著者

Nam-Hee Kim Jarvis T. Chen Ichiro Kawachi

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.5, pp.215-220, 2022-05-05 (Released:2022-05-05)

参考文献数

31

被引用文献数

2 2

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Background: In 2012, the Korean National Health Insurance extended its coverage to include denture services for older adults. We examined whether the new policy resulted in improved chewing ability in the eligible population.Methods: We used interrupted time-series (ITS) analysis, a quasi-experimental design, to analyze the effect of the policy. We used data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted from 2007 to 2016–2018. The study population consisted of two groups: the treatment group, aged 65 years or older and eligible for the dental insurance benefit; and the control group, those younger than 65 years and ineligible. The main evaluated outcome was self-reported chewing difficulty.Results: The ITS analysis showed that chewing difficulty decreased annually by 0.93% (95% CI, −1.30 to −0.55%) and 0.38% (95% CI, −0.59 to −0.16%) after the policy extension in the older than 65 and younger than 65 groups, respectively. However, we could not conclude that the insurance extension affected chewing difficulty because there was a decrease in the control group as well.Conclusion: Chewing ability improved in both older and younger adults regardless of dental insurance coverage for older adults. Other exogenous factors probably led to the improvements in chewing ability as well as dental insurance benefits.

著者

山岡 航

出版者

名古屋学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

名古屋学院大学論集 社会科学篇 = THE NAGOYA GAKUIN DAIGAKU RONSHU; Journal of Nagoya Gakuin University; SOCIAL SCIENCES (ISSN:03850048)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.57, no.4, pp.177-208, 2021-03-31

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譲渡された債権について債務不履行があり,譲受人に譲渡人よりも多くの損害が生じた場合,この損害の賠償をそのまま認めてよいかには,一考の余地がある。ここでは,特に,債務者が債権譲渡によって不利益を被ってはならないという原則との関係が問題になる。本稿では,ドイツ法を参照し,損害賠償の範囲に関して保護されるべき債務者の利益の有無を検討した。その結果,債務者の利益としては,損害額に関する抽象的なもの,損害発生への対処可能性に関するもの,損害の範囲に関する具体的なものの3 種類があり,後二者については,それぞれ,債権譲渡にともなう不利益の禁止,契約自由の原則から要保護性が認められることを示した。これにより,債務者が負担する損害の範囲は,譲渡人との契約を基礎に決定されることになる。このことは,債務者と譲渡人との間の契約の効力が譲受人にも及んでいることを意味し,契約当事者概念の分析に接続しうるものである。

著者

山岡 航

出版者

名古屋学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

名古屋学院大学論集 社会科学篇 = THE NAGOYA GAKUIN DAIGAKU RONSHU; Journal of Nagoya Gakuin University; SOCIAL SCIENCES (ISSN:03850048)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.57, no.1, pp.123-184, 2020-07-31

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債権譲渡との比較において契約上の地位の移転の独自の効果とされてきたものの1つに,解除権の移転がある。しかし,債権譲渡において債権の譲受人にその債権の発生原因である契約の解除権を認める見解もあり,契約当事者の地位にともなって解除権が移転するということには,理論的に検討の余地がある。本稿では,ドイツ法を参考に,債権譲渡の場面から,解除権と契約当事者の地位との関係を明らかにすることを試みた。検討の結果,解除権は,契約当事者の自己決定の保護を目的としており契約当事者以外の者に帰属しえないこと,および,契約上の地位の移転によって移転するのではなく,地位を譲り受けた者のもとで新たに発生することを明らかにした。このことは,契約当事者の地位を移転の対象とする一般的な理解に対して再検討の必要性を示すとともに,契約当事者の地位および契約当事者概念の分析の端緒となり得るものである。

著者

山岡 航

出版者

名古屋学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

名古屋学院大学論集 社会科学篇 = THE NAGOYA GAKUIN DAIGAKU RONSHU; Journal of Nagoya Gakuin University; SOCIAL SCIENCES (ISSN:03850048)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.56, no.4, pp.17-96, 2020-03-31

