著者

金菱 清

出版者

国立歴史民俗博物館

雑誌

国立歴史民俗博物館研究報告 = Bulletin of the National Museum of Japanese History (ISSN:02867400)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.169, pp.241-269, 2011-11-30

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世界各地に所在する「不法占拠」は,国家の法律の枠組みの外側に位置づけられるのかそれとも包含されているものなのか。通常「不法占拠」地域は,法律の外側で扱われる対象である。そのため,実際に法律を運用する行政当局は,「不法占拠」を仕方なく黙認するかそれを否定すべく強制退去の手続きをとることになる。それに対して,本稿が扱う事例は,日本最大級の「不法占拠」地域に対して,法制度に則って公的補償を実施し「不法占拠」を円満に解消するものである。この点からすると「不法占拠」とは国家の法律に内包された存在でもあると言える。本稿は,前者の「不法占拠」を法制度の外側として切り離していた事象について,「人格崇拝」概念を用いながら,法制度のなかに取り込み「不法占拠」と公的補償とを架橋する論理とは何かということを検討する。「人格崇拝」は,社会が複雑化し,分業が進み,変化しやすい個々の意見のなかで,唯一無二のものとして安定した保証できる概念である。ただし,当該の「不法占拠」地域は,環境(騒音)・国民国家(在日)・土地(法)という本来人格概念を適応される枠組みから外され,剥き出しにされた人々が集住する場所である。ところが,「人格崇拝」の概念が無効だと言っているのではなく,むしろ人格化される過程のなかで,再編成されていく契機が制度上あることを「不法占拠」地域に対する公的補償は示している。具体的には,①行政レベルにおいては,空港施設の人格化によって,②民間レベルにおいては,お地蔵さんの人格化によって,「不法占拠」地域に暮らす人々に対する公的補償が行われ,「不法占拠」地域が解消されたことを明らかにする。本稿の意義は,「人格崇拝」の再配置によって局所的で集積的な貧困を軽減させるための社会政策のヒントを提示することにある。Should squatting, which is a worldwide phenomenon, be treated as an extralegal concept positioned outside the framework of national law, or should it be incorporated within legal frameworks? Squats are normally regarded as areas in which national law does not apply, and as such, the civil authorities of nations that do not address squatting in their legal systems either turn a blind eye to it or resort to eviction. This report, however, concerns itself with one of the biggest cases of illegal occupation in Japan, and how the authorities sought to resolve the issue amicably through public compensation conforming to the nation's legal system. In this respect, illegal occupation could be seen as having been incorporated within the nation's legal system.In this paper, I use Durkheim's concept of the cult of the individual to examine the logic that enables squatting, which in many countries is treated as lying outside the law, to have been incorporated into a legal system along with public compensation. Durkheim's "cult of the individual" defines the individual as the one and only constant on which people can count in the modern world with its increasing complexity, division of labor and diversity of ever-changing opinion. The squatters concerned in this case were forced to live life bare, alienated from the privileges that normally attach to individuals, such as good environment (the site suffered jet noise pollution) , status as nationals (the squatters were Korean) , and property under the law, but this does not invalidate the concept of the cult of the individual. Public compensation for the illegally occupied land rather pointed to opportunities in the system for remediation in the process of personification.More specifically, I attempt to show how it was in the context of personification of (1) airport facilities at the public administration level and (2) roadside deities at the private sector level that compensation for the people living on the illegally occupied site was arranged and illegal occupation resolved. The purpose of this report is to provide social policy pointers to halting and reversing the localized proliferation of poverty.

