著者

Narihiro Orikasa Atsushi Saito Katsuya Yamashita Takuya Tajiri Yuji Zaizen Tzu-Hsien Kuo Wei-Chen Kuo Masataka Murakami

出版者

Meteorological Society of Japan

雑誌

SOLA (ISSN:13496476)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2020-036, (Released:2020-09-23)

被引用文献数

2

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Since March 2012, multi-year ground-based observation of atmospheric aerosol particles has been carried out in Tsukuba, Japan to characterize the aerosol particle number concentrations (NCs), air mass origin relevance, and specifically, their cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and ice nucleating particle (INP) characteristics. The CCN NCs at any water supersaturation (SS) exhibit strong seasonality, being higher in winter and lower in summer; this pattern is similar in the polluted urban environment in East Asia and contrary to that in the Pacific coastal region. The hygroscopicity (κ) is generally high in early autumn and low in early summer, likely due to the seasonal difference of synoptic-scale systems. In contrast, the INP NCs and ice nucleation active surface site density (ns) at defined temperature (−15 to −35°C) and SS (0%-5%) lack clear seasonal influence. The average INP NCs and ns in this study were comparable at warmer temperatures and approximately one order of magnitude lower at colder temperatures, compared with those in other urban locations under limited dust impact. Moreover, the ns values were one to four orders of magnitude lower and exhibited weaker temperature dependence than previous parameterizations on mineral dust particles.

著者

Miki Hara-Yokoyama

出版者

FCCA(Forum: Carbohydrates Coming of Age)

雑誌

Trends in Glycoscience and Glycotechnology (ISSN:09157352)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.146, pp.215-225, 2013 (Released:2013-11-25)

参考文献数

40

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リンパ球表面抗原CD38は、1回膜貫通型の糖タンパク質である。CD38は哺乳類の主要なNAD+グリコヒドラーゼであり、脂質ラフトに局在して細胞増殖・細胞死を誘導するシグナル分子としても機能する。筆者らは、細胞膜上におけるCD38の四量体形成の構造基盤を明らかにした。四量体構造の形成は、CD38の触媒活性部位の維持と脂質ラフトへの局在化に重要である。またN型糖鎖は、CD38の四量体構造がさらに会合することを抑制する位置に存在する。糖鎖は膜上でのアセンブリを介してCD38の機能を制御することが示唆された。

著者

Tadashi Nakajima Reika Kawabata-Iwakawa Yoshiaki Kaneko Shin-ichiro Hamano Rie Sano Shuntaro Tamura Hiroshi Hasegawa Takashi Kobari Yoshihiko Kominato Masahiko Nishiyama Masahiko Kurabayashi

出版者

International Heart Journal Association

雑誌

International Heart Journal (ISSN:13492365)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.20-203, (Released:2020-09-12)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

7

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While a KCND3 V392I mutation uniquely displays a mixed electrophysiological phenotype of Kv4.3, only limited clinical information on the mutation carriers is available. We report two teenage siblings exhibiting both cardiac (early repolarization syndrome and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation) and cerebral phenotypes (epilepsy and intellectual disability), in whom we identified the KCND3 V392I mutation. We propose a link between the KCND3 mutation with a mixed electrophysiological phenotype and cardiocerebral phenotypes, which may be defined as a novel cardiocerebral channelopathy.

著者

Nishimura Takeshi Mori Futoshi Hanida Sho Kumahata Kiyoshi Ishikawa Shigeru Samarat Kaouthar Miyabe-Nishiwaki Takako Hayashi Misato Tomonaga Masaki Suzuki Juri Matsuzawa Tetsuro Matsuzawa Teruo

出版者

Public Library of Science

雑誌

PLOS computational biology (ISSN:15537358)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.3, 2016-03-24

被引用文献数

24

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ヒトの鼻腔機能はチンパンジーに及ばない -それでも、原人は出アフリカを遂げた-. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2016-03-25.

