著者

阿尾 安泰

出版者

九州大学

雑誌

言語文化論究 (ISSN:13410032)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, pp.61-68, 2002

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Jean-Jacques Rousseau parle de Louis XV dans l'Histoire du précédent écrit en expliquant son projet de déposer ses manuscrits. Quand il s'agit du roi que l'on appelle le Bien-Aimé, nous ne pouvons pas étudier son règne sans faire la lumière sur un événement très important: l'attentat de Damiens. Ce forfait horrible a exercé de grandes influences sur des domaines fort diversifiés. La police a fait tous ses efforts pour éclairer le complot de Damiens avant d'arrêter les coupables. Dans ces poursuites, apparaît l'affaire d'Armand. Ce garçon, âgé de 13 ans, fut accusé d'avoir prononcé des mots horribles contre le roi. Sans le crime de Damiens, cette histoire aurait pu être trop minime pour laisser des traces dans les archives judiciaires et policières. L'importance que l'on accorda aux actes de ce garçon s'explique par les intentions partagées par les contemporains qui visent à interpréter l'outrage de Damiens du point de vue de la communication avec le souverain. Il s'agit de la communication entre le roi comme un père bienfaisant et le peuple comme ses enfants dociles. Pour surmonter l'horreur de cet événement on essaya de rétablir ces relations avec Louis XV qui perdait graduellement la confiance du peuple à cause d'erreurs politiques et fiscales. En effet après cet attentat, nombreuses furent les cérémonies qui fêtaient la guérison du roi blessé afin d'attester d'une unité totale et nationale. Mais il convient de souligner le fait que cet essai de réorganisation sera mis en cause par la Révolution qui remplacera cette relation féodale par de nouveaux liens unissant les frères et les scjeurs de la Nation dans les actes patriotiques.

著者

渡邊 貴之 久保田 英正 荒木 健次 浅井 秀樹

出版者

一般社団法人電子情報通信学会

雑誌

電子情報通信学会技術研究報告. CPM, 電子部品・材料 (ISSN:09135685)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.103, no.646, pp.51-55, 2004-01-30

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本報告では,PWB(printed wiring board : プリント配線板)設計への応用を目的とした,フルウェーブEMI (electromagnetic interference : 電磁妨害)シミュレータBLESS(Board Layout Evaluation and Su eeestion System )について述べる.本シミュレータは並列分散型FDTD(Finite-Difference Time-Domain)法に基づき,PCクラスタ上で動作する.本稿では,まず, BLESSによる解析の妥当性をSパラメータの実測値との比較によって示す.そして,本シミュレータを用いた,市販デジタルスチルカメラ内の多層PWBの解析例を示す.what-if解析と組み合わせることにより,PWB設計の検証を行い,少ない試作回数での最適化を実現する.

著者

川上 雅弘

出版者

恵泉女学園大学

雑誌

人文学部紀要 (ISSN:09159584)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, pp.103-119, 2000-01

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"The aim of this paper is to describe some religious expressions in Late Middle English on the basis of our own data from Margaret Paston's letters and papers. Despite extensive and complete texts of Paston Letters edited by Gairdner and Davis, a Paston glossary still has not appeared in print. Classifying the data according to the optative and the non- optative types, we suggest that the optative type should take up the position primarily towards the end of the letter and that it should be expressed in certain fixed forms. Margaret's optative sentences include the following sixteen verbs: amend, assoil, be, bless, bring, defend, deliver, give, have, help, keep, make, preserve, save, send, speed, of which the five verbs, amend, assoil, bring, deliver, make are not listed among the optative verbs in the OED nor in the MED. Moreover, the fixed form 'The Trinity have you in his keeping' is that of Margarets's optative sentences addressed to her husband, and the more simplified form 'God keep you' is that to her two sons. With regard to the non- optative type, we clarify some religious expressions in the main and the subordinate clauses, and in the prepositional phrases."

