著者

野村 雅昭 山下 喜代

出版者

早稲田大学日本語研究教育センター

雑誌

講座日本語教育

巻号頁・発行日

vol.第33分冊, pp.95-114, 1998-03-31

著者

山下 喜代

出版者

早稲田大学日本語研究教育センター

雑誌

講座日本語教育

巻号頁・発行日

vol.第34分冊, pp.212-226, 1998-03-31

著者

野村 雅昭

雑誌

早稲田大学日本語研究教育センター紀要 (ISSN:0915440X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, pp.21-54, 1999-05-31

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現代日本語研究および日本語教育研究に資する基礎資料として, 「現代漢語データベース」を作成している.このデータベースには, 現代日本語で使用される約22,000語の漢語が収録され, その一々に品詞性, 語構成, 出現頻度, 意味コードなどの情報が付されている.このうち, 基本度の高い語を選び, 語誌情報を付ける作業を優先することにした.選定の条件としては, 出現頻度の情報を用いた.国立国語研究所が行った, 新聞・雑誌・中学教科書・高校教科書の4種の語彙調査の共出現率をもとに, 3,000語が抽出された.選定にあたっては, 同研究所が作成した「日本語教育のための基本語彙(6,000語)」をも参照した.この基本三千漢語(二字漢語)を, 基本度の観点から, 上記の「日本語教育のための基本語彙(6,000語)」のほか, 国立国語研究所の『分類語彙表』, 早稲田大学日本語研究教育センターの教科書『分野別用語集』と比較し, 分析を試みた.品詞性の面からは, 基本三千漢語にはサ変動詞の語幹になるような動作性の語彙が多いことがわかった.また, 意味分野の面からは, <抽象的関係>を表す語彙が多く含まれ, <生産物><自然>など, 具体物を表す語彙が少ないことが指摘された.このような傾向は, 特に外国人のための教科書に収録された語彙との比較から, 顕著である.以上の選定方法の説明, 収録語の分析のほか, 末尾には『分類語彙表』の分野別項目順に配列した「基本三千漢語一覧」を掲げた.

著者

細川 英雄

雑誌

早稲田大学日本語研究教育センター紀要 (ISSN:0915440X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, pp.89-101, 2001-04-01

著者

細川 英雄 森元 桂子

出版者

早稲田大学大学院日本語教育研究科

雑誌

早稲田大学日本語教育研究 (ISSN:13471147)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7号, pp.27-40, 2005-09-15

著者

Dongmei Qiu Michiko Kurosawa Yingsong Lin Yutaka Inaba Tsuyoshi Matsuba Shogo Kikuchi Kiyoko Yagyu Yutaka Motohashi Akiko Tamakoshi

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, no.Supplement_II, pp.S157-S167, 2005 (Released:2005-08-18)

参考文献数

72

被引用文献数

27 43

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BACKGROUND: The objective of this article was to overview the epidemiology of pancreatic cancer. We summarize the results of the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study (JACC Study) and some previous studies.METHODS: References were mainly in a Medline search through Pub Med database. In addition, 3 papers about the JACC Study were quoted.RESULTS : In the JACC Study, the standardized mortality ratio of pancreatic cancer was 0.97 in females and 0.84 in males. Diabetes mellitus (DM) has increased the risk for pancreatic cancer in many studies. In the JACC Study, DM had a risk for pancreatic cancer in males (hazard ratio = 2.12). Cigarette smoking has been associated with pancreatic cancer in many studies. In the JACC Study, the hazard ratio for current smokers was 1.6 in males, and 1.7 in females. The ratio was 3.3 who smoked 40+ cigarettes/day in males. In the JACC Study, alcohol intake was not associated with pancreatic cancer. These results are consistent with the other studies. Coffee consumption has not been associated with pancreatic cancer in many studies. In the JACC Study, the hazard ratio significantly increased to 3.19 among men who consumed 4+ cups of coffee per day. The relationships between diet /nutrition and pancreatic cancer are not clear in many studies.CONCLUSION: The relation between smoking and pancreatic cancer is most consistently described. A further analysis of the relationships between family history, hormonal factors in females, dietary and nutritional factors, obesity, physical activity and pancreatic cancer is necessary.J Epidemiol 2005; 15: S157-S167.

著者

福田 修 藤田 真治 辻 敏夫

出版者

The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers

雑誌

電子情報通信学会論文誌 D (ISSN:09151923)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.J88-D2, no.1, pp.105-112, 2005-01-01

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本論文では,発声機能障害者のための新しい意思伝達装置の開発を目的とし,頸部及び表情筋から計測したEMG信号に基づく代用発声システムを提案する.このシステムは,まずEMG信号から使用者の意図する語音を推定し,次にそれを連ねた語音列から意図する単語を推定するという2段階の処理を行う.語音,及び単語の推定には,統計構造を有するニューラルネットと隠れマルコフモデルを用いた.従来の電気式人工喉頭は,頸部に人工呼吸器を取り付けた際などに使用が困難となるが,本手法はそのような場合でも使用することが可能である.健常な男子大学生及び喉頭切除者の計5名による実験を行った結果,精度良く語音・単語を識別できることが示された.

