著者

内山 治樹 池田 英治 吉田 健司 町田 洋介 網野 友雄 柏倉 秀徳

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.16078, (Released:2018-07-23)

参考文献数

66

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The purpose of this study was to clarify the causal relationship between the “flow of a game” in basketball, defined as “the situation in which 4 periods, which consist of a division time of 10 minutes, advance gradually while having an influence on each other”, and its outcome, focusing on the interrelationships of the 4 periods. For this purpose, a hypothesis was established that the “flow of a game,” in which “factors causing changes in conditions” cannot be overlooked, consists of 4 periods, each creating opportunities that finally affect the outcome. In order to test this hypothesis, an analysis was performed of 1044 periods in 261 games in Japan’s strongest university league, the Kanto Men’s First Division League, based on the following 3 perspectives: (1) the importance of each period; (2) the mutual dependency among the periods; and (3) the relationship between the difference in cumulative scoring and outcome. The results were subjected to logistic regression analysis and covariance structure analysis, and the following 3 points were clarified: (1) Periods that influenced the outcome were the first, third and fourth, ranked in importance as third > first > fourth > second. (2) With regard to mutual dependency among the periods, the points difference in the preceding period in the sequence “first → second (cumulative),” “second (cumulative) → third (cumulative), “third (cumulative) →“fourth” created an opportunity in the following period. (3) A cumulative score difference of less than 8 points by the end of the third period was associated with a high potential for coming back to win. These findings should be applicable to coaching in various games under the official rules of the FIBA as new practical guidelines for closely analyzing the causal relationships between the unique “flow of a game” and outcomes in basketball that take place over 4 periods.

著者

高田 哲史

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

日本体育学会大会号 第53回(2002) (ISSN:24330183)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.182, 2002-08-30 (Released:2017-08-25)

著者

小倉 圭 川村 卓 金堀 哲也 野本 尭希 八木 快 小野寺 和也

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.2, pp.511-522, 2017 (Released:2017-12-19)

参考文献数

25

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The purpose of this study was to clarify the types of step adjustment performed by baseball infielders for catching a grounder in relation to skill level. The subjects were 18 amateur baseball infielders, whose fielding motions were videotaped using 2 high-speed video cameras (300 Hz). The 3-dimensional coordinates of both the toes and the ball were obtained using the DLT method. The top 9 subjects who showed small variations in the grounding point of both feet when adopting the catching posture were defined as a high-performance group, and the bottom 9 subjects were defined as an intermediate-performance group. The results obtained were as follows:  1) Baseball infielders modified each grounding point from 4 steps to 1 step before catching in order to acquire the most appropriate catching point, and the final step was highly reproducible.  2) The high-performance group showed a significantly smaller standard deviation in the 1 step before the grounding point than the intermediate-performance group.  3) In the high-performance group, there was a positive correlation between the standard deviation of step length 1 step before and the standard deviation of the grounding point from 5 steps to 2 steps before.  These results suggest it is important to reduce variations in the grounding point 1 step before by earlier perception of the error in the front-to-rear direction of the grounding point. These results could provide important insight for coaches or trainers attempting to improve the performance of infielders when catching a grounder.

著者

阿江 数通 小池 関也 藤井 範久 阿江 通良 川村 卓 金堀 哲也

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.2, pp.559-574, 2017 (Released:2017-12-19)