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債権譲渡との比較において契約上の地位の移転の独自の効果とされてきたものの1つに,解除権の移転がある。しかし,債権譲渡において,債権の譲受人にその債権の発生原因である契約の解除権を認める見解もあり,契約当事者の地位にともなって解除権が移転するということには,理論的に検討の余地がある。本稿では,ドイツ法を参考に,債権譲渡の場面から,解除権と契約当事者の地位との関係を明らかにすることを試みた。検討の結果,解除権は,契約当事者の自己決定の保護を目的としており契約当事者以外の者に帰属しえないこと,および,契約上の地位の移転によって移転するのではなく,地位を譲り受けた者のもとで新たに発生することを明らかにした。このことは,契約当事者の地位を移転の対象とする一般的な理解に対して再検討の必要性を示すとともに,契約当事者の地位および契約当事者概念の分析の端緒となり得るものである。

著者

Shucheng Si Lei Hou Xiaolu Chen Wenchao Li Xinhui Liu Congcong Liu Yunxia Li Tonghui Yuan Jiqing Li Bojie Wang Hongkai Li Fuzhong Xue

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.5, pp.205-214, 2022-05-05 (Released:2022-05-05)

参考文献数

40

被引用文献数

2 20

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Background: Causal evidence of circulating lipids especially the remnant cholesterol with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease (CVD) is lacking. This research aimed to explore the causal roles of extensive lipid traits especially the remnant lipids in CVD.Methods: Two-sample Mendelian randomization (TSMR) analysis was performed based on large-scale meta-analysis datasets in European ancestry. The causal effect of 15 circulating lipid profiles including 6 conventional lipids and 9 remnant lipids on coronary heart disease (CHD) and ischemic stroke (IS), as well as the subtypes, was assessed.Results: Apolipoprotein B (Apo B), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and triglyceride (TG) were still important risk factors for CHD and myocardial infarction (MI) but not for IS. Apo B is the strongest which increased the CHD and MI risk by 44% and 41%, respectively. The odds ratios (ORs) of total TG on CHD and MI were 1.25 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.13–1.38) and 1.24 (95% CI, 1.11–1.38), respectively. A one standard deviation difference increased TG in medium very-low-density lipoproteins (M.VLDL.TG), TG in small VLDL (S.VLDL.TG), TG in very small VLDL (XS.VLDL.TG), TG in intermediate-density lipoproteins (IDL.TG), TG in very large HDL (XL.HDL.TG), and TG in small HDL (S.HDL.TG) particles also robustly increased the risk of CHD and MI by 9–28% and 9–27%, respectively. TG in very/extremely large VLDL (XXL.VLDL.TG and XL.VLDL.TG) were insignificant or even negatively associated with CHD (in multivariable TSMR), and negatively associated with IS as well.Conclusion: The remnant lipids presented heterogeneity and two-sided effects for the risk of CHD and IS that may partially rely on the particle size. The findings suggested that the remnant lipids were required to be intervened according to specific components. This research confirms the importance of remnant lipids and provides causal evidence for potential targets for intervention.

著者

大中 一彌

出版者

法政大学国際文化学部

雑誌

異文化. 論文編 = Journal of Intercultural Communication (ISSN:13493256)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, pp.127-151, 2022-04-01

著者

山内 康太 小柳 靖裕 岩松 希美 熊谷 謙一 藤本 茂 鈴木 聡

出版者

一般社団法人 日本脳卒中学会

雑誌

脳卒中 (ISSN:09120726)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.6, pp.418-424, 2013-11-25 (Released:2013-11-25)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

