著者

弓削田 綾乃

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

日本体育学会大会号

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, 2003

著者

野口 亜弥 小笠原 悦子

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, pp.349-366, 2020 (Released:2020-06-30)

参考文献数

67

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In 2014, after it was decided that Japan would host the Tokyo 2020 Olympic and Paralympic Games, discussions about utilizing sports to tackle social issues, referred to as Sport for Development and Peace (SDP), have increased. Additionally, Japanese policies on women’s participation in business have been reinforced since 2012, when the Japanese cabinet office included it as a key aspect of the nation’s growth strategy. With these trends in Japan, Japan’s Second Basic Sport Plan, established in 2017, included the first strategy for development of women and sports in Japan. Therefore, discussions of how sports can contribute to women’s participation in society have increased. While some previous research has focused on either sports policy or sports and women in general, few studies have been conducted on women and sports in Japanese policy development. Therefore, the present paper examines how the global movement for women and sports and the Japanese national growth strategy can influence women’s position in sports and the perception of gender in sports policy. The data are analyzed historically in an attempt to derive a perception of future directions in Japanese sports policy. The “Development plus sport” and “Sport plus development” models, which categorize development and sport initiatives into 2 categories, were applied in this study as an analytical framework. To understand the global women and sports movement, documents related to the UN, UNESCO, UN Women, IOC and IWG were analyzed. Official documents related to women and sports published by the Japanese government and the government budget concerning women and sports are also examined. The results indicated that the most significant improvement in the relationship between women and sports occurred when both the development and sports sectors were simultaneously interested in using sports to improve gender equality. Many of the previous Japanese sports policies had targeted only women. However, from a “Sport plus development” perspective, it is suggested that a gender and development (GAD) approach needs to be considered in sports policy development. This could result in changes to gendered division of labor, social and organizational structure, and regulation. From the “Development plus sport” perspective, compared to other countries, Japan has not actively used sports to contribute to gender equality in society. SDP projects related to gender that have already been implemented in other countries could be applied to gender issues in Japan.

著者

角川 隆明 萬久 博敏 荻田 太

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, no.1, pp.385-400, 2019-06-17 (Released:2019-06-25)

参考文献数

32

被引用文献数

2

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Through pressure measurement and underwater motion capture analysis, the aim of this study was to clarify how propulsive forces, Froude efficiency, and stroke parameters change with swimming velocity during front-crawl swimming. Eight male swimmers performed 2 trials, once using pressure measurement and underwater motion capture analysis and once using a MAD system. In the analysis using pressure measurement and underwater motion capture, each swimmer performed 16-m front-crawl swimming 10 times at various velocities. During the trials, pressure forces acting on the hand and hand kinematics were analyzed to obtain the hand propulsive forces at each velocity. In the analysis using the MAD system, each swimmer performed 25-m front-crawl swimming 10 times at various velocities while pushing the pad set under the water, and the propulsive force at each velocity was obtained from the pushing force of the pad. This revealed that the mean propulsive force increased exponentially with the increase in mean swimming velocity, and the propulsive index n was 2.62 on average for the 8 participants. Maximal propulsive forces and maximal propulsive powers at maximum were significantly correlated with the results obtained using the MAD system. Froude efficiency varied considerably among the participants, being 0.54 ± 0.05 on average for all trials.

著者

若田部 舜 林 容市

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.20070, (Released:2021-01-15)

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The purpose of this study was to compare the ability to control elbow joint angle in imposed external load condition and in no load condition, and to provide fundamental data for the ability to control elbow joint angle that imposed external load. Fourteen male college students (21 .4 ± 0 0.7 yr s) participated in the experiment experiment. The participantparticipants attempted to flex their elbow to a target angle with their eyes closed closed, with and without external load load. Under the external load condition condition, 6 levels of external load starting at 10 %1RM with 10 10% increments up to 60 60%1RM were applied applied. The target angles were 15º , 30º , 45º , 60º , and 90º . We calculated the difference between the target angle and actual joint angle angle. As a result, r egardless of the external load load, participant s we re able to control their elbow joint angl e at the stages of target angles angles. They were able to grade their elbow joint angle angle. In target 15º , the absolute error was bigger than in the target 30º . %iEMG of biceps and triceps were smaller as target angles became bigger bigger, and %iEMG were bigger as external loads became bigger bigger. It was suggested that external load could not influence on the ability to control elbow joint angle.

