著者

八木浩一 林昌仙

雑誌

デジタルプラクティス

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, no.1, pp.3-8, 2012-01-15

被引用文献数

1

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2004年の新潟県中越地震や2007年の新潟県中越沖地震など過去の震災時には,国土交通省が通行止め情報を配信するだけでなく,本田技研工業株式会社と研究機関が協力し通行実績情報を提供するなど,被災地支援に重要となる円滑な移動の確保に向けた取り組みが行われてきた.さらに大きな支援効果を生み出すにはこれらの連携が重要であり,これを実現するためには,目的・手段の明確化と,それに適したデータフォーマットの取り決め,さらには運用手順とルールの取り決めなどが求められる.東日本大震災ならびに平成23年台風第12号において,民民,官民が連携して「通行実績・道路規制情報」を初めて共同で作成し配信した.本稿では,経緯と背景,実施内容と効果について具体的な事例を挙げながら紹介する.

著者

嶋脇 聡 須田 拓也 中林 正隆 杉本 英治

出版者

一般社団法人 日本機械学会

雑誌

日本機械学会論文集 (ISSN:21879761)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.84, no.862, pp.18-00131, 2018 (Released:2018-06-25)

参考文献数

37

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The neck is an important body part that links the head and chest sections. However, very few analyses of cervical movement derived from muscle contractions have been conducted with numerical simulation. This study aimed to construct a multi-body model of the neck comprising the bones, muscles, and ligaments (including the intervertebral disc) and to apply flexion and extension movements to analyze the behavior of each cervical segment. We created bone models (including cervical vertebrae C1-C7) from X-ray computed tomography (CT) images of the upper half of the human body. Each bone model was bound by 17 types of ligaments constructed as 51 wire models. We set six types of muscles as the protagonists for neck flexion and 12 types for the neck extension. Muscle strength was defined with a parallel contraction element model and an elastic element model. The intervertebral discs represented five spring models with repulsion characteristics on compression and attraction characteristics on extension. The neck section could flex up to 38.1° and extend up to 61.0° with contraction in the flexor and extensor models. The maximum cervical segment angles on flexion and extension were measured at C0-C1 and C4-C5, and their contribution rates were 20.7% and 19.3%, respectively. Each cervical segment angle when flexing and extending closely matched the experimental results measured by other studies. The centers of rotation for cervical segments from C2-C3 to C4-C5 on maximum flexion were different from those in previous experimental result. This may be because of the settings pertaining to the interspinous ligament, nuchal ligament and supraspinous ligament. On the other hand, our results for maximum extension were consistent with past experimental result. An improved neck model will allow the analysis of cervical segment movement through the joint restrictions based on damage to the ligaments and muscles or arthrodesis when flexing and extending.

著者

東海林 諭 切石 薫 大風 翼 持田 灯

出版者

一般社団法人日本建築学会

雑誌

学術講演梗概集 (ISSN:18839363)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2015, pp.701-702, 2015-09-04

著者

梅林 薫 蝶間林 利男 辻田 純三

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

日本体育学会大会号 第45回(1994) (ISSN:24330183)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.550, 1994-08-25 (Released:2017-08-25)

著者

西村 圭子 種市 康太郎 Keiko NISHIMURA Kotaro TANEICHI 桜美林大学臨床心理学専攻(修了) 桜美林大学

雑誌

心理学研究 : 健康心理学専攻・臨床心理学専攻 = Study of psychology : health psychology and clinical psychology (ISSN:21859957)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, pp.46-60, 2011-03-20

著者

若林 満 WAKABAYASHI Mitsuru 後藤 宗理 GOTO Motomichi 鹿内 啓子 SHIKANAI Keiko

出版者

名古屋大学教育学部

雑誌

名古屋大學教育學部紀要. 教育心理学科 (ISSN:03874796)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, pp.63-98, 1983-12-24