参考文献数

46

被引用文献数

1

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The purpose of this study was to compare the kinematic characteristics of the upper body between baseball tee batting and pitched ball batting in order to gain basic knowledge for improvement of batting skill. Ten male collegiate baseball players (age: 20.7±1.1 yr; height: 1.75±0.05 m; body mass: 76.3±7.1 kg; athletic career: 12.7±2.7 yr) participated. They performed 2 kinds of batting: tee batting (TB) and machine-pitch batting (MB) using a pitching machine (approximate ball speed 33.3 m/s), which were set at middle ball height for the strike zone. Three-dimensional coordinate data were acquired with a motion capture system. Kinematic variables such as maximum bat-head speed, swing time, bat angle, joint angles of the upper limbs, and segment angle of the upper trunk were calculated. Differences between TB and MB were analyzed statistically using paired t-test (p<0.05). The maximum bat-head speed was significantly greater in TB than in MB, but swing times divided into 2 phases showed no significant differences between MB and TB. In the first half of the swing, the bat inclination angle was significantly larger in MB than in TB. The joint angles of the barrel-side shoulder abduction, knob-side shoulder adduction and internal rotation were significantly larger in MB than in TB, and those of the barrel-side shoulder internal rotation and individual elbow pronations were significantly larger in TB than in MB. The clockwise rotational angle of the upper trunk was significantly larger in TB than in MB. In the last half of the swing, the joint angles of the barrel-side shoulder abduction, knob-side shoulder flexion and adduction were significantly larger in MB than in TB, and that of the knob-side elbow pronation was significantly larger in TB than in MB. The changes in upper body movement in MB affected the radius of rotation of the bat about the vertical axis to control the bat easily. The movements in the last half of the swing largely resulted from those in the first half of the swing, and did not contribute to timing adjustment. These results indicate that the initial configuration of the bat and upper limbs, and movements at the beginning of the bat swing contribute to the timing adjustment of the bat for a pitched ball. The results of the present study suggest that it could be useful to pay attention to the movement of the bat and upper body in the first half of the swing as TB practice in order to improve timing adjustment.

著者

城所 収二 矢内 利政

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.2, pp.475-490, 2017 (Released:2017-12-19)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

1

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The horizontal direction in which a batted ball travels is determined primarily by 2 factors: the horizontal angle of the bat at ball impact (first mechanism) and the interaction between the vertical inclination angle of the bat and the position of the ball impact along the short axis of the bat (second mechanism). As the bat is generally inclined vertically at the moment of ball impact (the head is positioned lower than the grip end), the second mechanism must cause an opposite influence on the horizontal trajectory of the batted ball when a grounder and a fly-ball are compared. The purposes of this study were two-fold: (a) to compare the contributions of the 2 mechanisms to the horizontal direction of batted balls between grounders and fly-balls and (b) to determine the relationship between the contribution of each mechanism and the speed of the batted ball. Sixteen collegiate baseball players were asked to hit balls delivered by a pitching machine aiming towards the same field and the opposite field for 4 trials each. The motions of the ball and the bat around the moment of ball impact were recorded using 2 high-speed cameras (1000 fps). The contributions of the 2 mechanisms to the horizontal directions of the batted balls were calculated from the following variables: the trajectory of the pitched and batted ball, projection angles of the bat in the horizontal plane (horizontal bat angle) and the vertical plane (vertical bat angle), and the angle of the line of impact from the horizontal at ball impact (line of impact angle). The first mechanism contributed 40% or more on average to both the same- and opposite-field hitting of grounders and fly-balls projected towards the fair territory. For fly-balls to the same field and grounders to the opposite field, the contribution of the first mechanism was particularly high (same/fly ball: 118.6±35.2%, opposite/grounder: 109.5±17.8%), and the impact surface of the bat faced toward the batted ball direction. The contribution of the second mechanism was greater for grounders to the same field and fly-balls to the opposite field than the others (same/grounder: 46.7±23.3%, opposite/fly ball: 50.6±49.2%). The speed of the batted ball was negatively correlated with the contribution of the second mechanism (r=−0.73, p<0.01). Therefore, in order to hit a ball with higher speed, a batter should adjust the timing of impact to use the first mechanism, and should strike near the center of the ball.

著者

紅楳 英信 横澤 俊治 山辺 芳 白崎 啓太 湯田 淳

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

日本体育学会大会予稿集 第66回(2015) (ISSN:24241946)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.289, 2015-08-25 (Released:2017-04-06)

著者

新井 春生

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

体育学研究

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, no.5, 1970

著者

村井 友樹 李 燦雨

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.15036, (Released:2015-08-26)

