著者

福島 朋子 沼山 博

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.86, no.5, pp.474-480, 2015 (Released:2015-12-25)

参考文献数

36

被引用文献数

5 2

---

This study examined differences in subjective well-being between parents and non-parents in middle age. An online survey was conducted with people from 45- to 60- years of age (N = 558). The subjective well-being scores were not significantly different between the above two groups. Multi-regression analysis suggested that the determinants affecting participants varied according to their gender and the presence of child. While bilateral activities as a married couple influenced their subjective well-beings, other influential factors included household income, social activities for women with a child, the involvement with future generation in childless women, and household income in men, regardless of parental status. The results for women suggest that generativity might play a key role in subjective well-being of the middle-aged women with no children as well as those with a child.

著者

山口 一大 敷島 千鶴 星野 崇宏 繁桝 算男 赤林 英夫

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.90.18221, (Released:2019-07-10)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

5

---

This study aimed to vertically scale the mathematics and Japanese academic ability tests of the Japan Child Panel Survey (JCPS) for elementary school first year students through junior high school third year students (grades 1-9 in the U.S.). We used an anchoring test design based on the item response theory. Two test samples were used: JCPS test participants (n = 3,916) and anchoring test participants (n = 7,210). After estimating the item parameters with a two-parameter logistic item response model, the equating coefficients were estimated with the Haebara method. The tests were scaled for elementary school fifth year (grade 5) in the end. The number of items included in the final analyses was 94 for mathematics and 108 for Japanese language studies. The mean level of estimated individual latent academic ability progressed according to grade level. Therefore, the JCPS tests appear to be able to capture the developmental changes of students from elementary school to junior high school. Future research should examine the relationship between children’s academic development and various factors, such as psychological traits or family environment, using the JCPS research data.

著者

住岡 恭子 井上 果子 福榮 太郎 小野 康男

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.89.17318, (Released:2018-11-15)

参考文献数

24

---

This study investigated university teachers’ engagement in students’ problems by conducting a free description survey. The relationship between the teachers’ personal attributes and their style of involvement with the students were analyzed. Of the 607 teachers surveyed, 207 responded (response rate: 34.1%). Of those, the responses given in the free description column by 78 teachers (12.9%) were coded into eight categories and analyzed, using quantification theory type 3. A scatter plot was formed, based on two axes, “Approach Management” and “Strict Protective.” Cluster analysis identified the following clusters: strict relationship, proactive commitment, and situational plasticity. The mean sample scores of each attribute showed gender differences in teachers’ engagement only in the “Strict Protective” axes, while other attributes, such as position and length of service, had no significant effect on the style of teachers’ engagement with the students.

著者

李 礼真 松本 芳之

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.82, no.5, pp.415-423, 2011 (Released:2012-02-27)

参考文献数

37

被引用文献数

2 5

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Hypothetical stories designed to arouse feelings of happiness, sadness, or anger were presented to Japanese (n = 310) and Koreans (n = 286) university students. They were asked to rate the intensity of the emotion experienced, and to select the corresponding facial expression to display in an individual situation and in a social situation. Analyses of covariance were conducted on the rating scores of facial expression using the intensities of emotion as the covariance, except for happiness where the within-class regression coefficients were not homogeneous. The results showed that Japanese and Koreans shared the emotional display rules about the expressions of emotions in individual situations more than in social situations. Japanese thought that they should suppress emotions more than Koreans did. Moreover, the differences in facial expressions between Japanese and Koreans were greater in the individual situations than in the social situations.

著者

中谷内 一也 工藤 大介 尾崎 拓

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.85, no.2, pp.139-147, 2014 (Released:2014-06-25)

参考文献数

42

被引用文献数

3 7

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This study investigated the levels of public trust in organizations associated with the Great East Japan Earthquake. In Study 1 (N = 639), the levels of trust in eight organizations as well as the determinants of trust–perceived salient value similarity (SVS), ability, and motivation– were measured twice, first immediately after the earthquake and then a year later. The results indicated that the trust levels for six of the eight organizations had been preserved, supporting the double asymmetric effect of trust. The results of structural equation modeling (SEM) revealed that SVS explained trust more when the organization had been less trusted. Trust in the organization explains well the perceived reduction of the target risk. The results of SEM in Study 2 (N = 1,030) replicated those of Study 1, suggesting the stability of the explanatory power of the determinants of trust. Implications of the study for risk management practices are discussed.