著者

坂本 史生

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

日本体育学会大会予稿集

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, 2012

著者

小岩 瑶

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

日本体育学会大会予稿集

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, 2014

著者

鈴木 敏夫

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

日本体育学会大会号 第30回(1979) (ISSN:24330183)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.86, 1979 (Released:2017-08-25)

著者

小島 匡治

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

日本体育学会大会予稿集

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, pp.294_1, 2017

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<p> スポーツ基本法や2020年東京パラリンピック開催などを背景に、障害者スポーツへの理解促進と共生社会実現の取組が進められている。競技レベルの認知度が高まる一方で、レクリエーションや日常生活レベルに対する環境整備も課題となる。そのような中で我々は、高校卒業後成人移行期にある重度肢体不自由者対象の支援を試みている。この対象群は、卒後の生活環境変化から余暇が上手く過ごせず、身体的疲労やストレス蓄積などの問題を抱え、それが生活習慣病や二次障害を引き起こすことも予測される。また、外出には介助が必要なため、家族の負担が高まるなどの問題も抱える。そこで、平成26年度より、作業所帰りにスポーツセンターで同様な課題を抱える同世代の仲間と運動・スポーツに親しみながら、運動習慣のきっかけづくりを支援するプログラムに取組んできた。その結果、スポーツを通じた健康管理をより主体的に行なうようになるなどの変化が現れている。そこで、今回は、これまでの実践結果を考察し、今後に向けた支援のポイントを報告する。</p>

著者

加賀谷 淳子

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.5, pp.429-442, 2001-09-10 (Released:2017-09-27)

被引用文献数

4 5

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The recent development of non-invasive ultrasound for studying blood flow has contributed to knowledge about changes in blood flow to exercising muscle. Using this method, the vessel diameter of conduit arteries, such as the femoral artery and brachial artery, was measured. The diameter of the brachial artery tncreased as handgrip exercise was prolonged, though no changes in diameter were observed in the femoral artery during knee extension exercise. Blood flow to the muscle was impeded mechanically by muscle contraction due to the increased intramuscular pressure even at low intensity (10% MVC). A greater reduction of muscle blood flow was demonstrated during the concentric phase, and it recovered toward the baseline during the eccentric phase. The effect of geometrical changes in muscle fibers on muscle circulation remained to be studied. The Doppler ultrasound method with good time resolution allowed us to investigate the time course of blood flow changes during exercise. The results of previous studies indicated a faster adaptation of muscle blood flow at the onset of exercise, followed by a steady state or gradual increase toward the end of exercise, depending on the exercise intensity. Redistribution of blood flow between active muscles has been an issue of interest; several studies indicated blood flow reduction during combined exercise and others did not. Further studies should be conducted focusing on the combination of the exercise intensity of individual muscle recruited during exercise. Muscle blood flow plays a key role in determining muscle endurance capacity. However, it is still unknown how high muscle blood flow increases during exercise. Accumulation of knowledge about exercise-induced maximal blood flow is needed in relation to training, exercise mode, exercise intensity, exercise frequency and contraction/relaxation schedule during the duty cycle.

著者

鈴木 康弘 伊藤 穣 高橋 英幸 高松 薫

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

日本体育学会大会号 第52回(2001) (ISSN:24330183)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.294, 2001-08-10 (Released:2017-08-25)

著者

西村 秀樹

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.4, pp.283-300, 1989-03-01 (Released:2017-09-27)

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In ancient times of Japan, people created various ceremonies in order to operate the holy i.e. supernatural mystic power which brought them the feeling of awe, and play acted an important of the ceremony to manage the holy. By indicating the similarities between play and religion or how play element were located in holy world, Huizinaga tries to suggest that play takes its seat at the central part of holy world. In ancient times of Japan, Mana, or spirit was the holy power of governing the order of universal revolution which is absolutely beyond human control. One of the methods which operated holy power and attached it to things was the incantation of Tamafuri which means play. Universal order was believed to be renewed by attaching spirit to things. Everything in universe has circular rhythm of life and death just as plants repeat their growth and withering with the circulation of four seasons. Life means here cosmos the condition where universal order throbs, while death. means chaos where universal order has aged or stopped. Play successfully functioned to develop the rhythm of life-death-life, namely, cosmos-chaos-cosmos of the circulation of universe by operating spirit. Tamafuri renewed life and regenerated cosmos by expressing the rhythm of universal circulation, cosmos in a broad sense, symbolically. The rhythm of universal circulation settles in the sphere of unconsciousness of human beings as Archetypus, and the rhythm as Archetypus can be felt only through the symbol which appears from Archetypus by withdrawing psychological energy libido to the sphere of unconsciousness. The unconscious rhythm was felt by playing Tamafuri and the rhythm diffused and affected all things in universe. By playing Tamafuri, people in those days felt the attachment of Mana which was the projection of unconsciousness as well as rhythm, and considered that the renewal of life or the regeneration of cosmos was realized.