著者

呉 孟達 Huang LAWRENCE C-L

出版者

社団法人 全日本鍼灸学会

雑誌

全日本鍼灸学会雑誌 (ISSN:02859955)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.58, no.4, pp.626-641, 2008 (Released:2008-11-21)

参考文献数

19

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今回われわれは西洋医学的に"迷路性耳鳴"と診断された65例の耳鳴症例に対して、 中医学的虚実弁証の理論を導入することによって、 新たに耳鳴を三つの、 西洋医学と中医学両方法論を加味した類型、 すなわち実証型迷路性耳鳴、 虚証型迷路性耳鳴および中間証型迷路性耳鳴に分類した。 次いで、 これらのそれぞれの病態証候に応じて、 中医学的"治病求本"の原則に基づき、 鍼治療を行った。 耳鳴治療効果の判定は主に治療前後の自覚的な 「耳鳴表現スコア」 と他覚的な 「耳鳴ラウドネス」 という二つの耳鳴パラメータの変化を用いて比較検討した。 治療後の 「耳鳴表現スコア」 もしくは 「耳鳴ラウドネス」 が有効を示した65症例全体の「粗有効率 (GER)」は72.3%、 両者がともに有効を示した 「自他覚的有効率 (BER)」、 つまりより厳密な有効率としては47.7%であった。 三つの中医学的病証型のうち、 実証型の有効率が最も高く、 そのBERは66.7%を示していた。 次は虚証型で、 そのBERは48.7%であった。 中間証型は最も悪く、 そのBERはわずか10%であった。 各病証型のBERに対し、 相互間の統計学的有意差はなかった。 一方、 治療終了2ヶ月後の効果判定では、 全体のGERは55.4%、 BERは38.5%にまで低下し、 治療効果の減少傾向が見られた。 特に虚証型のGERは統計学的有意な低下を示した。 結論として迷路性耳鳴に対する鍼治療を行うにあたって、 中医学的虚実弁証論の応用は大変重要であると考えられる。 65症例の臨床治療分析を通して、 虚証型や中間証型に比べて、 実証型耳鳴は鍼治療に最も高い反応を示すことが判明した。

著者

Sylwia Sławek-Szmyt Aleksander Araszkiewicz Marek Grygier Krzysztof Szmyt Lidia Chmielewska-Michalak Wojciech Seniuk Michał Waśniewski Tomasz Smukowski Maciej Lesiak Przemysław Mitkowski

出版者

The Japanese Circulation Society

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.CJ-20-0305, (Released:2020-09-05)

参考文献数

30

被引用文献数

7

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Background:Cardiac implantable electronic device-related infections (CDI) are of increasing importance and involve substantial healthcare resources. This study aimed to evaluate potential CDI risk factors and the utility of the novel PADIT and PACE DRAP scores to predict CDI.Methods and Results:The study group included 1,000 consecutive patients undergoing implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) or cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) surgery. Patients’ and procedural characteristics were collected. CDI occurrence was assessed during 1-year follow-up. Moreover, if periprocedural significant pocket hematoma (SPH) occurred, the maximal volume was calculated based on ultrasonographic measurements and ABC/2 formula. The overall incidence of CDI was 1.8%. In the multivariable regression analysis independent CDI risk factors were: age >75 years (odds ratio [OR]: 5.93; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.77–19.84), system upgrade procedure (OR: 6.46; CI: 1.94–21.44), procedure duration >1 h (OR: 13.96; CI: 4.40–44.25), presence of SPH (OR: 4.95; CI: 1.62–15.13) and reintervention within 1 month (OR: 16.29; CI: 3.14–84.50). The PACE DRAP score had higher discrimination of CDI incidence (area under curve [AUC] 0.72) as compared with the PADIT score (AUC 0.63).Conclusions:We identified 5 independent risk factors of CDI development. Our study also showed that the PACE DRAP score was better able to identify patients at high risk of CDI than the PADIT score.

