著者
萩原 正大 山本 正嘉
出版者
一般社団法人日本体力医学会
雑誌
体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.60, no.3, pp.327-341, 2011 (Released:2011-07-12)
参考文献数
58
被引用文献数
5 5

We simulated mountain climbing using walking on a treadmill in order to systematically evaluate the physical load during mountain climbing. The conditions of three types of load-(1) inclination of the walking path (walking uphill and downhill), (2) walking speed, and (3) backpack weight-were varied within the range assumed for normal mountain climbing (40 sets of conditions in total). When the three types of load were expressed as vertical work rate, energy expenditure (VO2) during walking uphill and downhill was distributed along roughly the same curve. The following characteristics of walking uphill and downhill were observed.A. Walking uphillFor all three types of load, increase in load gave a linear increase in VO2 and heart rate (HR). A lactate threshold (LT) appeared at an intensity of 62%VO2max, when HR was 78% HRmax. Rating of perceived exertion (RPE) was evaluated for the “Breathlessness” and “Leg Fatigue”, and both of these increased roughly in proportion to %VO2max.B. Walking downhillWhen walking downhill, VO2 was 35-50% the intensity of VO2 when walking uphill on the same slope and at the same speed. Energy expenditure did not exceed 60%VO2max in any of the load conditions, and no LT was seen. RPE values were higher for walking downhill than walking uphill, even when %VO2max values were the same. RPE values for the “Leg Fatigue” tended to be higher than for the “Breathlessness” at the same speed in downhill walking.Using these data, we created a table giving the intensity of exercise of mountain climbing expressed as VO2 per unit body mass and metabolic equivalents (Mets) with vertical migration velocity and total weight (Body weight + Backpack weight) as variables. This table gives mountain climbers a systematic understanding of the physical load under various mountain climbing conditions. It is likely to be of use as a reference for mountain climbers of different levels of physical fitness when practicing mountain climbing appropriate to their individual level. The present results suggest that in downhill walking, it is insufficient to express the physical load in energy expenditure (VO2 and Mets) alone, and the load on the leg muscles must also be judged using the RPE in the “Leg Fatigue”.
著者
小島 誠治
出版者
日本中性子科学会
雑誌
波紋 (ISSN:1349046X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.16, no.1, pp.44-47, 2006-01-15 (Released:2011-01-27)
参考文献数
15

Dynamical properties of lithium borate glass are studied by the measurements of complex heat capacity, ultrasonic velocity, Raman scattering and terahertz-time domain spectroscopy. The non-Debye nature of structural relaxation, anharmonicity and boson peak are discussed in relation with fragility.
著者
中釜 達朗 市川 隼人 保科 貴亮
出版者
公益社団法人 日本工学教育協会
雑誌
工学教育 (ISSN:13412167)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.63, no.2, pp.2_73-2_78, 2015 (Released:2015-03-28)
参考文献数
5
被引用文献数
1 1

A presentation practice in Japanese by rubric evaluation using TED talks as an educational tool was performed. The practical objectives were the acquisition of (1) presentation skills and the abilities of (2) adequate information collecting, (3) planning and (4) cooperating. From the questionnaires for the students, almost all of them realized that all the objectives were achieved. Additionally, using two TED talks and reviewing using rubric and review sheets for groups and individuals were particularly effective for achieving the objectives (1) , (1) and (3) , respectively. The rubric evaluation results obtained from the presentation groups and the student members were both comparable to those obtained from teachers in charge of the practice.
著者
ジェームズ・ ドーム 丸山 茂徳
出版者
公益社団法人 東京地学協会
雑誌
地学雑誌 (ISSN:0022135X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.127, no.5, pp.609-618, 2018-10-25 (Released:2018-11-14)
参考文献数
32
被引用文献数
2 2

Habitable Trinity is a new concept for a habitable environment proposed by Dohm and Maruyama (2015). This concept indicates that the coexistence of an atmosphere, an ocean, and a landmass, accompanied by a continuous circulation of material among these three components driven by the Sun, is one of the minimum requirements for life to emerge and evolve. Because a life body consists of carbon (mainly from the atmosphere), oxygen (mainly from an ocean), hydrogen (mainly from an ocean), nitrogen (mainly from the atmosphere), and various nutrients (supplied from a landmass), the presence of water alone is not a sufficient condition. The Habitable Trinity concept can also be applied to other planets such as Mars, Europa, and Titan, and even exoplanets, as a useful index in the quest for life-containing planetary bodies.
著者
石黒 浩毅
出版者
日本生物学的精神医学会
雑誌
日本生物学的精神医学会誌 (ISSN:21866619)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.33, no.3, pp.129-132, 2022 (Released:2022-09-25)
参考文献数
13