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The present study is aimed at exploring complex relationships between aspects of self concept, occupational attitudes and occupational choice itself. For this purpose, a set of instruments for measuring self concept and occupational attitudes were developed, based on subjects who were consisted of 875 female junior college students majoring in three different fields of professionalization: kindergartners (n=393), hospital nurses (n=227) and nonprofessional, humanity course students (n=255). They were asked to respond the questionnaire which contained 8 instruments stated as follows. (1) Occupational readiness included 30 statements regarding student's readiness for initiating her occupational life. Subjects rated each one by using a 4-point scale. A composite occupational readiness scale was created by combining 21 items selected by a series of item analyses. (2) The job orientation instrument consisted of 30 items which subjects might want to have as important goals or conditions for their occupations. They were asked to rate each one by using a 5-point scale. This instrument produced 3 orthogonal factors that were labelled as job challenge, human relations and working conditions respectively. (3) The student self-image included 23 adjectives each with a 7-point scale. This instrument produced masculinity and feminimity (M-F) scales by combining a set of adjectives identified to have a stereotyped masculine and a feminine character respectively. (4) Self-evaluated competence consisted of 22 ability dimensions considered to be necessary to lead an occupational life. Subjects were asked to evaluate themselves and to give ratings on each dimension by using a 7-point scale. This instrument produced 3 orthogonal factors labelled as competency, harmoniousness and reliability. (5) Occupational self-image was measured based on the 20 adjective pairs that were presented with a semantic differential format. This instrument was reduced to two composite scales, potency and affinity scales, by combining relevant SD scales. (6) The social-role attitude included 15 statements regarding roles of women in the society, and subjects were asked to rate each one by using a 7-point scale. All items were integrated into a single composite scale named equality in social roles. (7) Satisfaction with college life was measured by using 6 items based on a 7-point scale. (8) Career choice used a single item that asked subject's determination to continue an occupational career life. (9) Finally, the choice of occupation asked subjects to state occupational titles they wanted to be in after graduating from the college, together with the perceived probability (in percentage) of their actually engaging in those occupations. Major results of the analyses conducted by using composite scales described above can be summarized as follows. (1) Inter-correlations among 8 subscales of self concet (masculinity, femininity, competency, harmoniousness, reliability, potency, affinity, and equality in roles) were found all positive and mostly significant statistically. The same pattern of correlations was observed across three subject groups. (2) Correlation coefficients among 4 occupational attitude scales (occupational readiness, job challenges, human relations, working conditions) were found also high and statistically significant. However, the pattern of correlations for the nonprofessional, humanity course students showed an important difference compared to the students in other professionalized fields: kindergartner and nurse students. (3) Some aspects of self concept, particularly potency, mascurinity and role equality scales, showed a strong association with the achievement-oriented occupational scales, i.e., occupational readiness and job challenge. On the other hand, harmoniousness and affinity aspects of self concept showed significant correlations with human relations in job orientation. In addition, the femininity scale was found closely associated with orientation to working conditions. By cross-tabulating the dichotomized masculinity and femininity scales, the following 4 sex-role types were created: high masculinity - high femininity (M-F or androgynous) type, high masculinity - low femininity (Mf or masculine) type, low masculinity - high femininity (mF or feminine) type, and low masculinity and low femininity (mf of undifferentiated) type. Multiple comparisons were attempted based on these four groups with respect to aspects of self concept and occupational scales. Results of the analysis can be summarized as follows. (1) The androgynous, MF type students were shown as having the highest scores on both self conectp and occupational scales, while the undifferentiated, mf type students scored the lowest on these scales. (2) The MF and Mf type students showed the high scores on masculinity,'competency and potency scales, while the MF and mF type students showed high scores on femininity, harmoniousness, reliability and affinity scales. (3) The MF and Mf groups were found to have high scores on occupational readiness and job challenge scales, compared to their mF and mf type colleagues. These results suggest that the masculinity dimension within the female student's ego identity provides the strong basis upon which positive self concept and occupational attitudes can be developed. The relationship between self concept scales and occupational attitude scales was explored more extensively by using the canonical correlation analysis. Three canonical solusions were found statistially significant. The first canonical variate represented the interrelations between competence in self concept (masculinity) and self-actualization in occupation (high job challenge and occupational readiness). The second variate reflected close relationship between harmoniousness in self concept and human relations orientation in occupation. The third variate indicated an association between feminine self concept and orientation to the working conditions in one's occupational life. Additional analyses were attempted to further examine relationships between self concept and occupational attitude scales. First, on the basis of occupational readiness scores, subjects were divided into three subgroups: high, mid and low readiness groups. It was found that the high readiness group showed also high scores on job challenge orientation, masculinity, potent self-image and self-evaluated competency, followed by the mid and low readiness groups. Second, those who reported strong willingness to continue occupational lives were found to show the same pattern of results as exhibited by the readiness analysis. Third, on the basis of probability that the student would be engaged in the liked occupation, subjects were divided into the high, mid and low probability groups. Comparisons between these groups indicated that among kindergartener students the high probability group tends to show high occupational challenge, positive self-image and high evaluation of one's abilities. However, among non-professional, humanity students results were opposite: the low probability group showed high challenge and support for equality in social roles. In conclusion, results of the present study provided strong supportive evidence to the notion that there exists close relationships between aspects of self concept and occupational attitudes and orientations. However, the pattern of correlations between the two sets of scales were found somewhat different depending upon differences in the field of professionalization from which our female junior college subjects were derived. Therefore, it is suggested that to understand occupational choice processes among female college students, examination of the difference in contents of occupational socialization within the educational institution needs to be done, based on the longitudinal monitoring of choice processes over time.

