著者

駒澤 純 山田 茂

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.4, pp.367-384, 2006-08-01 (Released:2007-05-15)

参考文献数

120

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This review explores novel possibilities of skeletal muscle hypertrophy mechanism based on previous studies. Hypertrophy and/or regeneration of skeletal muscles are caused by activation of satellite cells, induced by mechanisms such as growth factors and cytokines. Many unsolved problems, however, yet remain concerning signaling pathways, activated by such substances, and regulation of transcriptional factors and cell cycles.In recent years, possible involvement of not only satellite cells but also tissue-specific stem cells in skeletal muscle hypertrophy has been reported from studies made on stem cell transplantation in muscle regeneration.It has been elucidated that differentiation plasticity of tissue-specific stem cells contributes to hypertrophy and/or regeneration of skeletal muscles. Moreover, satellite cells have come to be regarded as one kind of tissue-specific stem cells, since they have been known to exhibit diversity, by their differentiating into not only skeletal muscle cells but also other tissue cells, as well as self renewal capacity.This review also summarizes findings on signaling pathways based on ligand receptor characterization. Among the various signaling pathways, focus was especially placed on the possibilities of Wnt signaling pathway and Notch signaling pathway on skeletal muscle hypertrophy, indicating that Wnt expression in adult muscle stem cells leads to regulation of skeletal muscle hypertrophy.It has also become evident that Notch signaling pathway is associated with the activation of satellites cells, and that functional decline of such signaling pathway causes a decline in the activation of satellite cells. Such functional decline of Notch signaling pathway has also been revealed as the reason for the decline of regenerative capacity of skeletal muscles due to advancing age. Further discussion on the involvement of Notch signaling pathway in skeletal muscle hypertrophy is made based on these results. As indicated above, the roles of ligands and/or receptors of canonical growth factors, signaling pathways, and transcriptional factors contributing to skeletal muscle hypertrophy were reexamined in this review, after which the contribution of tissue-specific cells to skeletal muscle hypertrophy was discussed based on the results of muscle regeneration studies. Furthermore, focus was centered on Wnt and Notch signaling pathways, both of which are attracting renewed attention, and study was made on the possibility of the involvement of these pathways in skeletal muscle hypertrophy process.

著者

真田 樹義 宮地 元彦 山元 健太 村上 晴香 谷本 道哉 大森 由実 河野 寛 丸藤 祐子 塙 智史 家光 素行 田畑 泉 樋口 満 奥村 重年

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.3, pp.291-302, 2010 (Released:2010-07-15)

参考文献数

23

被引用文献数

17 8

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The purpose of this study was to develop prediction models of sarcopenia in 1,894 Japanese men and women aged 18-85 years. Reference values for sarcopenia (skeletal muscle index, SMI; appendicular muscle mass/height2, kg/m2) in each sex were defined as values two standard deviations (2SD) below the gender-specific means of this study reference data for young adults aged 18-40 years. Reference values for predisposition to sarcopenia (PSa) in each gender were also defined as values one standard deviations (1SD) below. The subjects aged 41 years or older were randomly separated into 2 groups, a model development group and a validation group. Appendicular muscle mass was measured by DXA. The reference values of sarcopenia were 6.87 kg/m2 and 5.46 kg/m2, and those of PSa were 7.77 kg/m2 and 6.12 kg/m2. The subjects with sarcopenia and PSa aged 41 years or older were 1.7% and 28.8% in men and 2.7% and 20.7% in women. The whole body bone mineral density of PSa was significantly lower than in normal subjects. The handgrip strength of PSa was significantly lower than in normal subjects. Stepwise regression analysis indicated that the body mass index (BMI), waist circumference and age were independently associated with SMI in men; and BMI, handgrip strength and waist circumference were independently associated with SMI in women. The SMI prediction equations were applied to the validation group, and strong correlations were also observed between the DXA-measured and predicted SMI in men and women. This study proposed the reference values of sarcopenia in Japanese men and women. The prediction models of SMI using anthropometric measurement are valid for alternative DXA-measured SMI in Japanese adults.

