著者

持田 勲 大平 竜也

出版者

科学技術政策研究所 科学技術動向研究センター

雑誌

科学技術動向 (ISSN:13493663)

巻号頁・発行日

no.059, pp.30-41, 2006-02-01 (Released:2013-06-12)

著者

森 哲郎 Tetsuro MORI 京都産業大学文化学部

雑誌

京都産業大学世界問題研究所紀要 = The bulletin of the Institute for World Affairs, Kyoto Sangyo University (ISSN:03885410)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, pp.13-28, 2015-03

著者

悉知 弥生 宮岡 佳子

出版者

跡見学園女子大学

雑誌

跡見学園女子大学文学部紀要 = Journal of Atomi University, Faculty of Literature (ISSN:13481444)

巻号頁・発行日

no.52, pp.243-252, 2017-03

著者

カール・マルクス 著

出版者

未来社

巻号頁・発行日

vol.第1-3巻, 1948

著者

Karl Marx bearbeitet von Izumi Omura ...

出版者

Akademie Verlag

巻号頁・発行日

2008

出版者

太政官

巻号頁・発行日

vol.慶応4年 第9−10巻, 1876

著者

横山由清 述

出版者

[ ]

巻号頁・発行日

1800

著者

山本 真悟 野口 弘行 中里 匡陽 吉川 将平

出版者

一般社団法人日本建築学会

雑誌

学術講演梗概集 (ISSN:18839363)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2015, pp.267-268, 2015-09-04

著者

Cassie J. HILDITCH Jillian DORRIAN Siobhan BANKS

出版者

National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health

雑誌

Industrial Health (ISSN:00198366)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.6, pp.528-541, 2016-11-30 (Released:2016-12-07)

参考文献数

114

被引用文献数

1 34

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Sleep inertia is the period of impaired performance and grogginess experienced after waking. This period of impairment is of concern to workers who are on-call, or nap during work hours, and need to perform safety-critical tasks soon after waking. While several studies have investigated the best sleep timing and length to minimise sleep inertia effects, few have focused on countermeasures -especially those that can be implemented after waking (i.e. reactive countermeasures). This structured review summarises current literature on reactive countermeasures to sleep inertia such as caffeine, light, and temperature and discusses evidence for the effectiveness and operational viability of each approach. Current literature does not provide a convincing evidence-base for a reactive countermeasure. Caffeine is perhaps the best option, although it is most effective when administered prior to sleep and is therefore not strictly reactive. Investigations into light and temperature have found promising results for improving subjective alertness; further research is needed to determine whether these countermeasures can also attenuate performance impairment. Future research in this area would benefit from study design features highlighted in this review. In the meantime, it is recommended that proactive sleep inertia countermeasures are used, and that safety-critical tasks are avoided immediately after waking.

著者

明李時珍撰

出版者

江西刊

巻号頁・発行日

vol.[2], 1603

出版者

写

巻号頁・発行日

vol.[2],

著者

羽布津 明

出版者

THE TOHOKU GEOGRAPHICAL ASSOCIATION

雑誌

東北地理 (ISSN:03872777)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, no.4, pp.167-172, 1966 (Released:2010-04-30)

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After the Second World War, Japanese agriculture is confronted with many peoblems such as the modernization, increase of production and profits and so on. Tobacco culture in a village of Fukushlma prefecture is analyzed as an example of commercial agriculture in Japan, especially in an area under rather unfavorable conditions.1) In Hirata, the number of full-time farmers have been increasing, and the acreage of their farms is also increasing, but it is noticeable that they are depending mostly on family labor lately.2) The importance of tobacco in Hirata is growing in cropped acreage and also as a source of income.3) Although tobacco has been raised for many years, the management technic is very backward, and the improvement to tobacco farming has just started since World War II.4) Tobacco is raised in fields in which it is very difficult to mechanize, and present use of family labor is almost at its limit. Therefore, there is little room for the improvement of tobacco farming. Most of the farmers are looking for other cash crops to replace tobacco.