著者

綿井 永寿 山田 良樹 伊藤 孝 倉掛 重精 西山 常夫 藤江 正 小跨 武司

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, no.5, 1969

著者

野中 由紀 安藤 真太郎 鳥屋 智大 山田 幸雄

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

日本体育学会大会予稿集

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, pp.275_2, 2016

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<p> 卓球競技においてカット主戦型は、攻撃型に比べて数が少ないが、女子では世界トップ50位以内(2016年5月国際卓球連盟発表)に12名がランクインするなど、近年徐々に増加傾向にある。国際大会上位進出には、カット主戦型攻略は必須の課題である。2016年世界卓球選手権大会(団体)では、ある世界ランク20位以内の攻撃型選手が、同ランク30位台、80位台のカット主戦型延べ3名と対戦し、1戦目勝利、2戦目敗北、3戦目勝利の結果であった。このように1大会において、幾度も、また同じ選手と対戦することが実際に発生するため、短期間での戦術変化が必要である。しかし、この点に着目した研究はあまり見られない。そこで本研究は、ある攻撃型選手が1大会中にカット主戦型と対戦した試合を抽出、野中ら(2016)の方法を用いて1試合ごとに分析・比較し、各試合の特徴、及び戦術変化を明らかにすることを目的とした。その結果、平均ラリー打球回数、使用技術、最終打となった技術で差は見られなかったが、使用するコースにおいて有意差が見られる結果となった。このことから、勝敗の要因や1大会中にすぐに実践できる戦術変化として、コースの選択が重要であることが明らかになった。</p>

著者

熊原 秀晃 西田 順一 坂井 洋子 金平 真由美 金平 桂一郎 進藤 宗洋 田中 宏暁

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.1, pp.251-261, 2014 (Released:2014-06-13)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

2

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of acute exercise mimicking boxing on affect and mood states. In a randomized crossover design, 16 adults (35.8±6.6 yrs) underwent both a boxing exercise program based on shadow boxing (Boxing) as well as a boxing program combined with a focus mitts workout (pad work) (Boxing+Mitts). The Waseda Affect Scale of Exercise and Durable Activity (WASEDA) and the Profile of Mood States-Brief Form (POMS-Brief) were administered before and after both exercise programs. There were no gender differences in any psychological scales before and after the programs as well as in heart rate during exercise. The Boxing+Mitts program tended to show a lower exercise intensity, defined as the percentage of the average heat rate reserve (HRR), than the Boxing program (40.4±13.3 vs. 50.4±17.5%HRR, p<0.10). However, both programs were considered to give a moderate level of exercise intensity on average, which is regarded as the minimum intensity required to improve individual cardiorespiratory fitness. The Boxing program significantly improved all 3 scales of negative affect, positive engagement and tranquility assessed by the WASEDA. Moreover, the POMS-Brief showed an iceberg profile after the program, which was followed by significant decreases in the scores of tension-anxiety, depression-dejection, anger-hostility and confusion, and a significant increase in the vigor score. In addition, a composite score of total mood disturbance calculated by summing the subscale scores changed in a positive direction. The Boxing+Mitts program was shown to lead to similar changes in the WASEDA and POMS-Brief. However, no significant program×time interactions (by two-way ANOVA) were observed in any of the scales. These results indicate that acute boxing-style exercise programs would improve negative psychological variables and enhance both feelings of pleasant activation, as well as relaxation. A further study is warranted to explore whether any long-term (chronic) effects on mental health exist, and to compare these programs with other modes of exercise.

著者

松崎 淳 服部 勉 長ヶ原 誠

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

日本体育学会大会予稿集

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, pp.80_2, 2017

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<p> 東日本大震災発生以降、スポーツの分野で被災地の住民に向けたスポーツ教室などの被災者や地域の復興を目指した活動が行われている。震災発生後の市民マラソン大会に着目すると、大会名の中に復興を表すキーワードを含む、被災地をコースとする、参加費用を復興義援金にする大会が開催されて市民マラソン大会の参加者数、開催数、開催自治体数が増加していた。本研究の目的は、東北三県の自治体における震災発生前後の市民マラソン大会動向と復興への効果を明らかにすることである。研究の結果、震災後の市民マラソン大会の参加者数、開催数、開催自治体数が増加し、震災復興を目的とした大会が開催された。大会開催地の変化では、震災発生後に被災地で震災復興目的の大会が多く開催され、被災地でない自治体も自らの地域をPRする大会を開催するだけでなく、県全域の復興状況を県内外の参加者に発信するイベントを含んだ大会が実施されていた。テキストマイニングによる分析の結果、大会参加者の口コミからは、自らの競技、沿道の人々やボランティア、大会開催地へのアクセス、地域環境、震災に対する評価と5つに分類することができた。</p>