著者

前田 有美 横山 典子 高橋 康輝 土居 達也 松元 圭太郎 上野 裕文 久野 譜也

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.56, no.2, pp.269-278, 2007-04-01 (Released:2007-05-25)

参考文献数

43

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of combined resistance training and aerobic training with protein intake after resistance training on body composition in obese middle-aged women. The subjects were 42 middle-aged women (age : 56.5±4.3 years, BMI : 26.6±2.3 kg/m2), who were classified into three supplementation groups: Protein group (PG), Isocalorie placebo group (IG), and Noncalorie placebo group (CG) by Double Blind Randomized Trial. The training program consisted of combined resistance training and aerobic training for 10 weeks, 5 times per week: twice a week in a university training room and 3 times per week at home. The subjects took the nutrient supplement immediately after each resistance training session. We measured body weight (Bw), body fat volume (Bf) by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), and cross-sectional area (CSA) of muscle of the thigh extensor group (Te), flexor group (Tf), and psoas major (Pm) by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) before and after the 10-week training period. Irrespective of group, Bw and Bf showed a significant decrease after the training period compared to before (p<0.001), and the CSA of Te muscle showed a significant increase after the training period (p<0.01). Moreover, the interaction of time×group was accepted in the CSA of Pm muscle (p<0.05), and the increase in muscle volume for PG was the highest increase among the three supplementation groups (p<0.05)(PG : 2.1±0.8 cm2, IG : 1.3±1.0 cm2, CG : 1.3±0.9 cm2). These results suggest that combined training in middle-aged obese women improves body composition, and resistance training with protein intake may increase the CSA of muscle of psoas major.

著者

征矢 英昭 菊池 章人

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, no.1, pp.9, 2018 (Released:2018-01-19)

参考文献数

3

著者

図子 浩二 高松 薫

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.1, pp.147-154, 1995-02-01

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

4 9

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本研究では, 跳躍選手や球技選手が必要とするバリスティックな伸張―短縮サイクル運動の遂行能力を高めることに対して, 筋力および瞬発力を高めることが, どのような意味を持つのかについて, 健康な男子体育専攻学生99名を用いて検討した.<BR>バリスティックな伸張一短縮サイクル運動の遂行能力を評価するための指標として, RDJ<SUB>index</SUB>を測定した.また, 筋力を評価するための指標として, スクワット姿勢による最大脚伸展力 (Smax/BW) , 瞬発力を評価する指標として, 垂直跳の跳躍高 (CMJh) をそれぞれ測定した.なお, RDJ<SUB>index</SUB>は, 台高0.3mからのリバウンドドロップジャンプにおける滞空時間 (RDJt<SUB>a</SUB>) から求めた跳躍高を踏切時間 (RDJt<SUB>c</SUB>) で除したものであり, できるだけ短い踏切時間によって高い跳躍高を獲得するための能力を評価するものである.<BR>本研究の結果は次の通りである.<BR>(1) RDJ<SUB>index</SUB>, Smax/BW, CMJhの相互間には, いずれも有意な相関関係が認められたが, 相関係数はあまり高い値ではなかった.このことは, 三つの指標は, いずれも脚の筋力およびパワー発揮に関する特性を表すものであるが, 相互の類似性は必ずしも高くないことを示唆するものである.<BR>(2) RDJ<SUB>index</SUB>を構成する要因であるRDJt<SUB>c</SUB>とRDJt<SUB>a</SUB>との間には, 有意な相関関係は認められなかった.このことは, バリスティックな伸張一短縮サイクル運動の遂行能力が, 運動遂行時間の短縮能力と高い跳躍高の獲得能力の二つの独立した異なる能力によって決定されることを示唆するものである.<BR>(3) RDJt<SUB>a</SUB>とSmax/BW, RDJt<SUB>a</SUB>とCMJhとの間には, いずれも有意な相関関係が認められた.しかし, RDJt<SUB>c</SUB>とSmax/BW, RDJt<SUB>c</SUB>とCMJhとの間には, いずれも有意な相関関係は認められなかった.これらのことは, 筋力や瞬発力は, 高い跳躍高の獲得能力には関係するが, 運動遂行時間の短縮能力には必ずしも関係しないことを示唆するものである.<BR>(4) RDJ<SUB>index</SUB>が同じ値であっても, RDJt<SUB>c</SUB>とRDJt<SUB>a</SUB>には大きな個人差のあることが認められた.このことは, トレーニングの主なねらいが, 高い跳躍高の獲得能力にある者もいれば, 運動遂行時間の短縮能力にある者もいることを示唆するものである.<BR>本研究で明らかにしたバリスティックな伸張―短縮サイクル運動の遂行能力と, 筋力および瞬発力との関係は, 跳躍選手や球技選手などの筋力・パワートレーニング法に関する一つの有用な知見になるものと考えられる.

