著者

Eizo NAKAMURA Katsura KOBAYASHI Ryoji TANAKA Tak KUNIHIRO Hiroshi KITAGAWA Christian POTISZIL Tsutomu OTA Chie SAKAGUCHI Masahiro YAMANAKA Dilan M. RATNAYAKE Havishk TRIPATHI Rahul KUMAR Maya-Liliana AVRAMESCU Hidehisa TSUCHIDA Yusuke YACHI Hitoshi MIURA Masanao ABE Ryota FUKAI Shizuho FURUYA Kentaro HATAKEDA Tasuku HAYASHI Yuya HITOMI Kazuya KUMAGAI Akiko MIYAZAKI Aiko NAKATO Masahiro NISHIMURA Tatsuaki OKADA Hiromichi SOEJIMA Seiji SUGITA Ayako SUZUKI Tomohiro USUI Toru YADA Daiki YAMAMOTO Kasumi YOGATA Miwa YOSHITAKE Masahiko ARAKAWA Atsushi FUJII Masahiko HAYAKAWA Naoyuki HIRATA Naru HIRATA Rie HONDA Chikatoshi HONDA Satoshi HOSODA Yu-ichi IIJIMA Hitoshi IKEDA Masateru ISHIGURO Yoshiaki ISHIHARA Takahiro IWATA Kosuke KAWAHARA Shota KIKUCHI Kohei KITAZATO Koji MATSUMOTO Moe MATSUOKA Tatsuhiro MICHIKAMI Yuya MIMASU Akira MIURA Tomokatsu MOROTA Satoru NAKAZAWA Noriyuki NAMIKI Hirotomo NODA Rina NOGUCHI Naoko OGAWA Kazunori OGAWA Chisato OKAMOTO Go ONO Masanobu OZAKI Takanao SAIKI Naoya SAKATANI Hirotaka SAWADA Hiroki SENSHU Yuri SHIMAKI Kei SHIRAI Yuto TAKEI Hiroshi TAKEUCHI Satoshi TANAKA Eri TATSUMI Fuyuto TERUI Ryudo TSUKIZAKI Koji WADA Manabu YAMADA Tetsuya YAMADA Yukio YAMAMOTO Hajime YANO Yasuhiro YOKOTA Keisuke YOSHIHARA Makoto YOSHIKAWA Kent YOSHIKAWA Masaki FUJIMOTO Sei-ichiro WATANABE Yuichi TSUDA

出版者

The Japan Academy

雑誌

Proceedings of the Japan Academy, Series B (ISSN:03862208)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.98, no.6, pp.227-282, 2022-06-10 (Released:2022-06-10)

参考文献数

245

被引用文献数

90

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Presented here are the observations and interpretations from a comprehensive analysis of 16 representative particles returned from the C-type asteroid Ryugu by the Hayabusa2 mission. On average Ryugu particles consist of 50% phyllosilicate matrix, 41% porosity and 9% minor phases, including organic matter. The abundances of 70 elements from the particles are in close agreement with those of CI chondrites. Bulk Ryugu particles show higher δ18O, Δ17O, and ε54Cr values than CI chondrites. As such, Ryugu sampled the most primitive and least-thermally processed protosolar nebula reservoirs. Such a finding is consistent with multi-scale H-C-N isotopic compositions that are compatible with an origin for Ryugu organic matter within both the protosolar nebula and the interstellar medium. The analytical data obtained here, suggests that complex soluble organic matter formed during aqueous alteration on the Ryugu progenitor planetesimal (several 10’s of km), <2.6 Myr after CAI formation. Subsequently, the Ryugu progenitor planetesimal was fragmented and evolved into the current asteroid Ryugu through sublimation.