著者

Toru SAGAWA

出版者

京都大学

雑誌

African study monographs (ISSN:02851601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.2, pp.pp. 63-86, 2006

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Since the 1980s, many researchers have reconsidered and criticized the representation of pastoral societies in East Africa as patriarchal. But they often failed to question the Western biased analytical framework, that is, the public-political-men/ private-domestic-women dichotomy. In this paper, I focus on the space of coffee drinking in the house, one of the most daily and communal spaces among the Daasanetch of southwestern Ethiopia to examine the applicability of this dichotomy. The handling of coffee is under the wife's discretion, and only she can brew and allocate it, so that the space of coffee drinking fundamentally depends on her work. This space has a political importance such as to entertain guests, to bless the society with peace and affluence, and to conduct many rites de passage. This space is for the gathering and discussion by people of all social categories on private to public topics. The wife always participates in the activities of this space not only as a laborer but as an active participant in the processes of rituals and discussions. Distinctions of public/private domains and political/domestic activities are almost meaningless in the Daasanetch space of coffee drinking. While a wife brews and allocates coffee as a domestic worker in her private house, she participates in the political discussion to settle public issues. The space is both private and public, and the wife is domestic and political simultaneously.

著者

笠原 俊彦

出版者

長崎大学

雑誌

經營と經濟 : 長崎工業經營専門學校大東亞經濟研究所年報 (ISSN:02869101)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.82, no.4, pp.25-62, 2003-03-25

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The sects developed from the Baptistic movement, or briefly Baptistic Sects, are regarded by Weber as primary and positive in the doctrine as compared to Calvinism, while Pietism and Methodism are thought secondary and passive to Calvinism both in the doctrines and the ascetic ethics. One of the decisive characteristics of Baptistic Sects was just their 'sects' which mean the church originally invisible in heven concreted visible on earth by the genuine Christians with their voluntary will. And the doctrine of these sects was different from that of old Protestantism and also from that of Cathoricism. It was that the bless could be given only by the manifestation i. e. the work of God's spirit within one's soul; - the Renaissence of the pneumatic theory of early Christianism. There were two moments distinct in the religious mind of Baptistic Sects : (1)Bibliocracy and (2)waiting for the manifestation. The first generation of Baptistic Sects thought that only 'the awakened' were the 'brothers of Christ', because they were made of the spirit of God, and held the Bibliocracy in the meaning of esteem and acquirement of the way of the Apostl's life. This was accompanied with aversion to uninevitable intercourse with worldly life - difference from Calvinism - and with repugnance to any appreciation and worship of creature and so of worldly pleasure - alikeness to Calvinism. However, Baptistic Sects had another moment of religious mind strong enough to restrict its Bibliocracy. What had been revealed and described in the Bible was not all but a part of God's words and the words were to be manifested continuously from the past to the present, so that not only the Bible but also the revelation to each conscience of the believers was to be adored. This idea, which prized the 'subjective' conscience, led to complete the liberation from all the magics and so from the salvation by the church - to the same effect of Calvinism. Alikeness with Calvinism is also seen in the doctrine that the bless by God, once given, was never lost because this was the work of God and made the men free from all the sins, and, with some slight difference in this turn, that the bless was to be endowed not to all but to some i. e. to the limited number of 'the grown-up'. As well as in Calvinism, 'good deed' in Baptistic Sects was the inevit- able sign of one's blessed state; but the deed in the early Baptistic Sects was thought to be far from the worldly life and worked passively to the economic occupation. The ethical life in this sense was supposed to be needed in waiting for the manifestation; it meant the preparation for the revelation because the spirit of God spoke only to the soul soothed and cooled by the ethical deed. The idea of coolness was accepted in the minds of broad circle when Baptistic movement spreaded into the regular lives of the worldly occupations, and then the people with these occupations began to controll their very wordly lives by their conscience; - a notable change in the religious mind of Baptistic Sects, I think. The membership of the citizens pressed Baptistic Sects to proceed now on the soil of worldly asceticism prepared by Calvinism. This was forced also by the Protestant notion that asceticism in monkery was adoration of creature and anti-Bible, and stimulated by the rejection of politics and by the hostility to the aristcratic life style. Worldly asceticism in Baptistic Sects was activated more by the spontaneousness in Baptistic Sects which valued the free will of its members instead of the regulation by the church-police which persecuted people with close examination and oppressed their autonomy in asceticism. From all the observations above, Weber concludes that Baptistic Sects did not give any remarkably new contribution to the development of the idea of calling, and so are to be ignored at large in the following stages of his study. But we can not forget the moment of conscience which Baptistic Sects added to Calvinism and brought into the cool and formal legality of the Calvinistic mind some virtues of warmness as seen in B. Franklin.