著者

後 保範

出版者

Waseda University

巻号頁・発行日

2005-03

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制度:新 ; 文部省報告番号:乙1953号 ; 学位の種類:博士(工学) ; 授与年月日:2005/3/3 ; 早大学位記番号:新4033

著者

Yoshihiko Noguchi Ichiro Tatsuno Keiko Suyama Takahisa Shibata Tomohiko Yoshida Yuko Otsuka Masami Fuse Chikari Takeo Yasushi Saito

出版者

Japan Atherosclerosis Society

雑誌

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis (ISSN:13403478)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, no.6, pp.335-340, 2004 (Released:2005-01-08)

参考文献数

37

被引用文献数

5 8

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Forty Type IIb or IV hyperlipidemic patients (serum triglyceride concentrations were higher than 150 mg/dl) were treated with fenofibrate (300 mg/day) for 12 weeks. Lipid profile and uric acid metabolism were evaluated before and after the treatment; the serum concentrations of total cholesterol and triglyceride respectively decreased from 224 ± 41.9 mg/dl to 199 ± 35.2 mg/dl and from 205 ± 71.7 mg/dl to 134 ± 67.5 mg/dl (p < 0.001). The uric acid concentrations in the serum also significantly decreased from 7.0 ± 1.58 mg/dl to 5.2 ± 1.57 mg/dl (p < 0.001). Fenofibrate treatment did not cause any change in the serum xanthine and hypoxanthine concentrations. Instead the urinary concentrations of uric acid decreased from 7.0 ± 1.58 mg/dl to 5.2 ± 1.57 mg/dl (p < 0.01), while the clearance ratio of uric acid and creatinin increased from 6.1 ± 2.56 to 9.9 ± 3.87 (p = 0.02) by the fenofibrate treatment. Fenofibrate decreases uric acid concentrations in the serum not as a result of inhibition of uric acid production but by increasing the urinary excretion of uric acid.

著者

Kim Young-ho Zhao Jianwei Uosaki Kohei

出版者

American Institute of Physics

雑誌

Journal of Applied Physics (ISSN:00218979)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.94, no.12, pp.7733-7738, 2003-12-15

被引用文献数

8

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Nanosized patterns of tantalum oxide were fabricated on a tantalum substrate by applying a potential pulse utilizing current sensing atomic force microscopy (CSAFM). The dimensions of the dots were strongly dependent on the bias applied, scan rate, and potential pulse duration. By controlling these variables, the minimum size nanodots with full width at half maximum of 35 nm was achieved. Immediately after pattern formation, the electrical properties of the Ta oxide nanodots were measured using CSAFM. The charge transport at the CSAFM tip and the nanosized Ta oxide dot can be described by Poole–Frenkel type conduction. The relative dielectric constant of the nanosized Ta2O5 dots was calculated to be 17.8–24.3, showing that the quality of the oxide was high. In addition, by controlling the substrate bias applied, pulse duration, and tip scan speed, nanosized Ta oxide lines with the desired dimensions were prepared.

著者

保田 明夫

出版者

一般社団法人 電気学会

雑誌

電気学会論文誌C(電子・情報・システム部門誌) (ISSN:03854221)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.125, no.5, pp.682-689, 2005 (Released:2005-08-01)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

2 2

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The objective of this paper is to give overviews of text mining or textual data mining in Japan from the practical aspects. Text mining is the technology utilized for analyzing large volumes of textual data applying various parameters for purpose of withdrawing useful knowledge and information. The essence of “Mining” is "the discovery of knowledge or information." And target of text mining is to objectively discover and extract knowledge, facts, and meaningful relationships from the text documents. This paper summarizes the related disciplines and application fields which are applied in text mining, and introduces features and application examples of text mining tools.

著者

濱田 康行

出版者

社団法人 全国信用組合中央協会

雑誌

信用組合

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.5, pp.10-13, 2005-05

著者

岡本 真

出版者

国立研究開発法人 科学技術振興機構

雑誌

情報管理 (ISSN:00217298)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.2, pp.86-88, 2006 (Released:2006-05-01)

被引用文献数

1 1

著者

原田 実 水野 高宏

出版者

一般社団法人 人工知能学会

雑誌

人工知能学会論文誌 (ISSN:13460714)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.1, pp.85-93, 2001 (Released:2002-02-28)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