参考文献数

63

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The aim of this study was to clarify the background and features of implementation of the Nationwide Swimming Training for Conscription Candidates (NSTCC). The tasks of the study were to elucidate the 1) background, 2) preparation, 3) contents, and 4) results of NSTCC implementation.  The results of this study were as follows:  1) After the outbreak of the Sino-Japanese war, the problem of a lack of swimming ability was observed among soldiers, so municipal governments and the Ministry of Health and Welfare turned to the STCC as the solution.  2) As the Sino-Japanese war was prolonged, the Ministry of Health and Welfare integrated the STCC, which had previously been conducted as a separate program, into one implementation throughout the whole country.  3) After the outbreak of the Pacific War, the situation was worsening, and the lack of swimming ability in ground forces became obvious. To resolve this problem, the Ministry of Health and Welfare decided on a comprehensive implementation program, which was planned at the beginning of 1943, through the NSTCC.  4) The NSTCC was supported by the Imperial Rule Assistance Association and its neighborhood associations. Since swimming training on a nationwide scale was not compulsory for all conscription candidates, the Imperial Rule Assistance Association mobilized conscription candidates to participate in training through different propagandas.  5) The National Physical Training Association trained coaches for each prefecture and each implementation district. Most coaches in each implemental district were school teachers.  6) In was recommended that the NSTCC be conducted using swimming pools, but a number of implementation districts did so in seas, rivers, or lakes.  7) The first half of the NSTCC was intended to cultivate the ability to float, on the assumption that this ability was basic training in order for beginners to master swimming.  8) During the second half of the NSTCC, attaining the technique of sidestroke or breaststroke was preferred. Each implementation district was able to choose a stroke (sidestroke or breaststroke).  9) Disciplinary training was highly regarded in the NSTCC.  10) As 95% of all participants were able to swim for more than 10 meters upon completing training, the NSTCC was judged to have been effective in eliminating a lack of swimming ability.

著者

功力 靖雄

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

日本体育学会大会号

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, 1986

著者

田中 美吏

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.1, pp.1-15, 2014 (Released:2014-06-13)

参考文献数

71

被引用文献数

1

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It is known that many athletes competing in various sports are likely to experience impaired motor performance under psychological pressure. Numerous studies have been conducted to clarify and overcome this problem, which impacts on various motor skills, and a variety of results have been reported. In this review, in order to exclude the influence of task-specific differences on interpretation of the results, experimental studies of the golf-putting task, which has been most widely used in previous studies of motor behavior under pressure, published between 1992 and 2013 were systematically reviewed by categorizing them into the following research paradigms: (1) Explanations of reduced performance under pressure in terms of attentional foci and attentional capacity, including the conscious processing hypothesis and distraction hypothesis. (2) Studies of psychological, physiological, and behavioral symptoms manifested under pressure, especially studies of cognitive and emotional processes in the psychological domain, arousal in the physiological domain, and performance outcome, kinematics, force control, and eye movement in the behavioral domain. (3) Studies investigating methods for preventing pressure-related performance loss, such as those involving quiet eye training for optimal eye movement, and manipulation of attentional focusing to prevent an increased internal focus of attention under pressure. It is suggested that the theoretical background developed in this review would be useful for gaining scientific knowledge about sports performance under psychological pressure from a wide range of perspectives on motor behavior.

著者

矢野 康介 木村 駿介 大石 和男

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.2, pp.587-598, 2017 (Released:2017-12-19)

参考文献数

37

被引用文献数

1 2

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Previous studies have shown that a high level of sensory-processing sensitivity (SPS) could be a risk factor for mental health. Many studies have reported that daily exercise helps to retain and/or improve mental health. This study examined the relationship between the level of daily exercise and SPS among university students. The participants were 292 university students (143 males and 149 females) ranging in age from 18 to 23 years (19.4±1.1 years). They were asked to complete a questionnaire that included the following items: 1) the frequency of exercise (days per week), 2) the number of years of successive daily exercise, 3) the sporting events in which they currently participate, and 4) the Japanese version of the 19-item Highly Sensitive Person Scale (HSPS-J19) including 3 sub-scales, i.e., low sensory threshold (LST), ease of excitation (EOE), and aesthetic sensitivity (AES). The participants were categorized into a) high, b) medium, and c) low frequency groups, or a) short, b) middle, and c) long term groups individually, based on their levels of participation. Additionally, they were categorized into a) individual, b) team and high-frequency physical contact (HC), and c) team and low-frequency physical contact (LC) exercise groups based on their exercise habits. The high frequency and long-term groups showed lower scores of the HSPS-J19 and its sub-scales of LST, EOE, and AES than the other groups. No significant differences were found among the groups with regard to sports currently played in the scores of the HSPS-J19 and its sub-scales, i.e., LST and EOE. Only AES scores in the LC groups were higher than those in the HC groups. These results suggest that the appearance of SPS was moderated as a result of high-frequency and/or the long-term daily exercise due to habituation to strong stimuli.

