著者

Atsushi Goto Shiori Suzuki Ryoko Katagiri Taiki Yamaji Norie Sawada Masahiro Nakatochi Kenji Wakai Atsushi Hozawa Kengo Kinoshita Kozo Tanno Atsushi Shimizu Hidemi Ito Keitaro Matsuo Motoki Iwasaki

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.2, pp.115-116, 2022-02-05 (Released:2022-02-05)

参考文献数

5

著者

渡辺 晃宏

雑誌

研究報告人文科学とコンピュータ(CH)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2014-CH-102, no.10, pp.1-5, 2014-05-24

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古代木簡研究の歩みと歴史学における位置づけについて紹介する.また,情報技術が古代木簡研究にもたらした価値,および情報技術導入にあたってのポリシーについて述べる.

著者

Kodai MOTOHIRA Yoshinori IKENAKA Yared Beyene YOHANNES Shouta M.M. NAKAYAMA Victor WEPENER Nico J. SMIT Johan H.J. VAN VUREN Ana Catarina SOUSA Alex Ajeh ENUNEKU Emmanuel Temiotan OGBOMIDA Mayumi ISHIZUKA

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.19-0168, (Released:2019-08-23)

被引用文献数

2 4

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Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) is an organochlorine insecticide that has been used for indoor residual spraying for the control of mosquito-borne diseases including malaria. However, due to its toxicity and environmental persistence, there are concerns about its potential deleterious effects in humans and wildlife. Therefore, the current study aimed to monitor and estimate the level of DDTs in human communities. The accumulation of DDT and its metabolites was evaluated in house rat (as sentinel) livers collected in an area where DDT was sprayed. DDTs were measured using a gas chromatography / Electron Capture Detector. The results revealed high concentrations of DDTs in the rat livers and the levels of DDTs were similar to findings reported from the same area in 2014.

著者

藤元 薫 功刀 泰碩

出版者

一般社団法人 日本エネルギー学会

雑誌

燃料協会誌 (ISSN:03693775)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.9, pp.728-744, 1983-09-20 (Released:2010-06-28)

参考文献数

51

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The study of slurry phase Fischer-Tropsch synthesis which is operated by introducing synthesis gas into the suspension of fine powdery catalyst in heavy oil was begun in Germany during World War II. After the war, investigations were coducted in West Germany, in England, in the United States and in Japan to prove the excellence of the process.The slurry process which utilizes precipitated iron catalyst is characterized by the flexibility with which it can process CO rich gas with CO/H2 ratio up to 0.9 to give naphtha, middle distillates or heavy oils as the major products. The change in product pattern is achieved by only regulating catalyst composition and reaction temperature. The processing of CO rich gas in the slurry reactor is not only suitable for utilizing the product gas from the second generation coal gasifiers but also favorable for highly efficient F-T process. It is pointed out that the slurry process should be aimed at diesel fuel production because of the chemical character of products. The low productivity of slurry reactor is expected to be overcome by adopting some new technologies.

著者

福島 知津子 伊東 治己

出版者

The Japan Society of English Language Education

雑誌

全国英語教育学会紀要 (ISSN:13448560)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, pp.101-110, 2009 (Released:2017-04-27)

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The present paper focuses on concept mapping as a means to improve upper secondary school students' writing skills. First, the paper defines and specifies concept mapping and delineates its potential for Japanese upper secondary school students. Then the paper reports the results of the experiment in which concept mapping has been incorporated into the regular lessons of English writing at an upper secondary school. The effectiveness of concept mapping has been assessed by looking at the changes which have occurred in students' free compositions and the changes in the students' perceptions of writing. As far as the changes in the free compositions are concerned, the paper examines (1) the changes in the number of produced words and sentences, (2) the changes in the complexity of produced sentences, and (3) the changes in the contents of the free compositions. As for the changes in the students' perceptions of writing, the paper examines the results of the questionnaire administered at the end of the experiment.