著者

Sun Xiao-hui 孫 小慧

出版者

名古屋大学

巻号頁・発行日

2016-03-25

著者

Ha Pham-Thanh Thanh Ngo-Duc Jun Matsumoto Tan Phan-Van Hoa Vo-Van

出版者

Meteorological Society of Japan

雑誌

SOLA (ISSN:13496476)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2020-029, (Released:2020-08-11)

被引用文献数

9

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This study investigated rainfall trends and their associations with tropical cyclones (TCs) during the period of 1979-2019, using TC best-track data from the Regional Specialized Meteorological Center Tokyo - Typhoon Center and daily rainfall data from 138 meteorological stations in Vietnam. The radius of influence of TCs on local rainfall was limited to 500 km from TC centers. The average annual number of TCs affecting Vietnam has decreased slightly in the last two decades compared to previous decades. The ratio of TC-induced rainfall to total rainfall attained the highest value of 37.3% in the central region, in July. The temporal distribution of TC-induced rainfall coincided with the frequency of TCs, with an active period from June to November. During 1979-2019, the non-TC rainfall was the main contributor to the change in total rainfall, especially in relation to the decline in the north and the increase in the coastal South Central region. The rainfall trend during the entire period was principally explained by the interdecadal shift in the late 1990s. Rainfall intensity and the number of heavy rainfall days were intensified for total rainfall and non-TC rainfall, indicating that TCs contributed minimally to the changes of extreme rainfall events during 1979-2019.

著者

Masakatsu Takahashi Hiroko Fukunaga Hiroshi Kaneto Shin-ichi Fukudome Masaaki Yoshikawa

出版者

The Japanese Pharmacological Society

雑誌

The Japanese Journal of Pharmacology (ISSN:00215198)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.84, no.3, pp.259-265, 2000 (Released:2001-05-31)

参考文献数

36

被引用文献数

38 58

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Central effects of gluten exorphin A5 (Gly-Tyr-Tyr-Pro-Thr), a fragment from wheat gluten, were studied on the pain-inhibitory system, emotionality and learning/memory processes in mice. Orally administered gluten exorphin A5 produced neither an antinociceptive effect nor an effect on morphine analgesia. Intracerebroventricularly (i.c.v.) administered gluten exorphin A5 produced mild but significant antinociception in a dose-dependent manner, while not affecting the morphine analgesia. On the other hand, oral gluten exorphin A5 suppressed the endogenous pain-inhibitory system, i.e., antinociception induced by socio-psychological- (PSY-) stress (SIA) using a communication box; intraperitoneal gluten exorphin A5 abolished both footshock- (FS-) stress-induced antinociception (SIA) and PSY-SIA; and i.c.v. gluten exorphin A5 suppressed FS-SIA, but rather potentiated PSY-SIA. This peptide given by these routes was withuot effect on forced swim-SIA. In addition, oral gluten exorphin A5 tended to prolong the retention time on open arms in the elevated plus-maze test. Finally, oral gluten exorphin A5 when given during the post-training period of learning/memory processes significantly increased the latency into the dark compartment in the one-trail step-though type passive avoidance test, indicating that the peptide also facilitates the acquire/consolidation process of learning/memory. Thus, gluten exorphin A5 has been found to produce various effects no only in the peripheral nervous systems but also in the central nervous system.

著者

Ilka Straehler-Pohl George I. Matsumoto Melisa J. Acevedo

出版者

日本プランクトン学会、日本ベントス学会

雑誌

Plankton and Benthos Research (ISSN:18808247)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.2, pp.129-138, 2017-05-30 (Released:2017-06-06)

参考文献数

53

被引用文献数

9

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A lot of confusion (over the last 90 years) surrounds the naming of the Californian carybdeid population, sighted near La Jolla and Santa Barbara, since its first description by Stiasny in 1922. The specimens were first identified as Carybdea rastonii and later as Carybdea marsupialis but the identification was doubted by several scientists. To clear up the confusion, specimens of the Californian population were compared to specimens of all known carybdeid species. This comparison revealed that the Californian population represents an undescribed carybdeid species, named Carybdea confusa n. sp., being identified by the combination of the following characters: Gastric phacellae (single rooted, single stemmed), velarial canals (2 velarial canal roots/octant; canals multiple-branched with rounded tips) and pedalial canal (knee bend with thorn-like appendage).