著者

古林 卓嗣

出版者

一般社団法人 日本機械学会

雑誌

日本機械学会論文集 C編 (ISSN:03875024)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.641, pp.306-313, 2000-01-25 (Released:2008-02-26)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

1 1

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A numerical study of self-acting gas-lubricated wave journal bearings is presented for their dynamic performances : HFW(self-excited half-frequency whirl)stability and dynamic response of an out-of-balance rotor. The study is conducted under practical operating conditions by means of a nonlinear orbit approach. Numerical examples of wave bearings are compared with those of herringbone-grooved bearings, and it is found that wave bearings give relatively favorable dynamic performances. Considering both HFW stability and dynamic stiffness, three-wave bearings are recommended for a practical use. However, it should be pointed out that HFW stability of wave bearings is quite sensitive to the wave amplitude, and also the synchronous orbit geometry of an unbalanced rotor supported on a wave bearing can be complicated out of plain circle.

著者

古林 卓嗣

出版者

公益社団法人 精密工学会

雑誌

精密工学会誌 (ISSN:09120289)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, no.7, pp.1059-1062, 2001-07-05 (Released:2009-04-10)

参考文献数

33

被引用文献数

1

著者

古林 卓嗣

出版者

一般社団法人 日本機械学会

雑誌

日本機械学会論文集 C編 (ISSN:03875024)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.604, pp.4636-4643, 1996-12-25 (Released:2008-02-26)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

1 1

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A multigrid method has been introduced as a fast alternative to conventional relaxation methods for obtaining a solution to the Reynolds equation for self-acting gas-lubricated bearings. This paper verifies the procedure applied to both static and time-dependent dynamic analyses of plain-cylindrical journal bearings. The method gives successful results with less computational effort compared with single grid-oriented iterative methods. In addition, the new approach does not require a trial and error process to optimize the overrelaxation parameter unlike a successive overrelaxation method. The nonlinear orbit method which is an accurate but time-consuming transient analysis is expected to be reduced to a handy design tool for a complicated bearing system on incorporating the multigrid technique.

著者

古林 卓嗣

出版者

一般社団法人 日本機械学会

雑誌

日本機械学会論文集 C編 (ISSN:03875024)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.629, pp.330-336, 1999-01-25 (Released:2008-02-26)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

1 1

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Both experimental and numerical studies are conducted on half-frequency whirl (HFW) stability of axially-grooved self-acting gas-lubricated journal bearings. The studies demonstrate that 8-grooved bearings are unconditionally unstable with usual bearing clearance and rotational speed. On the other hand, 2 grooved bearings operate stably at relatively low values of bearing number which are obtained with usual clearance and speed. The physics of HFW stability is attributed to the pressure distribution geometry. Further, as a result of extensive numerical simulations, it is found that 3 grooved bearings with groove width ratio to total width of 0.3 through 0.5 give favorable stability performance.