著者

島 健

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

日本体育学会大会号 第40回(1989) (ISSN:24330183)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.118, 1989-09-10 (Released:2017-08-25)

著者

船木 浩斗 會田 宏

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.1, pp.329-343, 2014 (Released:2014-06-13)

参考文献数

36

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The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of one-on-one play during set-defense in handball, and to gain practical data for development of effective training methods. A total of 447 one-on-one plays were compared with regard to success or failure in blocking the breakthrough at three levels: world class, Japanese elite, and Japanese college level. The one-on-one play was divided in three phases: the first was that when the passer possessed the ball, the second was that when the ball was in the air, and the third was that when the player marked by a defense player possessed the ball. The interactions between plays in each phase and success or failure in blocking the breakthrough were analyzed at each level.   The main results were as follows. 1)  Effective one-on-one play was when the defense player aggressively blocked the player with the ball and moved forward with physical contact. 2)  At the Japanese level it was important to define the guidelines for one-on-one play while the player had the ball, in order to increase the success rate of blocking the breakthrough during one-on-one play. 3)  At Japanese elite level, effective one-on-one play could not be established while the player marked by a defense player did not possess the ball. 4)  At Japanese college level, defenders selected one-on-one play around the ball while the player marked by the defense player did not possess the ball, and one-on-one defence failed.   For consistent coaching in Japan, it was important to adopt one-on-one play around the marking player while the player marked by a defense player did not possess the ball, in order to increase the success rate of blocking the breakthrough during one-on-one play.

著者

図子 浩二 高松 薫 古藤 高良

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.4, pp.265-278, 1993-11-01 (Released:2017-09-27)

被引用文献数

9 17

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This study clarified the specificity of leg strength and power in several sport athletes. To accomplish this purpose, a new physical fitness test was developed to evaluate the capacity for the ballistic and stretch-shortening cycle (SSC) movements. 1. The drop jump (DJ), a typical SSC movement was used in this test. A few experiments were performed to determine the best dropping height and jumping technique of DJ in 10 college male athletes. These results showed the best method of DJ was rebound DJ with small angular displacement of the knee from 0.3 m beause of appearing the shortest contact time and the longest air time, and being ballistic and safe movement. 2. Average force[F_&ltindex&gt ={(t_a)/2 + (2・h_d/g)^&lt1/2&gt}/(t_c + 1)], average Power[P_&ltindex&gt ={g・(t_a/2)^2 - 2・h_d}/ (2・t_c)]and the capacity to jump higher within shorter contact time[DJ_&ltindex&gt = (1/8・g・t_a^2) /t_c]are calculated by using contact time (t_c) , air time (t_a) and dropping height (h_d) of DJ, and g (9.81 m/s^2). Interrelationships between DJ_&ltindex&gt F_&ltindex&gt, P_&ltindex&gt t_c and t_a were examined in 93 male athletes of 14 sport events. These results showed the best index was DJ_&ltindex&gt because of reflecting both F_&ltindex&gt and P_&ltindex&gt, and t_c and t_a. 3. The specificity of leg strength and power was investigated by comparing with DJ_&ltindex&gt height of counter movement jump (CMJ-H) and maximum strength exerted by squat posture at 90°of knee angle (S-MAX) in 93 male athletes of 14 sport events. This result showed all sport athletes were grouped into A, B and C type. Jumper and sprinter, gymnast and kendo atheletes belonged to A type which showed the character of large in order of DJ_&ltindex&gt, CMJ-H and S-MAX. Skater, ski jumper and swimmer belonged to B type which showed contrary character of A type. Ball game player and long distance runner belonged to C type which did not show difference among them. But excellent players for jump and footwork in ball games showed the same character as jumper and sprinter. These results lead to the conclusion that we should evaluate not only the general leg strength and power but also the capacity for the ballistic and SSC movement by measuring DJ_&ltindex&gt when coaches scout for sport talents and athletes practice the training according to specificity of strength and power. It should also be added that DJ_&ltindex&gt is a practical index which can be simply and exactly measured by using matswitch.