3

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要旨:【背景・目的】Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia(SARA)は脊髄小脳変性症における運動失調の評価を目的として作成された.脳卒中による運動失調をSARA にて評価した研究は少ない.本研究では急性期脳卒中におけるSARA の有用性について検討した.【方法】2011 年6 月から2012 月7 月までに椎骨脳底動脈領域の脳卒中による運動失調に対しリハビリテーションを施行した18 例を対象とした.発症1 週目におけるSARA,National Institute of the Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS),Functional Ambulation Category(FAC),Barthel Index(BI)および入院期間を調査し,SARA の有用性を検討した.【結果】発症1 週目におけるNIHSS とBIは相関を認めなかった(p=0.557,r=−0.148).しかしSARA とBI は有意な負の相関を認めた(p=0.001,r=−0.725).FAC に関しては,NIHSS との相関は認められず(p=0.582,r=−0.139),SARA とは負の相関を認めた(p<0.001,r=−0.800).NIHSS と入院期間に相関は認めなかった(p=0.550,r=0.151).SARA と入院期間は正の相関を認めた(p<0.001,r=0.874).【結論】脳卒中に伴う運動失調の重症度評価において,SARA はNIHSS に比べてFAC,BI,入院期間と相関が高く,有用であることが示唆された.

著者

Kenji Shimizu Takayuki Ushikubo Takeshi Kuritani Naoto Hirano Shigeru Yamashita

出版者

GEOCHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN

雑誌

GEOCHEMICAL JOURNAL (ISSN:00167002)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.GJ22019, (Released:2022-11-22)

被引用文献数

1

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Analyses of elemental abundances by secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) require matrix-matched standard samples to account for the matrix effect on correction factors. This requirement makes it difficult to obtain accurate results for geological samples of variable chemistry. In this study, we prepared 39 volcanic glasses of foiditic, basaltic, basaltic andesitic, rhyolitic and pure SiO2 compositions, including synthetic samples and natural samples collected from the deep seafloor. The measured H2O contents of these samples were in the range 0.02–4.8 wt%. We showed that calibration curves (H2O content vs. 16OH−/30Si−SIMS ratio) differed according to the composition of the volcanic glasses. Our results demonstrated that for a particular 16OH/30SiSIMS ratio, water content could differ by up to a factor of five, depending on the composition of the volcanic glass. Although the correction factor (the slope of the calibration curve for water [H2O/(16OH−/30Si−)SIMS]) was weakly correlated with SiO2 content, we identified a stronger correlation with the molar weight (g mol−1, on a one-oxygen mole basis) of the silicate glasses. Our results suggest that modification of the correction factor for the matrix effect on SIMS-based H2O content of volcanic glasses according to their molar weights provides more accurate water contents of silicate glasses, regardless of their chemical composition and water content and without the need for a series of standard glasses of known water contents.

著者

板倉 陽一郎

雑誌

研究報告グループウェアとネットワークサービス(GN)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2013-GN-89, no.28, pp.1-8, 2013-09-04

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復興庁職員によるツイッターでの不適切発言事案が発生したことから,総務省は,同様の事案の再発防止を期する観点から、各府省庁等に対して職員の服務規律の徹底を求めるとともに、「国家公務員のソーシャルメディアの私的利用に当たっての留意点」 を取りまとめ、各府省庁等に対して、これを参考に職員への周知徹底を行うほか、必要に応じて、内規の制定、研修の実施等を行うよう求めている。本発表では,同取りまとめの意義を,具体的事例を交えて解説するとともに,その影響等につき考察する。

著者

Satomi Odani Tomohiro Shinozaki Kenji Shibuya Takahiro Tabuchi

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.4, pp.195-203, 2022-04-05 (Released:2022-04-05)

参考文献数

31

被引用文献数

9

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Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has disproportionately affected the most vulnerable populations. We assessed the prevalence and disparities of economic hardships and their impact on health deterioration in Japan.Methods: Data were obtained from a nation-wide, cross-sectional, internet-based, self-reported survey conducted during August–September, 2020 with individuals aged 15–79 years in Japan (n = 25,482). Economic hardships and changes in various physical and mental health status were measured using sample-weighted data. Adjusted prevalence ratios (APRs) were estimated to investigate the associations between economic hardships and health outcomes.Results: During April–September, 2020 in Japan, 25.0%, 9.6%, 7.9%, and 3.1% of the respondents experienced income loss, money shortage, financial anxiety and financial exploitation, respectively, with higher prevalence among workers (vs non-workers). Stratifying by sex and working status, income loss was associated with physical health deterioration (APRs ranged from 1.45–1.95), mental health deterioration (APRs ranged from 1.47–1.68), and having serious psychological distress (APRs ranged from 1.41–2.01) across all strata. Shortage of money and financial anxiety were also associated with increased likelihood of all adverse health outcomes assessed, regardless of whether the hardships were pre-existing or experienced first time. Among non-working individuals, financial exploitation was associated with physical health deterioration among males (APR 1.88) and mental health deterioration among both males (APR 1.80) and females (APR 2.23), while such associations were not observed among working individuals.Conclusions: During the early phase of the COVID-19 epidemic, COVID-19-related economic hardships were associated with physical and mental health deterioration in Japan, particularly among the vulnerable populations. Timely and prompt responses are warranted to mitigate both economic and health burdens.