著者

古林 卓嗣

出版者

公益社団法人 精密工学会

雑誌

精密工学会誌 (ISSN:09120289)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.75, no.1, pp.130-131, 2009-01-05 (Released:2010-11-30)

参考文献数

6

著者

古林 卓嗣

出版者

京都大学

巻号頁・発行日

2001

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論工博第3559号

著者

逸見 明臣 高木 貞夫 谷口 守男 竹内 蔦吉 花輪 恒夫 森塚 長之助 大崎 雅夫 野田 順三郎 原 義博 林 繁雄

出版者

社団法人日本獣医学会

雑誌

日本獸醫學雜誌 (ISSN:00215295)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, 1972-12-25

著者

竹内 蔦吉 花輪 恒夫 森塚 長之助 木崎 雅夫 野田 順三郎 原 義博 林 繁雄 浅見 忠文 柿沼 誠一 渡辺 文男 平野 公夫 谷口 守男 渡辺 敏 逸見 明臣

出版者

社団法人日本獣医学会

雑誌

日本獸醫學雜誌 (ISSN:00215295)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, 1972-12-25

著者

佐藤 陽治 岩本 淳 久保田 秀明 道上 静香 梅林 薫

出版者

学習院大学

雑誌

学習院大学スポーツ・健康科学センター紀要 (ISSN:13447521)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, pp.25-34, 2000-02

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Tennis used to be estimated that the exercise intencity was within the AT (Anaerobic Threshold) level formerly according to the preceding studies. There were, however, some reports which indicated that the playing load of modern tennis often overpassed the onset of blood lactate accumulation(OBLA). One of the possible explanations for exceeding the AT level in modern tennis is that the tempo of modern tennis may be rapider than before. Therfore, the present study was desighned to measure and compare the time between one ground stroke and next one in the tennis games respectively at 80's and the present, 1998-1999. The following results, statistically significant at 5% level, were obtained. 1)The rally (ground stroke) tempo at the present, 1998-1999 was rapider than 80's. without distinction of sex, 0.30(sec) in female, 0.14(sec) in male. 2)The rally (ground stroke) tempo of the net player was rapider than baseliner without distinction of sex, 0.20〜0.30(sec) in female at 80's, 0.18〜0.24(sec) in male at 80's, 0.06(sec) in male at 1999. 3)The rally (ground stroke) tempo in female at 80's was approximately 1.61 (sec) and it was 0.16(sec) slower than the tempo in male. The rally (ground stroke) tempo in female at the present, 1999 was equal to the tempo in male. The general conclusions drawn from these data is that the rally (ground stroke) tempo accelerating in modern tennis reinforces the intencity of exercise in tennis.

著者

小林 正法 大竹 恵子

出版者

日本パーソナリティ心理学会

雑誌

パーソナリティ研究 (ISSN:13488406)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.27.2.6, (Released:2018-07-23)

参考文献数

11

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Nostalgia is defined as “a sentimental longing or wistful reflection for the past.” This study examined the individual differences on the effect of emotions on music-evoked nostalgia. The study focused on traits associated with positive and negative emotions, specifically, dysphoria and subjective happiness. Participants listened to nostalgic music before and after responding to a questionnaire measuring traits and mood states. Results showed that the degree of music-evoked nostalgia was reduced only when levels of dysphoria and subjective happiness were both low. This is the first study to demonstrate the relationship between nostalgia evoked by music, and traits associated with positive emotion.

著者

泰地 美沙子 山崎 俊正 河原 一樹 元岡 大祐 中村 昇太 豊島 正 大久保 忠恭 小林 祐次 西内 祐二

出版者

天然有機化合物討論会実行委員会

雑誌

天然有機化合物討論会講演要旨集

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, pp.199-204, 2011

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Marinostatin (MST) isolated from a marine organism is a serine protease inhibitor consisting of 12 amino acids with two internal ester linkages formed between the β-hydroxyl and (β-carboxyl groups, Thr^3-Asp^9 and Ser^8-Asp^<11>. MST was synthesized by regioselective intramolecular esterification employing two sets of orthogonally removable side chain protecting groups for Ser/Thr and Asp. SAR study revealed that the ester linkage with Thr^3-Asp^9, the cis-conformation at Pro^7 and the N-terminal Phe^1-Ala^2 are the structural requirements for expression of the inhibitory activity. These findings were also supported by analyzing the solution and enzyme-bound structures of MST. Of particular note is that cis-Pro^7 may promote the internal hydrogen bond between the NH proton of Are and the carbonyl oxygen atom of the ester linkage with Thr^3-Asp^9 to protect its scissile bond of Met^4-Arg^5. This could be responsible for enhancing the potency. To elucidate the importance of backbone conformation at position 7, 16 and cis/trans-olefin analogs 17/18, in which cis/trans-olefins are substituted for the amide bond of Tyr^6-Ala^7, were synthesized. Although Ala^7 in 16 takes a trans-conformation in the solution structure, it takes a cis-conformation in the enzyme-bound structure. This implies that Ala^7 would isomerize from a trans to cis conformation when it binds to an enzyme, resulting in a certain inhibitory potency. However, the trans-olefin analog 18 lost the potency while the cis-olefin analog 17 displayed almost the same potency as that of MST. These results clearly indicated that the cis-conformation at position 7 is indispensable for binding to an enzyme in a canonical manner. By applying the structural motif of MST, we were able to rationally design protease inhibitory specificities that differed from those of the natural product.