著者

Rie Hayashi Hiroyasu Iso Kazumasa Yamagishi Hiroshi Yatsuya Isao Saito Yoshihiro Kokubo Ehab S. Eshak Norie Sawada Shoichiro Tsugane for the Japan Public Health Center-Based (JPHC) Prospective Study Group

出版者

The Japanese Circulation Society

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.CJ-18-0842, (Released:2019-03-06)

参考文献数

43

被引用文献数

27

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Background: Evidence from prospective cohort studies regarding the relationship between working hours and risk of cardiovascular disease is limited Methods and Results: The Japan Public Health Center-Based Prospective Study Cohort II involved 15,277 men aged 40–59 years at the baseline survey in 1993. Respondents were followed up until 2012. During the median 20 years of follow up (257,229 person-years), we observed 212 cases of acute myocardial infarction and 745 stroke events. Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for sociodemographic factors, cardiovascular risk factors, and occupation showed that multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) associated with overtime work of ≥11h/day were: 1.63 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01–2.63) for acute myocardial infarction and 0.83 (95% CI 0.60–1.13) for total stroke, as compared with the reference group (working 7 to <9 h/day). In the multivariable model, increased risk of acute myocardial infarction associated with overtime work of ≥11 h/day was more evident among salaried employees (HR 2.11, 95% CI 1.03–4.35) and men aged 50–59 years (HR 2.60, 95% CI 1.42–4.77). Conclusions: Among middle-aged Japanese men, working overtime is associated with a higher risk of acute myocardial infarction.

著者

Saori TAKAHASHI Taku YOSHIYA Kumiko YOSHIZAWA-KUMAGAYE Toshihiro SUGIYAMA

出版者

Biomedical Research Press

雑誌

Biomedical Research (ISSN:03886107)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, no.3, pp.219-224, 2015-06-01 (Released:2015-06-24)

参考文献数

23

被引用文献数

37 53

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Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is a carboxypeptidase which is highly homologous to angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). ACE2 produces vasodilator peptides angiotensin 1-7 from angiotensin II. In the present study, we synthesized various internally quenched fluorogenic (IQF) substrates (fluorophore-Xaa-Pro-quencher) based on the cleavage site of angiotensin II introducing N-terminal fluorophore N-methylanthranilic acid (Nma) and C-terminal quencher Nε-2,4- dinitrophenyl-lysine [Lys(Dnp)]. The synthesized mixed substrates “Nma-Xaa-Pro-Lys(Dnp)” were hydrolyzed by recombinant human (rh) ACE2. The amount of each product was determined by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) with fluorescence detection and it was found that Nma-His-Pro-Lys(Dnp) is the most suitable substrate for rhACE2. The Km, kcat, and kcat/Km values of Nma-His-Pro-Lys(Dnp) on rhACE2 were determined to be 23.3 μM, 167 s−1, and 7.17 μM−1 s−1, respectively. Using the rhACE2 and the newly developed IQF substrate, we found rhACE2 inhibitory activity in soybean and isolated the active compound soybean ACE2 inhibitor (ACE2iSB). The physicochemical data on the isolated ACE2iSB were identical to those of nicotianamine. ACE2iSB strongly inhibited rhACE2 activity with an IC50 value of 84 nM. This is the first demonstration of an ACE2 inhibitor from foodstuffs.

著者

Hyun-Kyung Chang Mal-Soon Shin Hye-Young Yang Jin-Woo Lee Young-Sick Kim Myoung-Hwa Lee Jullia Kim Khae-Hawn Kim Chang-Ju Kim

出版者

The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan

雑誌

Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:09186158)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.8, pp.1597-1602, 2006 (Released:2006-08-01)

参考文献数

41

被引用文献数

83 147

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Prostate cancer is one of the most common non-skin cancers in men. Amygdalin is one of the nitrilosides, natural cyanide-containing substances abundant in the seeds of plants of the prunasin family that have been used to treat cancers and relieve pain. In particular, D-amygdalin (D-mandelonitrile-β-D-gentiobioside) is known to exhibit selective killing effect on cancer cells. Apoptosis, programmed cell death, is an important mechanism in cancer treatment. In the present study, we prepared the aqueous extract of the amygdalin from Armeniacae semen and investigated whether this extract induces apoptotic cell death in human DU145 and LNCaP prostate cancer cells. In the present results, DU145 and LNCaP cells treated with amygdalin exhibited several morphological characteristics of apoptosis. Treatment with amygdalin increased expression of Bax, a pro-apoptotic protein, decreased expression of Bcl-2, an anti-apoptotic protein, and increased caspase-3 enzyme activity in DU145 and LNCaP prostate cancer cells. Here, we have shown that amygdalin induces apoptotic cell death in human DU145 and LNCaP prostate cancer cells by caspase-3 activation through down-regulation of Bcl-2 and up-regulation of Bax. The present study reveals that amygdalin may offer a valuable option for the treatment of prostate cancers.