著者

吉田 敬義

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:18814751)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.4, pp.406-414, 1993-08-01 (Released:2010-09-30)

著者

千村 晃

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.1, pp.128, 2014 (Released:2014-01-24)

参考文献数

2

著者

苅山 靖 林 陵平 吉田 拓矢 図子 あまね 図子 浩太佑 図子 浩二

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, no.2, pp.187-197, 2018-04-01 (Released:2018-03-16)

参考文献数

44

被引用文献数

1

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Movement control and muscle function for pelvic movement in the frontal plane (pelvic elevation) are important for various single-leg sports activities. We aimed to clarify mechanical characteristics of pelvic squat (P-Sq: single-leg squat exercise with emphasis on pelvic elevation, developed by our research group) compared with the double-leg squat (D-Sq) and single-leg squat (S-Sq). Twelve male track and field athletes performed D-Sq, S-Sq, and P-Sq exercises at various loads (90%, 75%, and 60% of 1-repetition maximum [1RM]), using maximum effort. Kinematic and kinetic data were calculated using data recorded with a motion capture system and force platforms. We observed the highest values with P-Sq, followed by S-Sq and D-Sq under all load conditions as follows: peak vertical ground reaction force and rate of force development (RFD), range of pelvic elevation, peak pelvic elevation velocity, peak powers associated with hip abduction torque and trunk lateral flexion torque. In P-Sq, RFD at 90% 1RM was smaller than under the other load conditions, whereas peak vertical ground reaction force at 90% 1RM was larger than under the other load conditions. There were no differences among load conditions with regard to hip abduction and trunk lateral flexion torques and powers. Therefore, characteristics of P-Sq compared to those of D-Sq and S-Sq are 1) larger and faster pelvic elevation, using related muscles (hip abductors and trunk lateral flexors) under all load conditions, 2) larger peak ground reaction force with pelvic elevation under large load conditions, and larger RFD in pelvic elevation under low load conditions.

著者

半田 徹 加藤 浩人 長谷川 伸 岡田 純一 加藤 清忠

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.2, pp.159-168, 2005 (Released:2006-12-01)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

3 7

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To compare the effectiveness of five different muscle training movements on the biceps brachii, latissimus dorsi and trapezius muscles, eight weight-trained men (age, 20.4±0.5 years) were asked to perform three repetitions, at 70% one repetition maximum, of upright rowing (UR) and bent-over rowing (BR) exercises using a barbell ; and seated rowing (SR), front lat pull-down (LPf) and back lat pull-down (LPb) exercises using a Universal Machine. The activities of the biceps brachii, latissimus dorsi, and trapezius during the elbow flexsion and elbow extension phases of each exercise were analyzed using integrated electromyography (EMG) and normalized I-EMG. The results were as follows :1. The mean nrmsEMG values for the biceps brachii were larger during UR and LPf exercises than during BR, SR, and LPb exercises, suggesting that UR and LPf are more effective than the other movements for training the biceps brachii. The mean nrmsEMG values for the latissimus dorsi were larger during SR, LPf, and LPb exercises, followed by BR and UR exercises (in descending order), suggesting that SR, LPf, and LPb exercises are more effective than the other movements for training the latissimus dorsi.2. The mean nrmsEMG values for the upper trapezius were larger during UR and BR exercises than during SR, LPf, and LPb exercises, suggesting that UR and BR exercises are more effective than the other movements for training the upper trapezius. The mean nrmsEMG values for the middle trapezius were larger during BR and SR exercises than during UR, LPf, and LPb exercises, suggesting that BR and SR exercises are more effective than the other movements for training the middle trapezius. The mean nrmsEMG values for the lower trapezius were larger during BR exercise than during other movements, suggesting that BR exercise is more effective than the other movements for training the lower trapezius.3. In all the exercises, each muscle showed a higher nrmsEMG value during the elbow flexsion phase than during the elbow extension phase. This observation suggests that the training method examined in this study should emphasize the elbow flexsion movement.The present results suggest that UR exercise is the most effective movement for training the biceps brachii and upper trapezius, BR is most effective for training the upper trapezius, middle trapezius and lower trapezius, SR is most effective for training the latissimus dorsi and middle trapezius, LPf is most effective for training the biceps brachii and latissimus dorsi, and LPb is most effective for training the latissimus dorsi.