著者

平賀 孟 石崎 竜雄 西山 逸成 石田 昌久 古屋 敏雄

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.5, 1968

著者

川辺 光

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

日本体育学会大会号

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, 1978

著者

中澤 翔 秋元 大和 山代 幸哉 佐藤 大輔 丸山 敦夫

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

日本体育学会大会予稿集

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, pp.274_1, 2016

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<p> 中長距離選手の走の経済性(RE)に及ぼすSSC(stretch-shorten cycle)の影響に関する研究では、プライオメトリックトレーニングと競技成績の関係に関する報告がいくつかある。しかし、SSC能力が走の経済性に及ぼす影響についてはあまり報告されていない。本研究は大学男子中長距離選手12名を対象に、VO₂16km、% VO₂max(VO₂16km/ VO₂max)、16km/h走行時の重心上下動(GH)、平均ストライド長(SL)およびリバウンドジャンプ(RJ)とドロップジャンプ(DJ)接地時間および跳躍高を測定し、それぞれの関係について検討した。その結果、(1)% VO₂maxとRJ接地時間にr=0.641(P<0.05)の有意な相関関係が認められた。(2)重心上下動とストライド長および重心上下動とRJ跳躍高との間にそれぞれr=0.868(P<0.01)およびr=0.660(P<0.05)の有意な関係が認められた。(3)重心上下動とVO₂16kmおよび% VO₂maxとの間に有意な関係性は認められなかった。このことから、RJ接地時間の短い選手ほど走の経済性(% VO₂max)が良いことが示唆された。</p>

著者

古瀬 由佳 塚本 博之 湯澤 芳貴

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

日本体育学会大会予稿集

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, pp.236_1, 2017

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<p> バレーボールで勝利するためには、相手より多く得点を得ることであるが、それ以上に重要なのは、連続得点を与えないことである。そのためには、レセプションからのサイドアウト率を高めることが必要である。通常は守備の要であるリベロを中心に、2人~4人でレセプションすることが多い。小・中学生などのバレーボール初級者は、セッター以外の5名でレセプションすることが多く、経験やレベルが上がると、より少ない人数でフォーメーションを組む傾向が強い。トップレベルでは2人でコートの全面をカバーしている例もある。そこで本研究は、関東大学女子1部の試合を例にとり、それぞれのレセプションフォーメションシステムとリベロ以外のどのポジションの選手が何人でレセプションに参加したのか、その目的や内容を明らかにすることで今後の指導の一助とすることとした。対象は、平成29年春季関東大学バレーボールリーグ戦全45試合とした。データは公益財団法人日本バレーボール協会JVIMS及びDATA VOLLEY 2007から算出されたものを参考とし、さらに実際の試合映像から分析を試みた。詳細については当日発表する。</p>

著者

松井 良明

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.2, pp.213-225, 2007-03-10 (Released:2007-06-21)

参考文献数

39

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This study gives a historical account, in order to urge a perspective of modernization of sports through a criminal law in Britain, the Highways Act of 1835. The British Parliament had recognized the illegality of street games, but through the process of drafting the Highways Act of 1835, there is an explication how the process had impacted modernization of sports. During the parliamentary session in 1831, an amendment was introduced for the first time to consolidate the Turnpike Act of 1822, s.121. The parliament would have utilized the Turnpike Act of 1822, s.121 to extend the law to not only the turnpike, but the highways as well. The Turnpike Act had banned ‘bull-baiting, bull-running, football, tennis, fives, cricket, or other games’ on the turnpikes by making a nuisance on the common law into a basis. The select committee of the House of Commons in 1833, however, required to remove ‘football, tennis, fives, cricket, or other games’ from the bill. After that, ‘football or other games’ were appended to the bill by the select committee of the House of Lords in 1835. The Parliament approved the legality of some sports activities on highways with the Highways Act of 1835, s.72. It has actually eradicated the original element of the bill that led to nuisance on highways, in order to keep a public right of smooth passage. However, the Act of 1835, s.72 was so limitative with the Houses of Commons and Lords that ‘tennis, fives, and cricket’ had been deleted from the content. On the analysis of the Parliament journals, it is obvious that the regulations of street games had been changed a few times in the Parliamentary sessions from 1831 to 1835. The political judgment determined some prohibited street games by the statute. Especially, the requirement by the select committee of the House of Commons supposed to expel all of ball games from the bill, though the select committee of the House of Lords appended ‘football, or other games.’ As the result, the Highways Act of 1835, s.72 left the door open, to modernize ‘tennis, fives, and cricket’ on the British highways.