著者

Tadao Aikawa Jiro Ogino Nozomi Aikawa Noriko Oyama-Manabe

出版者

The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine

雑誌

Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.10, pp.1623-1624, 2022-05-15 (Released:2022-05-15)

被引用文献数

2

著者

Shun-ichiro HIRANO Tetsuya FUJIMOTO Hiroshi INOUE Kenji UCHIHASHI Yasuo NISHIKAWA

出版者

Osaka Odontological Society

雑誌

Journal of Osaka Dental University (ISSN:04752058)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, no.2, pp.151-156, 2017-10-25 (Released:2018-01-25)

参考文献数

13

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The seating location in the classroom is thought to have a close relationship to the aca­ demic performance of each student. However, as teachers taking part in higher educa­ tion, we know that "common sense" must give way to many exceptional cases. To verify the truth of this widely held belief, we recorded the students' seating locations at a den­ tal hygiene college for many years, and correlated this information with their academic performance. As the rooms in which they were taught were identical, and the seating ar­ rangements were consistent throughout the years, it allowed us to analyze the data in a single environment. Many studies have reported that although students with poor grades sit in "low interaction" seats, students with good grades do not select "high interaction"seats, but rather prefer to occupy "moderate interaction" seats. Average or middle stu­ dents tended to have no favored location. We were not able to correlate each student's academic performance with her preferred seating location, especially in the case of high performing students. However, the pre­ ferred seating location for students with poor grades tended to follow commonly ac­ cepted norms which have been described in many reports. Our findings suggest that stu­ dents who are at risk of failing could be determined by where they sit in the classroom. This helps to identify the potentially unsuccessful candidates, and permits remedial ac­ tion at an early stage. (J Osaka Dent Univ 2017; 51: 151­-156)

著者

Tomomi Kinoshita Ryu-ta Abe Akiyo Hineno Kazuhiro Tsunekawa Shunya Nakane Shu-ichi Ikeda

出版者

The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine

雑誌

Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.19, pp.2185-2200, 2014 (Released:2014-10-01)

参考文献数

49

被引用文献数

57 97

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Objective To investigate the causes of neurological manifestations in girls immunized with the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine. Methods During the past nine months, 44 girls visited us complaining of several symptoms after HPV vaccination. Four patients with other proven disorders were excluded, and the remaining forty subjects were enrolled in this study. Results The age at initial vaccination ranged from 11 to 17 years, and the average incubation period after the first dose of the vaccine was 5.47±5.00 months. Frequent manifestations included headaches, general fatigue, coldness of the legs, limb pain and weakness. The skin temperature examined in 28 girls with limb symptoms exhibited a slight decrease in the fingers (30.4±2.6°C) and a moderate decrease in the toes (27.1±3.7°C). Digital plethysmograms revealed a reduced height of the waves, especially in the toes. The limb symptoms of four girls were compatible with the Japanese clinical diagnostic criteria for complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS), while those in the other 14 girls were consistent with foreign diagnostic criteria for CRPS. The Schellong test identified eight patients with orthostatic hypotension and four patients with postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome. The girls with orthostatic intolerance and CRPS commonly experienced transient violent tremors and persistent asthenia. Electron-microscopic examinations of the intradermal nerves showed an abnormal pathology in the unmyelinated fibers in two of the three girls examined. Conclusion The symptoms observed in this study can be explained by abnormal peripheral sympathetic responses. The most common previous diagnosis in the studied girls was psychosomatic disease. The social problems of the study participants remained unresolved in that the severely disabled girls stopped going to school.