著者

FENG Tao YANG Xiu-Qun WU Liang HUANG Ronghui YANG Dejian

出版者

Meteorological Society of Japan

雑誌

気象集誌. 第2輯 (ISSN:00261165)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2020-037, (Released:2020-04-09)

被引用文献数

5

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Using the Climate Forecast System Reanalysis, Joint Typhoon Warning Center best track, and Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission precipitation data, two long-lasting synoptic-scale wave trains in 2004 and 2006 are selected to investigate the atmospheric factors controlling the structures of westward-propagating synoptic-scale disturbances over the tropical western North Pacific. The essential difference between these two wave trains is found in their vertical structures, such that the maximum perturbations occurred from the middle to lower troposphere with an equivalent barotropic structure in 2004 but primarily occurred in the upper troposphere with a prominent tilt with height in 2006. Distinct configurations of the monsoon troughs, the tropical upper-tropospheric troughs (TUTT), and associated vertical wind shear caused such structural differences. In 2004, the TUTT shifted eastward, creating an easterly sheared environment to confine synoptic-scale waves in the lower troposphere. Then, the monsoon trough enhanced the wave activity through barotropic energy conversion in the lower troposphere. In contrast, while the TUTT shifted westward in 2006, synoptic-scale waves prevailed in the upper troposphere by the environmental westerly shear. Meanwhile, the disturbances developed in the upper troposphere through to the conversion of kinetic energy from the TUTT, exhibiting a top-heavy vertical structure. The coherent movement of the monsoon trough and the TUTT modulate the vertical structure and the development of the synoptic-scale waves.

著者

Huihuang Huang Bing Song Zhe Xu Yanmei Jiao Lei Huang Peng Zhao Jiagan Huang Zihan Zhou Zhuanghong Zhao Jing Tian Yuting Zhou Fu-sheng Wang Tianjun Jiang

出版者

National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases Editorial Committee

雑誌

Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases (ISSN:13446304)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JJID.2020.298, (Released:2020-08-01)

参考文献数

35

被引用文献数

17

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To analyze clinical characteristics and potential predictors of disease severity in patients with COVID-19.Clinical data from 64 patients with COVID-19 were retrospectively analyzed. Of the 64 patients, 37 were male and 27 were female. Their mean age was 47.8 years, 43 (67.2%) cases were non-severe, 21 (32.8%) were severe, and 2 patients (3.1%) died. Age and serum ferritin were significantly associated with COVID-19 severity. Repeated monitoring of ferritin, interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, lactic acid dehydrogenase, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate during COVID-19 treatment may assist the prediction of disease severity and evaluation of treatment effects. There were no significant differences in the duration of severe illness or the number of days on high-level respiratory support between a low-dose methylprednisolone group and a high-dose methylprednisolone group. The mean number of days in hospital in the high dose group was higher than that in the low-dose group. Repeated monitoring of ferritin, interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, lactic acid dehydrogenase, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate during COVID-19 treatment may assist the prediction of disease severity and evaluation of treatment effects.

著者

長谷中 利昭 李 文遠 藤巻 宏和 北風 嵐 宮本 毅 谷口 宏充 Toshiaki HASENAKA Moon-Won LEE Hirokazu FUJIMAKI Arashi KITAKAZE Tsuyoshi MIYAMOTO Hiromitsu TANIGUCHI 東北大学 東北アジア研究センター 江原大學校 師範大學 科学教育科 東北大学大学院 理学研究科 地学専攻 東北大学 東北アジア研究センター 東北大学 東北アジア研究センター 東北大学 東北アジア研究センター Center for Northeast Asian Studies Tohoku University Department of Science Education Collegge of Education Kangwon National University Graduate School of Science Tohoku University Center for Northeast Asian Studies Tohoku University Center for Northeast Asian Studies Tohoku University Center for Northeast Asian Studies Tohoku University

雑誌

東北アジア研究 = Northeast Asian studies (ISSN:13439332)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2, pp.21-40, 1998-03-31

著者

Kumiko Sakai-Kato Yuki Takechi-Haraya Tsukasa Chida Manami Okazaki Masato Kozaki

出版者

The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan

雑誌

Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:00092363)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, no.8, pp.791-796, 2020-08-01 (Released:2020-08-01)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