著者

李 星洋

出版者

記録管理学会

雑誌

レコード・マネジメント (ISSN:09154787)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.79, pp.34-39, 2020 (Released:2020-12-14)

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中国の档案をめぐる状況は、1987年の档案法が公布されて以降、大きく変わった。档案の保存・管理・公開などが詳細に規定された。海外の一部の研究者は、中国で档案と呼ばれるものには非常にセンシティブな情報が含まれ、それ故に档案館は単なる文書管理だけではなく、権力側で個人情報を把握する国家機関だと考えている。また、档案館は日々国民の日常生活を監視するという冷ややかな評価もある。では実際に中国の档案館はどのような機関なのか、档案管理制度はどのように制定されたのか、かかる問題点を本研究ノートで明らかにしたい。また、档案の管理と利用に関する中国の課題や中国の档案館の特徴を指摘したい。

著者

宮田 重雄

出版者

慶應義塾大学

巻号頁・発行日

1934

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博士論文

著者

日高 洋

出版者

一般社団法人日本地球化学会

雑誌

地球化学 (ISSN:03864073)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.3, pp.77-90, 2019-09-25 (Released:2019-09-25)

参考文献数

57

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Nuclear reactions are one of major causes of isotopic variations of several elements in natural materials. The Oklo uranium ore in the Francevillian Basin at Republic of Gabon is known as a fossil of natural fission reactor, because large-scaled fission chain reactions spontaneously occurred in the ore two billion years ago. It is of major concern to characterize the properties of the nuclear reactors and to investigate the behavior of fission products in and around the reactors. In this paper, firstly, geological and physicochemical characteristics of the Oklo natural fission reactors and their implications for radioactive waste disposal are shown. In the second, isotopic variations of several elements observed in meteorites and lunar surface materials are reviewed from my previous studies. Spallation reactions and neutron capture reactions induced by the interaction of cosmic rays produce the isotopic variations of some elements in the surficial materials of solar planets without atmospheric layers. Neutron capture-produced isotopic shifts of 149Sm-150Sm and 157Gd-158Gd have been usefully applied to understand the cosmic-ray exposure histories of meteorites and lunar surface materials. Additionally, several elements of solar primitive materials like carbonaceous chondrites show isotopic variations affected from the input of nucleosynthetic components out of the early solar system. As one of examples, Ba isotopic variations found in chemical separates of the Murchison meteorite are shown.

著者

若林 義夫

出版者

岡山大学

巻号頁・発行日

1998

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博士論文

著者

Yoshihiko Hosokawa Sumiyo Okawa Ai Hori Naho Morisaki Yoko Takahashi Takeo Fujiwara Shoji F. Nakayama Hiromi Hamada Toyomi Satoh Takahiro Tabuchi

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.4, pp.188-194, 2022-04-05 (Released:2022-04-05)