3 6

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Up to now, the research on the automation of object-oriented analysis, especially extracting objectoriented design elements from the problem specification written in Japanese, has been continued in the Harada laboratory since 1993. As this first process, we have developed the semantic analysis system SAGE which could be practically useable both in the performance and in the accuracy. Given a dependency tree, where clauses constituting a sentence are related by dependency arcs, SAGE searches the EDR electronic dictionary, retrieves for any two clauses connected by a dependency arc the meaning of the principal word in each clause and the deep case between such two words, and assigns the probability of such meaning-case tuple. Then, SAGE constructs an interpretation tree by allocating such meaning-case tuple and its probability to each arc in the dependency tree. Next, SAGE searches for the allocation having the maximum of the overall evaluation value given by the sum of the probability of the allocated meaning and cases. Finally, SAGE converts the resulting interpretation tree into the set of semantic frames containing the information of each word and relations with other words. In developing the system, we achieved speed-up of the construction of the interpretation tree by reducing the search space with pruning useless meaning-case tuples and by using the branch and bound method. Moreover the accuracy improvement of the analysis was achieved by applying the following four methods: (A)in constructing the interpretation tree, assigning 0 probability to all the combination of word meanings with which there are no “case” information in the concept description dictionary, (B)using the experimental rules to presume the deep cases from the surface cases to each dependency between verb clauses, (C)improving the fitness of the sentences retrieved from corpus by using part of speech, and (D)decreasing the number of meaning candidates by using reading information. As a result, the average interpretation construction time of one sentence with nine clauses or less was 2 seconds on a PC with the Pentium III processor using 320MB memory. The correct answer rate of the meaning was 82.1%, and that of the case was 77.8%.

著者

MARK J. HUDSON

出版者

The Anthropological Society of Nippon

雑誌

Anthropological Science (ISSN:09187960)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.113, no.2, pp.131-139, 2005 (Released:2005-08-09)

参考文献数

71

被引用文献数

2 2

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From at least 1976 until his exposure by the media in November 2000, amateur archaeologist Shinichi Fujimura planted artifacts at over 180 Paleolithic ‘sites’ in Miyagi Prefecture and other parts of eastern Japan. As a result of this hoax, the existence of an Early Paleolithic stretching back more than half a million years became widely accepted in Japan. Fujimura perpetrated one of the biggest archaeological hoaxes of the 20th century and his actions have important implications for the way archaeological research is conducted in Japan and beyond. This article explores the sociopolitical background to the hoax and argues that the emphasis on archaeology as ‘people’s history’ in postwar Japan was one important factor in the favorable evaluations given to Fujimura’s discoveries. It is suggested that the lessons of the Fujimura hoax support the need for a stronger and more reflexive relationship between archaeology and anthropology in Japan.

著者

Ken’ichi Miyazaki

出版者

ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN

雑誌

Acoustical Science and Technology (ISSN:13463969)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.6, pp.426-432, 2004 (Released:2004-11-01)

参考文献数

55

被引用文献数

14 19 25

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Absolute pitch (AP) is the ability based on the fixed association between musical pitch and its verbal label. Experiments on AP identification demonstrated extreme accuracy of AP listeners in identifying pitch, influences of timbre and pitch range, and difference in accuracy between white-key notes and black-key notes. However, contrary to the common belief that AP is a component of musical ability, it was found that AP listeners have difficulty in perceiving pitch relations in different pitch contexts, and in recognizing transposed melodies, as compared to listeners having no AP. These results suggest that AP is irrelevant and even disadvantageous to music. Systematic music training in early childhood seems effective for acquiring AP. Possible genetic contributions to AP are undeniable, but evidence for them is inconclusive. There are several AP-like phenomena that do not reach consciousness: absolute tonality, long-term memory of pitch of repeatedly heard tunes, specific patterns of pitch comparison in the tritone paradox, and fixed pitch levels in speech. Contrary to true AP observed as a pitch naming ability, the implicit AP phenomena are widespread among general population.

著者

高木 浩光

出版者

コンピュータ犯罪に関する白浜シンポジウム実行委員会

雑誌

コンピュータ犯罪に関する白浜シンポジウム報告書 第8回 コンピュータ犯罪に関する白浜シンポジウム REPORT

巻号頁・発行日

pp.54-67, 2004 (Released:2005-03-10)

著者

Mutsuo Ishizaki Tomoko Yanaoka Miki Nakamura Tadao Hakuta Seiichi Ueno Michihiko Komuro Miyako Shibata Tatsumi Kitamura Akira Honda Mikio Doy Kazuhiro Ishii Akira Tamaoka Nobuhiro Shimojo Tsuyoshi Ogata Eiko Nagasawa Shigeyuki Hanaoka

出版者

The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan

雑誌

Journal of Health Science (ISSN:13449702)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, no.2, pp.130-137, 2005 (Released:2005-04-01)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

40 66

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The inhabitants living in a specific region of Kizaki area in Kamisu-town, Ibaraki Prefecture exhibited uncommon clinical central nervous system symptoms. A graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometer detected markedly elevated concentration of arsenic (4.5 ppm) in their drinking well water. Further investigation using HPLC, GC/MS and HPLC/ICP/MS demonstrated that the structures of the arsenic were bis(diphenylarsine)oxide (BDPAO), diphenylarsinic acid (DPAA) and phenylarsonic acid (PAA), compounds that can be derived from the chemical warfare agents, diphenylchloroarsine (DA) and diphenylcyanoarsine (DC). The predominant form of the arsenic compound in the well water was DPAA (maximum 15 ppm), so that it was calculated that the inhabitants ingested 11-30 mg of DPAA daily. This is the first report of inhabitants that were injured by drinking well water contaminated with organic arsenic compounds that were likely derived from chemical weapons.