1

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Because of the complexity of nanomedicines, analysis of their morphology and size has attracted considerable attention both from researchers and regulatory agencies. The atomic force microscope (AFM) has emerged as a powerful tool because it can provide detailed morphological characteristics of nanoparticles both in the air and in aqueous medium. However, to our knowledge, AFM methods for nanomedicines have yet to be standardized or be listed in any pharmacopeias. To assess the applicability of standardization of AFM, in this study, we aimed to identify robust conditions for assessing the morphology and size of nanoparticles based on a polystyrene nanoparticle certified reference material standard. The spring constant of the cantilever did not affect the size of the nanoparticles but needed to be optimized depending on the measurement conditions. The size analysis method of the obtained images affected the results of the analyzed size values. The results analyzed by cross-sectional line profiling were independent of the measurement conditions and gave similar results to those from dynamic light scattering. It was indicated that approximately 100 particles are required for a representative measurement. Under the optimized conditions, there were no significant inter-instrument differences in the analyzed size values of polystyrene nanoparticles both in air and under aqueous conditions.

著者

Yuki Takai Takumi Takamura Shintaro Enoki Moeko Sato Yoko Kato-Unoki Xuchun Qiu Yohei Shimasaki Yuji Oshima

出版者

The Japanese Society of Environmental Toxicology

雑誌

環境毒性学会誌 (ISSN:13440667)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.1, pp.10-21, 2020-07-21 (Released:2020-07-21)

参考文献数

48

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Tributyltin (TBT) is an organotin compound that disrupts the endocrine system of aquatic organisms, and its obesogenic toxicity to various species is well known. However, the mechanism by which TBT disrupts the endocrine system has not been clarified. Therefore, to investigate the effects of TBT in fish, we exposed juvenile medaka (Oryzias latipes) to TBT and analyzed the gene expression changes using mRNA-Seq. As a result of this analysis, it was clear that toxicity-related genes, such as cytochrome P450 superfamily genes connected to hormonal metabolism, and peroxisomeproliferator-activated receptor signaling pathway genes related to obesity, were significantly affected by TBT. Thus, our mRNA-Seq results identified candidate genes for involvement in the mechanisms of TBT toxicity in TBT-exposed medaka. mRNA-Seq could be a strong tool to investigate and further understand the toxic effects caused by pollutants.

著者

Yu-Pin LIU Chiu-Yen CHANG Fan LEE Chwei-Jang CHIOU Hsiang-Jung TSAI

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.20-0161, (Released:2020-07-10)

被引用文献数

7

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Avian paramyxovirus 1 (APMV-1), synonymous with Newcastle disease virus (NDV), is a worldwide viral agent that infects various avian species and responsible for outbreaks of Newcastle disease. In this study, 40 APMV-1 isolates collected from poultry, migratory birds, and resident birds during 2010–2018 in Taiwan were characterized genetically. Our phylogenetic analysis of complete fusion protein gene of the APMV-1 isolates revealed that 39 of the 40 Taiwanese isolates were closely related to APMV-1 of class I genotype 1 or class II genotypes I, VI or VII, and one isolate belonged to a group that can be classified as a novel genotype 2 within class I. The fusion protein gene sequences of a branch (former 1d) nested within class I sub-genotype 1.2 were closely related to those isolated from wild birds in North America. Viruses placed in class II sub-genotype VI.2.1.1.2.1 and sub-genotype VI.2.1.1.2.2 were the dominant pigeon paramyxovirus 1 (PPMV-1) circulating in the last decade in Taiwan. All the Newcastle disease outbreak-associated isolates belonged to class II sub-genotype VII.1.1, which was mainly responsible for the present epizootic of Newcastle disease in Taiwan. We conclude that at least five sub/genotypes of APMV-1 circulate in multiple avian host species in Taiwan. One genetically divergent group of APMV-1 should be considered as a novel genotype within class I. Migratory birds may play an important role in intercontinental spread of lentogenic APMV-1 between Eurasia and North America.

著者

ODA Masaaki TANIGUCHI Konomi WEN Mei-Zing HIGURASHI Makoto

出版者

人類働態学会

雑誌

Journal of Human Ergology (ISSN:03008134)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, no.2, pp.231-235, 1989

被引用文献数

5

著者

Sujeong Lim Hyo-Jong Song In-Hyuk Kwon

出版者

Meteorological Society of Japan

雑誌

SOLA (ISSN:13496476)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2020-025, (Released:2020-07-02)