著者

福 典之

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:18814751)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.1, pp.28-28, 2012 (Released:2012-03-14)

著者

相澤 勝治

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.5, pp.455-462, 2016-10-01 (Released:2016-10-03)

参考文献数

47

被引用文献数

2

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The plasticity of skeletal muscle facilitates adaptation to various stimuli. Sex steroid hormones (androgens and estrogens) are involved in a variety of physiological and pathological processes. In skeletal muscle, sex steroid hormones affect growth, strength, metabolism, and antioxidant levels and are associated with exercise-induced skeletal muscular adaptation. Sex steroid hormone levels also decrease with aging and are thought to be a factor in muscle atrophy. Though sex steroid hormones play an important role in skeletal muscular homeostasis, the role of the endocrine system in muscle plasticity is unknown. Sex steroid hormones are synthesized from cholesterol by steroidogenic enzymes, such as 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD), and 17β-HSD, with testosterone being irreversibly converted to estrogen by aromatase cytochrome P450 (P450arom). Testosterone is also converted into its bioactive metabolite dihydrotestosterone (DHT) by 5α-reductase. Sex steroid hormones are produced by various peripheral target tissues including the kidney, liver, and brain in addition to endocrine organs such as the testis or ovary in the recent research. For instance, steroidogenic enzymes expressed in skeletal muscle have been reported to locally synthesize sex steroid hormones from circulating dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) or testosterone in response to exercise. Thus, local steroidogenesis in skeletal muscle provides further evidence for the presence of an autocrine/paracrine system for sex steroid hormones and their roles in skeletal muscle function and adaptation. This review focuses on the steroidogenesis of skeletal muscle and discusses the physiological significance of the sex steroid hormones network of circulation and skeletal muscle.

著者

TAKASHI ABE YOSHIMI TAKIGUCHI MASAHIRO TAMURA JUNKO SHIMURA KEN-ICHI YAMAZAKI

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.2, pp.225-237, 1995-04-01 (Released:2010-09-30)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

13 19

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For endurance exercise in swimming mice, 1.8% VAAM (Vespaamino acid mixtiure) which has the same amino acid components as hornet (Vespamandarinia) larval saliva, 1.8% casein amino acid mixture (CAAM), 10% glucose, or amino acid mixtures in which the amino acids were varied while maintaining the same molar ratio as VAAM were administered orally to mice. Mice recieving 1.8% VAAM showed significantly longer maximum swimming times than mice receiving other nutrients. Among these nutrients, mixtures of proline, glycine, and essential amino acid mixture (EAAM) from the VAAM component, showed maximum times near those with VAAM. In swimming exercise in mice earring of 0.3g tail weight, mice administered 1.8% VAAM showed lower blood lactate concentrations and higher blood glucose concentrations than mice recieving other nutrients. Mice recieving 1.8% VAAM also had lower lactate concentrations in muscle as well as blood. This suggests that VAAM suppresses lactate production and glucose catabolism during exercise. The effects of hornet larval saliva were stronger than those of VAAM. VAAM therefore showed the major effect of the saliva. The results suggest that VAAM improves physiological condition during endurance exercise. A positive correlation was observed between the blood concentrations of lactate and glucose in exercising mice administered various nutrients (r=0.779) . This suggests metabolic equilibration between glucose and lactate during exercise. A positive correlation (r=0.507) was also found between the maximum swimming time and blood glucose concentration. Maximum swimming times were highest at low (Ca. 2.5 mMol) and high (Ca. 4.0 mMol) blood lactate concentrations in high blood glucose concentrations. These facts support that glucose homeostasis is important in prolonged exercise.