著者

波平 恵美子

出版者

日本文化人類学会

雑誌

民族學研究 (ISSN:00215023)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.3, pp.230-256, 1974-03-31

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The purposes of the thesis are to analize Japanese folk belief with three basic concepts, hare, kegare and ke, and to discuss the structure of the folk belief. The concept of hare is concerned with the sacred, the pure, the clean, the good and the happy. The concept of kegare is concerned with the filthy, the bad, the ominous and sin. The concept of ke is concerned with the common, the usual, the profane, the neutral, not hare and not kegare. Generally speaking, Japanese religious activities are separated into two parts : one is concerned with the concept of hare and the other is with the concept of kegare. New Year ceremony, ceremonies concerning with farming and fiahing, rites of passage and any kind of ceremonies held have in a Shinto shrine are considered hare events. Death, child birth, menstruation, illness, injury and sexual intercourses are in the concept of kegare. Therefore, a funeral ceremony, a graveyard, a situation of child birth, woman in menstruation and a deformed person are kegare matters. In Chapter I, I discuss thess concepts in detail and set a model. In Chapter II, I mention abundant data concerning the religious life on community level. The case of Section (1) is an agricultural mountain village. The village looks like being full of evil spirits and petulant gods. Futhermore, more than forty per cents of the households in the village are considered having predisposition to witches. The spirits and gods easily find kegare matters and cause illness and unhappiness. Therefore, the villagers are very sensitive to kegare and this concept is emphasized in their religious life. The case of Section (2) is a prosperous fishing village. The villagers often have Shinto ceremonies and bless good fishing in the ceremonies. Most parts of their religious activities are concerned with the concepts of hare. The concept of kegare is repressed in their life. The case of Section (3) is another agricultural mountain village. The villagers get their livelihood from agriculture and forestry half-and-half. The villagers have very complex and unstable religious ideas. They have replusion towards Buddhism more or less, although the village has Buddhist temples as a custom lasting several centuries. Some households cut their ties with those Buddhist temple and they hold Shintoist funeral ceremonies handled by a Shinto priest. In their religious life, Buddhism is sharply opposied to folk beliefs and Shintoism. The opposition can be considered a conflict between the concepts of hare and kegare. In Chapter III I discuss the models of hare, kegare and ke and the structure of Japanese folk belief.

著者

木鎌 安雄

出版者

聖トマス大学

雑誌

サピエンチア : 英知大学論叢 (ISSN:02862204)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, pp.11-31, 2007-02

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この小論は,『岸英司名誉教授追悼記念号』に載せるために,英知大学論叢編集委員会から依頼された原稿である。「教区司祭の霊性」という題名の論文は,岸英司神父様のような教区司祭でしかも神学教授の方の書くべきものである。しかし,これまで日本語論文の中に,教区司祭の霊性について書かれたものを見たことがない。筆者は,岸英司神父様の生前のお姿とお言葉をしのびながら,この小論をまとめた。神学を専攻したことのない一信徒が教区司祭の霊性について書くことには,ある種の限界を感じているが,あえてそれを超えてまとめてみたい。したがって,教区司祭の霊性そのものを求めながら,今日の教区司祭の理想の姿や信徒の理想の姿,つまり教会のあるべき姿にふれている。小論をまとめるにあたって,教皇庁聖職者省著『司祭の役務と生活に関する指針』(2001年カトリック中央協議会)を参考にした。