著者

Kenji Suetsugu Tian-Chuan Hsu

出版者

The Japanese Society for Plant Systematics

雑誌

Acta Phytotaxonomica et Geobotanica (ISSN:13467565)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.74, no.3, pp.177-182, 2023-10-31 (Released:2023-11-04)

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This is the first report of Taeniophyllum complanatum from Yakushima Island, Amami-Oshima Island, and Okinawa Island, Ryukyu Islands, Japan. The species is rare and was previously considered to be endemic to Taiwan. It is distinguishable from T. aphyllum by its strongly flattened roots, minutely papillate inflorescences and the shape of the fully developed fruit.

著者

CODATA-ICSTI Task Group on Data Citation Standards and Practices

出版者

CODATA

雑誌

Data Science Journal (ISSN:16831470)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, pp.CIDCR1-CIDCR75, 2013 (Released:2013-09-13)

参考文献数

185

被引用文献数

56

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The use of published digital data, like the use of digitally published literature, depends upon the ability to identify, authenticate, locate, access, and interpret them. Data citations provide necessary support for these functions, as well as other functions such as attribution of credit and establishment of provenance. References to data, however, present challenges not encountered in references to literature. For example, how can one specify a particular subset of data in the absence of familiar conventions such as page numbers or chapters? The traditions and good practices for maintaining the scholarly record by proper references to a work are well established and understood in regard to journal articles and other literature, but attributing credit by bibliographic references to data are not yet so broadly implemented. This report discusses the current state of data citation practices, its supporting infrastructure, a set of guiding principles for implementing data citation, challenges to implementation of good data citation practices, and open research questions.

著者

木村-黒田 純子 黒田 洋一郎

出版者

日本毒性学会

雑誌

日本毒性学会学術年会 第45回日本毒性学会学術年会

巻号頁・発行日

pp.S5-2, 2018 (Released:2018-08-10)

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近年、自閉症、注意欠如多動症(ADHD)など発達障害が急増しており、社会問題となっている。従来、発達障害は遺伝要因が大きいと言われてきたが、膨大な遺伝子研究が行われた結果、遺伝要因よりも環境要因が大きいことが明らかとなってきた。環境要因は多様だが、なかでも農薬など環境化学物質の曝露が疑われている。2010年頃から、有機リン系農薬(OP)曝露がADHDなど発達障害のリスクを上げることを示す論文が多数発表された。2012年、米国小児科学会は“農薬曝露は子どもに発達障害,脳腫瘍などの健康被害を起こす”と公的に警告した(Pediatrics, 130)。OECDによれば、日本の農地単位面積当たりの農薬使用量は、世界でも極めて多い。殺虫剤では、世界で規制が強まっているOPの使用がいまだに多く、ネオニコチノイド系農薬(NEO)の使用量が急増している。国内の子ども(223名、2012-3年)の尿中にはOPの代謝物やNEOが極めて高率に検出され(Environ Res, 147, 2016)、日常的な慢性複合曝露影響が危惧されている。OPはアセチルコリン分解酵素を阻害し、NEOはニコチン性アセチルコリン受容体を介したシグナル毒性(J Toxicol Sci, 41, 2016)を示し、共にコリン作動系を障害する。コリン作動系は、中枢及び末梢の脳神経系で重要であり、特に発達期の脳でシナプス・神経回路形成を担っている。NEOはヒトには安全と謳われたが、哺乳類の脳発達に悪影響を及ぼす報告が蓄積してきている。我々のラット発達期小脳培養系では、短期曝露でニコチン様の興奮作用を起こし(Plos One, 7, 2012)、長期曝露で遺伝子発現を攪乱した(IJERPH, 13, 2016)。我々のデータと共に国内外の報告から、NEOの影響を中心に、コリン作動系を介した脳発達について考察する。

著者

Tadaaki BAN-NAI Yasuyuki MURAMATSU Satoshi YOSHIDA

出版者

Journal of Radiation Research Editorial Committee

雑誌

Journal of Radiation Research (ISSN:04493060)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.2, pp.325-332, 2004 (Released:2004-08-10)

