著者

Emika Kato Toshiaki Oda Kentaro Chino Toshiyuki Kurihara Toshihiko Nagayoshi Tetsuo Fukunaga Yasuo Kawakami

出版者

Japan Society of Physical Education, Health and Sport Sciences

雑誌

International Journal of Sport and Health Science (ISSN:13481509)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, no.Special_Issue_2005, pp.218-225, 2005 (Released:2008-01-23)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

14 32

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Flexibility is often evaluated from the joint range of motion (ROM), but the mechanisms underlying gender differences in joint ROM have not been elucidated. The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors influencing the difference in ankle joint ROM between men and women with respect to the extensibility of muscle-tendon complex. Eighteen men (21-26 yr, 66.4±6.0kg, 173.7±7.4cm mean±SD) and 12 women (19-27yr, 52.9±4.8kg, 163.4±4.3cm) participated in this study. Each subject was seated with the knee extended, and the ankle joint was attached to a foot plate, by which the ankle joint was passively dorsiflexed with torque gradually increasing from zero to a value at which the passive loading to the ankle joint was just tolerable for each subject. During the passive loading, real-time ultrasonogram was taken to track the movement of MTJ (muscle-tendon junction of the gastrocnemius medialis and Achilles tendon) as the elongation of muscle belly (dMus). The change of MTC (muscle-tendon complex) length (dMTC) during the passive dorsiflexion was estimated from changes in ankle joint angle. Tendon elongation (dTen) was calculated by subtracting dMus from dMTC. There was no significant difference in normalized passive torque during passive dorsiflexion between men and women. Women were more flexible, i.e., they demonstrated greater dMTC, which was accompanied by greater dTen at lower torque levels. However, dMus was not different between men and women. It was concluded that gender difference in the joint ROM at the ankle reflects more compliant Achilles tendon in women than in men.

著者

Sunhee Shin Seongho Yeon Dongsun Park Jiyoung Oh Hyomin Kang Sunghyun Kim Seong Soo Joo Woo-Taek Lim Jeong-Yong Lee Kyung-Chul Choi Ki Yon Kim Seung Up Kim Jong-Choon Kim Yun-Bae Kim

出版者

The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan

雑誌

Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:09186158)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.2, pp.273-278, 2010-02-01 (Released:2010-02-01)

参考文献数

56

被引用文献数

22 25 10

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The effects of a silk amino acid (SAA) preparation on the physical stamina and male reproductive function of mice were investigated. Eight-week-old male ICR mice (29—31 g) were orally administered SAA (50, 160 or 500 mg/kg) for 44 d during 30-min daily swimming exercise. The mice were subjected to a weight-loaded (5% of body weight) forced swimming on the 14th, 28th and 42nd day to determine maximum swimming time, and after a 2-d recovery period (treated with SAA without swimming exercise), parameters related to fatigue and reproductive function were analyzed from blood, muscles and reproductive organs. Repeated swimming exercise increased the maximum swimming time to some extent, in spite of a marked reduction in body weight gain, and SAA further enhanced the stamina in a dose-dependent manner. Forced swimming exercises increased blood parameters of tissue injury, but depleted blood glucose and tissue glycogen, which were substantially prevented by SAA treatment. In addition, SAA significantly reduced the muscular thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances and blood corticosterone content increased by forced swimming. Swimming exercise decreased the blood testosterone level, which was recovered by SAA, leading to enhanced sperm counts. These combined results indicate that SAA not only enhances physical stamina by minimizing damage to tissues, including muscles, as well as preventing energy depletion caused by swimming stress, but also improves male reproductive function by increasing testosterone and sperm counts.

著者

村上 茂教

出版者

社団法人日本気象学会

雑誌

天気 (ISSN:05460921)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.8, pp.601-603, 1995-08-31

被引用文献数

2

著者

Yoshinori TAKEUCHI Masashi TAKAHASHI Masaya TSUBOI Yasuhito FUJINO Kazuyuki UCHIDA Koichi OHNO Hiroyuki NAKAYAMA Hajime TSUJIMOTO

出版者

公益社団法人 日本獣医学会

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.74, no.8, pp.1057-1062, 2012 (Released:2012-09-03)

参考文献数

28

被引用文献数

2 20

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A Japanese domestic long-hair cat of about 8 years of age was presented with vomiting and hematochezia and was found to have significant hypereosinophilia. Bone marrow aspiration revealed moderate increases of eosinophilic lineages. Histopathological examination revealed mild eosinophilic and epitheliotropic T-lymphocytic infiltrations in the duodenum. Although the cat remained asymptomatic with only prednisolone administration, the cat presented with hematemesis, weight loss, and severe anorexia 512 days after the initial presentation. Subsequently, gastrointestinal perforation developed, and the cat died on Day 536. Histopathological examination of autopsy specimens revealed mixed cellular infiltration including eosinophils and neoplastic lymphocytes in the intestinal lymph nodes, intestine, liver, spleen, and pancreas. Immunohistochemical examination supports a diagnosis of intestinal T-cell lymphoma with severe hypereosinophilic syndrome.