参考文献数

31

被引用文献数

45

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Background: Reluctance of people to receive recommended vaccines is a growing concern, as distribution of vaccines is considered critical to ending the COVID-19 pandemic. There is little information regarding pregnant women’s views toward coronavirus vaccination in Japan. Therefore, we investigated the vaccination rate and reasons for vaccination and vaccine hesitancy among pregnant women in Japan.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study involving 1,791 pregnant women using data from the Japan “COVID-19 and Society” Internet Survey, conducted from July to August 2021, and valid response from 1,621 respondents were analyzed. We defined participants with vaccine hesitancy as those who identified with the statement “I do not want to be vaccinated” or “I want to ‘wait and see’ before getting vaccinated.” Multivariate Poisson regression analysis was used to investigate the factors contributing to vaccine hesitancy.Results: The prevalence of vaccination and vaccine hesitancy among pregnant women was 13.4% (n = 217) and 50.9% (n = 825), respectively. The main reasons for hesitancy were concerns about adverse reactions and negative effects on the fetus and breastfeeding. Vaccine hesitancy was significantly associated with the lack of trust in the government (adjusted prevalence ratio, 1.26; 95% confidence interval, 1.03–1.54). Other factors, such as age, educational attainment, and state of emergency declaration, were not associated with vaccine hesitancy.Conclusions: COVID-19 vaccination is not widespread among pregnant women in Japan, although many vaccines have been shown to be safe in pregnancy. Accurate information dissemination and boosting trust in the government may be important to address vaccine hesitancy among pregnant women.

著者

野口 保

出版者

一般社団法人 日本生物物理学会

雑誌

生物物理 (ISSN:05824052)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.4, pp.248-252, 2007 (Released:2007-07-26)

参考文献数

13

著者

清水 修 永井 栄寿 藤田 稔之 藤本 博志 角谷 勇人 高橋 英介 山口 宜久 谷 恵亮 佐藤 正憲

出版者

公益社団法人 自動車技術会

雑誌

自動車技術会論文集 (ISSN:02878321)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.5, pp.1095-1100, 2021 (Released:2021-10-07)

参考文献数

10

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電気自動車の性能的課題である航続距離の課題解決のために磁界結合方式の走行中給電が提案されている.磁界結合方式で用いる磁界中に導体が存在すると渦電流が発生し,電力損失となる.本研究では,アスファルト路面に埋設したコイルで電力伝送を行うことで,給電効率が道路構造による影響の検証を行った.

著者

上野 裕久

出版者

The Japanese Association of Sociology of Law

雑誌

法社会学 (ISSN:04376161)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1954, no.5, pp.137-154, 1954-04-30 (Released:2009-04-03)

参考文献数

11

著者

Sei Harada Mizuki Sata Minako Matsumoto Miho Iida Ayano Takeuchi Suzuka Kato Aya Hirata Kazuyo Kuwabara Takuma Shibuki Yoshiki Ishibashi Daisuke Sugiyama Tomonori Okamura Toru Takebayashi

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.4, pp.180-187, 2022-04-05 (Released:2022-04-05)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

7

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Background: Heated tobacco product (HTP) use in Japan has rapidly increased. Despite this rapid spread, little is known about the health effects of HTP use. We conducted a longitudinal cohort study to investigate the change in smoking habits following the spread of HTP use and its effect on forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) decline.Methods: Participants consisted of a resident population (n = 2,612; mean age, 67.7 years) with FEV1 measurement in 2012–2014 and 2018–2019, and a worksite population (n = 722; mean age 49.3 years) without FEV1 data. Participants were categorized as combustible cigarette-only smokers, HTP-only users, dual users, past smokers, and never smokers. The association between smoking group and the change in smoking consumption over a mean 5.6 years was examined. Differences in annual FEV1 change between smoking groups were examined in the resident population.Results: Prevalence of HTP-only and dual users in 2018–2019 was 0.8% and 0.6% in the resident population, and 5.0% and 1.9% in the worksite population, respectively. The overall number of tobacco products smoked/used increased in dual users compared to baseline, but not in others. Annual FEV1 decline in dual users tended to be greater than that in cigarette-only smokers (16; 95% confidence interval, −34 to 2 mL/year after full adjustment). Participants switching to HTP-only use 1.7 years before had a similar FEV1 decline as cigarette-only smokers.Conclusions: HTP use, including dual use, is prevalent even in a rural region of Japan. Dual users appear to smoke/use tobacco products more and have a greater FEV1 decline. Tobacco policy should consider dual use as high-risk.

著者

榛葉英治著

出版者

毎日新聞社

巻号頁・発行日

1968