参考文献数

58

被引用文献数

13

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Mushrooms are known to accumulate radiocesium. To estimate the intake of radiocesium through the eating of mushrooms, about 30 samples belonging to 4 commonly consumed species (Lentinula edodes, Hypsizigus marmoreus, Grifola frondosa, and Tricholoma matsutake), were analyzed for 137Cs and 40K. The concentration ranges were 0.060-29 Bq kg-1 (wet wt) for 137Cs and 38-300 Bq kg-1 (wet wt) for 40K. The geometric mean concentration for 137Cs was 0.56 Bq kg-1 (wet wt), and the mean concentration for 40K was 92 Bq kg-1 (wet wt). The 137Cs concentrations in L. edodes cultivated in mushroom beds (sawdust-rice bran media) were lower than those cultivated on bed logs (natural wood with bark). The annual intake of 137Cs per person through mushrooms was calculated, by using the current analytical results and food consumption data in Japan, to be 3.1 Bq for 137Cs, which is about 28% of the total dietary intake of this nuclide. The effective dose equivalent of 137Cs through mushrooms was estimated to be 4.0 ¤ 10-8 Sv, which is about the half the value obtained in our previous study. The decrease of the 137Cs intake through mushrooms is probably related to changes in cultivation methods in recent years, from the use of bed logs to mushroom beds.

著者

Shun-ichi TANAKA

出版者

The Japan Academy

雑誌

Proceedings of the Japan Academy, Series B (ISSN:03862208)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.88, no.9, pp.471-484, 2012-11-09 (Released:2012-11-09)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

24 54

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The severe accident that broke out at Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power stations on March 11, 2011, caused seemingly infinite damage to the daily life of residents. Serious and wide-spread contamination of the environment occurred due to radioactive materials discharged from nuclear power stations (NPSs). At the same time, many issues were highlighted concerning countermeasures to severe nuclear accidents. The accident is outlined, and lessons learned are extracted with respect to the safety of NPSs, as well as radiation protection of residents under the emergency involving the accident. The materials of the current paper are those released by governmental agencies, academic societies, interim reports of committees under the government, and others.(Communicated by Toshimitsu YAMAZAKI, M.J.A.)

著者

Yohei Himeno Takahisa Tateishi Ken-Ichi Irie Shuntaro Ueno Makoto Morimitsu Shino Mizoguchi Tamon Koga Takayuki Taniwaki

出版者

The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine

雑誌

Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2471-23, (Released:2023-09-22)

参考文献数

34

被引用文献数

1

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We herein report a case of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) that occurred following coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination and its subsequent relapse after COVID-19 infection. A 34-year-old woman developed cortical encephalitis in the right temporoparietal lobe one week after receiving the mRNA-1273 vaccine. The cerebrospinal fluid was positive for anti-MOG antibody. Her symptoms gradually improved after three courses of intravenous methylprednisolone therapy. Six months later, she experienced a relapse of transverse myelitis following COVID-19 infection. Despite treatment with plasma exchange, the patient remained paralyzed in both lower limbs. We herein review the relationship between MOGAD and COVID-19 vaccination/infection.

著者

Kenji Suetsugu Shun K. Hirota Koji Yonekura Atsushi Abe Yoshihisa Suyama Tian-Chuan Hsu

出版者

The Japanese Society for Plant Systematics

雑誌

Acta Phytotaxonomica et Geobotanica (ISSN:13467565)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.74, no.2, pp.121-129, 2023-07-31 (Released:2023-09-08)

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The present study documents the first record of Thrixspermum annamense (Orchidaceae) from Iriomote Island, Ryukyu Islands, Japan, expanding its known distribution beyond Vietnam, Thailand, Taiwan, China, and Malaysia. While the morphologically similar taxon T. fantasticum is present on the island, it can be distinguished from T. fantasticum by its somewhat narrower and more rigid leaves, slightly narrower sepals, densely hairy midlobe of the lip, and the absence of two horn-like appendages at the base of the midlobe. A detailed morphological analysis also revealed that the plants discovered on Iriomote Island closely resemble T. annamense from Taiwan but show consistent morphological and molecular distinctions from T. annamense from Vietnam, the type locality. Despite those differences, the high similarity in gross morphology and most lip structures of the plants from Japan, Taiwan, and Vietnam indicates that they all belong to T. annamense at the species level. Consequently, considering the genetic and morphological differences, we propose resurrecting the name T. devolianum, originally described from Taiwan, and reclassifying it as a variety of T. annamense (T. annamense var. devolianum). A neotype for T. devolianum is also designated.