著者

小野 由莉花 及川 昌典 及川 晴

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.92, no.2, pp.79-88, 2021 (Released:2021-06-25)

参考文献数

65

---

心理学研究第92巻第2号掲載の小野 由莉花・及川 昌典・及川 晴樹著「性的過大知覚バイアス──恋愛プライミングと曖昧なメッセージが対人認知に及ぼす影響──」論文は,著者により取下げられました。

著者

澤田 忠幸

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.89.16330, (Released:2018-11-15)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

1

---

This study examined how the lifestyle of fathers of infants and their awareness of expectations from their wives are related to their life satisfaction and co-parenting behavior. Participants were 233 fathers whose youngest child was younger than five years. Based on their balance of energy investment among work, family, and personal activities, they were categorized into four lifestyle types. Based on their average scores of scales of awareness of expectations from their wives for working and co-parenting, they were also categorized into four groups. It was found that the fathers’ life satisfaction and co-parenting behavior were not different among the four lifestyles. Being aware of expectations from their wives for working and co-parenting, however, did influence their division of co-parenting behavior and their life satisfaction. These results were discussed on marital relation and traditional gender bias.

著者

田崎 勝也 申 知元

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.88, no.1, pp.32-42, 2017 (Released:2017-04-25)

参考文献数

43

被引用文献数

22 26

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This study attempts to identify response styles of Japanese students by cross-level and cross-national analyses. Tasaki and Ninomiya (2013) demonstrated the existence of an acquiescence response behavior of Japanese students based on the model by Billet and McClendon(2000), who measured latent response characteristics as “style factor.” In this study, we used a different response style measurement model proposed by Weijters, Schillewaert, & Geuens (2008) positing that response styles are psychological constructs and observed response style variables are summary indicators derived from sets of various, but independent, test items. Results of cross-national analyses indicated that Japanese and Korean participants were more likely to choose a mid-point response (MRS) and less likely to choose an acquiescence response (ARS) than American counterparts, but no significant difference was observed for an extreme response (ERS) among participants from the three nations. Within the Japanese response style model, cross-level analyses showed that ARS scores were significantly higher than ERS scores, indicating that Japanese participants had an acquiescence response style, consistent with the findings from Tasaki & Ninomiya (2013).

著者

澤田 匡人 藤井 勉

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.87.15316, (Released:2016-03-10)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

8 12

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This study focused on the differences between two subtypes of envy known as “benign envy” and “malicious envy” as personality traits, and examined the effects of these traits on academic achievement. Two hundred fifty-one university students participated in the study. Both benign envy and malicious envy were found to be independent as also found in a previous study by Lange & Crusius (2015), and a high criterion-related validity was revealed by an association with characteristic variables such as dispositional envy and self-esteem. The students with higher levels of benign envy were found to set goals higher, and as a result, achieved higher levels of academic performance. In contrast, no such effect was found for malicious envy. The importance of focusing more attention on the positive aspects of the emotion of envy is discussed.

著者

川崎 直樹 小塩 真司

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.92.19217, (Released:2021-03-31)

参考文献数

47

被引用文献数

6

---

The Pathological Narcissism Inventory (PNI), consisting of 7 sub-scales, was developed to comprehensively assess the components of narcissism, including not only grandiose but also vulnerable aspects. The purpose of this study was to develop the Japanese version of the Pathological Narcissism Inventory (PNI-J) and to examine its factor structure, reliability, and validity in the Japanese population. The results from 402 participants showed that the PNI-J has a factor structure that is nearly equivalent to the original PNI. Furthermore, the PNI-J had good test-retest reliability, and had a theoretically reasonable correlation with self-, interpersonal-, and personality-related variables. Additionally, the Japanese version of the Brief-Pathological Narcissism Inventory (B-PNI-J) was constructed based on previous research, demonstrating nearly the same properties as the full version. Thus, the PNI-J and the B-PNI-J can reflect the pathological features of narcissistic people in the Japanese population more comprehensively than other conventional measurement scales of narcissism.

著者

中村 敏 大河内 浩人

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.89.17317, (Released:2018-07-14)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

1

---

Verbal descriptions of reinforcement contingencies (rules) often exert control over human behavior. The present study investigated how rules affected behaviors when two participants partially communicated with each other during an experiment. Mouse clicks by undergraduate students produced points depending on a multiple fixedratio 50 differential-reinforcement-of-low-rate 10-s schedule. During interruptions in the multiple schedules, participants were asked to describe the schedule contingencies, and then a speaker read the rules to one of a pair of participants (a listener). Discrimination ratios for the listeners were significantly higher than those for participants who were not asked to describe the rules or listened to other’s rules. When both schedules changed to fixedinterval 10-s, all groups were sensitive to schedule changes. The results suggest that the acquisition of scheduleappropriate behavior was affected by instructions even though the instructions were given by individuals other than the experimenter and were imperfect. The results also suggest that the effects of rules and self-rules can be replicated in two-person experiments.