精神疾患のゲノム解明が進むことにより,疾患への偏見回避や治療・予防法の革新が期待できる。一方でゲノム情報は個人やその血縁者などに発症の不安を与える可能性もあり,その取り扱いには精神科医療ならびに精神保健や支援が望まれる。遺伝子・染色体疾患患者の精神症状に対する小児期医療から成人期医療へのトランジション問題とコモンディジーズである精神疾患の遺伝相談について,精神科医に求められるリテラシーを概説する。
著者
沼 柊門 田中 共子
出版者
日本応用心理学会
雑誌
応用心理学研究 (ISSN:03874605)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.47, no.2, pp.132-133, 2021-11-30 (Released:2022-02-28)
参考文献数
7

The aim of this study was to clarify how successful aging was related to the perception of aging from the relationship among "ikigai", which is a view of happiness peculiar to Japanese people, "gerotranscendence", and "adaptive acceptance". In a questionnaire-based survey covering these scales, ADL, degree of health, and basic attributes, efficacious responses were obtained from 186 Japanese people aged 60 and above. As a result of covariance structure analysis, it was suggested that recognizing and accepting their own changes as they aged would be important as an adaptive aging method, which leads to happiness in the present and future.
著者
井上 裕珠
出版者
日本応用心理学会
雑誌
応用心理学研究 (ISSN:03874605)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.47, no.3, pp.165-177, 2022-03-31 (Released:2022-06-30)
参考文献数
26

This study aimed to investigate whether consumers' food choices changes depending on the position in which calorie information is presented. Specifically, we replicated Dallas, Liu & Ubel (2019), in which American participants ordered less calorie food when calorie information was to the left than calorie information was to the right. We conducted psychological experiments on college students and people in their 20s to 60s using horizontal and vertical menus throughout the four studies. We consistently found that participants selected lower-calorie food when the calorie information was presented to the left in horizontal menus or above the menu name in the vertical menus than when calorie information was not presented. In the discussion, the implication and future research are discussed.
著者
藤後 悦子 三好 真人 大橋 恵 井梅 由美子
出版者
日本応用心理学会
雑誌
応用心理学研究 (ISSN:03874605)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.47, no.3, pp.178-189, 2022-03-31 (Released:2022-06-30)
参考文献数
32

Lifelong sports activities are expected to promote the physical and mental health of special needs children and result in many other positive effects, such as social development and making friends. Many children with special needs participate in community sports; however, their coaches are unlikely to be experts on special needs children, or knowledgeable about them. A qualitative survey was conducted to clarify the content of coaching and difficulties faced by coaches involved in community sports for special needs children. Sports coaches (N = 13, 9 men, and 4 women) who have educated children with special needs were interviewed. An M-GTA analysis extracted 6 categories and 25 concepts: "Problems faced," "ingenuity of relationships," "difficulty in relationships with other children, " "proactive relationships with other children," "relationship with parents," and "self-change." Results indicated that the coaches were confused about their understanding of the background of children with special needs, although they were trying to improve their skills. These results indicated the need for a training system for coaching and parenting special needs children. We have presented recommendations for future sports environments.
著者
山口 慎史 川田 裕次郎 野栗 立成 室伏 由佳 黄田 常嘉
出版者
日本応用心理学会
雑誌
応用心理学研究 (ISSN:03874605)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.47, no.3, pp.209-217, 2022-03-31 (Released:2022-06-30)
参考文献数
35

The purpose of this study was to examine impact of vulnerability on mental health among Japanese university athletes according to the weakest link model. The subjects of the survey were 689 university athletes (men = 467, women = 222, mean age = 19.9, SD = 1.24) belonging to the sports club activity of the university, and the survey was conducted in October 2017. The analysis showed that women athletes scored significantly higher mental health than men athletes, demonstrating that women athletes had poorer mental health than men athletes. In addition, the mental health of athletes with high vulnerability was showed to bad, and suggesting that those who are high vulnerable are about twice as likely to deteriorate in mental health as those who are low vulnerable. These results indicate the need to take an approach to maintaining good mental health for vulnerable athletes.