著者

Tetsuhisa Kitamura Kazunari Satomura Takashi Kawamura Sachiko Yamada Kyoko Takashima Narufumi Suganuma Hideo Namai Yoko Komura for The Great Cold Investigators-I

出版者

The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine

雑誌

Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.18, pp.1623-1624, 2007 (Released:2007-09-14)

参考文献数

5

被引用文献数

25 29

著者

桐谷 圭治 Keizi Kiritani 農業環境技術研究所 National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences

出版者

樹木医学会

雑誌

樹木医学研究 = Journal of tree health (ISSN:13440268)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.2, pp.46-60, 2012-04-30

参考文献数

68

著者

Hani Al-Abbad Sanaa Madi

出版者

The Society of Physical Therapy Science

雑誌

Journal of Physical Therapy Science (ISSN:09155287)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.5, pp.323-331, 2020 (Released:2020-05-01)

参考文献数

47

被引用文献数

3

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[Purpose] To explore the views of clients referred for physical therapy in a tertiary care setting regarding the integration of physical therapy service at primary health care centers. [Participants and Methods] A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to eligible Saudi clients. The questionnaire consisted of three sections including demographic information section; closed-ended section with 6 Likert scale items on the perceptions of potential advantages of physical therapy service at the primary health care level; and open-ended section on potential disadvantages and barriers of implementing physical therapy service. The surveys were described and analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. [Results] A total of 412 participants were included in the analysis (56.8% females). Participants’ mean age was 35.7 ± 21.9 years; 67.2% were Riyadh city residents; and 38.1% had musculoskeletal conditions. Seventy-five percent responded in support for the availability of physical therapy service at the primary health care level. Demographic characteristics had no effect on the level of support to the service availability. [Conclusion] The results of this survey demonstrated high positive support for the integration of physical therapy service at primary health care centers in Saudi Arabia. However, challenges and barriers identified by the study results require attention when physical therapy services are to be established.

著者

Shin Takayama Tetsuhiro Yoshino Sayaka Koizumi Yasuhito Irie Tomoko Suzuki Susumu Fujii Rie Katori Mosaburo Kainuma Seiichi Kobayashi Tatsuya Nogami Kenichi Yokota Mayuko Yamazaki Satoko Minakawa Shigeki Chiba Norio Suda Yoshinobu Nakada Tatsuya Ishige Hirofumi Maehara Yutaka Tanaka Mahiko Nagase Akihiko Kashio Kazuhisa Komatsu Makoto Nojiri Osamu Shimooki Kayo Nakamoto Ryutaro Arita Rie Ono Natsumi Saito Akiko Kikuchi Minoru Ohsawa Hajime Nakae Tadamichi Mitsuma Masaru Mimura Tadashi Ishii Kotaro Nochioka Shih-Wei Chiu Takuhiro Yamaguchi Takao Namiki Akito Hisanaga Kazuo Mitani Takashi Ito

出版者

The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine

雑誌

Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.0027-22, (Released:2022-11-02)