著者

鈴木 央一 山口 恭平

出版者

公益社団法人 自動車技術会

雑誌

自動車技術会論文集 (ISSN:02878321)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.4, pp.973-978, 2016 (Released:2018-01-29)

参考文献数

4

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将来導入が予想される世界統一試験サイクル(WLTP)における排出ガスや燃費について,従来のJC08モードと,12台の車両について比較試験を行った.CO,HC排出はWLTPで増加するケースが多いが,冷始動時の影響度が高まることが主に影響していた.燃費については,多くの車両で同等な値を示した.

著者

藤森 かよこ

出版者

福山市立大学都市経営学部

雑誌

都市経営 : 福山市立大学都市経営学部紀要 = Urban management : bulletin of the Faculty of Urban Management, Fukuyama City University (ISSN:2186862X)

巻号頁・発行日

no.9, pp.17-33, 2016

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「アイン・ランドは新自由主義の源泉のひとつである」と批判的に言われている.このアイン・ランド批判は2点において知的怠慢の産物である.第一の怠慢は,新自由主義(neoliberalism)に関する理解不足である.新自由主義を「強欲資本主義」と同義語として邪悪なものとしてみることは,現行の知的風土の前提である.しかし,新自由主義と「新自由主義と呼ばれる現象」とは別である.新自由主義の実践が,その原則からかなり逸脱したものであることは,新自由主義批判者が認めている.そもそも賢人政治的期待を政府は満たすことはできない.現代と未来は,新自由主義的経済政策の「創造的破壊」を通過するしかないのかもしれない.新自由主義は未完のプロジェクトなのだ.第二の知的怠慢は,ランドが唱える思想に使用される言葉の意味を検証せずして,ランドは利己主義を肯定したのだから強欲資本主義の提唱者であると断じることである.彼女が肯定した「利己主義」とは,長期的視野に基づく合理的なものである.「気まぐれな自分勝手」では長期的には自己利益は確保できない.ランドが支持した「道徳としての資本主義」は,あくまでも等価交換をする自由な交易者どうしの関係を意味する.搾取と物理的強制力から解放された自由な個人間の関係を条件にしている.1980年代から各国で採用された新自由主義政策が生み出したサイバー資本主義や金融資本主義や,21世紀になってからの金融危機など,アイン・ランドの思想とは遠く離れている.Some critics say that Ayn Rand is the "fountainhead" of neoliberalism. This notion is the result of intellectual negligence in the following two points.First, this notion is based on the premise that neoliberalism is a sort of villain. Neoliberalism has been blamed as the ideology behind the outbreak of the economic crisis that shocked the world in 2008 and 2009 and the present economic recession. But there are the contradictions between neoliberalism in principles and that in practice. Even those against neoliberalism notice that systematic divergences from the template of neoliberalism are apparent.Second, this notion fails to grasp Ayn Rand's thoughts, "Objectivism." Rand stated that the proper purpose of one's life is the pursuit of one's own happiness (rational self-interest) and that the only social system consistent with this morality is laisse-faire capitalism with a separation of state and economics. Because full respect for individual rights is embodied in laissez-faire capitalism. Rand proposes a limited government that has a coercive monopoly on the use of physical force. Rand argues that the harmony of interests of individuals is inherent in the nature of a trade. A trade is an exchange from which both parties expect to derive a mutual benefit. We can safely say that Rand's views about capitalism as morality have no connection with neoliberalism in practice.

著者

玄光亭金墨 作

出版者

岩戸屋喜三郎

巻号頁・発行日

1818

著者

江島 明男 寺沢 弘文 杉森 正道 大薄 悟 松本 建介 川戸 康義 安岡 周美 田川 博昭

出版者

The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan

雑誌

Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:00092363)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.3, pp.683-688, 1992-03-25 (Released:2008-03-31)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

13 21

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Several E-ring-modified analogues of (RS)-camptothecin were synthesized by total synthesis via Friedlander condensation and evaluated for cytotoxicity and antitumor activity against P388 mouse leukemia cells. Among them, (RS)-20-deoxyamino-7-ethyl-10-methoxycamptothecin (25c) was found to be more active than (RS)-camptothecin (1) in the in vivo assay.