著者

小野 悠介 永富 良一 Peter S. Zammit

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.1, pp.25-25, 2010 (Released:2010-04-16)

被引用文献数

3

著者

三井 利仁

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.1, pp.60-60, 2016

著者

大平 充宣 石原 昭彦

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, no.1, pp.165-171, 2002-02-01 (Released:2010-09-30)

参考文献数

28

著者

齊藤 美奈子 加賀谷 〓彦 森井 秀樹 中川 喜直 木村 直人 吉田 博幸 広田 公一

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.1, pp.31-40, 1991

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大学の男子競歩選手5名 (選手群) と体育専攻男子大学生5名 (対照群) を被検者とし, 競歩と普通歩行におけるスピードと酸素需要量・歩長, 歩数の関係から, 競歩の特性, 競歩の健康の維持・増進のための運動としての有用性について検討を行ったが, その結果, 次のように要約された.<BR>1.本研究における競歩の限界スピードは, 選手群が200~220m/min, 対照群が160m/minであった.普通歩行の限界スピードは両群とも140m/minであった.<BR>2.競歩と普通歩行の境界スピードは, 両群とも約130m/minにみることができ, 普通歩行はその直後に限界に達しているが, 約130m/minより低スピードにおいて, 競歩は普通歩行より効率が悪いが, それ以上のスピードでは効率が良いということがわかった.<BR>3.選手群の普通歩行, 対照群の両歩行のoptimal speedは60m/minであった.これに対し, 選手群の競歩におけるoptimal speedは60~80m/minであり, やや高いスピードまでみることができた.<BR>4.選手群は, 両歩行とも対照群のそれより同一スピードにおいて小さい酸素需要量を示しており効率よく歩くことができた.<BR>5.選手群は, 競歩において歩行の限界まで歩長, 歩数とも増加を示したが, 選手群の普通歩行と対照群の両歩行は, 歩幅が80cm付近で, 歩長が限界に達し, その後のスピードの増加は, 歩数の増加によって得ているが, やがて歩数の増加も限界に達し, 歩行困難になるということがわかった.<BR>6.競歩における選手群と対照群の歩長と歩数の差を比較すると, 歩数より歩長に大きな違いをみることができ, 速いスピードまで歩くには, 歩長を大きくできることが条件になると考えられる.<BR>7.対照群に競歩を行わせた場合, 選手群ほど歩長を伸ばすことはできず, 歩行スピードを高めることはできないが, 普通歩行よりは速いスピードの160m/minまで歩行を可能とし, この時, 77.5%Vo<SUB>2</SUB>maxの強度に相当する運動を行うことができた.これにより, 競歩は呼吸循環器系の改善に十分効果的な強度の運動法であることが示唆された.

著者

熊谷 秋三 右田 孝志 花村 茂美 日高 己喜 森山 善彦 佐々木 悠

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.4, pp.415-421, 1997-08-01 (Released:2010-09-30)

参考文献数

34

被引用文献数

1 2

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本研究は, 男子大学生の陸上長距離選手 (n=12) のHDL-cと性ホルモン, SHBG及びOBLA-SPで測定された体力との関連性を横断的に検討ことが目的である.陸上長距離選手のHDL-c水準は高水準 (平均67.8mg/dl) にあったが, 大きな個体差 (44~93mg/d1) が認められた.血中エストラディオール (E2) は, Apo AIとの間に有意な正相関を認めた.遊離テストステロンは, HDL3-c及びApo AIIとの間に有意な正相関を認めた.また, SHBGはHDL-c及びHDL2-cとの間に有意な正の相関を認めた.年令, 体脂肪率, 体脂肪分布尺度および体力と脂質代謝指標との間には, 有意な相関は認めなかった.これらの成績より, トレーニングされた陸上長距離選手においても, 男性ホルモンおよびSHBGのみでなく女性ホルモンもHDL-c代謝に深く関与しており, 有酸素トレーニング状態におけるHDL-c水準の個体間変動に性ホルモンの関与が示唆された.