著者

高月 公博 古川 裕之 宮本 謙一

出版者

一般社団法人日本医療薬学会

雑誌

医療薬学 (ISSN:1346342X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.9, pp.838-846, 2008 (Released:2010-02-07)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

2 1

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The purpose of this study was to clarify the causality assessment information items necessary to improve the usefulness of individual case safety reports (ICSRs) from medical facilities as adverse drug reaction (ADR) information.To do this,we investigated standard causality assessment items used by pharmaceutical companies.The number of the companies responding was 76,93.8% of all Japan Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association (JPMA) member companies.We found that the use of algorithms for causality assessment,the grades and expressions used to describe causality,and criteria for determining whether reactions were ADRs or not varied among the companies as well as their divisions (whether they conducted clinical trials or post-marketing surveillance).Having such a variety of assessment criteria is inconvenient for the reporters who have to judge it and also lowers the validity of judgments.It also hampers the overall assessment of ADR information and may cause great differences in ADR frequencies.We therefore feel that it is desirable to agree on international criteria for causality assessment as soon as possible.

著者

WATTSON J. H. P.

雑誌

Minerals Engineering

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, no.9, 1996

被引用文献数

3 21

著者

布施 未恵子

出版者

一般社団法人 日本霊長類学会

雑誌

霊長類研究 (ISSN:09124047)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.2, pp.105-121, 2013-12-20 (Released:2014-02-28)

参考文献数

79

被引用文献数

2 3

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Most primates forage on insects to varying degrees. Research focusing on insect foraging behavior has been much less than that of feeding on plant foods. However, detailed studies on insect feeding behavior by primates are required to understand the effects of the relationship on the forest ecosystem. Such studies have revealed that various kinds of primates feed on insects, but the number of studies which have considered side effects of primate-insect relationships have been few. Such triadic relationships include 1) primate-insect-plant, and 2) primateinsect-parasite. Studies based on such viewpoints would lead to new perspective on the role of primate insectivory in forest ecosystems.

著者

松浦 隆幸

出版者

日経BP社

雑誌

日経コンストラクション (ISSN:09153470)

巻号頁・発行日

no.488, pp.12-17, 2010-01-22

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2009年10月、群馬県みなかみ町の渓流で、一つの治山ダム*が撤去された。林野庁の職員として治山ダムの撤去を提案し、実施の道筋を付けたのが田米開隆男だ。09年3月に定年退官するまで、林野庁で主に治山事業に携わってきたが、役所内ではずっと変人扱いされてきた。しかし、タブーにも自然体で向き合う変人こそが、変革期に突破口を開くのかもしれない。

著者

杉浦 悦子

出版者

慶應義塾大学日吉紀要刊行委員会

雑誌

慶応義塾大学日吉紀要 英語英米文学 (ISSN:09117180)

