2 0 0 0 OA 416. 正常歩行における歩行速度、歩行率、歩幅の相互関係
- 著者
- 関屋 曻 長崎 浩 伊東 元 古名 丈人
- 出版者
- 公益社団法人 日本理学療法士協会
- 雑誌
- 理学療法学Supplement Vol.21 Suppl. No.2(第29回日本理学療法士学会誌 第21巻学会特別号 No.2)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- pp.416, 1994-04-01 (Released:2017-07-24)
2 0 0 0 日本人のアライメントの正常値—頸椎
- 著者
- 鈴木 秀和 遠藤 健司 松岡 佑嗣 西村 浩輔 関 健 堀江 真司 前川 麻人 小西 隆允 山本 謙吾
- 出版者
- 三輪書店
- 雑誌
- 脊椎脊髄ジャーナル (ISSN:09144412)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.30, no.4, pp.265-269, 2017-04-25
はじめに 成人脊柱変形患者は社会の高齢化に伴い増加し,脊椎矢状面アライメントに関する知見の重要性は増している.加齢による姿勢変化は,胸椎が後弯化し頸椎前弯が増強する傾向にあり,頸椎症の発症に大きく関与することが知られているが1,2,13),骨盤を含めた全脊椎アライメントと頸椎アライメントに関する定量的解析は多くなされていない.頸椎形態は,直線状,S字状,すべりの存在など多様性があり,頸椎前弯の計測法にもさまざまなものがある6).C2-7角は,途中の形態が不明となり前弯の形成の程度が不明となるため,C2-7角で頸椎矢状面アライメントを述べることにも問題があるといわれてきた9).また,頸椎矢状面アライメントは年齢,性差や個体差があるため,正常の定義,病的アライメントの解釈を明確に決めることは難しい11).1968年,石原8)は頸椎弯曲指数(石原指数)を用いて頸椎アライメントの性差,年代による変化があることを述べた7,8)が,徐々に,全脊椎矢状面アライメントとの関連が明らかになり,頸椎アライメントの概念は変化しつつある.近年,日本人を対象にYukawaらは626人の性別,年代別に全脊椎矢状面アライメント計測と,1,200人の頸椎矢状面アライメントと頸椎可動域(range of motion:ROM)を示した11,12).頸椎前弯の消失や後弯発生は,C2-7sagittal vertical axis(SVA)やT1椎体の傾斜と大きな関連があり,頸椎症発生は隣接脊椎のアライメントに強く影響を受ける2,4).本稿では,日本人のデータより得られた健常人の頸椎矢状面アライメントと全脊椎矢状面アライメントとの関係について述べる.
- 著者
- 井関 正久
- 出版者
- 一般財団法人 日本国際政治学会
- 雑誌
- 国際政治 (ISSN:04542215)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.2001, no.126, pp.169-184,L19, 2001
East and West Germany were in a turbulent period in the 1960s. On the one hand the building of the Berlin Wall in 1961 determined the division of both German states and symbolized East-West tensions. On the other hand the first postwar generation that criticized the Nazi generation began protest actions against the establishment. “1968” was a symbolic date for the protest movements of the 1960s in both German states.<br>Today, “1968” is the focus of public attention again because the parties of the “sixty-eighters”, the “Greens”, have become the ruling parties as partners of the Social Democrats. The protagonists of “1968” seized the authority and are now on the side of the establishment. But some young people of the post cold war generation tend to look for an alternative to the “sixty-eighters” and call themselves the “eighty-niners”.<br>In the 1960s the generation conflict became a social phenomena and caused the student revolt in West Germany. Students pursued not only the reform of the universities but also the democratization of society as a whole. They were the main actors in the extra parliamentary opposition and sought out political coalitions with labor unions and pacifists to oppose the passing of the Emergency Law. The antiauthoritarian movement formed a new political public space in which everyday life was politicized. The sixty-eighters in West Germany were the main actors of the “new social movements” in the 1970s and initiators of the “Greens”. They brought the idea of grass-roots democracy, feminism and ecology to parliaments and constantly changed the political culture.<br>In East Germany there were also protest activities in the 1960s, in spite of suppression by the state. Under the influence of western subculture and student movements in West Germany the postwar generation opposed the cultural policies of the SED. During the ‘Prague Spring’ in 1968, hopes of democratization of socialism rose in East Germany also. The Soviet repression of the Prague Spring brought about different protest activities, which were immediately put down by the police. The sixty-eighters in East Germany organized political alternative movements through the 1980s and formed several civic groups like New Forum in the autumn of 1989. They were also the initiators of Round Table as a dialogue forum, which symbolized the “peaceful revolution”.<br>The German protest movements in the 1960s contributed to forming the current democratic political culture. Since then public space has been made the place of political participation and social learning. Therefore, “1968” can be regarded as the beginning of the long democratization and emancipation process of German society.