著者

江口 再起

出版者

ルーテル学院大学

雑誌

テオロギア・ディアコニア (ISSN:02863596)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, pp.19-40, 2003

著者

荒木 健次 渡邉 貴之 浅井 秀樹

出版者

社団法人エレクトロニクス実装学会

雑誌

エレクトロニクス実装学会誌 (ISSN:13439677)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, no.5, pp.368-376, 2006-08-01

被引用文献数

2

著者

椎名 ちか子

出版者

大学図書館研究編集委員会

雑誌

大学図書館研究 (ISSN:03860507)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.85, pp.42-52, 2009-03

著者

近藤 正彦 岡村 靖

出版者

一般社団法人日本心身医学会

雑誌

心身医学 (ISSN:03850307)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.1, pp.81-82, 1988-01-15

著者

笠原 俊彦

出版者

長崎大学

雑誌

長崎大学経済学部研究年報 (ISSN:09108602)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, pp.1-18, 2003-03

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According to Weber, Pietism emerged within Calvinism and stayed there inseparably for a while. It stimulated Calvinism and revived the doctrine of 'selective blessing' which had been undermined temporarily in Calvinism itself, though Pietism showed indifference to, or even neglection of, the doctrinal study and discriminatory appreciation for 'the religious practice of asceticism' called 'practice of piety'. Pietism, then, began to hold 'the secret meeting' which was believed to be 'the church of the saved' made visible on earth of 'the invisible church' in heaven. And there, apart from the worldly life, they exercised their religious practice in order to get feeling of 'the coexistence with God' - the feeling similar to that of 'unio mystica' ('the mystical unification of beliver with God') of Lutheranism. This feeling of coexistence is one of the characteristics of Pietism considerablly important from Weber's viewpoint. Because, contrary to the Calvinists' coolness, it gave religious emotion to Pietists, and all the more, with this, made them seek not the ascetic battle in this worldly life to get the confidence in their eternal lives there in heaven, but the asceticism to get the bless already here on earth; this, together with their despisement of the worldly life as 'creature', diminished the power in the occupational labour and produced the organzations called 'sects' remote from the world and near to the monkery. Of course there was another direction in Pietism - the extraordinarily severe practice (severer by far than that of average Calvinists) of asceticism in worldly life, to get confidence in their own blessed state. This, however, we cannot distinguish from Calvinism, so far as Weber's observations concern. German Pietism is known with the names of its leaders - Spener, Francke and Zinzendorf. It was based on the ground of Lutheranism and accordingly went away from the Calvinistic doctrine of 'predetermination'. It could be said to be the result of the invasion of the Calvinistic asceticism into Lutheranism, and this brought disorder into the logic of German Pietism, - or more correctly, with its lack of deliberation in introducing Calvinistic asceticism, German Pietism could not formulate any logically consistent doctrine. Also in German Pietism there was a stream with considerable resemblance to Calvinism. It was the stream made by Francke who weakened the logic of the doctrine of selective blessing by setting, in this place, the doctrine of blessing by 'Bufikampf' - doctrine slightly but seriously mixed with emotional moment. This moment of emotion was the main factor which weakened and destroyed the iron logic of the Calvinistic doctrine; it became considerbly large, when one strolls from Francke to Spener, and finally enormous, when one reaches the strange confusion of Zinzendorf. pietism was held mainly by the people with traditional way of life, such as officials and workers of domestic industry. In a word, it was 'the religious pleasure of the leisure class'.