著者

山浦 一保 堀下 智子 金山 正樹

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.83, no.6, pp.517-525, 2013 (Released:2013-05-01)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

2 1

---

This experimental study investigated how leader-member exchange (LMX) and positive feedback pertinent to the goal is related to subordinates' responsibility, assessment of their supervisors, and feeling of being implicitly scolded, to elaborate and confirm the findings of Bezuijen et al. (2010). We hypothesized that positive feedback pertinent to the goal would be more effective compared to unrelated feedback. Secondly, we hypothesized that this effect would be moderated by the quality of LMX. Undergraduate students (29 male, 51 female; 20.4±.63 yrs) participated as subordinates in an experiment consisting of two sessions. The results supported our hypotheses. We found that the positive feedback pertinent to the goal led to increased levels of responsibility. This effect was greater under high-quality LMX conditions, but was inhibited under low-quality LMX conditions. In the high-quality LMX condition, subordinates who did not get any feedback decreased their responsibility, gave lower supervisor assessment ratings, and felt more strongly scolded than under conditions where they received feedback. We discussed the importance of the combination of the quality of the relationship and positive feedback related to the goal, and provided directions for future research.

著者

加藤 樹里 村田 光二

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.84, no.2, pp.138-145, 2013-06-25 (Released:2013-09-01)

参考文献数

28

被引用文献数

1 1

---

Two experiments investigated whether emotional responses of “kandoh” (the state of being emotionally moved) associated with sadness were facilitated by the factors of “finitude salience” and “social value intention”. We predicted that participants who strongly intended social value would be more strongly moved by movies that portrayed social values than participants who weakly intended social value. Furthermore we predicted that this difference would increase in the finitude salience condition. In both experiments, participants assigned to the finitude salience condition subtracted the years of the person’s birth from death. In the control condition, participants performed the same task in the form of simple numerical calculations. Then all participants watched a movie that portrayed family love and death in Experiment 1 (N = 88). We used another movie that described friendship and separation in Experiment 2 (N = 82). The results supported the two hypotheses that social value intention facilitated emotional responses of “kandoh” and this effect increased under finitude salience.

著者

鈴木 公基 桜井 茂男

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.74, no.3, pp.270-275, 2003-08-25 (Released:2010-07-16)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

4 1

---

The purpose of this study was to develop a Japanese Need for Closure Scale. In Study 1, Webster and Kruglanski's (1994) Need for Closure Scale was translated into Japanese, and administered to 240 undergraduates. Factor analysis of the Japanese version indicated that a three-factor structure was most appropriate. In Study 2, a revised scale was developed based on the result of Study 1, and administered to 577 undergraduates. Analysis of the revised Japanese Need for Closure Scale showed that it had sufficient internal consistency and test-retest reliability. In addition, confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the scale had a multidimensional structure. In Study 3, the scale was administered together with five relevant personality scales to 340 undergraduates, and sufficient construct validity of the scale was demonstrated.

著者

上倉 安代 大川 一郎 井手 正和 和田 真

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.91, no.4, pp.257-266, 2020 (Released:2020-10-25)

参考文献数

36

被引用文献数

2 1

---

In cognitive science, self-disturbance in schizophrenia is regarded as an unusual sense of body ownership. This study examined the possibility of discriminating self-disturbance between patients with schizophrenia and healthy individuals using the rubber hand illusion (RHI). We evaluated RHI in inpatients with schizophrenia with mainly negative symptoms (n = 26) and normal control subjects (n = 10). The group with schizophrenia had a significantly higher score than the control group on only the following item: “It seemed as if I might have an extra left hand,” suggesting that patients with schizophrenia have strong self-disturbance. This indicates that it is difficult for them to have an appropriate sense of body ownership and normal reality testing. The RHI evaluation might be useful as an assessment tool for schizophrenia since it is easy to use for evaluating self-disturbance, even when not recognized by patients with schizophrenia themselves. This study supports the usefulness of the RHI evaluation as a tool for assessing self-disturbance in patients with schizophrenia.

