Four factors are derived from high school student's parent data : "producer of child's ability, ""gift inter vivos, ""necessary costs, ""expectation of returns, " and three factors are derived from college student's parent data : "producer of child's ability, ""assessment of profitability, " and "gift inter vivos." 3. The model of parents as sponsors of educational expenses can be determined from the positive and negative signs of the factor scores. The largest group of parents of high school students is the "Living Wallet"(16.1%) whose factor scores are all negative. The second largest group is the "Devoted Self-seeker"(15.4%) whose factor scores are all positive. Looking at parents of college students, the largest group is the "Devoted Self-seeker"(31.2%), and the second largest group the "Living Wallet"(29.4%). Finally, based on these findings, parents as the sponsors of educational expense can be separated into two types. One fits the theoretical framework of this article and the other does not. The motives and awareness of the first type can be explained as Investment, Consumption or Gift. However, we cannot explain the latter type, or "Living Wallet." The motives of the "Living Wallet" do not fit within the framework developed in this paper. It is likely that they have extremely negative motivations, such as risk aversion strategies or educational expenses as insurance. Further research is necessary to clarify this issue.