著者

田中 宗信 佐藤 忠教 阿川 薫

出版者

一般社団法人 日本機械学会

雑誌

日本機械学会論文集 B編 (ISSN:03875016)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.484, pp.4084-4093, 1986-12-25 (Released:2008-03-28)

参考文献数

5

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An experimental study on the reforming characteristics of five different catalysts for methanol fuel was conducted and the endurance of each catalyst was examined using a fixed type reformer. A reformer utilizing the heat of exhaust gas was also designed and constructed, and the effect of blending the reformed methanol fuel to gasoline was studied in the combustion process of a spark ignition engine. Analyses of the indicator diagram show that the increase of the ratio of reformed gas and gasoline results in (1) an increase of speed and stability of combustion characteristics, (2)the extension of the lean limit of the air-fuel ratio, (3) an increase in the thermal efficiency, (4) a decrease in the cycle-by-cycle fluctuation of the combustion process, and (5) quick achievement of stability for abrupt changes in the throttle position. In view of three results, the optimum operating conditions are proposed.

著者

山本 為親

出版者

The Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan

雑誌

有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.6, pp.570-576, 1983-06-01 (Released:2009-11-13)

参考文献数

9

被引用文献数

2 2

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Fuel methanol made of natural gas or coal in large scale under adequate conditions can be substitute of petroleum products. In Japan now the fuel methanol is mainly considered as the fuel of internal combustion engines, however, the most profitable use of fuel methanol is the raw materials of petrochemicals industry. Ethylene and propylene can be made from by far higher yield than that from naphtha under mild conditions. Gasoline from methanol by MTB process contains about 30% of aromatic hydrocarbons. Against hydrocarbon steam reforming to make hydrogen carried out at 800-900°C, methanol can be steam reformed at 250300°C with more simple installation.If the cost of calorific value of fuel methanol and petroleum products are same, the use of methanol as raw material is profitable far away than use of petroleum naphtha in Japan.

著者

Euma Ishii Nobutoshi Nawa Hiroki Matsui Yasuhiro Otomo Takeo Fujiwara

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.2, pp.114, 2022-02-05 (Released:2022-02-05)

参考文献数

3

著者

徳留 信寛 王 静文

出版者

名古屋市立大学

雑誌

特別研究員奨励費

巻号頁・発行日

2004

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大腸がんには多くの環境要因が関連していますが、そのなかで脂肪および食物繊維摂取が重要だと考えられます。また、遺伝的感受性が大腸がんの発症に重要な役割を担っていることも報告されています。インドには各種ベジタリアンがおり食物繊維摂取量が多く、また、脂肪摂取量が少ないので大腸がん罹患率が低いのではないかと考えられています。遺伝的要因・環境要因と大腸がんリスクの関連を明らかにするためにインドにおける大腸がんの症例対照研究を行っています。この研究では、喫煙、飲酒はある程度の大腸がんのリスクと関連していたことが示唆されましたが、野菜、果物の高摂取は大腸がんの発症リスクを下げる効果が見られました。葉酸の代謝酵素MTHFRの遺伝子多型は大腸がんとの関連を検討したところ、MTHFR A1298C多型のCC型では統計学的に有意なリスクの低下を認め、さらに野菜の高摂取との交互作用が見られました。だが、MTHFR C677T多型と大腸がんのリスクとの関連は観察されませんでした。このほかに、脂肪の蓄積の主調節要因であるPPAR-gammaのPro12AlaとC161T遺伝子多型、細胞周期のG1期からS期への移行において重要な役割を演じるCCND1のA870G遺伝子多型と大腸がんの関連を検討しました。PPAR-gamma C161T多型のT alleleでは大腸がんのリスクが高く、特に結腸がんでは強い関連が観察されました。さらに、PPAR-gammaのPro-T haplotypeでは大腸がんリスクの高いことが見出されましたが、魚摂取の交互作用は認められませんでした。CCND1 AA型では大腸がんのリスクが高くなり、CCND1 A alleleが常染色体劣性遺伝形式に適合していることが認められました。さらにA870G多型は、肉、魚と野菜摂取により大腸がんリスクを修飾する可能性が示唆されました。