著者

佐々木 良輔

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

日本体育学会大会予稿集 第67回(2016) (ISSN:24241946)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.283_3, 2016 (Released:2017-02-24)

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●近年、子どもの保健室利用数が増え、その訴求内容も多様化・深刻化している。そのため、養護教諭を複数配置にする等、定数増員が社会から要請されている。一方、男性の養護教諭の配置数が最近徐々に増えてきた。今後予想される養護教諭の採用数拡大に対し、男性もその需要に応えていく必要がある。●そこで本研究では、学校において子どもたちには絶好の保健指導の機会となりえる、救急処置(傷病の応急手当等)に焦点を当てる。中でも、男性養護教諭の救急処置に対する意識を明らかにし、今後、女性だけではなく男性ももっと積極的に養護教諭という職業として子どもの身体教育に携われるような学校環境を推進・構築するための資料の獲得を目的とした。●方法は、「第5回男性養護教諭友の会(2014年)」の参加者を対象に、“一次救命処置”・“応急手当”・“その他の対応”等を内容とした質問紙を用いて、集合調査を行うこととした。●まとめると、養護教諭に男女は関係なく、専門職として幅広い知識と技術を持つため研修を受け学び実践するべきであって、その上で、男性養護教諭は「父性」等といった“男性性”を活かし、児童生徒対応を行うべきであるとの結論に至った。

著者

木梨 雅子

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.43, no.5, pp.234-244, 1998

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The purpose of this study is to investigate the negotiations between the Tokugawa shogunate and the 'Sumo-kaisho'(an organization of sumo wrestlers and referees)regarding the arrangements for the 'Joran-sumo match in the Kansei era', which was beld in the presence of the Shogun in 1791, and to clarify the principles underlying the arguments for and against the appointment of Zenzaemon Yoshida XIX to the top of the sumo party concerned. The archives used for this study were selected from the National Diet Library, and were written down by the Tokugawa shogunate for the record. The 'Joran-sumo match in the Kansei era' was the first one held in the Edo period, so the Tokugawa shogunate was unsure how to hold this momentous event. Therefore he appointed the Sumo-kaisho to arrange the Joran-sumo match for him. The Sumo-kaisho had been organized under Zenzaemon Yoshida XIX, who had asserted that he had been the chief of the sumo party for generations all throughout Japan, and that the Sumo-kaisho had been his apprentice. Therefore, the Sumo-kaisho required that the Tokugawa shogunate appoint Zenzaemon Yoshida XIX to the 'sumo-shiki'(a sumo ceremony)for the Joran-sumo match since both the Sumo-kaisho and the Tokugawa shogunate recognized that the 'sumo-shiki' was essential for the Joran-sumo match. However the Tokugawa shogunate refused, and instead appointed Shonosuke Kimura VII, deciding that Zenzaemon Yoshida XIX was the chief only in name. Accordingly Shonosuke Kimura VII was made the head organizer of the Sumo-kaisho based on the fact that Shonosuke Kimura VII had had several experiences as substantial organizer, whereas Zenzaemon Yoshida XIX had no practical experience. Furthermore, his background was very suspicious. However, the Sumo-kaisho had been united behind Zenzaemon Yoshida XIX and his background, so if they allowed his background to questioned, it would show a lack of unity to the Sumo-kaisho's part. Therefore, the Sumo-kaisho insisted on appointing Zenzaemon Yoshida XIX to do the 'sumo-shiki'. In the end, the Tokugawa shogunate appointed Zenzaemon yoshida XIX to do the 'sumo-shiki' and his questionable background was overlooked. As a result, the 'Joran-sumo match in the Kansei era 'proved to be an important factor in the Sumo-kaisho's effort to gain authority as the leading organization in sumo.

著者

釜崎 太

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

日本体育学会大会予稿集

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, pp.23_2-23_2, 2016

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<p> スポーツを文化として根づかせる&mdash;このテーマに関して、参考にすべき模範的事例としてドイツのスポーツを思い浮かべるひとは少なくないだろう。例えば、地域スポーツの振興をひとつの理念として発足したJリーグ、あるいは人々の生活の充実に寄与することを目指した総合型地域スポーツクラブ。それらの模範像がドイツに求められてきたことは周知の通りである。スポーツクラブの地域性や公共性だけではなく、観客動員数世界一と言われるブンデスリーガの潜在的ニーズを掘り起こしているのも、地域のクラブである。では、私たち日本人は、ドイツの何に学ぶことができるのか。</p><p> 本報告では、第一に、大島鎌吉がみたであろうドイツの原風景について、カール・ディームとスポーツクラブとの関連から報告する。第二にしかし、大島が理想をみていた当時とは異なるディーム像をめぐって、ドイツ国内で大きな波紋を呼んでいる「ディーム論争(Diem-Debatte)」の現状(釜崎の分析ではなく)を伝える。第三に、その論争を超えて、日本にスポーツを文化として根づかせるために必要ないくつかの論点に言及したい。</p>