2 0 0 0 OA 社交不安傾向者の目標設定がパフォーマンスに関する認知に与える影響
- 著者
- 立花 美紀 前田 駿太 田中 佑樹 佐藤 友哉 嶋田 洋徳 小関 俊祐
- 出版者
- 公益財団法人 パブリックヘルスリサーチセンター
- 雑誌
- ストレス科学研究 (ISSN:13419986)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- pp.2016001, (Released:2016-10-28)
- 参考文献数
- 13
The purpose of this study was to investigate the influences of attainable goal-setting on speech-related cognition in socially anxious individuals. Forty undergraduates completed 2 speech tasks, and we examined changes in speech-related cognition depending on the presence or absence of goal-setting. Participants in the goal-setting condition set attainable goals for speech tasks using worksheets by themselves, and participants in the control condition completed arithmetic tasks. Unexpectedly, in the control condition, perceived social standards in those with a high level of social anxiety were attenuated. In addition, state anxiety after speech tasks decreased in the control condition regardless of social anxiety. These findings suggest that goal-setting in the method of this study led to an increase of perceived social standards and state anxiety.
2 0 0 0 OA 厳密な浮動小数点演算セマンティクスのJava実行時コンパイラへの実装
- 著者
- 首藤 一幸 関口 智嗣 村岡 洋一
- 雑誌
- 情報処理学会論文誌 (ISSN:18827764)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.44, no.6, pp.1570-1582, 2003-06-15
IA-32プロセッサは,IEEE 754準拠であるにもかかわらず,ある浮動小数点演算に対して他のプロセッサとは異なる結果を返す.IA-32プロセッサ上で他のプロセッサと同一の演算結果を得るための対処をJava Just-in-Timeコンパイラに実装した.倍精度数の演算ではストア--リロードとスケーリングを行う必要があるが,単精度数の演算では丸め精度を倍精度としたままストア--リロードだけ行えば十分であることが明らかになった.また,いくつかの実装方法について性能への影響を調べたところ,スケーリング専用命令ではなく乗算命令を用いることで性能の低下幅は約40%にまで抑えられることが分かった.
2 0 0 0 OA 今鏡読本 : 校定 一名・続世継
2 0 0 0 OA 有職故実辞典
- 著者
- 関根正直, 加藤貞次郎 共著
- 出版者
- 照林堂書店
- 巻号頁・発行日
- 1943
- 著者
- 関根 剛 小川 捷之
- 出版者
- 横浜国立大学
- 雑誌
- 横浜国立大学教育紀要 (ISSN:05135656)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.25, pp.127-139, 1985-10-30
The purpose of this study is to discuss archetypal dreams and their relations to the dreamers personalities. A questionaire consisting of questions related to the frequency of dream recall and one's interest in dreams and a section for describing freely one's vividest dreams was given to 156 female university students. At the same time MBTI (Myers-Briggs Type Indicator) for Jung's typology was also given to them. To determine whether or not it was archetypal, each dream was rated on the basis of the four criteria of the Archetypal Dream Scale composed by Kluger (1975). The following 4 points were discussed: (1) The frequency of occurence of control dreams and vivid dreams; Kluger's study was followed in part. (2) The relation between collected archetypal dreams and the functions of personalities in Jung's theory. (3) The relation between the frequency of dream recall and functions of personalities or occurence of archetypal dreams. (4) The relation between the subjects' interest in dreams and functions of personalities or occurence of archetypal dreams. The results were as follows: (1) Vivid dreams were significantly (p<.001) more archetypal than control dreams. (2) The occurence of archetypal dreams had a close relation to Perceiving (Irrational function), especially Intuition in it. Those who had archetypal dreams were superior in their Perceiving and Intuition to those who did not have any archetypal dreams. (3) The frequency of dream recall had a certain relation to Judging (Rational function) and no relations to the occurence of archetypal dreams. Those who had a high frequency of dream recall were superior in Thinking to those who had a low frequency. (4) There were no relations between the degree of the interest in dreams and the function of personalities or the occurence of archetypal dreams.