著者

篠田 謙一 神澤 秀明 角田 恒雄 安達 登 土肥 直美

出版者

国立歴史民俗博物館

雑誌

国立歴史民俗博物館研究報告 = Bulletin of the National Museum of Japanese History (ISSN:02867400)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.219, pp.295-299, 2020-03-27

著者

坂野 達郎

出版者

一般社団法人 日本計画行政学会

雑誌

計画行政 (ISSN:03872513)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.4, pp.3-8, 2022-11-15 (Released:2022-12-19)

参考文献数

20

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Almost 50 years have passed since the inception of mini-publics by two prominent inventors, Ned Crosby and Peter Dienel, in parallel. With the development of the theory of deliberative democracy in 1990s, mini-publics gained wider attention as the promising method to realize deliberative democracy. Since then, the number of mini-public projects has been increasing worldwide, spreading even in authoritarian regimes like China. Originally the pioneers of mini-publics promoted this method on the assumption that the communicative setting of mini-publics guarantees the quality of deliberation and that the opinions made by mini-publics will be influential on policy making. There is supporting empirical evidence for the first assumption. However, the second assumption is not necessarily true. Based on the experiences of various countries, ways to institutionalize mini-publics are now being explored. In this article, I categorize three stylized approaches of mini-public institutionalization: permanent citizens’ assembly, citizens’ initiative review, and installation of a mini-public into the administrative process. I discuss how these variations correspond to three different political regimes.

著者

Tetsuro Kobayashi Hiroshi Nishiura

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.2, pp.96-104, 2022-02-05 (Released:2022-02-05)

参考文献数

53

被引用文献数

1

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Background: A measles outbreak involving 60 cases occurred in Yamagata, Japan in 2017. Using two different mathematical models for different datasets, we aimed to estimate measles transmissibility over time and explore any heterogeneous transmission patterns.Methods: The first model relied on the temporal distribution for date of illness onset for cases, and a generation-dependent model was applied to the data. Another model focused on the transmission network. Using the illness-onset date along with the serial interval and geographical location of exposure, we reconstructed a transmission network with 19 unknown links. We then compared the number of secondary transmissions with and without clinical symptoms or laboratory findings.Results: Using a generation-dependent model (assuming three generations other than the index case), the reproduction number (R) over generations 0, 1, and 2 were 25.3, 1.3, and <0.1, respectively, explicitly yielding the transmissibility over each generation. The network data enabled us to demonstrate that both the mean and the variance for the number of secondary transmissions per primary case declined over time. Comparing primary cases with and without secondary transmission, high viral shedding was the only significant determinant (P < 0.01).Conclusions: The R declined abruptly over subsequent generations. Use of network data revealed the distribution of the number of secondary transmissions per primary case and also allowed us to identify possible secondary transmission risk factors. High viral shedding from the throat mucosa was identified as a potential predictor of secondary transmission.

著者

郭 南燕 中尾 徳仁 李 梁 白石 恵理

出版者

東京大学

雑誌

基盤研究(B)

巻号頁・発行日

2021-04-01

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土山湾は中国上海市徐家匯地区の村落である。1864年にイエズス会がそこに孤児院を設立し、職業訓練の工房を開設し、1950年代まで運営した。そこで制作された美術工芸品と印刷物は、幕末から昭和初期まで日本に輸入されて、博物館、記念館、修道院等に収蔵され、幅広く利用されている。本研究では、①日本に散在する土山湾の美術工芸品と刊行物に関する網羅的調査とデータベース化、②国内諸機関の書誌に対する補足情報の提供、③土山湾作品を手本とした幕末~明治初期の「プティジャン版」と布教用木版画の分析を通して、土山湾の作品が日本文化に与えた影響を検討し、日本現存の作品の保存と研究の推進に寄与したいと考える。

著者

志賀 潔

出版者

日本細菌学会

雑誌

細菌學雜誌 (ISSN:18836925)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1897, no.25, pp.787-810, 1897-12-15 (Released:2009-07-09)