著者

吉本 隆哉 千葉 佳裕 為末 大 大沼 勇人 谷中 拓哉 松林 武生 杉崎 範英 礒 繁雄 山崎 一彦

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, pp.495-505, 2020 (Released:2020-08-26)

参考文献数

33

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This study was designed to clarify the relationships between the muscle cross-sectional area of the trunk and thigh and 400-m hurdle time in 12 young adult male athletes include a bronze medalist in the world championships (height 175.4 ± 6.0 cm, body mass 67.9 ± 5.8 kg, 400-m hurdle time 47.89―55.41 s). Crosssectional images from the origin to insertion of the trunk and thigh muscles were obtained using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). These images were used to calculate the absolute cross-sectional areas of each muscle as indices of muscularity. Stepwise multiple regression analysis was performed to examine the association between the indices and 400-m hurdle time. This analysis produced an equation (adjusted R2 = .868) with the semitendinosus (β = −0.611, P = .001), quadratus lumborum (β = −0.300, P = .044) and adductor brevis (β = −0.395, P = .014) as the explanatory variables. It was concluded that individual differences in 400-m hurdle performance can be explained by the semitendinosus, quadratus lumborum and adductor brevis.

著者

荒木 達雄

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

日本体育学会大会予稿集 第67回(2016) (ISSN:24241946)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.62_1, 2016 (Released:2017-02-24)

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内田良氏の提言で組(立)体操がクローズ・アップされ、文科省の指針発表にまで発展した。この問題は、体育の授業内ではなく「体育祭」という「スポーツ・イベント」内での事故が多発しているためである。もともとは体操領域に「組(立)体操」は位置しているわけであるが、指導要領にその種目の文言が戦後、一度明記されたのみであり、現在の「体つくり運動」でも明記されていない。また、名称の不徹底も問題となっている。それは「組立体操」、「組体操」の区別の仕方である。「組立体操」は、人間が2段、3段に積み上げて造形美を表現する「静的」な運動形態である。「組体操」は、2人以上で互いの力を利用し合って動く、「動的」な運動形態である。体育の指導者であれば、この違いを理解したうえでこれらの運動種目を指導すべきであろう。また、普段の授業内での練習した種目を厳選したうえで、体育祭での発表作品として選択すべきと考える。今回は、「組立体操」、「組体操」の目的を明確にして実践例を参加者に体験してもらい、発表作品にまで発展させていく企画である。

著者

大島 卓馬 村山 敏夫

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

日本体育学会大会予稿集

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, pp.163_3-163_3, 2016

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<p> 九州地震によって改めて静脈血栓塞栓症予防の必要性が問われている。運動やマッサージは効果的な予防法だが、これらは血流鬱滞を抑制し血液凝固を防ぐことを目的としている。血流を促すにはこれらの方法以外に、日常生活の中でも取り入れる手立てがある。そのひとつが入浴であり、適切な入浴法は血流鬱滞を予防する最適な手段である。また、近年では血流増加を謳う多種多様な入浴剤が開発され、今では入浴シーンに欠かせない程に存在感を示している。一方で、心身が不調をきたすと入眠潜時に影響を及ぼすとの報告もあり、ここでも適切な入浴が質の高い眠りの確保と入眠を促すことが知られていることから、入浴の重要性が再認識できる。そこで本研究は、抹消血管血流量に着目した様々なパターンの入浴法における生体反応を観察する。入浴法は自宅でのシャワー浴、全身浴、重炭酸を用いた全身浴として、抹消血管血流量、血圧、体温などの生体情報を収集する。さらに浴後からの入眠を、脳波計を用いて観察し、抽出されたデータを用いて最適なコンディショニング方法を提案する。</p>