著者

小倉 裕司 内藤 久士

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.57, no.1, pp.48-48, 2008-02-01 (Released:2008-08-06)

著者

江崎 和希 宮上 寛之 圓 吉夫

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.4, pp.429-439, 1996-08-01 (Released:2010-09-30)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

1

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本研究は, 初心者や一般愛好家の参加が認められているトライアスロン競技のなかの一つであるミドルディスタンスタイプを取り上げ, 被検者8名を対象とし, それが生体にどのような影響を及ぼすかということについてロングディスタンスタイプのトライアスロン競技の値との差を比較検討することを目的とした.採血は, 競技前日, 競技終了直後, 競技翌日に行った.1) RBC, Hb, 血糖値は, 競技前日, 競技終了直後, 競技翌日において有意な変動はみられなかった.2) WBCは, 競技終了直後, 有意な上昇を示し, 競技翌日には, 競技前日の値に回復した.3) 血清CPK, LDH, GOT活性値は, 競技直後, 有意な上昇を示した.さらに血清CPK活性値は, 競技翌日, 競技前日の値に比べ著しい上昇を示した.4) 腎機能を反映する血清クレアチニン値は, 競技終了直後, 有意な上昇を示したが, 翌日には競技前日の値へ回復した.また, 血清尿酸, 血清BUNは, 競技終了直後, 有意な上昇を示し翌日も同様な値を維持していた.これらの結果とロングディスタンスタイプのトライアスロン競技の先行研究の値と比較検討した結果, ミドルディスタンスタイプのトライアスロン競技は, 血清CPK活性値の上昇率が6分の1ほどであり, 血清GOT活性値や血清GPT活性値の上昇率も比較的少なかった.このことからミドルディスタンスタイプのトライアスロン競技は, 骨格筋や肝臓への影響が比較的少ないことが示唆された.しかし, すべての酵素活性とも安静時あたりより明らかに上昇しており, 生体への影響は無視できないと考えられる.また, 初心者や一般愛好家がトライアスロン競技に参加するうえで, 自分の体力レベルを十分に把握し, レベルに合わせたレースを楽しむならば, ミドルディスタンスタイプのトライアスロン競技は, ロングディスタンスタイプのトライアスロン競技に比べ生体への負担が少ないと考えられた.

著者

三野 耕 成山 公一

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.1, pp.127-139, 1996-02-01 (Released:2010-09-30)

参考文献数

28

被引用文献数

3

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A longitudinal study was conducted to determine the physical maturity characteristics of athletes engaged in the following extracurricular sports activities over the three-year junior high school period: basketball (N=40), baseball (N=130), volleyball (N=54), soccer (N=86) and a non-athletic group (N=37) which did not participate in sports.Each athlete's maturity was determined from the age of maximum increment in height (MIA) of each individual. Longitudinal stature measurements were recorded annually in April for 12 years period from 6 to 18 years of age.The study yielded the following results:1. The MIA distributions of all the sporting groups were distinctly larger than that of the non-athletic group, increasing with each chronological age step on the distance curve and annual increase in height curve. The MIA mean value for the soccer group was significantly higher (P<0.05) than those of the non-athletic and all the other sporting groups.2. The soccer group was significantly slighter (P<0.05) in stature than all the other sporting groups.3. Subjects who played baseball throughout high school reached physical maturity earlier than those who only played throughout junior high school. However, those who continued to play soccer throughout high school reached maturity later than those who only played throughout junior high school.