巻号頁・発行日

no.43, pp.1-33, 2003

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Sigrid Nunez, the author of three books, A Feather on the Breath of God(1995), A Naked Sleeper (1996), and Mitz: A Marmoset of Bloobsbury(1998), published her fourth book For Rounenna (2001), which she beginswith a reference to her first book.After my first book was published, I received some letters.Thus referring to her first book, Nunez tells us that the narrator of herfourth book is the same person with that of her first book. Though Nunezleft Staten Island in her second and third books and took Manhattan orLondon as her terrains, She returns in this book to Staten Island, where shehad begun her narrative in A Feather on the Breath of God.The first section of my essay will focus on the descriptions of thehousing project in Staten Island in both books. It is a residential area forthose who are not yet accepted into the States for several reasonsrespectively, including immigrants who have just arrived. Almost all thepeople who live there share one feeling, a feeling that they do not belongwhere they exist. They feel that they are not in the right place, and that theyare on their way from somewhere else to somewhere else, in short, afeeling of moving, of homelessness, of diaspora.On the other hand, for people outside the project, it is also a mistake.They never tread into it, let alone go across it. They will go around ithowever long it might take. They, the people outside, can somehowdistinguish the residents of the project from other Americans. By whatbrand, by what mark can they tell the people of the project from the otherAmericans? People of the project are strangers, outsiders, aliens for them.They live in the States, some might have a green card, some might have anAmerican citizenship, but they are still foreigners in America and thusStaten Island is symbolically a foreign country inside, or rather, at the heartof, America.Out of Staten Island, 'I' the narrator tries to escape into Manhattan. Thesecond section of this essay will focus on "A Feather on the Breath ofGod", the third chapter of the first book, in which 'I' is dedicated to aballet. This chapter can be read as a memory of a phase in the process ofgrowth in which 'I', the girl who has an American citizenship as abirthright and speaks American English as her mother tongue, has to cut offand cast off her foreignness rootwd in her existence in order to be anAmerican.What 'I' find in the world symbolized by a ballet is a way by which togo out of the world of reality and to be accepted into another world. Theformer world is associated with her parents, foreignness and Staten Island,and the latter with art, America and Manhattan. While the former isassociated with order, beauty and purity, the latter with a chaos, a squalor,and impurity.It is suggested that what she is trying to discard is something vital to her,something closely connected to the core of her life by the fact that herdedication to ballet includes abhorrence to eating. She persuades herselfnot to eat by emphasizing the repulsiveness of food imagining what foodturns into once eaten and digested. And the very state of chaos, ambiguityand impurity of food once in our body is precisely the metaphor offoreigners with their ambiguous identities, belonging to plural or nocountries, with languages imperfect and scattered with so many loan wordsand imperfect grammar, the foreignness woven into the texture of her life.As she consciously hates and refuses food, so she abominates and rejectsthe foreigner in herself, in order to be an American, in order to leave thehousing project in Staten Island which symbolizes a foreign country insideAmerica.However, when she grows up to be an English teacher for immigrants,that other self, that foreign self, which is supposed to have been cast off inher puberty, still abides in the depth of her heart, though oppressed, hiddeneven to herself. That is why 'I' is so ravished by a Russian immigrant, whois not only married but also a villain, almost a criminal, once suspected of amurder in his old country. If it had not been for that other self, she wouldnot have been so attracted by him or by his language. A Feather on theBreath of God depicts the process in which 'I' meets her other self, whichleads her to write lives for those who cannot write themselves. The thirdsection of my essay will explicate how through her love for a foreignerwho reminds her of her own father she gets awakened to her instinct fortranslation as an act of mediation between foreigners and other people.For Rouenna, Nunez's fourth book, is a short biography of a daughter ofPolish immigrants with whom 'I' share some period of childhood in thehousing project in Staten Island, but at the same time, it is a story of StatenIsland itself. Or rather a story of leaving and returning Staten Island.'I' is now writing in Manhattan. She hasn't been to Staten Island for along time. Though it is a home she had discarded many years before andwhich she has to abhor and reject, she, strangely enough, shares withRouenna a mixture of shame and love for that place. The fourth section ofthis essay will follow the process how Rouenna enables 'I', who has beenleading a lonely and sterile life, revives as a narrator.The vague uneasiness and fear and irresistible attraction 'I' feel towardRouenna derives from the memory of her past revived at her advent, theforeignness she once cut off and threw away in order to be an American.Rouenna appeals to the foreigner who lurks inside 'I'. This is suggested bythe Rouenna's connection with food. Rouenna urges the foreigner to writeher story because she cannot write it herself, to carry it out of her body andconvey it into the world. It is not until after Rouenna's sudden death that'I' realized the significance of their relationship, when her love forRouenna makes her to return to Staten Island and thus enables her to reviveas a narrator after a long sterile period.

著者

金 慶南

出版者

日本アーカイブズ学会

雑誌

アーカイブズ学研究 (ISSN:1349578X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, pp.114-131, 2015-12-31 (Released:2020-02-01)

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本稿の目的は、1910年から1952年まで、日本帝国の植民地支配とその戦後処理構造に対して、日本帝国と朝鮮植民地、GHQと占領地日本で行われた決裁構造と原本出所を明らかにすることで、記録史料学的な観点からアプローチすることにある。その結果、日本帝国政府と朝鮮総督府、GHQと従属的日本政府の上意下達式二重決裁構造によって、植民地支配と戦後処理に関する決裁原本はそれぞれ韓国、日本、アメリカ等に分散保存されることが明らかになった。これによって植民地支配とその処理問題を植民地時期・戦後を連続的に把握し、同時に、日本、朝鮮、米国という空間を総合的に考察することで、帝国と植民地・占領地記録をもっと構造的に再認識することが期待される。