著者

小岩 広平 小松 眞峰 若島 孔文

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.91.19032, (Released:2020-09-15)

参考文献数

34

被引用文献数

4

---

In contemporary adolescent friendships, there is a problem of people attacking those who fail to “take a hint.” In this study, we introduced four scenarios in which one friend failed to “take a hint” based on Bateson’s concept of the communication mode. We also investigated the differences in the coping behavior that the adolescent chose, depending on their relationship with their group of friends. We conducted a questionnaire survey of 226 university students. As a result, four types of coping behaviors for people who failed to “take a hint” were found: “Ignore,” “Criticize,” “Jeer or Tease,” and “Follow Along.” Furthermore, an adolescent’s relationship with their friend group was associated with their coping behavior. Adolescents who built an avoidant friendship tended to choose “Ignore” as their coping behavior. On the other hand, adolescents who built a mob-like friendship were likely to choose “Jeer or Tease.” This discussion deals with the possibility of becoming sensitive to the people who fail to “take a hint,” if the adolescent needs the friendships in the group.

著者

吉野 伸哉 小塩 真司

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.91.19320, (Released:2020-09-15)

参考文献数

33

被引用文献数

2

---

The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between the Big Five personality traits and a person’s body mass index (BMI). We used three large datasets (survey 1, N = 3,063; survey 2, N = 4,242; survey 3, N = 17,471) including Japanese participants and examined the associations using correlation and multiple regression analyses. Consecutively, we conducted a meta-analysis including the results in the present study and a previous study. The results of these analyses show that Conscientiousness is consistently negatively associated with BMI. Extraversion is positively associated with BMI only for male participants. The pattern of relationships between the Big Five personality traits and BMI in Japan is similar to Western countries rather than to other East Asian countries. We discuss these associations in terms of eating habits and lifestyles.

著者

横田 晋大 結城 雅樹

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.80, no.3, pp.246-251, 2009 (Released:2012-03-14)

参考文献数

28

被引用文献数

5 2

---

Recent research has suggested that two distinct psychological processes lead to ingroup favoritism in the minimal group paradigm (MGP) : the motivation to gain positive intergroup distinctiveness, and the motivation to maintain intragroup cooperation. In this study, we tested a hypothesis based on the adaptationist perspective, that different situational cues suggesting intergroup threat or intragroup interdependence would elicit ingroup favoritism via these distinct psychological processes. Ninety-one Japanese undergraduates participated in a minimal group experiment and performed a reward allocation task. The results supported our predictions. Participants did not show ingroup favoritism in the control condition, where only pure ingroup-outgroup categorization was made. However, they showed ingroup favoritism when they were exposed to intergroup threat in an ostensibly unrelated task prior to reward allocation (intergroup threat condition). Moreover, a positive correlation between ingroup favoritism and the motivation to maximize positive intergroup distinctiveness was observed only in the intergroup threat condition. Likewise, participants showed ingroup favoritism in the interdependence condition, where they were presented with cues suggesting interdependence within the ingroup. The significance and implications of the findings are discussed.

著者

沼田 真美

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.90.18026, (Released:2019-09-20)

参考文献数

33

被引用文献数

2

---

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of overt and covert narcissism, isolated from self-esteem, on forgiveness, as mediated by cumulative humiliation. To test the validity of the model used in this study, structural equation modeling was performed on data collected from 388 undergraduate students. The results indicated that both overt and covert narcissism had direct, positive effects on revenge, and only covert narcissism, mediated by cumulative humiliation, had positive effects on revenge and avoidance and negative effects on benevolence. These findings suggest that overt and covert narcissism moderate revenge in order to recover self-evaluation. The results also suggest that covert narcissism had more negative effects on forgiveness.

著者

藤後 悦子 三好 真人 井梅 由美子 大橋 恵 川田 裕次郎

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.89, no.3, pp.309-315, 2018 (Released:2018-08-28)

参考文献数

23

被引用文献数

2

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Children’s community sports require assistance of parents, such as in overseeing practices and in transportation to and from game venues; this means that parents are deeply involved with the teams. Parents have both positive and negative experiences with respect to their children’s sports activities. As a qualitative survey, this study aimed to clarify the kind of negative experiences that mothers have regarding their children’s community sports activities and to explore the conditions necessary for building a better team environment. Eight mothers with children who belonged to the community sports team until “retirement” were interviewed. Through analysis using M-GTA, the six categories were extracted: Problems concerning children’s competitive activities, problems with coaches, difficulties in balancing their own lives and the children’s activities, problems concerning the interference from and expectations of fathers, problems related to roles and duties, and relationship problems between mothers. Based on these results, educational intervention for parents was shown to be necessary, and recommendations for the future sports environment are presented.