著者

川口 昭彦

出版者

一般社団法人 情報科学技術協会

雑誌

情報の科学と技術 (ISSN:09133801)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.12, pp.518-521, 2005-12-01 (Released:2017-05-25)

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国際的な競争社会において, 日本の国立大学が, それなりの地位を確保するために, 法人化が実施された。法人化の目的は, 国の組織から切り離すことによって, 自律的な環境の下で, それぞれの戦略を立てて, 特色を出し, お互いに切磋琢磨することによって, 国際競争力のある個性輝く大学作りを目指すことである。このように, 従来に比べて大学自身の裁量に任される部分が拡大したカウンターパートとして, 第三者評価制度が導入された。法人化と定期的な第三者評価の実施によって, 国立大学に抜本的な改革が期待されている。

著者

扇原 貴志

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.89.16234, (Released:2018-03-10)

参考文献数

39

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A scale for assessing the inclination for social child-rearing among university students was developed. Social child-rearing is defined as child-rearing not only by the parents but supported by society as a whole. The attitude of supporting this type of child-rearing has been called an “inclination for social child-rearing.” University students (n = 661) filled out a questionnaire and factor analysis results indicated four factors related to an inclination for social child-rearing: an orientation for problem-solving related to children and child-rearing; feelings of avoidance of children and child-rearing; an inclination toward child-rearing at home; and acceptance of the tax burden. In general, the inclination for social child-rearing was higher among women; this inclination was even higher when there were children or other child-rearing people in the participants’ proximity. Correlations with existing scales indicated that the inclination for social child-rearing was higher when social interests, social considerations, and nurturance were higher. These results indicate the concurrent validity of the scale developed in this study.

著者

西村 多久磨 福住 紀明 藤原 和政 河村 茂雄

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.89.16048, (Released:2018-03-10)

参考文献数

37

被引用文献数

2

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The present study investigated the longitudinal changes in social skills among junior high school students. A total of 505 students (boys = 266, girls = 239) participated in a questionnaire survey every year from the first to third year of junior high school. The results of latent growth curve model indicated a decrease in kakawari skills consisting of assertion and developing relationships with peers, and an increase in hairyo skills consisting of compassion and maintaining relationships with peers. The model also revealed a positive relation between longitudinal changes in kakawari and hairyo skills. However, the results of growth mixture model extracted a profile characterized by increase in both skills and another profile characterized by a decrease in kakawari skills only. Considering the estimated mean level and changes of both skills, we found a widening gap in social skills among students. Furthermore, multi-group analysis for the growth mixture model indicated a sex-based difference in the changes. Overall, educational practices to facilitate kakawari skills are necessary for junior high school students, particularly for girls.

著者

Tetsuro Watase Kohei Shimizu Hiroki Komiya Kinuyo Ohara Koichi Iwata Bunnai Ogiso

出版者

Nihon University School of Dentistry

雑誌

Journal of Oral Science (ISSN:13434934)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.16-0854, (Released:2018-02-26)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

9

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A study was conducted to evaluate the mechanisms underlying ectopic orofacial pain associated with tooth pulp inflammation in rats. We observed a significant decrease in the head withdrawal threshold (HWT) response to mechanical and heat stimuli applied to the ipsilateral facial skin upon application of complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA) to the upper first molar (M1TP) in comparison to application of vehicle. A large number of trigeminal ganglion (TG) neurons showed transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) immunoreactivity (IR), and some of them were retrogradely labeled with fluorogold injected into the facial skin. A large number of cells showing IR for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were observed in the 2nd compared to the 1st or 3rd branch regions of the TG, and TG cells innervating the facial skin were also surrounded by GFAP-IR cells. After administration of TRPV1 antagonist into the facial skin of M1TP CFA-treated rats, the decrease of HWTs in response to mechanical and heat stimulation of the facial skin was significantly reversed. The present findings suggest that the excitability of TG neurons is enhanced upon tooth pulp inflammation, leading to overexpression of TRPV1 in TG neurons innervating the facial skin, and that satellite glial cells are also activated, resulting in the development of ectopic orofacial pain.