著者

原田 勇彦 加我 君孝 水野 正浩 奥野 妙子 飯沼 寿孝 堀口 利之 船井 洋光 井上 憲文 安倍 治彦 大西 信治郎 牛嶋 達次郎 宮川 晃一 伊藤 修 佐久間 信行 北原 伸郎 土田 みね子 飯塚 啓介 小林 武夫 杉本 正弘 佐藤 恒正 岩村 忍 矢野 純 山岨 達也 広田 佳治 仙波 哲雄 横小路 雅文 鈴木 光也

出版者

耳鼻咽喉科展望会

雑誌

耳鼻咽喉科展望 (ISSN:03869687)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, no.3, pp.380-387, 1994-06-15 (Released:2011-08-10)

参考文献数

15

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鼓膜炎, 慢性化膿性中耳炎, 真珠腫性中耳炎の感染時, 中耳術後の再感染症例を対象として, オフロキサシン (OFLX) 耳用液の有用性と耳浴時間に関する臨床的研究を行った。研究参加施設を無作為に2群に分け, 1群では1回6-10滴, 1日2回, 7日間以上の点耳を行い, 毎回点耳後約10分間の耳浴を行うよう, II群では同様の点耳後に2-3分間の耳浴を行うよう患者に指示した。総投与症例は258例で, 全体では83.3%の改善率, 86.7%の菌消失率 (143例中) が得られた。副作用は1例もなく, 全体としては82.9%の有用率であった。統計学的検定により1群とII群の比較を行ったところ, すべての項目で両群間に有意の差はみられなかった。以上の結果から, OFLX耳用液は鼓膜, 中耳の炎症性疾患に対して極めて有用かつ安全なものであり, その点耳後の耳浴時間は2-3分でも十分な効果が得られるものと考えられる。

著者

成宮 芳三郎

出版者

日本良導絡自律神経学会

雑誌

日本良導絡自律神経雑誌 (ISSN:05575729)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.5, pp.99-102, 1974

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When it comes to Dr. Nakatanis Neurometry, I know quite a bit after 15 years, study. We'd better wait to make sure it's just what he ordered. You will have to take it with a grain of salt, when I say H<SUB>3</SUB> (R & L) come in different means - EKG & GOT &sdot; GPT. In a way, you are right. Contrary to what many assume, these H<SUB>3</SUB> (R & L) are descendants of heart function. We are happy to have Dr. Nakatani with us. I think he's holding something back. If you turn the table around we should study EKG, X-figure & GOT &sdot; GPT etc about heart function. That should make sense. And one more thing I have already reported Neurometry H<SUB>3</SUB> and EKG or X-ray figure of heart in 1962 &1967.<BR>I suggest we start at the beginning. -H<SUB>3</SUB> (neurometry) at first. Will you keep an eye on my study of 170 patients on my clinic in 5 years. Would it be all right if I report after three examinations (H<SUB>3</SUB>, EKG & GOT&sdot;GPT) otherwise you'll damage it or you go upstairs before she smells a rat.<BR>What a relief ! 95 EKG normal patients group shows many H<SUB>3</SUB> & GOT&sdot;GPT normal values.<BR>And in addition, many EKG abnormal groups except infarctus myocardii & coronary failure in total 75 cases have more abnormal H<SUB>3</SUB> & normal GOT&sdot;GPT values.<BR>Infarctus myocardii, next coronary failure groups have more abnorm al H<SUB>3</SUB>, elevated GOT & normal GPT values.