参考文献数

41

被引用文献数

3

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Objective Patients in whom coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was suspected or confirmed between January 1, 2020, and October 31, 2021, were enrolled from Japanese hospitals in this multicenter, retrospective, observational study. Methods Data on the treatment administered (including conventional and Kampo medicine) and changes in common cold-like symptoms (such as fever, cough, sputum, dyspnea, fatigue, and diarrhea) were collected from their medical records. The primary outcome was the number of days without a fever (with a body temperature <37 °C). The secondary outcomes were symptomatic relief and the worsening of illness, defined as the presence of a condition requiring oxygen inhalation. The outcomes of patients treated with and without Kampo medicine were compared. Patients We enrolled 962 patients, among whom 528 received conventional and Kampo treatment (Kampo group) and 434 received conventional treatment (non-Kampo group). Results Overall, after adjusting for the staging of COVID-19 and risk factors, there were no significant between-group differences in the symptoms or number of days being afebrile. After performing propensity score matching and restricting the included cases to those with confirmed COVID-19 who did not receive steroid administration and initiated treatment within 4 days from the onset, the risk of illness worsening was significantly lower in the Kampo group than in the non-Kampo group (odds ratio=0.113, 95% confidence interval: 0.014-0.928, p=0.0424). Conclusion Early Kampo treatment may suppress illness worsening risk in COVID-19 cases without steroid use. Further randomized controlled studies are needed to confirm the clinical benefit of Kampo medicine for COVID-19.

著者

HIDEAKI KANZAWA-KIRIYAMA TIMOTHY A. JINAM YOSUKE KAWAI TAKEHIRO SATO KAZUYOSHI HOSOMICHI ATSUSHI TAJIMA NOBORU ADACHI HIROFUMI MATSUMURA KIRILL KRYUKOV NARUYA SAITOU KEN-ICHI SHINODA

出版者

一般社団法人 日本人類学会

雑誌

Anthropological Science (ISSN:09187960)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.127, no.2, pp.83-108, 2019 (Released:2019-08-29)

参考文献数

139

被引用文献数

43 60

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The Funadomari Jomon people were hunter-gatherers living on Rebun Island, Hokkaido, Japan c. 3500–3800 years ago. In this study, we determined the high-depth and low-depth nuclear genome sequences from a Funadomari Jomon female (F23) and male (F5), respectively. We genotyped the nuclear DNA of F23 and determined the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class-I genotypes and the phenotypic traits. Moreover, a pathogenic mutation in the CPT1A gene was identified in both F23 and F5. The mutation provides metabolic advantages for consumption of a high-fat diet, and its allele frequency is more than 70% in Arctic populations, but is absent elsewhere. This variant may be related to the lifestyle of the Funadomari Jomon people, who fished and hunted land and marine animals. We observed high homozygosity by descent (HBD) in F23, but HBD tracts longer than 10 cM were very limited, suggesting that the population size of Northern Jomon populations were small. Our analysis suggested that population size of the Jomon people started to decrease c. 50000 years ago. The phylogenetic relationship among F23, modern/ancient Eurasians, and Native Americans showed a deep divergence of F23 in East Eurasia, probably before the split of the ancestor of Native Americans from East Eurasians, but after the split of 40000-year-old Tianyuan, indicating that the Northern Jomon people were genetically isolated from continental East Eurasians for a long period. Intriguingly, we found that modern Japanese as well as Ulchi, Korean, aboriginal Taiwanese, and Philippine populations were genetically closer to F23 than to Han Chinese. Moreover, the Y chromosome of F5 belonged to haplogroup D1b2b, which is rare in modern Japanese populations. These findings provided insights into the history and reconstructions of the ancient human population structures in East Eurasia, and the F23 genome data can be considered as the Jomon Reference Genome for future studies.

著者

Kaito Kotani Kandai Doi Nana Ushine Takuya Kato Tatsuo Sato Masaki Nonagase Shin-ichi Hayama

出版者

The Japan Society of Medical Entomology and Zoology

雑誌

衛生動物 (ISSN:04247086)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.4, pp.157-159, 2022-12-25 (Released:2022-12-25)

参考文献数

20

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An engorged ixodid tick was collected from a rescued short-tailed shearwater, Puffinus tenuirostris (Temminck), at Funabashi Sanbanse Seaside Park in Chiba Prefecture, Japan. Based on morphological features, we identified the specimen as Ixodes kerguelenensis (André and Colas-Belcour), which is a species known to infest seabirds in Oceania. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of I. kerguelenensis in Japan. The case of infestation to the shearwater suggests the possibility of the long-distance translocation of the tick in Oceanian region to Japan.