著者

菊池 誠

出版者

日本科学者会議

雑誌

日本の科学者 (ISSN:00290335)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.2, pp.806-811, 2011-02

著者

松本 俊彦 尾崎 茂 小林 桜児 和田 清

出版者

日本精神神経学会

雑誌

精神神經學雜誌 = Psychiatria et neurologia Japonica (ISSN:00332658)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.113, no.12, pp.1184-1198, 2011-12-25

被引用文献数

5

出版者

テ-ミス

雑誌

月刊テ-ミス

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, no.2, pp.102-103, 2009-02

著者

遠藤 芳信

出版者

東京大学教育学部

雑誌

東京大学教育学部紀要 (ISSN:04957849)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, pp.147-163, 1976-03-30

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The "Military Drill" in this treatise means an education and a drill that the man except for the army enforces the education and drill of the action, technique and knowledge of the battle irfthe army to involve the peculiar object and the educational meaning respectively. What "the man except for the army enforces to involve the peculiar object and the educational meaning" had been enforced, historically, in the sense of the line in the chain of the military preparatory education, first, and the National Education and the Formation of the People, especially, the moral and spiritual building, or the gumnastic, second. As rules for teachiing and a teaching syllabus to come under the category of the above of the "Military Drill" in the school education in Japan, we had had the Particulars of the Army Gumnastic of the Common Middle School in 1886, be for 1910 s, and the Drill in the Teaching Syllabus of the School Gumnastic in 1913 and the Teaching Syllabus of the Drill in 1925, since 1910 s, for example. The "Military Drill" in Japan had aimed at the National Education and the Formation of the People consistently. And, if we analyze the contents and methods of the "Military Drill", firstly we must research into the means of the Formation of the People that the contents and methods of the "Military Drill" involve, and especially we must research into the relation of the combination on the human about the rule and obedience in the contents and methods of the "Military Drill", because, it be able to think that the intentional reletion of the combination on the human about the rule and obedience especially in the social relations is important to the formation of the people and their personalities. So, I will research into the relation of the combination on the human about the rule and obedience in the contents and methods of the "Military Drill". Well, if we begin to analyze the contents and methods of the "Military Drill", first we must investigate the drill regulations for the infantry by way of the base teaching materials of the Drill since 1910s, because, the Drill in the Teaching Syllabus of the School Gumnastic in 1913 had expressed clealy that "the Drill complies with the rules of the drill regulations for the infantry", for example. Namely, the "Military Drill" of the School Education in Japan had been baseed on the drill regulations for the infantry. And, the Drill in the Teaching Syllabus of the School Gumnastic in 1913 had complied with the Drill Regulations for the Infantry in 1909, meanwhile, the Drill Regulations for the Infantry in 1909 had played up the fundamental principle of the editing till the Drill Regulations for the Infantry in 1940. And, the Revision of the Drill Regulations for the Infantry in 1909 had been editied after the Russo-Japanese War. So, it is necessary for us to investigate the precept and battle on the Russo-Japanese War in the Japanese Army to analyze the Drill Regulations for the Infantry in 1909, and the contents and methods of the "Military Drill" since 1910 s. By reason of the above, in this treatise, I investigate some basic problems of the precept and the battle on the Russo-Japanese War in the Japanese Army together with the Drill Regulations for the Infantry in 1909 within the object of the analysis of the contents and methods of the "Military Drill" since 1910 s. At this time, it is exceedingly important for us to criticize the esteem of the mind and spiritual energy as fidtitious form that had been emphasised in the Japanese Army. And, I have tried to clarify that the Japanese Army had never set value on the mind and spiritual energy in their drill and the education in army. It was not the mind and spiritual energy but the force and violence that the Japanese Army had set value on. Namely, the Japanese Army had payed attention to the meanings of the Formation of the People that the contents and methods of the combination on the human about the rule and obedience (the limitless watch and interference toward the mind and thoughts, the control of the specific type of the action, the scorn of the personality in accordance with the force and violence, the distrust toward the soldier, the negation of the originality of the soldier) in the drill regulations for the infantry and the education in army bring to completion. And, the Military Authorities in Japan would have strengthened the poritical power of the domination in accordance with the magnification of the above Drill (and the Education in Army) throughout all the branch of the National Education, intentionally, and systematically, since the Russo-Japanese War.