出版者

BOC出版部

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新聞切り抜きに見る女の16年II メキシコ会議前夜(特集34)新聞記事のうしろ側-女性記者に聞くII 有馬真喜子・東浦めい・深尾凱子・松井やより・矢島翠一九七三年・風潮 物価高・モノ不足/抵抗する消費者たち/欠陥商品・食品公害/合成洗剤・進出・集会・活動 買春防止法/キーセン観光/リブ/母親パワー/主婦パワー/グループ・労働 看護婦/保母/内職・法・制度・裁判 裁判(女子定年制/森永ミルク中毒事件/赤ちゃんあっせん事件/K子さん事件)/制度(労基法/優生保護法改正案/育児休業制)・調査・統計 労働/くらし・保育・教育 保育所・幼稚園/育児/教育/家庭科共修・からだ 妊娠/中絶/ピル・意見・投書・相談・人 ひと/賞/訃報・本・繁栄のかげに 子捨て/子殺し/世相/福祉の貧困/ボランティア/公害・薬害/戦争のきずあと・海外 中国/ベトナム/イギリス一九七四年・風潮 物価狂乱・不況/抵抗する消費者たち/欠陥商品/合成洗剤・進出・集会・活動 怒れる主婦たち/リブも怒る/グループ/国際婦人年・労働 看護婦/内職・パート・法・制度・裁判 裁判/優生保護法/刑法改正/その他・調査・統計・保育・教育 育児・保育/保育所/富士学園/教育・からだ 妊娠/中絶/出産・意見・投書・相談・人 ひと/賞/訃報・本・繁栄のかげに 子殺し/母子心中/世相/福祉の貧困・海外 韓国/シンガポール/中国/アメリカあごら読書室めじゃあなりすとのめあごらのあごら編集後記

著者

池尾 靖志

出版者

明治学院大学キリスト教研究所

雑誌

明治学院大学キリスト教研究所紀要 = The bulletin of Institute For Christian studies Meiji Gakuin University (ISSN:09103082)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, pp.105-130, 2014-01-31

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【論文/Articles】

著者

朝倉 俊博

出版者

日本ソノケミストリー学会

雑誌

ソノケミストリー討論会講演論文集 7 (ISSN:24241512)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.1, 1998 (Released:2017-07-18)

著者

岡本 昌美

出版者

北海道大学大学院環境科学研究科

雑誌

環境科学 : 北海道大学大学院環境科学研究科紀要 (ISSN:03868788)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, no.2, pp.261-269, 1982-03-25

著者

田邉 咲智

出版者

関西大学大学院東アジア文化研究科

雑誌

東アジア文化交渉研究 = Journal of East Asian cultural interaction studies (ISSN:18827748)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, pp.81-102, 2020-03-31

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Hishida Shunsō (1874-1911) is a Japanese painter who pushed forward the reform of modern Japanese-style painting alongside Yokoyama Taikan (1868-1958), among others, at the Nihon Bijutsuin (Japan Art Institute), which was led by Okakura Tenshin 〔Kakuzō〕 (1862-1913). The first experiment they tried for the reform of Japanese painting was the style called "morotai" (the obscure style) . This style is a method of painting that uses shades of color without using outlines to express air and rays of light, etc. However, morotai failed to receive recognition inside Japan as it was criticized for its murky colors, unclear expression, and especially the elimination of traditional ink lines. While the style continued to attract criticism in Japan, Shunsō and Taikan joined Tenshin to travel to various parts of Europe and the United States between 1904 and 1905. They held exhibitions in the United States, Britain, and France and presented their style directly to Western audiences. Surprisingly, these audiences gave the morotai style the same recognition as that given to the style of James McNeill Whistler (1834-1903). Against this background, this paper will examine the travels Shunsō and Taikan made to study in the West, and examine their works while considering the influences acting between their works and Western painting. The paper will also examine why the style of morotai achieved the same recognition in the West as that of Whistler.