著者

竹本 琴美リリアン

出版者

一般社団法人照明学会

雑誌

照明学会誌 (ISSN:00192341)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.91, no.12, pp.777-781, 2007-12-01

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Brazil, a country that has a strong influence of Catholicism, commemorates Christmas following the European culture. Even though, it occurs in midsummer. Stores and shopping centers are decorated with creative ornaments. Banks in special, utilizes flashy ornaments to appeal themselves. In each region, Christmas illumination becomes more awesome year after year. It is a way to bless the people with happiness.

著者

清水 護

出版者

東京女子大学

雑誌

英米文学評論 (ISSN:04227808)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.1, pp.98-117, 1979

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At his funeral service, King Henry V was praised as "a king bless'd of the King of kings", who "fought the battles of the Lord of hosts". It is striking that such a concept of the ideal kingship derives from the figure of the Israelite kings in their prime of power. Even the future of the 'infant Elizabeth', daughter of Henry VIII, is blessed with the felicitous picture modelled upon the peaceful life of Solomonic prosperity. Dominant among the English people was the respect for their king as being 'the Lord's anointed', or 'the deputy elected by the Lord', as is seen in Ricbard II IV. i or Ricbard III III. i. Similar concepts of the 'demigod Authority' (Measure for Measure I. ii) and 'the deputed sword' (Id.II.ii) may have bearings upon the political theory of the Divine Right of Kings, which in turn seems to be based on Scriptural ideas as is evident in Romans 13. 1-4. Apart from the prominent idea concerning the ideal sovereignty, a casual analysis of the text of Henry V reveals a number of instances of Biblical images and wordings embedded in common parlance, such as 'th' offending Adam', 'have no wings to fly from God', 'death is to him advantage'. Over and above its title, a variant of the lex talionis, Measure for Measure is rich in Biblical references, notwithstanding that some of them are more or less obscure. 'Virtues go forth of us', 'torcbes do not ligbt them for themselves', 'Nature lends tbe smallest scruples of ber excellence but she determines herself the glory of a creditor, both thanks and use (=usury)' (all in I. ii), are instances which may be taken as reminiscences of Gospel passages. It must, however, be admitted that the last of the above illustrations is somewhat elusive, because the whole is the story of the one talent and the returning master in disguise, as was the Duke himself, who went on a journey disguised. Two kinds of imagery concerning the 'candle' or 'light' may be distinguished in the Bible-the one which emphasizes the giving forth of light to the world, which is prominent in the New Testament, and the other, the putting out of the light (of life), prominent in the Old Testament. Reflections of both of them can be found in Shakespeare. Macbeth's "Out, out, brief candle!" may be taken as an instance of the latter. It often happens in Shakespeare, as in many authors, that a cluster of Biblical phrasings appear in certain passages, particularly in those that have gained special popularity. The well-known soliloquy in Macbetb V. v is a striking example, where, besides the apparent 'dusty death', the sequence of 'candle light'→(walking) sbadows→(poor) players (→signifying notbing→vanity) could be traced by taking into account such passages as Job 8.9, Psalter 39. 6-7. "It is a tale told (by an idiot)" calls for special notice. The most likely source is Psalter 90.9: "We bring our years to an end, as it were a tale tbat is told." But why is life like a tale...? A comparison of various versions makes is clear that there is one group of translators which chooses words which denote transient breatb, such as sigb, murmur, talk. Another puts here quite surprisingly a spider's web. The problem is, why can the same original be rendered a breatb by some, and a spider ('s web) by others? It was further made clear that the Hebrew original favors breatb or sigb (→talk, tale), whereas, the Greek (LXX), the Syriac Version and the so-called popular 'Gallican Psalter' of the Vulgate (Which is Jerom's revision of the Old Latin Version in 387 A.D.) stand for spider, and that the Psalter and AV followed the 'Hebrew' Psalter of the Vulgate (which is Jerome's translation, started in 389 A.D., direct from the Hebrew). There is, however, nothing that bridges the ideas of the 'spider's web' and 'a tale' except the English rendering of the Greek and English LXX of this particular verse: "our years have spun out their tale as a spider." One thing should be added in this connection. Against AV's Job 27.18: "(The wicked man) buildeth his house as a motb", RSV puts "The house which he builds is like a spider's web", which is a translation according to LXX and the Syriac. Thus there seems to be a tendency in LXX and the Syriac to prefer the figure of a spider to signify something frail and transient. Further, 'as a tale that is told (i.e. has been told)' may have occasioned 'as tedious as a twice told tale' (King Jobn III. iv). It is sometimes open to question whether any particular Biblical reference was made wittingly. But a careful study of all such reminiscences and echoes is necessary and rewarding for the appreciation of English litereature, specifically Shakespeare, who is so outstanding in the use of the Scriptures. My thanks are due to my colleagues and friends who encouraged me in clarifying the mystery of 'a tale that is told', although something still remains untold.