著者

久原 泰雄 Yasuo KUHARA 東京工芸大学芸術学部メディアアート表現学科 Department of Media Art Faculty of Arts Tokyo Polytechnic University

出版者

東京工芸大学芸術学部

雑誌

芸術世界 (ISSN:13493450)

巻号頁・発行日

no.14, pp.43-62, 2008

著者

佐藤 哲夫

出版者

学術雑誌目次速報データベース由来

雑誌

都市問題 (ISSN:03873382)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.84, no.2, pp.73-88, 1993

著者

ジャハン サルワル 小田 利勝

出版者

神戸大学

雑誌

神戸大学発達科学部研究紀要 (ISSN:09197419)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, no.2, pp.201-210, 2000-03

著者

高橋 哲雄

出版者

京都大學經濟學會

雑誌

經濟論叢 (ISSN:00130273)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.176, no.4, pp.562-568, 2005-10

著者

笠原 賀代子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本栄養・食糧学会

雑誌

栄養と食糧 (ISSN:18838863)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.31, no.2, pp.171-175, 1978-04-10 (Released:2010-03-01)

参考文献数

3

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大徳寺納豆の全香気成分, カルボニル成分, 酸性成分および塩基性成分につきGC-MS, IR分析およびtRによる同定を行なった。カルボニル成分としてアセトアルデヒド, イソブチルアルデヒド, イソバレルアルデヒド, フルフラール, 5-メチルフルフラール, ベンズアルデヒド, フェニルアセトアルデヒドの7成分, アルコール成分としてフルフリルアルコールを, 酸性成分として酢酸, プロピオン酸, イソ酪酸, n-酪酸, イソバレリアン酸, イソカプロン酸, n-カプロン酸, フェニル酢酸の8成分の計16成分を同定した。さらにトリメチルピラジン, テトラメチルピラジン, テトラハイドロピリジン, ピリジンおよび2-フリルメチルケトンの5成分を推定した。以上のうち大徳寺納豆の主要ピーク成分はイソバレルアルデヒド, フェニルアセトアルデヒド (ヒヤシンスの香り), フルフラールおよびフルフリルアルコールであり, これらの4成分に加えて微小ピークではあるがベンズアルデヒド (梅の花の香気成分) が大徳寺納豆香気の重要因子とみなされる。

出版者

International University of Japan

巻号頁・発行日

1989

著者

高橋 保 Takahashi Tamotsu

出版者

Sohei Nakayama IUJ Asia Development Research Programme, International University of Japan

雑誌

Bulletin of the Sohei Nakayama IUJ Asia Development Research Programme

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2, pp.247-272, 1990-03

著者

特定コレクション目録編集委員会編

出版者

東洋大学附属図書館

巻号頁・発行日

1997

著者

大亀 学 横山 泉

出版者

北海道大学理学部地球物理学教室

雑誌

北海道大学地球物理学研究報告 (ISSN:04393503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, pp.81-92, 1970-09-18

著者

Monden Akito Nakae Daikai Kamiya Toshihito Sato Shin-ichi Matsumoto Ken-ichi

出版者

Nara Institute of Science and Technology

巻号頁・発行日

2001-09

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Existing researches suggest that the code clone (duplicated code) is one of the factors that degrades the design and structure of software and lowers the software quality such as readability and maintainability. However, the influence of code clones on software quality has not been quantitatively clarified yet. In this paper we tried to quantitatively clarify the relation between code clones and the software reliability and maintainability of twenty years old software. As a result, we found that modules having a code clone (clone-included modules) are more reliable than modules having no code clone (non-clone modules) in average. Nevertheless, the modules having very large code clones (more than 200 lines) are less reliable than non-clone modules. We also found that clone-included modules are less maintainable than non-clone modules; and, modules having larger code clone are less maintainable than modules having smaller code clone.

著者

松本 英二

出版者

一般社団法人日本地球化学会

雑誌

地球化学 (ISSN:03864073)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, no.1, pp.27-32, 1983

被引用文献数

13

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The aim of this paper is to review the sedimentary environment in the Tokyo Bay. Great emphases were placed to the sedimentation rate and heavy metal and organic pollution to reveal the history of pollution and environmental changes in the Tokyo Bay.

著者

Tu Fangting

巻号頁・発行日

2012

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制度:新 ; 報告番号:乙2339号 ; 学位の種類:博士(理学) ; 授与年月日:2012/2/25 ; 早大学位記番号:新5932