著者

大蔵省印刷局 [編]

出版者

日本マイクロ写真

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1935年06月04日, 1935-06-04

著者

大蔵省印刷局 [編]

出版者

日本マイクロ写真

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1935年08月23日, 1935-08-23

著者

大沢 博

出版者

岩手大学教育学部

雑誌

岩手大学教育学部研究年報 = Annual report of the Faculty of Education, University of Iwate (ISSN:03677370)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.1, pp.208-228, 1981-10-31

著者

森吉 昭博

出版者

工文社

雑誌

月刊建築仕上技術 (ISSN:03890856)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.481, pp.48-56, 2015-08

著者

小島 誠二

出版者

日本タイ協会

雑誌

タイ国情報 (ISSN:09134743)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.6, pp.41-62, 2020-11

出版者

衆議院

巻号頁・発行日

2017-11

著者

平井 克尚

出版者

京都大学大学院人間・環境学研究科

雑誌

人間・環境学 (ISSN:09182829)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, pp.13-26, 2011

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ウルマーのイディッシュ期の映画『グリーン・フィールド』を論じる.これまでこの映画に関しては,文化的側面とフィルム・テクスト的側面の差異がさして意識されることなく調和的に論じられてきたが,本論では,これまで論じられてこなかった,イディッシュ文化とフィルム・テクストとの軋みの部分に焦点をあて,この観点を軸に論じる.それは,ウルマーによるこの映画がマイノリティの文化的共同性を単に補強するものではなく,様々な映画的記憶により織り成されたテクスチャーであることを示すことになるであろう.最初に,この期の映画を検証するにあたりイディッシュ,ウルマー,イディッシュ期のウルマーについて見る(I).次に,この期のウルマーの映画『グリーン・フィールド』の製作経緯を見る(II).引き続き,この映画の最後のシーンに着目する(III).最期に,この映画のフィルム・テクストを分析する(IV).This article sets out to argue about the film Green Field directed by E. G. Ulmer in the yiddish period, from a viewpoint of the dissonance between the yiddish culture and the film text. This film is not just an attempt to reinforce the cultural community of the ethnic minorities. It should be seen as a landmark film for Ulmer with a whole array of cinematic memories behind it. First we survey the yiddish film, E. G. Ulmer and his yiddish period to examine his films in the yiddish period (I).Second the making process of the film Green Field in his yiddish period is examined (II).Third we take notice of the last scene of this film (III).Finally through a close analysis of the cinematic text, we try to place Green Field in the context of Ulmer's career as well as American film history (IV).

著者

森田 吉彦

出版者

大阪観光大学研究論集編集委員会

雑誌

大阪観光大学研究論集 = Journal of Osaka University of Tourism (ISSN:1881638X)

巻号頁・発行日

no.21, pp.105-114, 2021-03-26

著者

内務省警保局企画課 編

出版者

立花書房

巻号頁・発行日

1948

著者

鈴村 暁男 山崎 敬久 高橋 邦夫 恩澤 忠男

出版者

一般社団法人 溶接学会

雑誌

溶接学会論文集 (ISSN:02884771)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, no.1, pp.39-45, 1995 (Released:2009-06-12)

参考文献数

3

被引用文献数

1 1

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In the brazed joint of natural diamond to Fe-42 Ni alloy made with Ag-Cu eutectic filler including 4.5 wt% Ti, the behavior of titanium segregation changes according to the brazing thermal cycles, which causes the change in joint strength and the fracture mode. The chemical reaction products of diamond and the filler were identified by ESCA and EDS analyses on the fractured surfaces at the brazed interface, where the analyzed surfaces were made using a developed tensile shear test method, in order to propose the model of formation mechanism of the joint structure.The analytical results revealed that such a structure as consists of TiC nucleation surrounded by Ag and/or Cu is preferred as the joint structure. It was also indicated that the segregation of Ti at the joint interface reduces the bonding strength, where the fracture is liable to occur at the interfaces of diamond-Ti and/or TiC-Ti.The relation between the joint structure and the strength was also discussed using the disregistry values calculated in the previous report. The structure formation models of the interface between diamond and brazing filler metals were proposed to explain the change in the structure and strength of the joint made by different cooling rates.

著者

古城 紀雄

出版者

大阪大学

巻号頁・発行日

1981

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