2 0 0 0 IR Finite multiple polylogarithms
2 0 0 0 OA 目測による設定の精度
- 著者
- 関口 晃
- 出版者
- 公益社団法人 計測自動制御学会
- 雑誌
- 計測 (ISSN:04500024)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.8, no.10, pp.616-621, 1958-10-01 (Released:2010-01-21)
- 参考文献数
- 8
To investigate into the errors caused in setting an index by an interpolation at a certain position between 1mm graduations with an accuracy of 1/10mm, results of the calculations performed by 40 persons with slide rules were examined. In these tests, each person was requested to repeat five times a round of calculations-1/(55.0)10, 1/(55.1)10, 2/(55.2)10, ……and 1/(56.0)10. The errors caused in setting an index at each position could be estimated from the difference between the values obtained by the above method and true values. As a result of statistical treatment by means of one-way layout in analysis of the variance, it was found that the error can satisfactorily be represented in such 3 items as mean value and variance of personal biases and variance of accidental error. Obtained results are as follows: 1) Biases set at the middle position of the graduation interval and on the graduation are much smaller than those at other positions. 2) Mean values of personal biases set at various positions are symmetrically distributed to the middle position of the graduation interval and there is a tendency to set the cursor line near to the middle position. 3) Variances of personal biases set at various positions are symmetrically distributed to the middle position and are particularly large at 1/10, 2/10, 3/10, 7/10, 8/10 and 9/10 positions. 4) Accuracy in setting biases at the middle position is almost same as that on the graduation. 5) Due to the effect of training, time required for calculation gradually decreases until about 200-time operations (e.g. 1/55.1).
2 0 0 0 OA 114年間供用された旧大谷川トラス橋の実態と復元
- 著者
- 田中 宏昌 関雅 樹 阿部 英彦 野辺 武 稲葉 紀昭
- 出版者
- Japan Society of Civil Engineers
- 雑誌
- 土木史研究 (ISSN:09167293)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.20, pp.105-116, 2000-05-01 (Released:2010-06-15)
- 参考文献数
- 6
The paper deals with the pin-connected railway truss bridges, which were used for as longas 114 years across Daiyagawa River. The authors present their brief history, structuralfeatures, and deterioration of structural parts which was caused by such a long service, especially wearing of pins and holes in eye bars. Also the restoration works for preservationis described.
2 0 0 0 OA 歩行開始の制御
- 著者
- 関屋 昇
- 出版者
- 理学療法科学学会
- 雑誌
- 理学療法科学 (ISSN:13411667)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.16, no.3, pp.139-143, 2001 (Released:2001-12-27)
- 参考文献数
- 18
- 被引用文献数
- 3 2
歩行開始の運動制御を理解することは、定常歩行と同様に重要である。健常者の歩行開始は、下腿三頭筋の活動低下およびこれに続く前脛骨筋の活動により開始される。これらの筋群の作用による足圧中心の後方移動が起こって、身体が重力に引かれて前方に回転することにより、前方への重心移動が開始される。この基本パターンは年齢に関係なく一定であるが、足圧中心の後方移動は子供や高齢者では小さくなる。また、大人でも子供でも、最初の一歩の終了までに必要な時間は歩行速度には依存せず、生体力学的条件により決定される。パーキンソン病の歩行開始は、振り出し開始までの時間が延長することが特徴的である。
2 0 0 0 OA 内発的動機づけの過小評価に及ぼす事前警告の効果
- 著者
- 北神 慎司 村山 航 坂口 結香 武野 全恵 井関 紗代
- 出版者
- 日本認知心理学会
- 雑誌
- 日本認知心理学会発表論文集 日本認知心理学会第17回大会
- 巻号頁・発行日
- pp.26, 2019 (Released:2019-10-28)
メタ動機づけに関する先行研究において,金銭的報酬などの外発的動機づけを伴わない課題を行った後の内発的動機づけの自己評価に比べて,課題を行う前の予測的な自己評価が一貫して低いことがさまざまな実験によって示されている。すなわち,内発的動機づけは過小評価される傾向があることが明らかとなっており,これはメタ認知が概して不正確である知見と一致するものである。本研究では,課題前の内発的動機づけの予測的な自己評価を行う前に,「内発的動機づけが過小評価されやすい」ことを事前警告として教示することによって,過小評価が修正されうるかどうかを検討することを目的として実験を行った。その結果,事前警告の効果は現れず,課題に対する自己評価だけでなく課題成績においても内発的動機づけは過小評価されることが示された。つまり,先行研究の知見とあわせると,このような現象は極めて頑健であると考えられる。