著者

今西 平 梅林 薫

出版者

大阪体育大学

雑誌

大阪体育大学紀要 (ISSN:02891190)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, pp.27-35, 2008-03

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本研究は、期分けトレーニングとして典型的なモデルとされる線状期分けモデル(LP)と波状期分けモデル(UP)を競技選手(大学テニス選手)に適用し、トレーニング効果を身体組成、筋力、筋肉痛・疲労感を測定・調査してその特徴を比較した。その結果、身体組成では両部で体脂肪率が有意に低下したが、その要因にはLPでは除脂肪体重の増加、UPでは体重(除脂肪体重以外の体組織)の減少が考えられ、それぞれのトレーニング方式で特徴がみられた。トレーニング期間中の筋肉痛や疲労感の調査では、LPの方がUPよりも心的影響が小さいことが示された。筋力測定では、動的・静的筋力の改善に両部で違いはなかったが、筋パワーの改善はUPの方がLPよりも効果的であることが示された。これらのことから、短期間での筋力改善のためにはUPの方がLPよりも望ましいトレーニング方式であることが示唆された。

著者

大坪 慶輔 金兼 弘和 小林 一郎 宮脇 利男

出版者

日本臨床免疫学会

雑誌

日本臨床免疫学会会誌 (ISSN:09114300)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.4, pp.196-206, 2010 (Released:2010-08-31)

参考文献数

66

被引用文献数

5 4

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免疫系には免疫抑制機能に特化した制御性T細胞(Treg)とよばれる少数のCD4+CD25+ T細胞サブセットが存在する.この細胞は,自己免疫やアレルギー,炎症といった過剰な免疫反応を抑制して免疫恒常性の維持において非常に重要な役割を果たしている.Tregのマスター遺伝子としてFOXP3遺伝子が機能するという発見により,Tregの生理的意義が明確に証明され,その発生・分化と抑制機能の分子メカニズムを解明するうえで重要な進歩がもたらされた.   このTregの欠損や機能低下によって生じる疾患がIPEX (immune dysregulation, polyendocrinopathy, enteropathy, and X-linked)症候群である.この疾患は,I 型糖尿病や甲状腺機能低下症などの多発性内分泌異常,難治性下痢などを主症状とし,さらには自己免疫性と考えられる貧血,血小板減少,腎炎など多彩な症状を呈する.   現在まで報告されているIPEX症候群の臨床像,分子学的異常とヒトTreg細胞の機能に関して概説する.

著者

武森 真由美 坂牧 成恵 貞升 友紀 植松 洋子 門間 公夫 新藤 哲也 小林 千種

出版者

公益社団法人 日本食品衛生学会

雑誌

食品衛生学雑誌 (ISSN:00156426)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.3, pp.99-105, 2018-06-25 (Released:2018-07-21)

参考文献数

7

被引用文献数

1

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HPLCおよびLC-MS/MSを用いた食品中のエリスリトール,マルチトール,ラクチトールおよびトレハロースの分析法を開発した.HPLC分析では,アミノ基結合型ポリマーカラムを用い,カラム温度を室温とすることで定量することが可能になった.LC-MS/MSでは,SRMモードにより定量・確認を行うことができた.また,試験溶液を1,000倍以上に希釈することで,試料由来のマトリックスによる影響を抑えられた.紅茶飲料,ゼリー,ラムネ菓子およびチョコレートを用いた添加回収試験の結果,回収率はいずれもHPLCで90%以上(CV≦6.1%),LC-MS/MSで94%以上(CV≦4.8%)であった.クッキーについては,まず水で抽出してからエタノールを加えることで,HPLCで回収率83%以上(CV≦4.1%),LC-MS/MSで回収率90%以上(CV≦3.0%)と良好な結果が得られた.