著者

Oikawa K. Yoshida K. Takayanagi S. Otsuka H. Okamura Y.

出版者

社団法人日本産科婦人科学会

雑誌

日本産科婦人科學會雜誌 (ISSN:03009165)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.8, 1989-08-01

著者

Goring H. Bless W. Schenk D. Kretschmer H.

出版者

一般社団法人日本植物生理学会

雑誌

Plant and cell physiology (ISSN:00320781)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.5, pp.833-838, 1978-08

被引用文献数

1

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The detectability of stored growth at various elongation rates (IAA- and acid-induced) was investigated in 5-mm wheat coleoptile segments. After 20 min turgor reduction by 0.15 M or 0.20 M mannitol, the detectability of stored growth depended on the elongation rate before turgor reduction. A hypothesis was proposed that the amount of stored growth is limited. Depending on the elongation rate, this then appears as complete or partial compensation of the growth lost during turgor reduction. The limit for full compensation was about 300 μm/hr・segment. At elongation rates of > 600 μm/hr・segment, no stored growth could be detected. The elongation of the wheat coleoptile sections at low and high elongation rates is assumed to be limited by different rate-determining steps.

著者

土屋 十圀 中村 要介

出版者

前橋工科大学

雑誌

前橋工科大学研究紀要 (ISSN:13438867)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, pp.9-15, 2006-03-31

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This study estimated the safety degree of flood control at Yattajima, the Tone river, Japan to verify effects of additional dams. Rainfall events considered are Typhoon Catherine in 1947, Ise Bay Typhoon in 1959, the typhoon No. 15 in 1981, and the typhoon No. 5 in 1998. The storage function method was used for runoff analysis, which showed good agreement between observed and computed discharges. Using the spatiotemporal rainfall pattern of Typhoon Catherine, this study simulated rainfall-runoff at each time stage; 1959 with two dams, 1981 with five dams, and 1998 with six dams (the same as present situation), and evaluated the effect of these added dams on flood control in terms of the decrease of peak discharge at Yattajima. The decreases estimated were 513-1,253m^3/s for the 1959 situation; 2,025-2,765m^3/s for 1981; and 2,233-2,973m^3/s for 1998. It is also verified that the present situation with six dams can cope with 200-year floods, which is significant improvement because the past situation without dams could cope with 100-year floods.

著者

西村 豊 小川 信雄 山本 富史 信藤 謙蔵

出版者

社団法人日本獣医学会

雑誌

日本獸醫學雜誌 (ISSN:00215295)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, 1967-12-25

著者

Matthewson Claire

出版者

放送大学

雑誌

研究報告 (ISSN:09152202)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.57, pp.329-378, 1993-02

著者

栗原 和夫 加藤 輝之

出版者

社団法人日本気象学会

雑誌

天気 (ISSN:05460921)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.9, pp.631-636, 1997-09-30

被引用文献数

5