被引用文献数

1

---

One way of the tropical cyclone (TC) initialization is assimilating the official advisory sea-level pressure observation to specify the initial structures of a TC with the aid of a background error covariance (BEC). In the hybrid four dimensional ensemble- variational data assimilation system, a static BEC explains the geostrophic and cyclostrophic wind-mass balance, and an ensemble BEC expresses the flow-dependent feature. Assimilation of the minimum sea-level pressure using a larger localization length-scale with limited ensemble members yields the closest to the observations at the initial state, but an imbalance in the broad analysis increment distorts geopotential and wind fields. Moreover, the reduced central pressure of TC is rapidly returned to an intensity that a model resolution can represent during the prediction. We introduce the application of final-scale localization (FSL) at the last outer loop with the shortest one to improve the TC initialization. With the aid of FSL, we may conduct the shorter localization length-scale, especially adopted for the TC initialization. As preliminary results, both analysis and prediction become more stable and the large-scale environments are preserved better than in the control experiment.

著者

Tomohiro Araki Jiro Osaka Yuya Kato Mai Shimozono Hinata Kawamura Riku Iwanaga Satoko Hakeda-Suzuki Takashi Suzuki

出版者

The Genetics Society of Japan

雑誌

Genes & Genetic Systems (ISSN:13417568)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.19-00066, (Released:2020-06-04)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

4

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In many animals, neural activity contributes to the adaptive refinement of synaptic properties, such as firing frequency and the number of synapses, for learning, memorizing and adapting for survival. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying such activity-dependent synaptic remodeling remain largely unknown. In the synapses of Drosophila melanogaster, the presynaptic active zone (AZ) forms a T-shaped presynaptic density comprising AZ proteins, including Bruchpilot (Brp). In a previous study, we found that the signal from a fusion protein molecular marker consisting of Brp and mCherry becomes diffuse under continuous light over three days (LL), reflecting disassembly of the AZ, while remaining punctate under continuous darkness. To identify the molecular players controlling this synaptic remodeling, we used the fusion protein molecular marker and performed RNAi screening against 208 neuron-related transmembrane genes that are highly expressed in the Drosophila visual system. Second analyses using the STaR (synaptic tagging with recombination) technique, which showed a decrease in synapse number under the LL condition, and subsequent mutant and overexpression analysis confirmed that five genes are involved in the activity-dependent AZ disassembly. This work demonstrates the feasibility of identifying genes involved in activity-dependent synaptic remodeling in Drosophila, and also provides unexpected insight into the molecular mechanisms involved in cholesterol metabolism and biosynthesis of the insect molting hormone ecdysone.

著者

Wen-Chi Pan Szu-Yu Yeh Chih-Da Wu Yen-Tsung Huang Yu-Cheng Chen Chien-Jen Chen Hwai-I Yang

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JE20200082, (Released:2020-06-20)

参考文献数

45

被引用文献数

3

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Background: Exposure to traffic-related pollution is positively associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVD), but little was known about how different sources of traffic pollution (e.g. gasoline-powered cars, diesel-engine vehicles) contribute to CVD. Therefore, we evaluated the association between exposure to different types of engine exhaust and CVD mortality.Methods: We recruited 12,098 participants from REVEAL-HBV cohort in Taiwan. The CVD mortality in 2000-2014 was ascertained by the Taiwan Death Certificates. Traffic pollution sources (2005-2013) were based on information provided by the Directorate General of Highway in 2005. Exposure to PM2.5 was based on a land-use regression model. We applied Cox proportional hazard models to assess the association of traffic vehicle exposure and CVD mortality. A causal mediation analysis was applied to evaluate the mediation effect of PM2.5 on the relationship between traffic and CVD mortality.Results: A total of 382 CVD mortalities were identified from 2000 to 2014. We found participants exposed to higher volumes of small car and truck exhausts had an increased CVD mortality. The adjusted hazard ratio (HR) was 1.10 for small cars (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.94-1.27; p-value=0.23) and 1.24 for truck (95% CI, 1.03-1.51; p-value=0.03) per one unit increment of the logarithm scale. The findings were still robust with further adjustment for different types of vehicles. A causal mediation analysis revealed PM2.5 had an over 60% mediation effect on traffic-CVD association.Conclusions: Exposure to truck exhaust or gasoline-powered cars is positively associated with CVD mortality, and air pollution may play a role in this association.